EP2348272B1 - Échangeur thermique régénératif et procédé de transmission de chaleur entre deux matières solides - Google Patents

Échangeur thermique régénératif et procédé de transmission de chaleur entre deux matières solides Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2348272B1
EP2348272B1 EP11151711.6A EP11151711A EP2348272B1 EP 2348272 B1 EP2348272 B1 EP 2348272B1 EP 11151711 A EP11151711 A EP 11151711A EP 2348272 B1 EP2348272 B1 EP 2348272B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
heat
exchanger surface
free
solids
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11151711.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2348272A2 (fr
EP2348272A3 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Epple
Joachim Seeber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Darmstadt
Original Assignee
Technische Universitaet Darmstadt
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Darmstadt filed Critical Technische Universitaet Darmstadt
Priority to PL11151711T priority Critical patent/PL2348272T3/pl
Publication of EP2348272A2 publication Critical patent/EP2348272A2/fr
Publication of EP2348272A3 publication Critical patent/EP2348272A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2348272B1 publication Critical patent/EP2348272B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
    • F28D19/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using granular particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
    • F28D17/005—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using granular particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a regenerative heat exchanger and a method for transferring heat from a first free-flowing solid to a second free-flowing solid.
  • Heat exchangers or heat exchangers are known.
  • the DE 30 27 187 A1 a recuperative heat exchanger for indirect heat transfer between free-flowing solids.
  • This recuperative heat exchanger consists of a bundle of mutually parallel tubes, wherein adjacent tubes abut each other at least on one side surface.
  • the tube bundle is arranged horizontally and rotatable about an axis of rotation.
  • the tubes conveying ribs are fixed so that the free-flowing solid is conveyed by the rotation of the tubes about the axis of rotation parallel to the extension direction of the tubes through the respective tube.
  • the first solid is conveyed in one direction, while at the same time the second solid is conveyed in the opposite direction through the other part of the tubes. In this case, the heat is at least partially transferred from the warmer solid through the tube wall to the colder solid.
  • GB 322 601 A discloses a regenerative heat exchanger having a heat exchange surface for transferring heat from a first material (exhaust gas) to a second substance (air).
  • a positioning device can change the position of the heat exchanger surface between a heat absorption position and a heat release position.
  • the first substance (exhaust gas) moves through an exhaust passage in a direction of movement from a first side to a second side of the heat exchange surface.
  • the second substance (air) moves through an air channel along the heat exchanger surface from the second side to the first side of the heat exchanger surface.
  • the heat exchanger surface After heating a part of the heat exchanger surface in the gas channel, the heat exchanger surface is rotated and the heated part is positioned in the air duct, while the cooled part is moved from the air duct into the gas duct. In each position of the heat exchanger surface therefore takes place a heat absorption in the gas duct and a heat emission in the air duct.
  • DE 32 25 838 A1 shows a heat exchanger, which has substantially the same structure as that of GB 322 601 A ,
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention is designed as a regenerative heat exchanger.
  • the first free-flowing solid and the second free-flowing solid are moved successively over the heat exchanger surface of the heat exchanger for heat transfer.
  • the hot first free-flowing solid releases its heat to the heat exchanger surface during its movement along the heat exchanger surface.
  • the second free-flowing solid absorbs the heat from the heat exchanger surface. In this way, the heat is at least partially transferred from the first free-flowing solid to the second free-flowing solid.
  • Both solids are brought into contact with the same heat exchanger surface, very high levels of heat transfer efficiency can be achieved.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention also has a positioning device by means of which the position of the heat exchanger surface between a heat absorption position and a heat release position can be changed. To heat the heat exchanger surface, this is brought by the positioning in its heat receiving position.
