EP2352959A1 - Indirectly heated fluidized bed dryer - Google Patents
Indirectly heated fluidized bed dryerInfo
- Publication number
- EP2352959A1 EP2352959A1 EP08875030A EP08875030A EP2352959A1 EP 2352959 A1 EP2352959 A1 EP 2352959A1 EP 08875030 A EP08875030 A EP 08875030A EP 08875030 A EP08875030 A EP 08875030A EP 2352959 A1 EP2352959 A1 EP 2352959A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluidized bed
- heat exchanger
- bed dryer
- housing
- dryer according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
- F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
- F26B3/084—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed with heat exchange taking place in the fluidised bed, e.g. combined direct and indirect heat exchange
Definitions
- the invention relates to an indirectly heated fluidized bed dryer for drying moist, fine-grained bulk materials, such as lignite, comprising a housing with a gassing, with above the gassing floor extending heat exchanger installations and at least one provided below the gassing discharge for the dried bulk material.
- Such a fluidized bed contact dryer is known for example from DE 196 20 047 A1.
- the maximum of the heat transfer is associated with a certain expansion state of the fluidized bed or a certain speed in the fluidized bed.
- excessive expansion of the fluidized bed degrades the operation of the heat exchanger.
- coarsening of the bed material by fine discharge also worsens the operation of the dryer.
- EP 0 341 347 A1 describes a fluidized-bed contact dryer whose housing is formed by at least one trough, in each of which a heat exchanger through which condensed steam flows in the form of a straight tube bundle is arranged in a plurality of steam passages with a considerably reduced number of tubes or vapor cross section.
- the tubes are arranged in the troughs of the contact dryer so as to give a uniform pitch of the heater.
- the measure according to EP 0 341 347 achieves a substantially constant flow velocity of the heating steam within the tube bundle heat exchanger.
- the solution according to EP 0 341 347 A1 has the disadvantage that the cross-sectional area of the dryer housing is not constant over its height in the region of the heat exchanger installations. This leads to flow-mechanical disturbances in the fluidized bed, which is undesirable for reasons of performance optimization.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to improve a fluidized bed dryer of the type mentioned in terms of the best possible heat transfer.
- an indirectly heated fluidized-bed dryer for drying moist, fine-grained bulk materials comprising a housing with a gassing bottom with heat exchanger installations extending above the gassing floor and at least one discharge device for the dried bulk material provided below the gassing floor, wherein the fluidized bed Dryer according to the invention characterized in that the usable flow cross-section of the housing increases in the region of the heat exchanger installations with a constant cross-sectional area of the housing over its height in the region of the heat exchanger installations in the flow direction of the fluidizing gas.
- the housing of the fluidized bed dryer according to the invention has a rectangular, preferably a square cross-section.
- the housing has a circular cross-section.
- the packing density of the heat exchanger internals decreases in the flow direction of the fluidizing gas. This makes it possible without additional installations to increase the usable flow cross section of the housing with a constant cross section of the housing over the height of the heat exchanger with the result of a reduction in the increase in speed with increasing vapor mass flow.
- tube bundles and / or plate packs are provided as heat exchangers, which are combined into segments of different pipe pitch and / or different plate spacings.
- a heat exchanger tube bundle may be provided as a heat exchanger tube bundle, which are arranged in segments with different pipe diameters and / or different distances to each other. Expediently, the pipe diameters decrease in the flow direction of the fluidizing gas or their distances become larger in the direction of flow.
- At least two or preferably three heat exchanger segments for example in the form of heating registers in the flow direction of the fluidizing gas, can be arranged one behind the other or connected in series.
- all heat exchanger segments have an approximately equal heat exchange surface, so that an average falling speed level is established in the heat exchanger tubes.
- the heat exchanger installations can be designed to be more continuous, preferably the heat exchanger installations are of three-flighted design, with each passage being connected to a condensate collector. By the latter measure name pressure losses are avoided due to entrained condensate.
- the multi-pass arrangement of the heat exchanger tubes the heat transfer is increased on the inside of the steam-heated tubes, which contributes to the fact that the heat transfer coefficient and thus the efficiency of heat transfer is improved in total.
- a variant of the fluidized-bed dryer according to the invention is characterized in that a funnel-shaped outlet is provided, which is geometrically designed so that sets mass flow when deducting bulk material. This means that all the contents of the spout are in motion when the material is removed. There are no or at most minimal dead zones or resting bulk zones. The opposite of this is generally referred to as so-called core flux, which may be a disruption of the
- Fluidization of the fluidized bed can cause. This can occur, for example, when deposits accumulate on the fixed bed below the gassing soil, which are not moved when material is removed.
