EP2346362B1 - Modular tobacco preparation including extrusion - Google Patents
Modular tobacco preparation including extrusion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2346362B1 EP2346362B1 EP09783300.8A EP09783300A EP2346362B1 EP 2346362 B1 EP2346362 B1 EP 2346362B1 EP 09783300 A EP09783300 A EP 09783300A EP 2346362 B1 EP2346362 B1 EP 2346362B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- preparation
- extrusion
- processes
- lamina
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims description 158
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 158
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000003517 Elaeocarpus dentatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208134 Nicotiana rustica Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B13/00—Tobacco for pipes, for cigars, e.g. cigar inserts, or for cigarettes; Chewing tobacco; Snuff
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/08—Blending tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of tobacco preparation in the context of the production of smoking articles, in particular cigarettes. Specifically, the invention relates to a modular tobacco preparation for processing raw tobacco to produce smokable cut tobacco or cigarettes.
- FIG. 5 A typical example of a specialized standard tobacco preparation according to the prior art is the FIG. 5 refer to.
- the different tobaccos have individual processing lines, and each box in FIG. 5 represents a process step with associated apparatus.
- the different apparatus are connected to conveying elements such as gutters or ribbons.
- a process step can often be represented by different apparatus, ie the drying step can, for example, in a drum dryer or air dryer be executed.
- the partially observed and evolutionary versatility of tobacco preparations is fundamentally opposed to the concern of standardization.
- the WO 2006/061117 A1 discloses a method for producing shredded tobacco material in which a tobacco raw material is heated and pressurized and the heated and pressurized material is guided under relaxation through a shear gap and defibered.
- tobacco preparation should be more compact overall in terms of space requirements and / or the time required.
- the tobacco preparation as process but also as a device arrangement to be handled better.
- a tobacco material is prepared by at least one extrusion process, which comprises compression with pressure and temperature increase and mechanical processing and sudden expansion drying of the material at an extruder outlet.
- the tobacco material which serves as input material here, according to the invention comprises a tobacco laminate material.
- the present invention may use an extrusion process to substantially accomplish the entire tobacco preparation process needed for a laminate material, that is, the highest quality tobacco material.
- extrusion is suitable not only for the preparation of tobacco by-products, such as dust, winnowings, cutter knockouts, Stem Fibers, Scraps, Short Stems, but also as an attractive and compact solution for a lamina tobacco preparation especially for a complete replacement of a conventional tobacco preparation.
- the realization is realized that such an extrusion is equivalent to a classical tobacco preparation in lines, with a great advantage is that space and energy can be saved and thus an environmentally friendly operation with increased process flexibility can be provided.
- the invention can realize an integrated mode of production without the tobacco by-products incurred and guaranteed high material yields.
- the practiced line specialization (Virginia, Burley, Orient, Rippen) can be maintained in principle.
- the tobacco laminate material or a tobacco material comprising such a tobacco laminate material can be processed more compactly and faster, and the economic importance of this knowledge according to the invention is considerable, since huge equipment for conditioning, threshing, drying, etc. can be superfluous.
- the tobacco material supplied as input material to the method according to the invention may comprise a tobacco laminate material and a tobacco rib material, in particular a mixture of a tobacco laminate material and a tobacco rib material, especially substantially all tobacco leaves.
- a tobacco laminate material and a tobacco rib material in particular a mixture of a tobacco laminate material and a tobacco rib material, especially substantially all tobacco leaves.
- the process can be fed either raw tobacco directly after harvesting as a whole leaf or after threshing in a green leaf threshing plant (GLT) separately as lamina (strips) and rib.
- Oriental tobaccos basically find their way as a whole leaf into the tobacco industry.
- the advantages of the possible delivery of mixtures of lamina (tobacco leaf) and ribs are obvious and relate to the merger of separate process steps. If full leaf is used, there is a high saving potential, because the threshing, ie the separation of rib and leaf, practically unnecessary.
- the method according to the invention comprises a plurality of extrusion processes, of which at least one material used as input material or a tobacco laminate material, wherein the extruded products produced by the respective extrusion processes together or in mixture form a tobacco preparation product.
- the advantage of such an arrangement is that the various tobacco materials can also be processed differently in the usual way.
- extrusion processes take place in parallel (temporal and spatial), and there is the possibility that one, two, three or more extrusion processes for tobacco laminate material are coupled with an extrusion process for tobacco rib material, the tobacco preparation product resulting from the products of these extrusion processes.
- a disclosed tobacco preparation unit has at least the following components: a metering conveyor and an extruder, which performs a compression of a tobacco material with pressure and temperature increase and a mechanical treatment and sudden relaxation drying of the material at the extruder outlet.
- the components are formed overall as a modular unit for processing a tobacco material comprising a tobacco laminate material.
- the tobacco preparation unit on the one hand in its smallest form necessary, but on the other hand with optional additional components a module, so a separate, self-contained unit, which allows flexible use and flexible handling, even spatial displacement.
- This modular design results in compact and universally applicable, in particular also transportable tobacco preparation units.
- the tobacco preparation aggregate may be configured to be suitable for performing a tobacco preparation process, as described above in various embodiments.
- the corresponding unit parts or device parts are provided for this purpose, which are necessary for carrying out the method steps.
- an arrangement of several tobacco preparation aggregates is to be designed to carry out one of the methods as explained above with regard to “several extrusion processes”. It is possible to provide an aggregate for each extrusion process and to collect the tobacco preparation products of aggregates for further processing in the smoking article manufacturing process, in particular to collect on a conveyor (belt conveyor, gutter conveyor, etc.).
- a smoking article or device with an aggregate or aggregate arrangement as described above in various embodiments.
- the aggregate or aggregate arrangement is preceded by a cigarette maker (secondary unit or cigarette manufacturing machine) as a tobacco preparation module (primary module), in particular placed directly on an interface.
- a tobacco preparation module primary module
- the modular tobacco preparation can be shipped anywhere because of their small footprint and high throughput and especially because of the wide adjustment options as far as the quality and quantity of the final product (conditioning in the extruder) and used instead of the previously required large-scale tobacco preparation systems. In particular, it may e.g. already shipped to tobacco manufacturing countries, where - for the reasons given above - can also save the Threshing, so that can be produced much faster, cheaper and more space-saving.