  • the first free-flowing solid moves in a direction of movement from a first side to a second side of the heat exchanger surface.
  • the two sides of the heat exchanger surface are arranged one above the other in the vertical direction.
  • the heat exchanger surface heats up more in the region of its first side than in the region of its second side. This is due to the fact that the first solid cools continuously as it passes through the heat exchanger while delivering the heat to the heat exchanger surface.
  • the supply of the first free-flowing solid is stopped in the heat exchanger and the positioning moves the heat exchanger surface in the heat release position.
  • the heat exchanger surface changes its position such that the subsequently supplied second free-flowing solid first impinges on the less heated second side of the heat exchanger surface and is forwarded from there along the heat exchanger surface to its first side.
  • the first side of the heat exchanger surface is arranged in the heat absorption position in the vertical direction seen over the second side, while the second side of the heat exchanger surface in the heat release position located vertically above the first page.
  • the respective solid trickles exclusively or at least supported by gravity along the heat exchanger surface from top to bottom.
  • the regenerative heat exchanger works as it were according to the "countercurrent principle". This ensures a high efficiency in the heat transfer from the first to the second free-flowing solid. Both solids are passed one after the other over the same, entire heat exchanger surface.
  • the regenerative heat exchanger or the heat exchanger arrangement comprising a plurality of regenerative heat exchangers and the method according to the invention can advantageously be used in conjunction with a calciner.
  • the first hot, free-flowing solid is a calcium oxide (CaO) enriched solid.
  • the second free-flowing solid is preferably a calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) enriched solid.
  • the heat transfer can take place between the first solid stream led out of the calciner and the second solid stream leading into the calciner.
  • the regenerative heat exchanger can therefore be an integral part of the calciner.
  • the heat exchanger housing is provided in particular for embodiments of the heat exchanger surface which are not fastened to one another Parts, such as loosely packed packing. Such fillers can be very easily filled into the heat exchanger housing.
  • the heat exchanger housing does not have to be completely closed for this purpose. It can have a grid-like structure. Housing openings must be designed in their shape and / or size so that the filler can not fall through and can be held in the heat exchanger housing.
  • perforated wall elements or grid elements may be used to form housing openings. In each case at least at a first and a second location, a housing opening is present, so that can be fed or removed via the two housing openings of each passing through the heat exchanger solid.
  • the positioning device can displace the heat exchanger housing together with the heat exchanger surface between the heat release position and the heat absorption position.
  • the first and the second housing openings in each case exchange their positions.
  • This makes it possible to achieve a compact design of the regenerative heat exchanger, which requires little space.
  • this can be designed as a rotating device which rotates the heat exchanger surface or the heat exchanger housing with the heat exchanger surface between the two positions.
  • the axis of rotation preferably runs transversely to the direction of movement of the solids through the heat exchanger.
  • the axis of rotation can be arranged approximately horizontally. Between the two positions of the heat exchanger surface, this can then be rotated, for example, by 180 degrees.
  • At least part of the heat exchanger surface may be formed by arranged in the heat exchanger housing packing. These fillers serve the size of the heat exchanger surface so that the heat exchange surface provided for contact with the respective solid is large for a given volume. This ensures that a sufficient passage cross-section for the passage of the respective solid remains. On the design of the shape and size of the packing not only the heat exchanger surface can be increased, but also the residence time of the passed solid and thus the contact time between the solid and the heat exchanger surface varies and be set as desired.
  • the packing may form a solid structure or matrix and be immovably connected relative to each other. In this case, can be dispensed with a heat exchanger housing.
  • the filler can have spacer means, so that the distance between adjacent packing ensures a sufficiently large passage cross-section for the passage of the respective solid.