- the steepness of the enclosing walls of the outlet is chosen so that sets mass flow when deducting bulk material, that is, when material removal, the entire fixed bed is in motion at each point.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a fluidized bed dryer according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a section through the fluidized bed container of Figure 1 offset by 90 °.
- the fluidized-bed dryer (1) shown in FIG. 1 has a housing (2) with a rectangular cross-section.
- a Rohbraunkohleneintrag a filler pipe (4) with a rotary valve (5).
- a funnel-shaped outlet (7) is provided below a gassing floor (6), at the lower end of which a mechanical discharge, for example in the form of a rotary valve (5, FIG. ) is provided.
- a mechanical discharge for example in the form of a rotary valve (5, FIG. ) is provided.
- a mechanical discharge for example in the form of a rotary valve (5, FIG. ) is provided.
- a mechanical discharge for example in the form of a rotary valve (5, FIG. ) is provided.
- a mechanical discharge and a screw conveyor or the like there could be provided as a mechanical discharge and a screw conveyor or the like.
- the fluidized-bed dryer (1) according to the embodiment is
- the gassing bottom (6) is provided on its side facing away from the material take-off (7) with nozzles (8) for introducing a fluidizing gas.
- a fluidizing gas or fluidizing medium is steam into consideration.
- a partial flow from the fluidized bed dryer leaving vapors are diverted behind an electrostatic precipitator.
- gassing floor (6) extend transversely to the gas flow and optionally slightly inclined heat exchanger installations in the form of tube bundles
- the lignites introduced, for example, with a particle size of 0 to 2 mm and a water content of up to 65% by weight into the fluidized-bed dryer (1) are conveyed above the gasification base (6) by means of the
- Tube bundle heat exchanger (9) towards the top continuously to.
- the speed of the vapors increases accordingly.
- the stationary fluidized bed comes in an unstable area and the dust discharge of the fine coal content of the fluidized bed increases sharply. This essentially affects the particle size of less than 300 ⁇ m. This causes a coarsening of the bed material of the fluidized bed, which has a negative effect on the fluid mechanics and heat transfer in the fluidized bed.
- the heat exchanger installations in the form of shell and tube heat exchanger in the described embodiments are designed with increasing pitch in the flow direction, thereby resulting in an increase in the useful cross section of the housing (2) with the same cross section or diameter of the housing over the entire height of the heat exchanger installations.
- the greater distance between the tubes of the tube bundle heat exchanger (9) to each other can be achieved either in that fewer tubes are arranged at a greater distance in a segment or that the tubes are designed in the flow direction with a reduced diameter.
- the distance of the tubes from each other in the gassing bottom (6) nearest segment 11a is smaller than in the subsequent segment 11 b.
- the distance of the tubes of the tube bundle heat exchanger (9) is greatest, so that there the fluidic usable cross-section of the housing (2) is greatest, which counteracts an increase in velocity of the vapor mass flow in the flow direction.
- the vapor is removed from the fluidized bed dryer (1).
- the heat exchanger internals in the housing (2) are designed as a three-pass shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a total of three condensate collectors (13a, b, c).
- the hot steam as the heating medium is introduced into the first, upper segment 11a via the steam inlet designated by (14) into the tube bundle heat exchanger (9) which passes completely through the housing (2).
- the transversely and optionally slightly inclined to the flow direction of the fluidizing medium passing tubes are flowed through by the heating medium, which flows on the opposite side of the steam inlet (14) into the condensate collector (13a).
- the resulting condensate is removed separately.
- the heating medium flows back into the condensate collector (13b) provided on the side of the steam inlet (14) and from there into the lowest condensate collector 13c.
- the segments 11a, b, c or the heating registers 11a, b, c are designed such that their heat exchange surface is approximately the same, so that sets in the individual courses an average falling speed level.
- the dried lignite collects in the funnel-shaped spout (7).
- Funnel-shaped in the sense of the invention does not necessarily mean that the cross section of the outlet is annular.
- the inclination of the enclosing walls of the outlet (7) is chosen so that adjusts mass flow in material removal, for example with the rotary valve.