- the infrastructure of the cigarette factory is essentially relieved of capacity in terms of capacities of plants subject to emissions legislation, such as Dedusting plants, vapor treatment plants and wastewater treatment plants.
- the entire module still has the cooling unit 4, which serves to fix the structure and the extraction of adhering vapor.
- the feeding of this silo with whole packages can be carried out either with the aid of a slicer or a crusher before entering the mixing container.
- the thus pre-crushed bulk material can then be homogenized with a silo mixer and further processed.
- the extruder may include a heatable pressure chamber having a tobacco material inlet on the low pressure side and a tobacco material outlet on the pressure side, and a conveying direction (plug screw for conveying the tobacco material from the inlet to the outlet).
- the tobacco material outlet has a flow channel cross-section (defined by gap + profiling) for the passage of the tobacco material under relaxation, and the flow channel cross-section preferably has mutually movable gap walls, which may have roughening or profiling.
- the gap walls can also be moved away from each other and toward each other, biased towards the closed state of the gap and be movable against each other at a fixed or fixed distance (0.01 mm to 2 mm).
- the roughenings may be grooves or cross-profiles, and the gap may be one Annular gap, cylinder gap or a cone gap, the gap walls in particular against each other continuously or intermittently back and forth.
- the extruder screw may have measures that reduce the chamber volume to the area of the outlet, in particular degressive screw pitches or progressive extruder shafts, and it is possible to arrange mechanical pre-shredding or pre-shredding means in the pressure chamber. At the pressure chamber inlets for conditioning or casing or steam may be present.
- FIG. 2 shows variants in tabular form together with the number of extruders required (extruder cells or extruder modules).
- extruder cells or extruder modules When whole leaf is used without tobacco specialization, minimal extruder is necessary. Then, as in FIG. 1 shown, realized the mixing recipe in a silo of the extrusion module, and it is not differentiated, for example, Virginia, Burley, Orient and ribs process technology.
- the proportion of the scaffold cellulase corresponds to the natural content in the leaf and is therefore considered to be particularly advantageous in terms of product properties.
- Embodiments are claimed in which a separate extruder treatment of different tobacco materials or lamina varieties takes place, and in the second line shows the FIG. 1 a variant in which threshed tobacco used so rib and lamina are treated separately. For this minimal two extruders are necessary, and it can be set different cutting widths for rib and lamina or different Casingvariationen be selected.
- FIG. 3 One of the above versions is in the FIG. 3 1, wherein a rib processing module 10, a Virginia / Burley processing module 20 and an Orient module 30 each perform an extrusion tobacco preparation and then deliver the extruded product respectively via the conveyors 15, 25 and 35 to a common conveyor 50, then the Interface for further cigarette making or cigarette maker forms.
- the FIG. 4 shows as a whole a cigarette manufacturing device or a "small cigarette factory” with an extrusion module 40 (silo 1, metering screw 2, extruder 3, conveyor 55, dryer 4), which is directly upstream of a cigarette maker 60.
- the tobacco preparation module 40 thus belongs to one (or a small group of) cigarette machine (s) in quasi a 1: 1 relationship.
- a conception or the modular tobacco preparation it becomes possible to create independent manufacturing modules for tobacco preparation and cigarette production, and a future factory could consist of integer multiples of such mini-factories, as described in the FIG. 4 are shown. With this concept, an extensive flexibility of the cigarette production or the smoking article production is achieved.
- a performance adjustment with regard to the tobacco throughput to the cigarette machine requirement can be carried out either with the metering conveyor of the extruder itself (small adjustment range by speed variations) or with the number of extruders per silo (large adjustment range by multiplication of the basic unit).
- the flavoring can also be included here, for example as proven online flavoring during cigarette production. But you can also advance in a flavor drum together with a mixing of the material before it is passed on to the tobacco silo.
- An extrusion cell used in the Figures 3 and 4 can need a pitch of 15 x 15m with a capacity of up to 1000kg / h.
- resource-saving tobacco processing is provided and (energy, vapor attack etc.), without pretreatment of the tobacco material with a nearly 100% raw material yield in a compact extrusion module.
- various Virginia grades are provided in the form of strips and mixed in a silo 1 with cutting mixing organs for fibrous plant materials without moisturizing according to a recipe.
- the batch size is set to 4000 kg.
- the mixing additionally a comminution of the fragile leaf material is consciously accepted.
- the resulting dust serves to stabilize the process flow. It can be quite advantageous to make tobacco dust or other tobacco small materials from other sources to the recipe component.
- the batch prepared in this way is fed to the extruder 3 with the aid of a metering screw 2, where it is formed into a fibrous tobacco product as already described.
- the yield is almost 100%.
- the sudden expansion creates attractive filling capacities of eg 5.1 ml / g and the product is visually indistinguishable from the classic product.
- the dust or other small tobacco particles are bound during the compression and extrusion process to the resulting fibrous tobacco material, resulting in the high material yield.
- the produced cigarettes are of high quality and are easily in the range of the quality of the classical tobacco processing. In addition, they are visually indistinguishable from cigarettes that have been used for classic tobacco processing. The hardness of the cigarettes is even improved in the tobacco preparation according to the invention, namely reduced.
- the present invention thus makes it possible to produce a perfect smoke product with all the advantages mentioned with regard to the handling of tobacco preparation, its productivity, as well as the savings in parking space, energy and equipment costs.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft das Gebiet der Tabakvorbereitung im Rahmen der Herstellung von Rauchartikeln, insbesondere Zigaretten. Speziell betrifft die Erfindung eine modulare Tabakvorbereitung zur Verarbeitung von Rohtabak, um rauchfähigen Schnitttabak bzw. Zigaretten herzustellen.The invention relates to the field of tobacco preparation in the context of the production of smoking articles, in particular cigarettes. Specifically, the invention relates to a modular tobacco preparation for processing raw tobacco to produce smokable cut tobacco or cigarettes.