  • a spacer means may be used by the filler projecting projections, such as pins, rods, discs, disc segments or the like.
  • balls or polyhedra can be used. These may alternatively or in addition to spacer means comprise one or more through holes through which the solid in question can be passed.
  • Wavy or multiply angled plates or sheets can also be used as the packing.
  • rods running transversely to the direction of movement of the respective solid can also be used as filling bodies.
  • the same solid inlet and / or outlet is used to introduce the first and second solids into the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger surface is arranged between Festscherinlass- and solids outlet. Between the heat exchanger surface or the heat exchanger housing and the solids inlet may also be provided a Feststoffverteil observed which serves to distribute the solid in a surface which extends transversely to the direction of movement of the solid along the heat exchanger surface. This ensures a uniform contact of the heat exchanger surface with the solid.
  • the solids distribution device distributes the solid in a substantially horizontal area. As a solid distribution device, for example, serve a distribution tray.
  • This distribution trough can be fluidized, so that a particularly homogeneous fluidized bed is formed and distributes the solids uniformly over the surface, which can then trickle out of the distribution trough to the heat exchanger surface via a multiplicity of overflow openings.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a power plant 20 with a furnace 21, such as a steam generator firing.
  • the resulting exhaust gas contains carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), which is fed to a carbonator 22 in which the CO 2 is absorbed by a sorbent in the form of calcium oxide (CaO) and reacts to calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ).
  • the carbonate stream 22 containing, the calcium oxide-containing or consisting of solid stream is a first free-flowing solid F1.
  • a solids flow of a second free-flowing solid F 2 which contains or consists of the calcium carbonate, is fed from the carbonator 22 to a calciner 24.
  • a mixture of fuel B and an oxidizer, eg, pure oxygen or air L is combusted to heat the calciner 24 to reach the calcination temperature of about 900 degrees Celsius.
  • the calcium carbonate is split again into calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The calcium oxide is fed to the carbonator 22 in the first solid F1.
  • the concentrated CO 2 gas produced in the calciner 24 can be compressed after cooling and purification and stored, for example, underground.
  • a heat exchanger 26 can serve, so that the heat contained in the CO 2 can be converted into useful energy.
  • Part of the CO 2 -containing exhaust gas can be supplied from the calciner 24 via a return line 27 to the carbonator 22 together with the CO 2 from the exhaust gas of the furnace 21.
  • a further heat exchanger 28 may be present.
  • a flue gas desulfurization unit 29 and a control valve 30 for controlling the Carbonator 22 supplied amount of gas be present.
  • flue gas desulfurization unit 31 and a further valve 32 may be present in the connection line 33 between the furnace 21 and the carbonator 22.
  • the flue gas desulfurization unit 31 and the control valve 32 can also be used for the exhaust gas flow conducted through the return line 27, as shown in dashed lines in FIG FIG. 1 is shown. In this case, the flue gas desulfurization unit 29 and the control valve 30 can be omitted.
  • the exhaust gases largely freed of CO 2 in the carbonator 22 are fed via an exhaust pipe 34 to a chimney or cooling tower 35.
  • a further heat exchanger 36, a further control valve 37 and a dust separator 38 may be arranged in the exhaust pipe 34.
  • the arrangement of the heat exchangers 26, 28, 36, the flue gas desulfurization units 29, 31, the control valves 30, 32, 37 and the dust separator 38 represent a preferred embodiment of the power plant 20, but can be changed.
  • the order of the mentioned components in a line can be changed. It is also possible to combine functionally identical units in order to simplify the construction of the system. It is also possible to provide a further dust separator 39 in the connecting line 33 following the firing 21 of the power plant 20.
  • the regenerative heat exchanger 45 serves for the at least partial transfer of heat from the first free-flowing solid F1, which is supplied to the carbonator 22 from the calciner 24, to the second free-flowing solid F2, which is the calciner 24 from the carbonator 22nd is supplied.
  • the calciner 24 has a heat exchanger unit 46 with a plurality of and, for example, three regenerative heat exchangers 45 connected in parallel.
