EP2370211B1 - Éléments pour des applications à température élevée - Google Patents

Éléments pour des applications à température élevée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2370211B1
EP2370211B1 EP09764801.8A EP09764801A EP2370211B1 EP 2370211 B1 EP2370211 B1 EP 2370211B1 EP 09764801 A EP09764801 A EP 09764801A EP 2370211 B1 EP2370211 B1 EP 2370211B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
layer
coating
silicon
pull
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EP09764801.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2370211A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Jährling
Lars Schrubke
Willi Grigat
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Paul Hettich GmbH and Co KG
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Paul Hettich GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2370211A1 publication Critical patent/EP2370211A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
    • C23C18/122—Inorganic polymers, e.g. silanes, polysilazanes, polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/1229—Composition of the substrate
    • C23C18/1233—Organic substrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
    • C23C18/1254—Sol or sol-gel processing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
    • C23C18/1262—Process of deposition of the inorganic material involving particles, e.g. carbon nanotubes [CNT], flakes
    • C23C18/127—Preformed particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
    • C23C18/1283—Control of temperature, e.g. gradual temperature increase, modulation of temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
    • C23C18/1295—Process of deposition of the inorganic material with after-treatment of the deposited inorganic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/14—Decomposition by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, particle radiation or by mixed irradiation sources
    • C23C18/143—Radiation by light, e.g. photolysis or pyrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/269—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension including synthetic resin or polymer layer or component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the DE 10 2007 010 955 A1 discloses a silane-based coating on a furnace steel part and applied to the steel surface in a sol-gel process. This coating has a layer thickness of 1-6 mm.
  • the DE 25 44 880 discloses a method of making an abrasion resistant coating on plastic or metal substrates made from a coating composition from a titanium, aluminum or zirconium ester with at least two ester groups OR, an epoxy and / or acryloxysilane and optionally conventional additives and fillers.
  • the EP 0 973 958 discloses a method of providing a metallic surface with a vitreous layer wherein a coating composition is applied to a metallic surface and thereafter thermally densified to a transparent vitreous layer at a temperature of at least 350 ° C.
  • the DE 10 2004 001 097 discloses a metallic substrate having a deformable vitreous coating comprising a coating sol applied by applying an alkali silicate-containing coating sol to the substrate followed by a two step thermal treatment.
  • the first stage can be carried out in an oxygen-containing atmosphere or in vacuo at a residual pressure of ⁇ 15 mbar.
  • the second stage is carried out in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere until complete densification and curing of the vitreous layer. In this process, the generation and guarantee of the different atmospheres in the thermal compression is associated with additional effort in this process.
  • the EP 1 137 729 discloses a coating for household appliances which is based on hydrolyzable silanes and has at least one nonhydrolyzable component.
  • the hydrolyzable silanes have epoxide groups at least one non-hydrolyzable substituent, and a curing catalyst selected from the group of Lewis bases zirconium titanium or aluminum alkoxides and also nanoscale inorganic solids.
  • the DE 10 2007 053 023 discloses a laminating composition with an oxide compound and a method of coating substrates, including metal.
  • a coating composition is applied to the substrate applied, which represents the general formula, for example, a silane.
  • this silane composition is heated to a temperature of more than 400 ° C. to form an element / element oxide composite layer, and subsequently this element oxide composite structure is heated and solidified by local sintering by means of a laser, which means additional expenditure on equipment compared to previous heating methods.
  • the EP 0 928 457 discloses a method for producing substrates having high temperature and UV resistant transparent colored coatings, wherein the coating composition can form at least one glassy crystalline or partially crystalline oxide and contains at least one member of the group of a metal compound and the coating thermally cures to form a coated substrate ,
  • the EP 0 729 442 discloses a process for producing a functional vitreous layer comprising at least one hydrolyzable silane, at least one organosilane and at least one functional carrier for coloring the coating or for coloring or improving the metallic appearance. Subsequently, this coating is thermally compressed to a glassy layer.