Bei der herkömmlichen Tabakverarbeitung werden die meisten Prozessschritte, wie das Konditionieren, Sossieren, Schneiden, Trocknen und Expandieren in separaten Standardapparaten wie Trommeln, Dämpftunneln, Luftstromtrocknern, Bandtrocknern usw. ausgeführt. All diesen Apparaten wird der Tabak als Schüttgut zugeführt. Während der Prozesse wird der Tabak im Allgemeinen keiner besonderen Kompression unterzogen; eine Ausnahme bildet hier lediglich das Tabakschneiden. Der Tabak wird also weitgehend mit seiner natürlichen Füllfähigkeit verarbeitet, und daraus ergeben sich großvolumige Apparate zur Verarbeitung, die in entsprechenden Gebäuden aufgestellt sein müssen.In conventional tobacco processing most of the process steps, such as conditioning, sifting, cutting, drying and expanding, are carried out in separate standard apparatuses such as drums, steaming tunnels, air-stream dryers, belt dryers and the like. All these apparatuses are fed with tobacco as bulk material. During the process, the tobacco is generally not subjected to any particular compression; an exception here is only tobacco cutting. The tobacco is thus largely processed with its natural filling capacity, and this results in large-volume processing equipment that must be placed in appropriate buildings.
Aus der
Ein typisches Beispiel einer spezialisierten Standardtabakvorbereitung gemäß dem Stand der Technik ist der
In der Regel sind Tabakvorbereitungsanlagen bei einer Konsolidierung von Werkstrukturen schwierig zu verlagern, da oftmals maßgeschneiderte Lösungen nicht ohne weiteres auf andere Standorte übertragen werden können.As a rule, tobacco preparation plants are difficult to relocate when consolidating plant structures, since often tailor-made solutions can not easily be transferred to other locations.
Aus der
Weiterhin ist in der
Die
Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Tabakvorbereitung zu optimieren. Insbesondere soll Tabakvorbereitung insgesamt kompakter werden und zwar bezüglich des Raumbedarfs und/oder des Zeitbedarfs. Unter anderem soll die Tabakvorbereitung als Verfahrensablauf aber auch als apparative Anordnung besser handhabbar werden.It is the object of the present invention to optimize tobacco preparation. In particular, tobacco preparation should be more compact overall in terms of space requirements and / or the time required. Among other things, the tobacco preparation as process but also as a device arrangement to be handled better.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Tabakvorbereitungsverfahren gemäß dem Anspruch 1 gelöst. Die Unteransprüche definieren bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.This object is achieved by a tobacco preparation method according to
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Tabakvorbereitungsverfahren wird ein Tabakmaterial durch mindestens einen Extrusionsprozess aufbereitet, welcher eine Verdichtung mit Druck und Temperaturerhöhung sowie eine mechanische Bearbeitung und schlagartige Entspannungstrocknung des Materials an einem Extruderauslass umfasst. Das Tabakmaterial, das hier als Eingangsmaterial dient, umfasst erfindungsgemäß ein Tabaklaminamaterial. Mit anderen Worten kann die vorliegende Erfindung ein Extrusionsverfahren benutzen, um damit im Wesentlichen den gesamten Tabakvorbereitungsablauf durchzuführen, der für ein Laminamaterial, also das hochwertigste Tabakmaterial, benötigt wird. Die Erfindung hat also erkannt, dass eine Extrusion nicht nur für die Aufbereitung von Tabak-Nebenprodukten, wie Staub, Winnowings, Cutter-Knockouts, Stem Fibres, Scraps, Short Stems, sondern auch als attraktive und kompakte Lösung für eine Lamina-Tabakvorbereitung geeignet ist, insbesondere für einen kompletten Ersatz einer herkömmlichen Tabakvorbereitung. Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird also die Erkenntnis umgesetzt, dass eine solche Extrusion gleichwertig zu einer klassischen Tabakvorbereitung in Linien anzusehen ist, wobei ein großer Vorteil darin besteht, dass Platz und Energie gespart werden und damit eine umweltfreundliche Betriebsweise mit erhöhter Prozessflexibilität bereitgestellt werden kann. Insbesondere kann die Erfindung eine integrierte Produktionsweise verwirklichen, ohne das Tabak-Nebenprodukte anfallen und mit garantiert hohen Materialausbeuten. Die praktizierte Linienspezialisierung (Virginia, Burley, Orient, Rippen) kann aber grundsätzlich beibehalten werden.In the tobacco preparation method according to the invention, a tobacco material is prepared by at least one extrusion process, which comprises compression with pressure and temperature increase and mechanical processing and sudden expansion drying of the material at an extruder outlet. The tobacco material, which serves as input material here, according to the invention comprises a tobacco laminate material. In other words, the present invention may use an extrusion process to substantially accomplish the entire tobacco preparation process needed for a laminate material, that is, the highest quality tobacco material. The invention has thus recognized that extrusion is suitable not only for the preparation of tobacco by-products, such as dust, winnowings, cutter knockouts, Stem Fibers, Scraps, Short Stems, but also as an attractive and compact solution for a lamina tobacco preparation especially for a complete replacement of a conventional tobacco preparation. With the present invention, therefore, the realization is realized that such an extrusion is equivalent to a classical tobacco preparation in lines, with a great advantage is that space and energy can be saved and thus an environmentally friendly operation with increased process flexibility can be provided. In particular, the invention can realize an integrated mode of production without the tobacco by-products incurred and guaranteed high material yields. The practiced line specialization (Virginia, Burley, Orient, Rippen) can be maintained in principle.