  • the regenerative heat exchangers 45 serve to preheat the second free-flowing solid F2, so that fuel B and oxygen carrier (O 2 ) can be saved in the calciner firing 25.
  • the regenerative heat exchangers 45 transfer heat of the hot first free-flowing solid F1 to the second free-flowing solid F2.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 A schematic representation of the heat exchanger assembly 46 with the means for supplying and discharging the solids F1, F2 is shown schematically in the FIGS. 2 to 4 shown.
  • Each regenerative heat exchanger 45 of the heat exchanger assembly 46 is assigned a solids inlet 47.
  • Each solids inlet 47 is connected via a respective first inlet pipe 48 to a first inlet valve device 49.
  • the first inlet valve device 49 is seated between the first inlet tubes 48 and a siphon 50 of a solids separator of the calciner 24, not shown in detail. In the siphon 50, the first free-flowing solid F1 is collected.
  • each of the solids inlets 47 is connected via a second inlet pipe 51 and a second inlet valve device 52 to the solids separator 23 of the carbonator 22, in which the second free-flowing solid F 2 is located.
  • the two inlet valve devices 49, 52 either the first free-flowing solid F1 or the second free-flowing solid F2 can be fed to each of the regenerative heat exchangers 45 independently of one another.
  • each inlet opening 47 a distributor trough 55 is arranged in each heat exchanger 45, which serves for the areal substantially horizontal distribution of the respectively supplied solid F1 or F2.
  • the distribution trough 55 can be easily fluidized for better distribution of solids and has a plurality of along its surface overflow openings 56, as shown schematically in FIG FIG. 4 is shown.
  • the heat exchanger surface 57 of the regenerative heat exchanger 45 is arranged.
  • the heat exchanger surface 57 is within a heat exchanger housing 58.
  • the heat exchanger housing 58 can be omitted in embodiments of the heat exchanger 45, in which the heat exchanger surface 57 has a rigid or rigid structure and can be rotatably supported without housing, for example, in heat exchanger surfaces with plate-shaped elements ( FIGS. 5, 6 ).
  • the heat exchanger surface 57 is in the Figures 3 and 4 only schematically indicated by a hatching. On the heat exchanger surface 57 will be later in connection with the FIGS. 5 to 10 discussed in more detail.
  • Each regenerative heat exchanger 45 or each heat exchanger assembly 46 is associated with a positioning device 60.
  • the positioning device 60 serves to displace the heat exchanger surface 57 between a heat absorption position I and a heat release position II.
  • the heat exchanger surface 57 is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger housing 58, wherein the positioning device 60, the heat exchanger housing 58 moves together with the heat exchanger surface 57.
  • the heat exchanger housings 58 are preferably rotatably mounted on a respective holder 62 about a substantially horizontally extending axis of rotation 61.
  • the positioning device 60 is designed in this case as a rotator 63.
  • the three heat exchanger housings 58 can be moved independently between their two positions I, II.
  • a solids outlet 64 is present, to which an outlet valve device 65 is assigned. Via the outlet valve device 65, the solids outlet 64 of the heat exchanger 45 is connected either to a first outlet line 66 to the carbonator 22 or to a second outlet line 67 to the calciner 24. Depending on which solid F1, F2 is passed through the heat exchanger 45, the outlet valve device 65 is adjusted.
  • the holder 62 is configured in the form of a heat exchanger housing 58 surrounding outer housing 70 in the preferred embodiment.
  • a rotation region 71 is present in the interior of the outer housing 70, which enables the rotation of the heat exchanger housing 58 about the axis of rotation 61.
  • the rotation area 71 is designed as a cylindrical cavity, for example.
  • the heat exchanger housing 58 has a cylindrical contour with a cylinder axis extending in the direction of the axis of rotation 61.
  • the base of the cylindrical heat exchanger housing 58 is indicated by a polygon, such as a hexagon.
  • the base could alternatively be circular or be elliptical.
  • the housing shape of the heat exchanger housing 58 is freely selectable.
  • each heat exchanger 58 has a first side 72 and a relative to the axis of rotation 61 diametrically opposite second side 73.
  • first side 72 is assigned to the solids inlet 47 and its second side 73 to the solids outlet 64. Therefore, the first side 72 is located vertically above the second side 73.
  • the rotator 63 rotates the relevant heat exchanger surface 57 by 180 degrees. The two sides 72, 73 therefore exchange their positions.
  • the second side 73 is assigned to the solids inlet 47 and the first side 72 to the solids outlet 64.