  • the EP 1 068 372 A1 describes a method of protecting a metallic substrate from corrosion.
  • a metal-derived species X is formed.
  • the substrate is provided with a coating of polysiloxanes, wherein the coating also comprises a species Z, which forms a species Y with the metal.
  • the formation of the species Y has a lower formation enthalpy than the formation of the species X.
  • the formation of the species Y is preferred.
  • the thermal cycling stability was confirmed over a range of -40 ° C-100 ° C. A thermal cycling over a range of - 40 ° C to 500 ° C under the corrosive conditions, such as occur in the furnace, are not disclosed in the document.
  • the DE 10351467 discloses a substrate having a double coating.
  • This coating can be used, for example, in the oven interior come.
  • the double coating has a hydrophobic component which reacts with free OH groups as the outer layer.
  • the inner layer is an inorganic sol-gel layer in which the outer hydrophobic layer is only applied at moderate temperatures of up to 100 ° C and is firmly anchored by condensation reactions with this chemically.
  • the baking of the double layer system takes place on the surface of the article.
  • the DE 10155613 discloses a process for coating surfaces by hybrid polymeric materials and the coating solutions or compositions used therein. This is a layer of silanes with org. Rests and aluminum alkoxides applied to the surface of the substrate and dried. Subsequently, the surface is provided with a topcoat.
  • the DE 10253839 A1 discloses a method of coating articles with metallic surfaces.
  • at least one organosilane is applied in the so-called sol-gel process and the resulting coating is converted into a polysiloxane coating.
  • This conversion of the coating into a polysiloxane coating is preferably carried out by thermal treatment at temperatures of 100 ° C.
  • the EP 0956373 discloses a method of providing a protective surface on a base alloy containing iron, nickel and chromium.
  • elemental silicon and titanium with at least aluminum or chromium are deposited on the base alloy and heat treated to form a surface alloy.
  • Coated fittings and components with applications in the high temperature range are in the DE 102005039883 disclosed. It describes an appliance accessory for the oven, the appliance accessory has a base made of metal, such as chromed steel and a pyrolysis resistant coating. The coating material is glassy and was applied to the base body from a liquid phase.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method which improves the resistance of components to environmental influences, in particular when used in the high-temperature range.
  • the present invention solves this problem by a component having the features of claim 1.
  • the method for manufacturing components provides for providing a blank, preferably by punching and bending a metal sheet, and applying an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer on the surface of the blank, heating the coated blank, for example to a temperature of at least 400 ° C and the cooling of the coated blank to room temperature.
  • the blank may preferably be made of metal, for example of stainless steel, steel, aluminum, aluminum alloys, copper, copper alloys, zinc, chromium or nickel.
  • the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer can also be applied to blanks which are already coated with PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) or PEEK (polyetheretherketone).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • LCP liquid crystal polymer
  • thermoplastics, ceramics and enamel the hybrid polymer layer can be applied.
  • various methods of shaping are applicable during the manufacturing process of the blank, depending on its material properties.
  • the inorganic-organic Hybrid polymer coating and subsequent thermal treatment provides improved corrosion protection even in the higher temperature range compared to the previous passivation.
  • the resulting polymer forms a hard layer, which is also more tear-resistant than would be the case, for example, when applying a purely inorganic material.
  • This additional strength of the coating as a result of the thermal treatment therefore makes it more resistant to mechanical abrasion and ensures the maintenance-free use of the components produced by this method.
  • the particularly material-saving and simple application method of spraying the sol onto the surface of the blank can be used.
  • fluorine-containing silanes as a starting material for the sol-gel process, the surfaces oleophobic and hydrophobic properties can be obtained, they are thus dirt-repellent.
  • An advantageous curing of the coating provides UV irradiation, so that as a result of three-dimensional crosslinking of the polymer layer, the surface becomes scratch-resistant and more resistant to abrasion. Therefore, the blank can be stored for a long time after this step before it is further processed.
  • the treated components can, for example, even at low temperatures after this treatment step used in refrigerators, freezers and ovens at service temperatures between -50-600 ° C.