Was die Kompaktheit des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und seiner apparativen Umsetzung betrifft, so ergibt sich diese speziell aus der Verarbeitung eines komprimierten Produkts im Extruder, weil dadurch mehr Produkt in geringerer Zeit und auf einem geringeren Stellraum verarbeitet werden kann. Als kennzeichnende Größe für die Auslegung von Produktionsstätten und Behandlungsapparaten sind die Schüttdichte der Tabakmischung sowie die jährliche Sollkapazität anzusehen. Die Durchsatzleistung und damit die jährliche Kapazität ist eine festgelegte Größe, wohingegen die Schüttdichte, die in der Regel im Bereich von ca. 200 kg/m3 liegt, erfindungsgemäß beeinflusst werden kann. Weil es der Erfindung gelingt, durch die Extrusionsverarbeitung die Tabakverarbeitungsprozesse in einer "verdichteten Tabakphase" (bei ca. 800 kg/m3) laufen zu lassen, wird das Bearbeitungsvolumen auf ein Viertel reduziert. Weil in einem Extruder auch weitere Prozessschritte am verdichteten Tabakvolumen quasi gleichzeitig verrichtet werden können (z.B. Konditionierung), entstehen auch zeitliche Vorteile.As regards the compactness of the process according to the invention and its apparatus implementation, this results especially from the processing of a compressed product in the extruder, because this allows more product to be processed in a shorter time and on a smaller control room. Characteristic for the design of production facilities and treatment facilities are the bulk density of the tobacco mixture and the annual nominal capacity. The throughput and thus the annual capacity is a fixed size, whereas the bulk density, which is usually in the range of about 200 kg / m 3 , according to the invention can be influenced. Because the invention succeeds in allowing the tobacco processing processes to run in a "compressed tobacco phase" (at about 800 kg / m 3 ) by extrusion processing, the processing volume is reduced to one quarter. Because in an extruder also further process steps on compacted tobacco volumes can be performed at the same time (eg conditioning), there are also time advantages.
Es kann also erfindungsgemäß das Tabaklaminamaterial oder ein Tabakmaterial, das ein solches Tabaklaminamaterial umfasst, kompakter und schneller verarbeitet werden, und die wirtschaftliche Bedeutung dieser erfindungsgemäßen Erkenntnis ist beträchtlich, da riesige Anlagen zum Konditionieren, Dreschen, Trocknen usw. überflüssig werden können.Thus, according to the invention, the tobacco laminate material or a tobacco material comprising such a tobacco laminate material can be processed more compactly and faster, and the economic importance of this knowledge according to the invention is considerable, since huge equipment for conditioning, threshing, drying, etc. can be superfluous.
Das Tabakmaterial, das dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren als Eingangsmaterial zugeführt wird, kann ein Tabaklaminamaterial und ein Tabakrippenmaterial umfassen, insbesondere ein Gemisch aus einem Tabaklaminamaterial und einem Tabakrippenmaterial, speziell im Wesentlichen auch ganze Tabakblätter. Hier zeigt sich einer der größten Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung, insbesondere bei der Gemischverarbeitung. Dem Verfahren kann nämlich entweder gereifter (curing) Rohtabak direkt nach der Ernte als Ganzblatt oder nach dem Dreschen in einer "Green Leaf Threshing Plant" (GLT), getrennt als Lamina (Strips) und Rippe zugeführt werden. Orienttabake finden grundsätzlich den Weg als Ganzblatt in die Tabakindustrie. Die Vorteile der möglichen Zuführung von Mischungen aus Lamina (Tabakblatt) und Rippen liegen klar auf der Hand und betreffen die Zusammenführung von separaten Prozessschritten. Wenn Ganzblatt verwendet wird, ergibt sich ein hohes Einsparungspotential, weil sich das Dreschen, also das Trennen von Rippe und Blatt, praktisch erübrigt.The tobacco material supplied as input material to the method according to the invention may comprise a tobacco laminate material and a tobacco rib material, in particular a mixture of a tobacco laminate material and a tobacco rib material, especially substantially all tobacco leaves. This shows one of the greatest advantages of the present invention, in particular in the mixture processing. Namely, the process can be fed either raw tobacco directly after harvesting as a whole leaf or after threshing in a green leaf threshing plant (GLT) separately as lamina (strips) and rib. Oriental tobaccos basically find their way as a whole leaf into the tobacco industry. The advantages of the possible delivery of mixtures of lamina (tobacco leaf) and ribs are obvious and relate to the merger of separate process steps. If full leaf is used, there is a high saving potential, because the threshing, ie the separation of rib and leaf, practically unnecessary.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren umfasst mehrere Extrusionsprozesse, von denen mindestens einer als Eingangsmaterial bzw. aufzubereitendes Material ein Tabaklaminamaterial verwendet, wobei die durch die jeweiligen Extrusionsprozesse erzeugten Extrusionsprodukte zusammen bzw. im Gemisch ein Tabakvorbereitungsprodukt bilden. Der Vorteil einer solchen Anordnung liegt darin, dass die verschiedenen Tabakmaterialien auch in üblicher Weise unterschiedlich aufbereitet werden können.The method according to the invention comprises a plurality of extrusion processes, of which at least one material used as input material or a tobacco laminate material, wherein the extruded products produced by the respective extrusion processes together or in mixture form a tobacco preparation product. The advantage of such an arrangement is that the various tobacco materials can also be processed differently in the usual way.
Einer der Extrusionsprozesse kann Tabakrippenmaterial aufbereiten, während mehrere Extrusionsprozesse des Tabakvorbereitungsverfahrens als Eingangsmaterial bzw. aufzubereitendes Material ein Tabaklaminamaterial verwenden können, insbesondere zwei oder drei Prozesse, wobei:
- bei zwei Prozessen insbesondere Burley-Tabaklaminamaterial einerseits und ein Gemisch von Virginia- und Orient-Tabaklaminamaterial andererseits getrennt aufbereitet werden, und
- bei drei Prozessen insbesondere Burley-Tabaklaminamaterial, Virginia-Tabaklaminamaterial und Orient-Tabaklaminamaterial getrennt aufbereitet werden.
- two processes in particular Burley-Tabaklaminamaterial on the one hand and a mixture of Virginia and Oriental Tobacco Lamamaterial on the other hand are treated separately, and
- in particular, Burley tobacco laminate material, Virginia tobacco laminate material and Orient tobacco laminate material are separately processed in three processes.
Die aufgezeigten Extrusionsprozesse finden parallel zueinander statt (zeitlich und räumlich), und es besteht die Möglichkeit, dass ein, zwei, drei- oder mehr Extrusionsprozesse für Tabaklaminamaterial mit einem Extrusionsprozess für Tabakrippenmaterial gekoppelt werden, wobei das Tabakvorbereitungsprodukt sich aus den Produkten dieser Extrusionsprozesse ergibt.The indicated extrusion processes take place in parallel (temporal and spatial), and there is the possibility that one, two, three or more extrusion processes for tobacco laminate material are coupled with an extrusion process for tobacco rib material, the tobacco preparation product resulting from the products of these extrusion processes.