  • the first side 72 of the heat exchanger surface 57 is arranged adjacent to a first housing opening 75 and the second side 73 adjacent to a second housing opening 76 in the heat exchanger housing 58.
  • the housing openings 75, 76 of the respective solid F1, F2 depending on position I, II of the heat exchanger housing 58 can be supplied or removed.
  • the in the FIGS. 5 and 6 drawn arrows indicate the direction of movement of the heat exchanger 45 passing through the solid F1 or F2, wherein the heat exchanger surface 57 is for example in each case in their heat absorption position I.
  • the heat exchanger surface 57 can be designed differently. Some embodiments are in the FIGS. 5 to 10 shown. According to the first embodiment FIG. 5 the heat exchanger surface 57 is formed by a plurality of mutually parallel corrugated plates or sheets 79. Instead of the corrugated plates 79 also multiply angled plates or sheets 80 may be used, as in FIG. 6 is shown schematically. Due to the corrugated or angled shape of the plates 79, 80, the direct trickling through of the solids F1, F2 is prevented. The plates 79, 80 form obstacles, so to speak, which redirect the solid in its direction of movement over and over again in order to extend the contact time between the solid F1, F2 and the heat exchanger surface 57. The plates or plates 79, 80 represent provided in the heat exchanger housing packing 81.
  • the heat exchanger housing 58 is filled with a plurality of rod-shaped packing 81.
  • the rods 82 forming the packing 81 are arranged transversely to the direction of movement R of the solids F1, F2 through the heat exchanger.
  • the rods 82 may pass through the heat exchanger housing partially or completely from one side wall to the opposite side wall.
  • Spacer means 83 are provided around the rods 82 to space the rods 82 apart so as to provide a sufficient passage area for the solids F1, F2.
  • the rods 82 then need not be fixedly connected to the heat exchanger housing 58.
  • the spacer means 83 are formed in this embodiment of annular discs 84 which surround the rods 82.
  • the heat exchanger surface 57 is formed by a grid-like structure 85. Again, transverse to the direction of movement R extending rods 82 are present, which are fixed in the direction of movement R extending holding rods 85 in position.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 further alternative possibilities for packing 81 are shown.
  • the packing 81 are each configured as an approximately spherical body.
  • each filler 81 radially distributed in different directions projecting pins 86, the spacer means 83 form.
  • the pins are preferably distributed over the entire circumference of the packing 81.
  • the respective solid F1 or F2 can flow through the heat exchanger housing 58 between the spherical packing 81 and the pins 86.
  • packing 81 are configured in the form of balls. They each have a plurality of through holes 87 to allow the passage of the first and second solid F1 and F2 through the heat exchanger housing 58.
  • combinations of the described packing 81 may also be used.
  • spherical packing 81 may also be used between the plates 79, 80.
  • the heat exchanger 45 according to the invention or the heat exchanger arrangement 46 consisting of three regenerative heat exchangers 45 operates as follows: In the heat absorption position I of the heat exchanger surface 57, the first free-flowing solid F1 is supplied to the regenerative heat exchanger 45 via the first inlet pipe 48.
  • the distributor trough 55 distributes the first free-flowing solid F1 horizontally evenly.
  • the first free-flowing solid F1 trickles through the first housing opening 75 It then impinges on the heat exchanger surface 58 and moves along the heat exchanger surface 57 to the second housing opening 76.
  • the first inlet valve device 49 stops the supply of the first free-flowing solid F1.
  • its first side 72 was below the solids inlet 47, while its second side 73 was associated with the solids outlet 64. Therefore, the first side 72 has heated more than the second side 73.
  • the temperature of the heat exchanger surface 57 decreases continuously from the first side 72 to the second side 73.
  • the heat exchanger surface 57 is displaced into its heat release position II, for example rotated about the axis of rotation 61. Now, the less warm second side 73 is associated with the solids inlet 47 and the more heated first side 72 with the solids outlet 64.
  • the second free-flowing solid F2 is now fed to the regenerative heat exchanger 45 via the second inlet valve device 52, with the second free-flowing solid F2 increasingly heating as it moves along the heat exchanger surface 57.
  • the supply of the second free-flowing solid F2 is stopped after a certain time and the positioning device 60 brings the heat exchanger surface back into its heat absorption position I.