  • when used in refrigerators and freezers can thus be dispensed with the expensive higher or even additional zinc coating on the components.
  • sol further inorganic components such as SiO 2 and / or TiO 2
  • the sol further inorganic components add in order to achieve by incorporation of these components in the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer structure during polymerization, an additional improvement of the mechanical properties of the coating.
  • additives may be aluminum and / or manganese compounds. These compounds can be incorporated into the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer structure during hydrolysis. After a thermal treatment of the component at up to 800 ° C, aluminum and / or manganese can be incorporated into the predominantly inorganic network of the coating.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the coating provides a silicon-aluminum and / or titanium-containing inorganic-organic hybrid polymer, which at temperatures up to 800 ° C, preferably in the range of 400-600 ° C, is stable.
  • Aluminum, titanium and silicon oxygen polymer compounds are inexpensive, easy to synthesize and chemically resistant to most chemicals. Due to their material properties, such polymers find many applications as building materials or even coating material and thus meet the requirements that are placed on coating material for high temperature application.
  • the heat treatment of the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer coating is advantageously carried out according to a temperature program, two different temperature gradients being used in a heating phase of the coated green body.
  • a significantly faster heating phase in order to achieve the corresponding target temperature ⁇ 2 .
  • the coating is allowed at Adjust the thermal expansion of the blank to the changed conditions and, if necessary, to reorient along the substrate surface.
  • the controlled heating is therefore advantageous in that hardened coatings tend to crack in the higher temperature range.
  • the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer coated blank is preferably annealed for at least 20 minutes, more preferably for more than 30 minutes, at least 200 ° C, preferably 300-600 ° C.
  • an adherent, corrosion-resistant and largely age-resistant substrate-polymer compound is achieved.
  • this temperature range for example, the pyrolysis of a furnace.
  • the time of at least 20 or 30 minutes is advantageous, since at this high temperature, an oxidation of the organic hybrid polymer components takes place, and thus after the oxidation of the organic components a finely divided and more tear-resistant polymer layer is formed, than when using only inorganic starting materials.
  • the coated blank is annealed at an air flow rate of 30-90 l / min, preferably 50-70 l / min, whereby as complete as possible oxidation of the organic moieties of the hybrid polymer is achieved on the substrate surface and subsequent exposure of the user by Combustion products of any post-combustion of organic polymer components is excluded.
  • the component is smoothed before applying the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer in order to achieve the largest possible interface between the forming polymer surface and the substrate surface and also to obtain a small distance between both surfaces.
  • the component may have a surface roughness of at most 500 nm, for example from 300 to 500 nm, preferably before coating 300 to 400 nm, which improves the adhesion of the polymer to the substrate surface.
  • cleaning methods such as degreasing may be used prior to application of the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer.
  • a component produced by the method according to the invention can be used in particular in ovens in the high temperature range, because the coating causes both a high material load capacity and a high temperature resistance.
  • food is usually cooked, which usually contains a lot of water, which evaporates and precipitates elsewhere. This is a special susceptibility to corrosion in components in an oven.
  • especially in this application area should be placed on a hygienic quality processing value.
  • a component coated by the method according to the invention can be used as a fitting in other domestic appliances in the range between -50 ° C. to 600 ° C. This includes u.a. also the use in refrigerators, where particularly high demands on the corrosion resistance of fittings, for example by salt spray tests and the like., Are provided.
  • the component can be used in particular as a fitting, such as be designed as a hinge, as flap fitting, as a rail system, as a food support and as a pull-out guide, or as part of a fitting.
  • the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer coating also increases the corrosion resistance during transport of the components, in particular the resistance to external climatic influences such as rain, snow, salt water, seawater spray and fog increases.
  • external climatic influences such as rain, snow, salt water, seawater spray and fog increases.
  • containers are protected against external influences, condensate can nevertheless form inside.
  • the current temperature and the moisture that is brought into the container during loading affect the current relative humidity in the container.