Ein offenbartes Tabakvorbereitungsaggregat weist mindestens die folgenden Komponenten auf: einen Dosierförderer und einen Extruder, der eine Verdichtung eines Tabakmaterials mit Druck- und Temperaturerhöhung sowie eine mechanische Bearbeitung und schlagartige Entspannungstrocknung des Materials am Extruderauslass vornimmt. Die Komponenten sind insgesamt als modular abgrenzbare Einheit zur Verarbeitung eines Tabakmaterials ausgebildet, welches ein Tabaklaminamaterial umfasst. Mit anderen Worten stellt das Tabakvorbereitungsaggregat einerseits in seiner kleinstnotwendigen Form, andererseits aber auch mit optionalen Zusatzkomponenten ein Modul, also eine separate, in sich geschlossene Einheit dar, welche einen flexiblen Einsatz und eine flexible Handhabung, auch räumliche Versetzung gestattet. Durch diese modulare Ausgestaltung entstehen kompakte und überall einsetzbare, insbesondere auch verschiffbare Tabakvorbereitungsaggregate.A disclosed tobacco preparation unit has at least the following components: a metering conveyor and an extruder, which performs a compression of a tobacco material with pressure and temperature increase and a mechanical treatment and sudden relaxation drying of the material at the extruder outlet. The components are formed overall as a modular unit for processing a tobacco material comprising a tobacco laminate material. In other words, the tobacco preparation unit on the one hand in its smallest form necessary, but on the other hand with optional additional components a module, so a separate, self-contained unit, which allows flexible use and flexible handling, even spatial displacement. This modular design results in compact and universally applicable, in particular also transportable tobacco preparation units.
In einer erweiterten Ausführungsform, aber noch immer in Modul-Zusammenstellung (in zusammengehörigen einzelnen Einheiten, die immer in gleicher oder ähnlicher Weise kombiniert werden können und so eine räumliche Einheit bilden) umfasst das Tabakvorbereitungsaggregat noch mindestens eine der folgenden Komponenten:
- einen dem Dosierförderer vorgeschalteten Tabakmaterialspeicher (1); und
- eine dem Extruder nachgeschaltete Kühlvorrichtung (4) für das extrudierte Tabakvorbereitungsprodukt.
- a tobacco material storage (1) upstream of the dosing conveyor; and
- a downstream of the extruder cooling device (4) for the extruded tobacco preparation product.
Natürlich kann das Tabakvorbereitungsaggregat so ausgestaltet sein, dass es zur Durchführung eines Tabakvorbereitungsverfahrens geeignet ist, wie es oben in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen beschrieben worden ist. Insbesondere werden dazu die entsprechenden Aggregatsteile bzw. Vorrichtungsteile bereitgestellt, die zum Ausführen der Verfahrensschritte notwendig sind.Of course, the tobacco preparation aggregate may be configured to be suitable for performing a tobacco preparation process, as described above in various embodiments. In particular, the corresponding unit parts or device parts are provided for this purpose, which are necessary for carrying out the method steps.
Im gleichen Sinne ist eine Anordnung von mehreren Tabakvorbereitungsaggregaten zur Durchführung eines der Verfahren geeignet auszugestalten, wie sie oben im Hinblick "auf mehrere Extrusionsprozesse" erläutert wurden. Dabei ist es möglich, für jeden Extrusionsprozess ein Aggregat vorzusehen und die Tabakvorbereitungsprodukte der Aggregate zur Weiterverarbeitung im Rauchartikelherstellungsprozess zu sammeln, insbesondere auf einem Förderer zu sammeln (Bandförderer, Rinnenförderer etc.).In the same sense, an arrangement of several tobacco preparation aggregates is to be designed to carry out one of the methods as explained above with regard to "several extrusion processes". It is possible to provide an aggregate for each extrusion process and to collect the tobacco preparation products of aggregates for further processing in the smoking article manufacturing process, in particular to collect on a conveyor (belt conveyor, gutter conveyor, etc.).
Für jedes Aggregat kann ein Tabakmaterialspeicher mit jeweils einem anderen Eingangsmaterial oder einer anderen Eingangsmaterialkombination vorgesehen sein, wobei das Eingangsmaterial oder die Eingangsmaterialkombination insbesondere eines oder eine Kombination der folgenden Materialien umfasst:
- Burley-Tabaklaminamaterial;
- Virginia-Tabaklaminamaterial;
- Orient-Tabaklaminamaterial;
- Tabakrippenmaterial.
- Burley tobacco lamina;
- Virginia tobacco lamina;
- Orient tobacco lamina;
- Tobacco stem material.
Das genannte Aggregat oder die Aggregate einer Aggregatsanordnung sind gemäß vorteilhaften Ausführungsformen durch mindestens eines der folgenden Merkmale gekennzeichnet:
- mindestens einer der Tabakmaterialspeicher ist ein Silo, speziell ein hochgestellter Silo, aus dem das Tabakmaterial nach unten durch Schwerkrafteinwirkung abgegeben wird;
- der Dosierförderer ist ein Schneckenförderer;
- der Extruder ist ein Schneckenextruder mit verstellbarem Scherspaltauslass;
- die Kühlvorrichtung ist ein Förderbandkühler;
- das Tabakvorbereitungsprodukt wird durch ein Förderband vom jeweiligen Aggregat abtransportiert, und gegebenenfalls werden die Produkte mehrerer Aggregate auf einem Förderband gesammelt.
- at least one of the tobacco material stores is a silo, especially a raised silo, from which the tobacco material is discharged downwardly by gravity;
- the dosing conveyor is a screw conveyor;
- the extruder is a screw extruder with adjustable shear gap outlet;
- the cooling device is a conveyor belt cooler;
- the tobacco preparation product is removed by a conveyor belt from the respective unit, and optionally the products of several aggregates are collected on a conveyor belt.