- mass flow means that the entire funnel contents are in motion, so that the fixed bed below the aeration bottom (6) evenly lowers when material is withdrawn. There are no or at most minimal dead zones, ie dormant bulk zones. The bulk material surface or the fixed bed sinks almost uniformly. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS:
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL08875030T PL2352959T3 (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2008-11-24 | Indirectly heated fluidized bed dryer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2008/009922 WO2010057509A1 (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2008-11-24 | Indirectly heated fluidized bed dryer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2352959A1 true EP2352959A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
EP2352959B1 EP2352959B1 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
Family
ID=40886516
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08875030.2A Not-in-force EP2352959B1 (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2008-11-24 | Indirectly heated fluidized bed dryer |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110283555A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2352959B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102224388B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2008364234B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2742929C (en) |
PL (1) | PL2352959T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2474777C1 (en) |
UA (1) | UA100932C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010057509A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011009903A1 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-02 | Rwe Technology Gmbh | Producing brown coal coke useful for power generation, comprises drying raw brown coal, carbonizing dried brown coal, and storing the energy-rich gas produced during the carbonization, in a gas reservoir |
DE102013104032A1 (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2014-10-23 | Rwe Power Ag | Process for the milling drying of coal |
CN105255519B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-08-29 | 中科合成油工程股份有限公司 | A kind of feed coal is predrying, the method and its dedicated processes system of powder processed and conveying |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US36757A (en) * | 1862-10-21 | Improvement in plastering-trowels | ||
US2761668A (en) * | 1950-12-13 | 1956-09-04 | Smidth & Co As F L | Apparatus and method for exchanging heat between solid materials and a fluid medium |
US2724190A (en) * | 1952-03-22 | 1955-11-22 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Apparatus for continuously drying granular solids |
DE1051508B (en) * | 1957-12-31 | 1959-02-26 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Method and device for expanding the performance limits of vortex ovens |
US3675710A (en) * | 1971-03-08 | 1972-07-11 | Roderick E Ristow | High efficiency vapor condenser and method |
CH539818A (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1973-07-31 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Heat exchanger for two vaporous media |
CH575075A5 (en) * | 1974-02-15 | 1976-04-30 | Sulzer Ag | Heat transfer facility as heater - with non gas side of transfer wall extending over most of fluidised gas side bed height |
DE2549784C2 (en) * | 1975-11-06 | 1984-12-20 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Fluidized bed gas generator with heat supply, in particular nuclear reactor heat, from the outside |
DE2718892A1 (en) * | 1977-04-28 | 1978-11-09 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Fine granular material hopper - has funnel of temp. resistant sheet metal inside bottom conical portion |
EP0099690B1 (en) * | 1982-07-20 | 1986-09-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for the conversion of alcohols and oxygenates into hydrocarbons |
KR900007722B1 (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1990-10-19 | 가부시기가이샤 마에가와 세이사구쇼 | Jet stream injection system |
JPS6346391A (en) * | 1986-08-13 | 1988-02-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Fluidized bed heat exchanger |
US4756360A (en) * | 1987-03-25 | 1988-07-12 | Riley Stoker Corporation | Fluidized bed heat exchanger |
DD271944B5 (en) * | 1988-05-11 | 1993-12-02 | Ver Energiewerke Ag | INDIRECTLY HEATED STEAM WHEEL LAYER DRYING SYSTEM |
RU2039918C1 (en) * | 1988-06-30 | 1995-07-20 | Иматран Войма Ой | Method of drying water-containing material at electric power station and device for its realization |
DE4010695A1 (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 1991-10-10 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Fluidised bed reactor contg. at least two heat exchangers - used independently or together for providing different quantities of heat simply |
US5568834A (en) * | 1995-02-01 | 1996-10-29 | Donlee Technologies, Inc. | High temperature heat exchanger |
DE19620047C2 (en) * | 1996-05-18 | 2002-06-27 | Rwe Rheinbraun Ag | Method and device for drying lignite |
EP0819903A1 (en) * | 1996-07-17 | 1998-01-21 | GEA Wärme- und Umwelttechnik GmbH | Brown coal drying plant |
-
2008
- 2008-11-24 UA UAA201107960A patent/UA100932C2/en unknown
- 2008-11-24 PL PL08875030T patent/PL2352959T3/en unknown
- 2008-11-24 WO PCT/EP2008/009922 patent/WO2010057509A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-11-24 CA CA2742929A patent/CA2742929C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-11-24 CN CN200880132064XA patent/CN102224388B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-11-24 RU RU2011125916/06A patent/RU2474777C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-11-24 AU AU2008364234A patent/AU2008364234B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-11-24 EP EP08875030.2A patent/EP2352959B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-11-24 US US13/130,970 patent/US20110283555A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010057509A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102224388A (en) | 2011-10-19 |
AU2008364234B2 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
RU2011125916A (en) | 2012-12-27 |
CA2742929C (en) | 2016-10-11 |
CN102224388B (en) | 2013-10-02 |
US20110283555A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
AU2008364234A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
RU2474777C1 (en) | 2013-02-10 |
EP2352959B1 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
WO2010057509A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
CA2742929A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
PL2352959T3 (en) | 2016-01-29 |
UA100932C2 (en) | 2013-02-11 |
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