  • the trapped air in the container, the cargo, its packaging or the dunnage are sources of moisture.
  • a coating is provided which is resistant to corrosion, in particular during sea transport of the coated components elevated.
  • a use of the coated components in seawater climate is possible.
  • the components can be used in the form of furniture fittings in kitchen and / or laboratory furniture used for the storage of cleaning agents or chemicals.
  • dyes and / or pigments can be incorporated into the coating of the component. This is advantageous for achieving optical effects since possible tarnish colors of stainless steels are laminated in color or by metallic optics.
  • these precoated components may already be colored
  • the component according to the invention is particularly well suited for the production of a pullout guide, in particular, the rails of the pullout guide can be coated accordingly.
  • Fig. 1 shows a pullout guide for high temperature applications, in particular for ovens, comprising a guide rail 1 and a guide rail 2 movable relative to the guide rail, between which a middle rail 3 (see Fig. 2 ) is stored.
  • pullout guides are known, which have only a guide and a running rail.
  • pull-out guides are also used which have a guide rail, a running rail and more than one middle rail.
  • rolling elements 4 in particular made of ceramic, are provided for the movable mounting of the middle rail 3 and the running rail 2 .
  • rolling elements 4 in particular made of ceramic, are provided for the movable mounting of the middle rail 3 and the running rail 2 .
  • a plurality of raceways 6 are provided for the spherical rolling elements 4 on the guide rail 1, the middle rail 3 and the running rail 2.
  • the rolling elements 4 are spaced from each other in the rolling element cage 5 to not touch each other during rolling, whereby the smooth running would be hindered.
  • the rails 1 to 3 are made for use in ovens from a stamped and bent sheet steel and provided with a coating.
  • the production of the components of the pullout guide, in particular the rails 1 to 3 takes place by the following steps:
  • the metallic blanks of the pullout guide are made by punching and bending.
  • the blank can be machined.
  • an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer is applied on the surface of the blanks.
  • the coated blanks are then heated to a temperature of at least 400 ° C and annealed for a predetermined period of time before being recooled to room temperature.
  • the application of the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer takes place in the sol-gel process, which in Fig. 3 is exemplified for a polysiloxane coating.
  • alkoxy compounds of silicon are converted by hydrolysis, with substitution of the alkoxy functions, by hydroxy groups into reactive silanols present in the sol as colloidal particles. These particles are deposited on the application of the sol on a surface, preferably of metal, at this. Heating further enhances the interaction of silanol molecules with the surface, leading to the formation of covalent bonds. When heated, it also leads to the transformation of the sol in the gel state to form polysiloxanes. In this case, alcohols and water are formed in a condensation reaction.
  • the coating sols of the inorganic-organic hybrid polymers can be applied in liquid form to a metallic component in a sol-gel process and flow and harden under mild reaction conditions.
  • silicon As the inorganic component, it is also possible, for example, to use metals such as zirconium or titanium alkoxy compounds.
  • TMOS tetramethoxysilane
  • solvent about 1/4 of the volume of the TMOS
  • slow addition about 2 h
  • the addition is in the range between 0-10 ° C, since TMOS is very flammable, toxic and corrosive.
  • TMOS is very flammable, toxic and corrosive.
  • HCl concentrated aqueous HCl
  • the HCl can be cooled down to a temperature of about 0 ° C in advance.
  • the stirring is maintained for a few minutes, for example, 5-10 minutes.
  • the solvent may be protic or aprotic polar, for example isopropanol.
  • a mixture of mainly 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTS) and titanium tetraisopropylate may be converted into a flowable coating substance under basic or acidic conditions by hydrolysis and then converted into an inorganic silicon dioxide layer by subsequent curing as a result of condensation at 700-800 ° C.
  • GPTS 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane
  • titanium tetraisopropylate may be converted into a flowable coating substance under basic or acidic conditions by hydrolysis and then converted into an inorganic silicon dioxide layer by subsequent curing as a result of condensation at 700-800 ° C.