Ferner ist eine Rauchartikel- bzw. Zigarettenherstellungsvorrichtung mit einem Aggregat oder einer Aggregatsanordnung offenbart, wie sie oben in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen beschrieben worden sind. Das Aggregat oder die Aggregatsanordnung ist dabei als Tabakvorbereitungsmodul (Primary-Modul) einem Zigarettenmaker (Secondary-Einheit oder Zigarettenherstellungsmaschine) vorgeschaltet, insbesondere unmittelbar an einer Schnittstelle vorgesetzt. Hier wird die universelle und optimale Einsetzbarkeit bzw. Handhabbarkeit der modularen Tabakvorbereitung mit all ihren Vorteilen ersichtlich. Die modulare Tabakvorbereitung kann wegen ihres geringen Platzbedarfs und ihres hohen Durchsatzes und insbesondere auch wegen der breiten Einstellungsmöglichkeiten was die Qualität und Quantität des Endproduktes betrifft (Konditionierung im Extruder) überallhin verschifft und anstelle der bisher notwendigen großflächigen Tabakvorbereitungsanlagen eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere kann sie z.B. schon in Tabak-Herstellungsländer verschifft werden, wo man - aus den oben angegebenen Gründen - auch noch die Drescheinrichtung einsparen kann, so dass erheblich schneller, günstiger und platzsparender produziert werden kann.Further disclosed is a smoking article or device with an aggregate or aggregate arrangement as described above in various embodiments. The aggregate or aggregate arrangement is preceded by a cigarette maker (secondary unit or cigarette manufacturing machine) as a tobacco preparation module (primary module), in particular placed directly on an interface. Here is the universal and optimal usability or handling of modular tobacco preparation with all its advantages visible. The modular tobacco preparation can be shipped anywhere because of their small footprint and high throughput and especially because of the wide adjustment options as far as the quality and quantity of the final product (conditioning in the extruder) and used instead of the previously required large-scale tobacco preparation systems. In particular, it may e.g. already shipped to tobacco manufacturing countries, where - for the reasons given above - can also save the Threshing, so that can be produced much faster, cheaper and more space-saving.
In ihrer Grundkonzeption und in ihren verschiedenen Ausführungsformen setzt die Tabakvorbereitung also die folgenden Merkmale um:
- Prozessschritte herkömmlicher Tabakvorbereitungen werden kombiniert oder ganz eliminiert, und zusätzlich wird durch eine "verdichtete Arbeitsweise" umschlossenes Gebäudevolumen (Gebäudefläche) eingespart. Das Feuchteprofil kann beim Durchlauf zwischen Anlieferungsfeuchte und Verarbeitungsfeuchte auf maximal 25% einmalig variiert werden, was natürlich den Energieverbrauch und den Anfall von Brüden und Abgasen beträchtlich reduziert. Darüber hinaus entfallen bestehende Einschränkungen bezüglich der Wahl der Ausgangsmaterialien; es kann sogar Ganzblatt verwendet werden. Prozessschritte, die eingespart bzw. ersetzt werden können, sind im Wesentlichen mindestens einige der folgenden:
- Entrippungsprozess in der "Green Leaf Threshing Plant", weil eine Ganzblattverarbeitung grundsätzlich möglich ist;
- typische Konditionier- und Schneiderlinien;
- Burley-Prozess-Toasten (Doppeltrocknung);
- Tabaktrocknung durch Kontakt an warmen (heißen) Oberflächen in Trommeln bzw. durch Konvektion in Luftstromtrocknern, Wirbelschichttrocknern oder durch kapazitive Trocknung in Schneckenförderelementen wie Extrudern; und
- Apparate zur Flavourisierung.
- Process steps of conventional tobacco preparations are combined or eliminated altogether, and in addition, a building volume enclosed by a "condensed mode of operation" (building area) is saved. The moisture profile can be varied once during the passage between delivery moisture and moisture content to a maximum of 25%, which of course considerably reduces the energy consumption and the accumulation of vapors and exhaust gases. In addition, there are no existing restrictions on the choice of starting materials; it can even Full leaf can be used. Process steps that can be saved or replaced are essentially at least some of the following:
- Dipping process in the "Green Leaf Threshing Plant", because a whole leaf processing is basically possible;
- typical conditioning and tailoring lines;
- Burley process toasting (double drying);
- Tobacco drying by contact on warm (hot) surfaces in drums or by convection in air-flow dryers, fluidized bed dryers or by capacitive drying in screw conveyor elements such as extruders; and
- Apparatus for flavoring.
Die Infrastruktur der Zigarettenfabrik wird im Wesentlichen kapazitätsmäßig von Anlagen entlastet, die der Emissionsgesetzgebung unterliegen, wie z.B. Entstaubungsanlagen, Brüdenaufbereitungsanlagen und Abwasseraufbereitungsanlagen.The infrastructure of the cigarette factory is essentially relieved of capacity in terms of capacities of plants subject to emissions legislation, such as Dedusting plants, vapor treatment plants and wastewater treatment plants.
Die Erfindung wird im Weiteren mit Bezug auf die beiliegenden Figuren näher erläutert. Sie kann die hierin beschriebenen Merkmale einzeln sowie in jedweder Kombination umfassen und als Verfahren den entsprechenden zuordnungsfähigen Merkmalen verstanden werden. In den beiliegenden Zeichnungen zeigen:
Figur 1- eine schematische Darstellung eines Extrusions-Tabakvorbereitungsmoduls;
Figur 2- Varianten einer Aggregatsanordnung in Tabellenform;
Figur 3- mehrere Tabakvorbereitungsaggregate für unterschiedliche Tabakmaterialien, zusammengeschaltet zu einem Produktionsmodul;
Figur 4- die Zusammenschaltung eines Tabakvorbereitungsmoduls mit einem Zigarettenmaker, zu einer Zigarettenherstellungsanlage bzw. Zigarettenfabrik in schematischer Darstellung; und
- Figur 5
- die herkömmliche Tabakvorbereitung für verschiedene Tabakmaterialien als Ablaufdiagramm, auf das einleitend bei der Erörterung des Stand des Technik Bezug genommen wurde.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic representation of an extrusion tobacco preparation module;
- FIG. 2
- Variants of an aggregate arrangement in tabular form;
- FIG. 3
- a plurality of tobacco preparation aggregates for different tobacco materials interconnected to a production module;
- FIG. 4
- the interconnection of a tobacco preparation module with a cigarette maker, to a cigarette manufacturing plant or cigarette factory in a schematic representation; and
- FIG. 5
- the conventional tobacco preparation for various tobacco materials as a flowchart, which was initially referred to in the discussion of the prior art.