  • the warmer first side 72 of the heat exchanger plate is now back to the solids inlet assigned.
  • the first free-flowing solid F1 therefore moves from the warmer first side to the less hot second side 73 of the heat exchanger surface 57. Therefore, during the entire movement, the temperature difference between the first free-flowing solid F1 and the heat exchanger surface 57 is approximately constant.
  • a plurality of regenerative heat exchangers 45 form a heat exchanger unit 46.
  • at least three heat exchangers 45 are combined in a heat exchanger unit 46. It is possible to achieve continuous streams both for the first free-flowing solid F1, and for the second free-flowing solid F2.
  • there are the regenerative heat exchanger 45 a heat exchanger unit 46 in different states: heat absorption position I, heat release position II or switching state between the two positions I, II. As long as one of the regenerative heat exchanger 45 is in its heat absorption position I, takes at least one of the other regenerative heat exchanger 45th the heat release position II, as in FIG. 3 is shown.
  • the third regenerative heat exchanger 45 of the heat exchanger assembly 46 is in the switching state between the two positions I, II. In the switching state, during the displacement movement of the heat exchanger surface 57 between the two positions I, II, no solids supply to the heat exchanger 45 takes place.
  • the invention relates to a regenerative heat exchanger 45 and to a method for transferring heat from a first free-flowing solid F1 to a second free-flowing solid F2.
  • the regenerative heat exchanger 45 has a heat exchanger surface 57.
  • the heat exchanger surface 57 can be switched between a heat absorption position I and a heat release position II by a positioning device 60.
  • In the heat absorption position I trickles a first free-flowing solid F1 along the heat exchanger surface 57 from a first side 72 to a second side 73.
  • the heat exchanger surface 57 heats up, with their temperature continuously increases from the first side 72 to the second side 73.
  • the positioning device 60 moves the heat exchanger surface 57 into the heat release position II, in which the second free-flowing solid F 2 to be heated is passed along the heat exchanger surface 57.
  • the second free-flowing solid F2 moves from the less warm second side 73 to the warmer first side 72.
  • the solids F1, F2 preferably move vertically downwards in a direction of movement R solely by gravity along the heat exchanger surface 47.
  • the temperature difference between the free-flowing solid F1, F2 and the heat exchanger surface 57 is approximately constant, resulting in a continuous heat transfer between the heat exchanger surface 57 and the respective solid F1, F2.
  • a preferred heat exchanger arrangement 46 three regenerative heat exchangers 45 are provided, each heat exchanger 45 being in a different state: one heat exchanger 45 takes the heat absorption position I, the other heat exchanger 45 the heat release position II and the third heat exchanger 45 a switching state between the heat absorption position I. and the heat release position II.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Echangeur thermique régénératif destiné à la transmission de chaleur d'une première matière solide (F1) susceptible de s'écouler, à une deuxième matière solide (F2) susceptible de s'écouler,
    comprenant une surface d'échangeur thermique (57) qui est disposée entre une entrée de matière solide (47) et une sortie de matière solide (64),
    sachant que pour l'introduction de la première matière solide (F1) susceptible de s'écouler et de la deuxième matière solide (F2) susceptible de s'écouler, dans l'échangeur thermique, on utilise la même entrée de matière solide (47), et que pour l'évacuation de la première matière solide (F1) susceptible de s'écouler et de la deuxième matière solide (F2) susceptible de s'écouler, de l'échangeur thermique, on utilise la même sortie de matière solide (64),
    comprenant un dispositif de positionnement (60) qui permet de modifier la position de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), entre une position d'absorption de chaleur (I) et une position de restitution de chaleur (II), sachant que dans la position d'absorption de chaleur (I) une première face (72) de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57) est associée à l'entrée de matière solide (47) et une deuxième face (73) est associée à la sortie de matière solide (64), et sachant que dans la position de restitution de chaleur (II), la deuxième face (73) est associée à l'entrée de matière solide (47) et la première face (72) est associée à la sortie de matière solide (64),