  • an intermediate layer is formed between the upper silicon dioxide layer, with a thickness of 0.1-2 ⁇ m and the surface of the metallic component, which in addition to the silicon dioxide also forms an increased proportion of metal compounds or elemental metals such as chromium, aluminum and / or manganese.
  • the metallic component may optionally have a chromium- or aluminum-containing alloy in which predominantly aluminum atoms diffuse into the silicon layer to form an intermediate layer.
  • the diffusion of chromium, manganese, aluminum but also nickel compounds in the silicon-containing layer is surprisingly greater than the diffusion of iron compounds in this layer.
  • the diffusion of the metal compounds by a temperature gradient during curing can advantageously be influenced with regard to the penetration depth and concentration distribution in the layer.
  • the metal for example aluminum
  • the metal may already be incorporated as part of the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer and accumulate in the center of the coating as a result of diffusion and distribution effects.
  • Manganese may diffuse from the metal into the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer during heating and accumulate in this layer.
  • a passivating intermediate layer can form, which, like the vitreous silicon cover layer, is temperature-resistant even at over 500.degree.
  • the integrity of the layer is also retained if the component coated in this way is exposed to a welding flame of 1000-1500 ° C. for a short time, ie for about 30 minutes.
  • the coating can be at least partially applied and used on metallic components, which are welded to an uncoated surface with another metallic surface. In this case, if the welding flame comes into contact with a coated area of the fitting, the coating is not destroyed.
  • the coating can also be applied to a chromed surface by the sol-gel method, wherein the chromium-silicon oxide coating does not flake off at higher load in a subsequent bending of the component, compared to a pure chromated surface.
  • the application of the liquid sol to the surface of the metallic component can be done by spraying, dipping, brushing or the like.
  • the organic constituents of the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer can additionally crosslink three-dimensionally, which gives the coating advantageous mechanical properties.
  • inorganic components for example, titanium oxide or silicon oxide may be incorporated by encapsulation in a polysiloxane coating, whereby the mechanical properties of the coating can also be improved.
  • the further inorganic components can be incorporated as fine particles, in particular in the nanoscale range between 40 nm and 500 nm.
  • the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer layer is heated in temperature gradients to a temperature in the range of 400-600 ° C, whereby the organic moieties of the polymer are preferentially oxidized.
  • the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer in conjunction with the sol-gel process provides a network density which has low layer thicknesses, preferably between 1.0-5.0 ⁇ m, for example one on silicon based polymer layer and the incorporation of other nanoscale inorganic components as well as dyes or pigments in the polymer layer allow.
  • the annealing time is between 40 minutes and 3 hours, preferably 1 hour at 200-800 ° C, preferably 300-600 ° C.
  • This polymer layer is quartz-like, tear-resistant, mechanically resilient and protects the blank from corrosion. In addition, it conceals temper colors of steel-containing materials, for example as a metallic finish.
  • the surfaces 1.4016 and 1.4301 are metallic surfaces of pullout guides.
  • the PEEK-coated pullout guide of the experimental procedure 3 can not be loaded at 500 ° C. for 2 h, but has an improved non-sticking effect and cleaning compared with Examples 1 and 2.
  • a sol-gel coating in conjunction with a PEEK coating on a pullout guide advantageously allows the high-temperature use as well as an improvement in the cleanability and thus the full Pyrolysetaugrete.
  • FIG. 3 schematically a temperature diagram for the process of permanent coating of fittings, side rails and food supports for high temperature applications is shown.
  • the cleaning of the metallic or plastic surface of the blank prior to the application of the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer coating can be carried out by various mechanical and / or chemical cleaning methods. Furthermore, an additional surface treatment for roughening the surface can take place.
  • the flow behavior can be adjusted so that it adheres even to vertical surfaces.
  • the component according to the invention with the corresponding inorganic-organic hybrid polymer coating, has the advantages of scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion protection, improved cleanability, and reduction of dirt adhesion. It is, unlike metallic coatings, transparent and can be applied to a colored substrate.