Bei der Ausführungsform, die in der
- Konditionierung mit Wasser/Dampf ggfs. zusätzlich Casing;
- Verdichtung, Mischen, Erhitzen, Verweilen, Geschmacksbildung, Aromatisierung;
- Formgebung von in der Länge geschnittenen Tabakfasern zu einem Tabakhaufwerk unter Entspannungstrocknung bei gleichzeitiger Wiederherstellung der natürlichen Füllfähigkeit durch Expansion auf Umgebungsdruck.
- Conditioning with water / steam if necessary additionally casing;
- Compacting, mixing, heating, lingering, flavoring, flavoring;
- Shaping length-cut tobacco fibers into a tabacco-run under relaxation-drying while restoring natural fillability by expansion to ambient pressure.
Schließlich weist das gesamte Modul noch die Kühleinheit 4 auf, die der Fixierung der Struktur und der Extraktion von anhaftendem Dampf dient. Was den Mischsilo 1 betrifft, so kann das Beschicken dieses Silos mit ganzen Packstücken entweder mit Hilfe eines Slicers oder eines Brechers vor Eintritt in das Mischbehältnis durchgeführt werden. Ferner kann das so vorgebrochene Schüttgut dann mit einem Silo-Mischwerk homogenisiert und weiter verarbeitet werden.Finally, the entire module still has the
Zu dem Extruder ist anzumerken, dass er eine beheizbare Druckkammer aufweisen kann, die einen Tabakmaterial-Einlass auf der Niederdruckseite und einen Tabakmaterial-Auslass auf der Druckseite sowie eine Förderrichtung (Stopfschnecke zum Fördern des Tabakmaterials vom Einlass zum Auslass) aufweisen kann. Der Tabakmaterial-Auslass weist einen Strömungskanalquerschnitt (definiert durch Spalt+Profilierung) für den Durchgang des Tabakmaterials unter Entspannung auf, und der Strömungskanalquerschnitt hat vorzugsweise gegeneinander bewegbare Spaltwände, die Aufrauhungen oder Profilierungen aufweisen können. Die Spaltwände können ferner voneinander weg und aufeinander zu bewegbar, zum geschlossenen Zustand des Spalts hin vorgespannt und im festen oder fest einstellbaren Abstand gegeneinander beweglich sein (0,01 mm bis 2mm). Die Aufrauungen können Rillen oder Kreuzprofilierungen sein, und der Spalt kann einen Ringspalt, Zylinderspalt oder ein Kegelspalt sein, dessen Spaltwände insbesondere gegeneinander kontinuierlich oder intermittierend hin- und herbewegbar sind. Die Extruderschnecke kann zum Bereich des Auslasses hin das Kammervolumen mindernde Maßnahmen aufweisen, insbesondere degressive Schneckensteigungen oder progressive Extruderwellen, und es besteht die Möglichkeit in der Druckkammer mechanische Vorzerkleinerungsmittel bzw. Vorzerfaserungsmittel anzuordnen. An der Druckkammer können Einlässe für Konditionierungs- oder Casingmittel bzw. Dampf vorhanden sein.It should be noted that the extruder may include a heatable pressure chamber having a tobacco material inlet on the low pressure side and a tobacco material outlet on the pressure side, and a conveying direction (plug screw for conveying the tobacco material from the inlet to the outlet). The tobacco material outlet has a flow channel cross-section (defined by gap + profiling) for the passage of the tobacco material under relaxation, and the flow channel cross-section preferably has mutually movable gap walls, which may have roughening or profiling. The gap walls can also be moved away from each other and toward each other, biased towards the closed state of the gap and be movable against each other at a fixed or fixed distance (0.01 mm to 2 mm). The roughenings may be grooves or cross-profiles, and the gap may be one Annular gap, cylinder gap or a cone gap, the gap walls in particular against each other continuously or intermittently back and forth. The extruder screw may have measures that reduce the chamber volume to the area of the outlet, in particular degressive screw pitches or progressive extruder shafts, and it is possible to arrange mechanical pre-shredding or pre-shredding means in the pressure chamber. At the pressure chamber inlets for conditioning or casing or steam may be present.
Die beiliegende
Es sind Ausführungsformen beansprucht, bei denen eine getrennte Extruder-Behandlung unterschiedlicher Tabakmaterialien bzw. Lamina-Sorten stattfindet, und in der zweiten Zeile zeigt die
Wenn gemäß der dritten und vierten Variante in
Es sind natürlich Kombinationen möglich, wie beispielsweise die getrennte Verarbeitung nach Rippe und Blatt, wobei Burley, Virginia und Orient gemeinsam in einem Extrusionsmodul prozessiert werden.Of course, combinations are possible, such as rib and blade separate processing, Burley, Virginia and Orient being processed together in an extrusion module.
Eine der vorgenannten Versionen ist in der
Die
Eine Leistungsanpassung hinsichtlich des Tabak-Durchsatzes an den Zigarettenmaschinenbedarf (Maker-Bedarf) kann entweder mit dem Dosierförderer des Extruders selbst (kleiner Stellbereich durch Drehzahlvariationen) oder mit der Anzahl der Extruder pro Silo (großer Stellbereich durch Vervielfachung der Grundeinheit) durchgeführt werden. Auch die Aromatisierung kann hiermit einbezogen werden, beispielsweise als bewährte Online-Aromatisierung während der Zigarettenherstellung. Sie kann aber auch vorab in einer Flavourtrommel zusammen mit einem Mischen des Materials geführt werden, bevor es an den Tabaksilo weitergegeben wird.A performance adjustment with regard to the tobacco throughput to the cigarette machine requirement (Maker requirement) can be carried out either with the metering conveyor of the extruder itself (small adjustment range by speed variations) or with the number of extruders per silo (large adjustment range by multiplication of the basic unit). The flavoring can also be included here, for example as proven online flavoring during cigarette production. But you can also advance in a flavor drum together with a mixing of the material before it is passed on to the tobacco silo.