    sachant que dans la position d'absorption de chaleur (I) de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), la première matière solide (F1) susceptible de s'écouler s'écoule de haut en bas, dans une direction de mouvement (R) le long de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), depuis la première face (72) vers la deuxième face (73) de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), au moins sous l'effet de la gravité,
    et sachant que dans la position de restitution de chaleur (II), la deuxième matière solide (F2) susceptible de s'écouler s'écoule de haut en bas le long de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), sensiblement depuis la deuxième face (73) vers la première face (72) de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), au moins sous l'effet de la gravité.
  2. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un carter d'échangeur thermique (58) qui est doté d'une première ouverture de carter (75) et d'une deuxième ouverture de carter (76) et dans lequel est prévue la surface d'échangeur thermique (57).
  3. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, pour déplacer la surface d'échangeur thermique (57) entre la position d'absorption de chaleur (I) et la position de restitution de chaleur (II), le dispositif de positionnement (30) déplace le carter d'échangeur thermique (58), conjointement avec la surface d'échangeur thermique (57) disposée à l'intérieur de celui-ci.
  4. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lors du déplacement de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57) entre ses deux positions (I, II), les deux ouvertures de carter (75, 76) permutent leurs positions.
  5. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de positionnement (60) est réalisé sous forme de dispositif de rotation (63) qui fait tourner la surface d'échangeur thermique (57) autour d'un axe de rotation (61) qui s'étend perpendiculairement à la direction de mouvement (R) des matières solides (F1, F2), le long de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57).
  6. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57) est constituée de corps de remplissage (81) disposés dans le carter d'échangeur thermique (58).
  7. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les corps de remplissage (81) présentent des moyens d'espacement (83) destinés à maintenir un espacement minimal vis-à-vis des corps de remplissage (81) voisins.
  8. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque corps de remplissage (81) présente au moins un trou traversant (87).
  9. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme corps de remplissage (81) des plaques (79, 80) ondulées ou coudées.
  10. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme corps de remplissage (81) des tiges (82) disposées perpendiculairement à la direction de mouvement (R) des matières solides (F1, F2).
  11. Echangeur thermique régénératif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, entre l'entrée de matière solide (47) et la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), un dispositif de répartition de matière solide (55) qui permet de répartir la matière solide (F1, F2) respective amenée, de façon uniforme à plat, perpendiculairement à sa direction de mouvement (R).
  12. Ensemble d'échangeurs thermiques comprenant au moins deux échangeurs thermiques régénératifs (45) selon une des revendications précédentes, où la surface d'échangeur thermique (57) d'au moins un des échangeurs thermiques (45) se trouve dans la position d'absorption de chaleur (I), tandis que la surface d'échangeur thermique (57) d'au moins un des autres échangeurs thermiques se trouve dans la position de restitution de chaleur (II).
  13. Procédé de transmission de chaleur d'une première matière solide (F1) susceptible de s'écouler à une deuxième matière solide (F2) susceptible de s'écouler, à l'aide d'un échangeur thermique régénératif selon une des revendications 1 à 11,
    selon lequel, dans une position d'absorption de chaleur (I) de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), la première matière solide (F1) susceptible de s'écouler est guidée dans une direction de mouvement (R) le long de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), depuis une première face (72) vers une deuxième face (73) de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57),
    selon lequel la surface d'échangeur de chaleur (57), après son chauffage, est déplacée dans une position de restitution de chaleur (II) dans laquelle la deuxième matière solide (F2) susceptible de s'écouler est guidée le long de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57), depuis la deuxième face (73) vers la première face (72) de la surface d'échangeur thermique (57).
EP11151711.6A 2010-01-22 2011-01-21 Échangeur thermique régénératif et procédé de transmission de chaleur entre deux matières solides Active EP2348272B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11151711T PL2348272T3 (pl) 2010-01-22 2011-01-21 Regeneracyjny wymiennik ciepła i sposób przenoszenia ciepła między dwoma ciałami stałymi