  • Fig. 4 shows in tabular form the elemental composition in mass concentrations along a depth profile of a component coated according to the invention.
  • Fig. 5 is shown the graphical representation of measured values of the elementary composition of the coated component over a depth profile of 0-65 microns.
  • the step size of the measuring points is 0.5 ⁇ m in the range of 0-20 ⁇ m and 4 ⁇ m in the range of 20-65 ⁇ m.
  • the elemental composition at 65 ⁇ m corresponds essentially to the composition of the chromium steel of the metallic component before the coating.
  • the measured data in the FIGS. 4 and 5 were determined by optical glow discharge spectroscopy (sputtering gas Ar 5.0, anode diameter 2.5 mm).
  • the examined component itself is a profile piece of an oven extractor guide coated according to the method of the invention.
  • the component was thermally treated with 500 pyrolysis cycles at 500 ° C for 1.5 hours prior to the test.
  • the table of Fig. 4 shows exemplarily selected individual values of the spectroscopic determination by means of glow discharge.
  • the layer consists predominantly of oxygen-containing compounds.
  • predominantly silica with a mass fraction of about 19% is represented.
  • the proportion of oxidic silicon compounds is about 1.6 times higher than the proportion of metallic oxides. Iron is contained in this area of the layer with a mass fraction of 2.6%.
  • the percentage by weight of oxygen-containing compounds, compared to the composition at a layer thickness of 1 micron, has decreased by about 10%.
  • the mass fraction of silicon compounds is 24%.
  • the mass fraction of silicon compounds is still 1.2 times higher than the mass fraction of the metallic compounds. In this case, the metal composition has changed compared to the composition of the layer at 1 micron.
  • the mass fraction w (aluminum) of the layer is 12.1% and the manganese content is 11.1%.
  • the silicon mass fraction is 20.9%.
  • the oxygen mass fraction is 33.3%. It is noteworthy that the iron content compared to the aluminum and manganese content occupies only 6.6%.
  • the iron mass fraction is already 14.6% and grows in the further profile profile up to about 70%.
  • transition of the aluminum, manganese and silicon-rich and low-iron layer in an iron / chromium layer takes place at about 20 microns.
  • composition at 100 ⁇ m essentially reflects the elemental composition of the chromium steel used.
  • Fig. 5 shows an increase in the concentration of aluminum to 40% and manganese to 8% in the coating, the concentrations reach their maximum in the range between 10-20 microns and then drops again.
  • a diffusion and distribution of aluminum and manganese compounds in the silicon-containing layer was carried out after application of the inorganic-organic silicon-containing hybrid polymer layer in the sol-gel Method and heating the coating to 550-800 ° C, preferably 650-750 ° C.
  • the two-layer coating thus obtained gives rise to a variety of possible applications.
  • the surface can be designed according to the customer's wishes.
  • a leveling of the surface by applying the coating leads to a better cleanability of the surface and to an attractive appearance.
  • Fig. 6 shows a light microscopic reproduction of the layered structure of the coated component at a scale of 50 microns.
  • the intermediate layer 102 which in addition to silicon compounds mainly comprises manganese and aluminum compounds.
  • the layer has an inhomogeneous structure, which is evidenced by a large number of darker and lighter points in the gray layer.
  • these concentration focuses are smaller and more evenly distributed in the layer than is the case with the underlying steel layer 103.
  • the layer thickness is 20-30 ⁇ m.
  • the measured values are the averaged values of a triple measurement, the measured values being subject to an average fluctuation range of 5%, based on the averaged value.
  • the measurement was carried out by means of energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy (EDX).
  • EDX energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy
  • the method of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for material analysis uses the X-radiation emitted by a sample for the investigation of the elemental composition.
  • the atoms in the sample are excited by means of an electron beam, which emit X-radiation with an element-specific energy.
  • Fig. 7 shows a scanning electron micrograph of a cross section of the coating.
  • the measurements were carried out with a Zeiss SEM DSM 962 with an acceleration voltage of 20 kV and about 500 magnification at a working distance of about 23 mm.