Eine Extrusionszelle, die in den
Bei einem Verfahrensbeispiel für die Tabakaufbereitung werden verschiedene Virginia-Grades in Form von Strips bereitgestellt und in einem Silo 1 mit schneidenden Mischorganen für faserförmige Pflanzenmaterialien ohne Feuchtung entsprechend eines Rezeptes gemischt. Die Batchgröße wird dabei auf 4000 kg festgelegt. Während des Mischens wird zusätzlich eine Zerkleinerung des bruchempfindlichen Blattmaterials bewusst in Kauf genommen. Der dabei entstehende Staub dient zur Stabilisierung des Prozessablaufes. Es kann durchaus vorteilhaft sein, noch Tabakstaub oder andere Tabakkleinmaterialien aus weiteren Quellen zum Rezeptbestandteil zu machen.In a process example for tobacco processing, various Virginia grades are provided in the form of strips and mixed in a
Das so vorbereitete Batch wird mit Hilfe einer Dosierschnecke 2 dem Extruder 3 zugeführt und dort wie bereits beschrieben, zu einem faserförmigen Tabakprodukt ausgeformt.The batch prepared in this way is fed to the
Die Ausbeute beträgt dabei nahezu 100%. Durch die schlagartige Expansion entstehen ansprechende Füllfähigkeiten von z.B. 5,1 ml/g und das Produkt ist visuell vom klassischen Produkt nicht unterscheidbar. Der Staub bzw. andere Tabakkleinteile werden während des Verdichtungs- und Extrusionsprozesses an das entstehende faserige Tabakmaterial gebunden, was zu der hohen Materialausbeute führt. Die gefertigten Zigaretten sind qualitativ hochwertig und liegen ohne weiteres im Bereich der Qualität der klassischen Tabakaufbereitung. Darüber hinaus sind sie visuell nicht von Zigaretten zu unterscheiden, bei denen eine klassische Tabakaufbereitung verwendet worden ist. Die Härte der Zigaretten wird bei der erfindungsgemäßen Tabakvorbereitung sogar verbessert, nämlich verringert.The yield is almost 100%. The sudden expansion creates attractive filling capacities of eg 5.1 ml / g and the product is visually indistinguishable from the classic product. The dust or other small tobacco particles are bound during the compression and extrusion process to the resulting fibrous tobacco material, resulting in the high material yield. The produced cigarettes are of high quality and are easily in the range of the quality of the classical tobacco processing. In addition, they are visually indistinguishable from cigarettes that have been used for classic tobacco processing. The hardness of the cigarettes is even improved in the tobacco preparation according to the invention, namely reduced.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht also die Erzeugung eines einwandfreien Rauchproduktes mit allen genannten Vorteilen hinsichtlich der Handhabbarkeit der Tabakvorbereitung, ihrer Produktivität, sowie der Ersparnis an Stellplatz, Energie- und Anlagenaufwand.The present invention thus makes it possible to produce a perfect smoke product with all the advantages mentioned with regard to the handling of tobacco preparation, its productivity, as well as the savings in parking space, energy and equipment costs.
Claims (5)
- Tobacco preparation method in which a tobacco material is treated by at least one extrusion process, which process comprises compacting with an increase in pressure and temperature and also mechanical processing and abrupt flash drying of the material at an extruder outlet, wherein the tobacco material comprises a tobacco lamina material, characterised in that the tobacco preparation method comprises a plurality of extrusion processes for different tobacco materials, at least one of which uses a tobacco lamina material as the starting material or material to be treated, wherein the extrusion products produced by the respective extrusion processes form, together or in mixture, a tobacco preparation product, wherein the extrusion processes take place in parallel.
- Tobacco preparation method according to claim 1, in which the tobacco material comprises a tobacco lamina material and a tobacco stem material, in particular comprises a mixture of a tobacco lamina material and tobacco stem material, especially substantially whole tobacco leaves.
- Tobacco preparation method according to claim 1, in which one of the extrusion processes treats a tobacco stem material.
- Tobacco preparation method according to claim 1, in which a plurality of its extrusion processes use a tobacco lamina material as the starting material or material to be treated, in particular two or three processes, wherein:- in two processes, in particular Burley tobacco lamina material on the one hand and a mixture of Virginia and Oriental tobacco lamina material on the other are treated separately, and- in three processes, in particular Burley tobacco lamina material, Virginia tobacco lamina material and Oriental tobacco lamina material are treated separately.
- Tobacco preparation method according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which one, two, three or more extrusion processes for tobacco lamina material are coupled with an extrusion process for tobacco stem material and the tobacco preparation product is produced from the products of these extrusion processes.
Priority Applications (2)
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PL09783300T PL2346362T3 (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2009-09-22 | Modular tobacco preparation including extrusion |
EP14150347.4A EP2730180B1 (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2009-09-22 | Tobacco preparation product |
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DE102008052209.0A DE102008052209B4 (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2008-10-17 | Modular tobacco preparation with extrusion |
PCT/EP2009/062287 WO2010043477A1 (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2009-09-22 | Modular tobacco preparation including extrusion |
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EP14150347.4A Division-Into EP2730180B1 (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2009-09-22 | Tobacco preparation product |
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2008
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US10398166B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 |
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CA2732713C (en) | 2013-11-12 |
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EP2730180B1 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
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CN102186365B (en) | 2015-02-11 |
UA99676C2 (en) | 2012-09-10 |
CN102186365A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
US9351519B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 |
PL2346362T3 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
CA2732713A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
JP5439490B2 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
US20190357588A1 (en) | 2019-11-28 |
AU2009304133B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
ZA201100668B (en) | 2011-10-26 |
BRPI0919157A2 (en) | 2015-12-08 |
RU2011119475A (en) | 2012-11-27 |
EP2346362A1 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
US20110284015A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
DE102008052209B4 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
WO2010043477A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
RU2504305C2 (en) | 2014-01-20 |
DE102008052209A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
MY151344A (en) | 2014-05-15 |
AU2009304133A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
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