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010005578A DE102010005578A1 (de) 2010-01-22 2010-01-22 Regenerativer Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zur Übertragung von Wärme zwischen zwei Feststoffen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2348272A2 EP2348272A2 (fr) 2011-07-27
EP2348272A3 EP2348272A3 (fr) 2015-08-26
EP2348272B1 true EP2348272B1 (fr) 2018-10-31

Family

ID=43901504

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11151711.6A Active EP2348272B1 (fr) 2010-01-22 2011-01-21 Échangeur thermique régénératif et procédé de transmission de chaleur entre deux matières solides

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2348272B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010005578A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2700501T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2348272T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8799666B2 (en) 2009-10-06 2014-08-05 Synaptics Incorporated Secure user authentication using biometric information
DE102011055678A1 (de) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-29 Technische Universität Darmstadt Kalziniervorrichtung zur Abscheidung von Kohlendioxid aus einem Feststoff

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB322601A (en) * 1928-10-29 1929-12-12 Wilfred Rothery Wood Improved apparatus wherein gases are passed over solids
GB789970A (en) * 1953-02-04 1958-01-29 Green & Son Ltd Improved heat exchanger of the regenerative type
FR1493816A (fr) * 1965-08-30 1967-09-01 Babcock & Wilcox Co échangeur de chaleur
DE3027187A1 (de) * 1980-07-18 1982-02-11 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Rohr zur indirekten waermebehandlung von rieselfaehigen stoffen, aus solchen rohren zusammengesetzter waermeaustauscher und bauteile zur fertigung der rohrbuendel
DE3133470C2 (de) * 1981-08-25 1988-03-24 Saarbergwerke AG, 6600 Saarbrücken Regeneratives Wärmeübertragungs- und Reinigungssystem
DE3225838A1 (de) * 1982-07-09 1984-01-12 Gadelius K.K., Tokyo Verfahren zur waermerueckgewinnung aus staubbeladenem gas
US5362449A (en) * 1991-02-26 1994-11-08 Applied Regenerative Tech. Co., Inc. Regenerative gas treatment
US6019160A (en) * 1998-12-16 2000-02-01 Abb Air Preheater, Inc. Heat transfer element assembly
DE102007027967A1 (de) * 2007-06-19 2008-12-24 Coperion Waeschle Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Kühlen oder Heizen von Schüttgut sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb einer derartigen Vorrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2700501T3 (es) 2019-02-18
EP2348272A2 (fr) 2011-07-27
EP2348272A3 (fr) 2015-08-26
DE102010005578A1 (de) 2011-07-28
PL2348272T3 (pl) 2019-02-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2384415A2 (fr) Module absorbeur solaire et agencement d'absorbeurs solaires
DE2804106C2 (de) Wärmetauscher
DE2705710C3 (de) Gegenstrombrennverfahren zur Erzeugung von Branntkalk und Schachtofen zur Durchfuhrung des Verfahrens
DE4014415A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur katalytischen oxidation der schaedlichen bestandteile in einem abgekuehlten traegergas eines verfahrenstechnischen prozesses
EP2348272B1 (fr) Échangeur thermique régénératif et procédé de transmission de chaleur entre deux matières solides
DE4212177C2 (de) Verbrennungsanlage
EP0427828B1 (fr) Chambre de chauffage dans des fours a coke et procede de chauffage
WO1996036840A1 (fr) Systeme de cheminee pour une chaudiere a condensation
EP2782661B1 (fr) Dispositif de calcination permettant de séparer du dioxyde de carbone d'une matière solide
DE102015101356A1 (de) Roststab mit Kühlmittel-Kanal
WO2008037099A1 (fr) Dispositif pour humidifier et purifier un flux d'air avec une pile de disques
DE3420117C2 (fr)
DE1501369C3 (de) Schachtförmiger Wärmetauscher
DE102012206704B4 (de) Abreinigung von mit mindestens einem Prozessfluid durchströmten Kanälen
DE10119258A1 (de) Adsorber-/Desorber-Wärmetauscher
DE3314757A1 (de) Rauchgasbeheizter waermetauscher fuer feuerungsanlagen mit schwefelhaltigen brennstoffen
EP0354506B1 (fr) Echangeur de chaleur pour fonctionner soit dans le mode "sec", soit dans le mode "humide"
AT510624B1 (de) Windkraftanlage
DE4029151C1 (fr)
DE2537951C3 (de) Vorrichtung zum Vorwärmen und Calcinieren körniger und stückiger Materialien
DE1758267C (de) Kuhlkamin
DE2640812A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum desorbieren und/oder regenerieren eines aus aktivkohle oder aktivkoks bestehenden granulats
DE2730674B2 (fr)
DE1401704B2 (de) Wärmetauscher mit in Schüttung aneinanderliegenden wandernden Masseteilchen
DE202017107527U1 (de) Industrieofen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: F28D 19/02 20060101ALI20150720BHEP

Ipc: F28D 19/04 20060101AFI20150720BHEP

Ipc: F28D 17/00 20060101ALI20150720BHEP

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20151123

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20180704

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1059901

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20181115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502011014927

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2700501

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20190218

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20181031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190228

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190131

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190201

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190301

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502011014927

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190121

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20190801

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20190131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190131

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190121

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 1059901

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190121

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190121

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20110121

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20220216

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20181031

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20230110

Year of fee payment: 13

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20230131

Year of fee payment: 13

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20230124

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20240402

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230122

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230122

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240119

Year of fee payment: 14