  • the surface of the coating is a white thin layer with about 1-2 microns thickness, as a silicon oxide cover layer 111 recognizable.
  • an approximately 20 ⁇ m thick intermediate layer which is formed mainly of silicon dioxide, aluminum, iron and oxygen.
  • the substrate material 113 of the metallic component is arranged.
  • Fig. 8-10 show spectra taken with a combination of the measurements of a SEM with an energy-dispersive X-ray emission analysis (EDX).
  • EDX energy-dispersive X-ray emission analysis
  • the above mentioned SEM was combined with an EDX (EDAX Genesis).
  • the EDX has an energy resolution of 10 eV / ch and a count rate of about 14,000 pulses per second.
  • Fig. 8 shows a spectrum of an examined area of the aforementioned coated profile piece, which specifically excluded from the coating and treated under the same conditions (500 ° C, 100 pyrolysis cycles of 1.5 h).
  • the uncoated surface mainly contains iron (63%) and chromium (16%), as well as nickel (6.75%), manganese (1.85%), carbon (4.55%), oxygen (2.89%) , Aluminum (1.83%) and silicon (2.50%).
  • the substrate material 113 of the metallic component is an alloy steel of the class of chrome steels.
  • Fig. 9 shows a spectrum from the area of the intermediate layer 112. This area mainly comprises silicon (22.67%), oxygen (26.49%) iron (13.81%) and aluminum (13.86%), and nickel (2 , 05%), manganese (6.46%), carbon (11.02%) and chromium (3.64%).
  • Fig. 9 shows a spectrum from the area of the silicon cover layer 111. This area mainly comprises silicon (35.6%), oxygen (28.05%) and aluminum (12.95%), and iron (4.73%), Nickel (0.92%), manganese (8.61%), carbon (8.50%) and chromium (0.63%).
  • the silicon-containing intermediate layer of a thickness of, for example, 10-40 microns has at least 10% silicon and 10% of a metal, preferably aluminum, wherein the percentages relate to percentages by weight.
  • inorganic-organic hybrid polymer coating according to the invention it is also possible with the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer coating according to the invention to ensure a transparent coating on metallic blanks, which has a high scratch resistance compared to uncoated components and at the same time the stainless steel color, partially even while avoiding tarnishing colors, reproduces.
  • the measurement results also show a consistently low-noise mobility (classification 1-7, where 1 is defined as no noise and 7 as maximum noise).
  • the forces which were used to pull out the coated pullout guide are in the range below 10 N, preferably between 3.0 to 4.5 N.
  • the forces which were used for retracting the coated pullout guide are in the range below 11 N, preferably between 4.0 to 8 N.
  • the coatings described are applied to a metallic component whose substrate material of steel number 1.4301 comprises a 18/10 chromium-nickel steel, steel of the material number 1.4016, a ferritic 17 percent chromium steel or steel of the material number 1.4310 a chromium nickel-alloyed steel.
  • the coating offers particular advantages in high temperature applications, especially in ovens. However, it also offers advantages for components in Areas with high risk of corrosion. This includes, for example, the products of white goods, such as refrigerators and washing machines. Also furniture fittings are exposed during transport, especially in overseas transport, higher risk of corrosion, for example, by humid climate and / or seawater. In these areas, coated hardware has a longer life compared to uncoated hardware.

Claims (8)

  1. Rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation d'un guide d'extraction pour des applications à haute température, en particulier pour une utilisation dans des appareils électroménagers, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un revêtement qui est fabriqué selon un procédé comportant les étapes suivante :
    a. préparation d'une pièce brute ;
    b. application d'une couche de polymère hybride inorganique et organique sur une surface de la pièce brute ;
    c. chauffage de la pièce brute revêtue pour durcir la couche de polymère ; et
    d. refroidissement de la pièce brute revêtue, un composé de métal ou un métal diffusant lors du chauffage de la pièce brute revêtue dans la couche de polymère hybride afin de la protéger contre la corrosion,
    le métal ou le composé de métal contenant du chrome, de l'aluminium, du manganèse et/ou du nickel,
    l'épaisseur de couche du revêtement étant de 10 à 40 µm.
  2. Rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation d'un guide d'extraction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche de polymère hybride inorganique et organique du rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation contient un colorant ou des pigments.
  3. Rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation d'un guide d'extraction selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche de polymère hybride contient au moins une part de la masse w d'un métal de 7 % pour la protection contre la corrosion.
  4. Rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation d'un guide d'extraction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la couche de polymère hybride contient au moins une part de la masse w d'un métal de 12 % pour la protection contre la corrosion.
  5. Rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation d'un guide d'extraction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation présente un corps de base métallique, une couche intermédiaire disposée pardessus et contenant du dioxyde de silicium et au moins un métal et une couche de couverture avec du dioxyde de silicium, la couche intermédiaire en dioxyde de silicium et métal formant, si la couche de couverture est endommagée, une protection contre la corrosion du matériau du substrat.
  6. Rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation d'un guide d'extraction selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la couche de couverture contient une part de la masse w (silicium) d'au moins 30 %.
  7. Rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation d'un guide d'extraction selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la couche de couverture contient une part de la masse w (silicium) d'au moins 35 %.
  8. Rail de guidage, rail central et/ou rail de circulation d'un guide d'extraction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de couche du revêtement est de 20 à 30 µm.
EP09764801.8A 2008-12-02 2009-12-02 Éléments pour des applications à température élevée Not-in-force EP2370211B1 (fr)

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DE102008059908 2008-12-02
DE102009044340A DE102009044340A1 (de) 2008-12-02 2009-10-27 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauteilen, insbesondere für Hochtemperaturanwendungen und Bauteil
PCT/EP2009/066273 WO2010063776A1 (fr) 2008-12-02 2009-12-02 Procédé de fabrication de composants pour des applications haute température et composant métallique

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EP2370211B1 true EP2370211B1 (fr) 2016-09-28

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DE102009052398B4 (de) * 2009-11-10 2013-05-16 Acs Coating Systems Gmbh Beschichtung für ein Substrat und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP2552605A2 (fr) 2010-04-01 2013-02-06 Paul Hettich GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de production d'une ferrure, ferrure, appareil électroménager et meuble
DE102010016940A1 (de) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Beschlag und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Beschlags
DE102010036663A1 (de) 2010-07-23 2012-01-26 Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Bauteil für einen Beschlag und/oder ein Haushaltsgerät, insbesondere für einen Backofen oder für eine Auszugsführung für Hochtemperaturanwendungen
DE102011120736B4 (de) 2011-02-01 2021-08-12 Laag S.R.L. Auszugsführung für einen Backofen oder für eine Spülmaschine
WO2012143386A1 (fr) 2011-04-21 2012-10-26 Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Composant métallique et procédé de modification de surface d'un composant revêtu
WO2013130140A1 (fr) * 2011-12-01 2013-09-06 University Of Utah Research Foundation Dispositifs photoniques sur des substrats plans et courbés et leurs procédés de fabrication
DE102012107807A1 (de) * 2012-08-24 2014-02-27 Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Bauteils eines Beschlages, Ofenbeschlag und Ofen mit Pyrolysereinigungsfunktion
KR20170028885A (ko) * 2014-05-20 2017-03-14 휘트포드 코포레이션 개선된 경도 및 내충격성을 갖는 졸-겔 조성물
DE102016202850B4 (de) * 2016-02-24 2019-07-25 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Käfig für ein Wälzlager mit einer Beschichtung
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CN102239011B (zh) 2013-10-23
KR20110099125A (ko) 2011-09-06
WO2010063776A1 (fr) 2010-06-10
DE102009044340A1 (de) 2010-06-10
JP5548994B2 (ja) 2014-07-16
CN102239011A (zh) 2011-11-09
EP2370211A1 (fr) 2011-10-05
JP2012510358A (ja) 2012-05-10

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