EP2335997A1 - Conveying system - Google Patents

Conveying system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2335997A1
EP2335997A1 EP10015308A EP10015308A EP2335997A1 EP 2335997 A1 EP2335997 A1 EP 2335997A1 EP 10015308 A EP10015308 A EP 10015308A EP 10015308 A EP10015308 A EP 10015308A EP 2335997 A1 EP2335997 A1 EP 2335997A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trolley
signal
leading
unit
trailing
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP10015308A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2335997B1 (en
Inventor
Felix Buckstegge
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Eisenmann SE
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Eisenmann SE
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B3/00—Elevated railway systems with suspended vehicles
    • B61B3/02—Elevated railway systems with suspended vehicles with self-propelled vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/34—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for indicating the distance between vehicles or trains by the transmission of signals therebetween

Definitions

  • the speed of the trolley is adjusted depending on the existing distance or a possible change in distance to the leading trolley by the trolley control.
  • trailing and leading do not mean that a correspondingly designated trolley in motion have to be. Even a stationary trolley can be trailing or leading to a correspondingly positioned further transport vehicle.
  • the basic safety distance to be maintained between two transport vehicles is thus relatively large, which has an overall negative effect on the capacity of the conveyor system, ie on the number of transport vehicles per route length.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that bidirectional communication between trailing and leading trolleys is not absolutely necessary in order to allow, at least in certain sections of the rail system, that the safety distance between two trolleys can be kept smaller than the basic safety distance. Rather, it is sufficient if only the trailing dolly receives information about the leading dolly.
  • the invention is based in particular on the finding that, at least in certain, especially - but not only - in rectilinear section of the rail system, the distance between two moving dolly smaller can be as the basic safety distance, as well as the moving leading trolley in a braking operation only covers a certain braking distance until it stops. This will be explained again in more detail below.
  • At least one 1-bit signal can be generated by means of the signal transmission device, by means of which two different states of the at least one motion parameter of the preceding transport carriage can be displayed, in particular the presence or absence of a specific motion parameter.
  • the signal transmitting device of the leading trolley comprises a first transmitting unit and a second transmitting unit, for example, information on two movement parameters of the leading trolley can be transmitted to the trailing trolley.
  • the transmitting device can advantageously be kept very simple, since it is sufficient if in each case a 1-bit signal can be generated with the first transmitting unit and with the second transmitting unit, so that by means of the first transmitting unit two different states of a first movement parameter and by means of the second Sending unit two different states of a second motion parameter of the leading trolley can be displayed.
  • the signal receiving device of the trailing trolley comprises a first receiving unit, which cooperates with the first transmitting unit, and a second receiving unit which cooperates with the second transmitting unit.
  • the communication system can be kept particularly simple if it works optically and / or acoustically.
  • the signal transmission device or optionally the first transmission unit and / or the second transmission unit emits IR radiation. Also light of other wavelengths, also in the visible range, can be used.
  • the signal transmission device or optionally the first transmission unit and / or the second transmission unit emits ultrasonic waves. Also tones of other frequencies, also in the audible range, can be used.
  • the conveyor system is designed in the manner of an electric overhead conveyor or a floor conveyor system, it can be used in many ways.
  • FIG. 1 is denoted by 10 in total one designed in the manner of a monorail conveyor system for transporting objects, of which a section is shown.
  • the conveyor system 10 comprises a guide rail system 12 with a mounting rail 14.
  • the support rail 14 is formed in a conventional manner as an I-profile and suspended in a conventional manner to a support structure not shown here.
  • the conveyor system 10 also includes a plurality of trolleys 16, of which in FIG. 1 three trolleys 16 are shown and which are movable on the support rail 14.
  • sliding lines which serve the power supply of the trolley 16 and the signal transmission from a non-own shown central control to this.
  • Such sliding lines and the control of the trolley 16 correspond to the prior art.
  • Each trolley 16 includes a support rail 14 encompassing chassis 20, which supports at least one rolling on top of the support rails 14 support roller 22 which receives the transported by the respective transport carriage 16 load.
  • Each trolley 16 is driven by means of an electric motor 24, the above mentioned Conductor lines energized in the usual manner and is controlled by the aforementioned central control as usual via a trolley controller 48.
  • the chassis 20 is protected by measures known per se against tilting and tilting against a vertical and a horizontal plane.
  • each comprise a transport hanger 26, which is connected via a coupling member 28 to the chassis 20 of the trolley 16.
  • Each trolley 16 comprises a distance sensor 30, by means of which the distance to a mounted on the leading trolley 16 reflector 32 - and thus to the leading trolley 16 itself - can be determined. This is in FIG. 1 indicated by a dotted line between two consecutive trolley 16. Distance sensor / reflector systems are known per se, so it need not be discussed further here.
  • the conveyor system 10 also includes a wireless communication system 34, by means of which a leading trolley 16 with this trailing trolley 16 can communicate unidirectionally in the direction of the leading trolley 16 to the trailing trolley 16. This is indicated by dashed arrows that do not bear a special reference number.
  • each trolley 16 carries a signal transmitting device 36 and a signal receiving device 38. These are arranged so that the signal receiving device 38 of a trailing trolley 16 can each cooperate with the signal transmitting device of this leading trolley 16.
  • the signal transmission device 36 comprises two transmission units 40, 42 in the form of an IR radiation source or an ultrasound source. Also, different types of transmitters can be used at the same time, e.g., an IR transmitter 40 may be combined with an ultrasonic transmitter 42.
  • the signal receiving device 38 comprises two receiving units 44, 46, the first receiving unit 44 cooperating with the first transmitting unit 40 of the associated preceding transport trolley 16 and the second receiving unit 46 with the second transmitting unit 42 of the associated preceding trolley 16.
  • the receiving units 44, 46 are designed accordingly as IR sensor or ultrasonic sensor.
  • the communication system 34 thus operates optically and / or acoustically.
  • Each transmit unit 40, 42 is only capable of generating a 1-bit signal by either emitting an IR or ultrasonic signal or not.
  • the trolley controller 48 is stored for which movement parameters of the respective preceding trolley 16 is the presence or absence of a signal. As explained above, the maximum acceleration and the maximum speed of the respectively preceding carrying vehicle 16 come into consideration as movement parameters.
  • the conveyor system 10 now works as follows:
  • the distance between two moving dolly 16 may be smaller than the basic safety distance, as well as the respective leading trolley 16 only covers a certain braking distance in a braking operation until it stops.
  • the foremost transport vehicle As soon as the foremost transport vehicle approaches the present conveyor system 10, it transmits to the trailing transport vehicle 16 the information that it is now accelerating at maximum acceleration by activating the transmission unit 40.
  • the trailing trolley 16 can also approach in this case, while maintaining a relation to the above-mentioned basic safety distance reduced tolerance distance to the leading trolley 16 with a maximum acceleration corresponding to that of the leading trolley 16.
  • the permissible tolerance distance is stored in the trolley controller 48.
  • the trolley 16 following the foremost transport carriage 16 approaches it in turn sends a signal to the trailing trolley 16 that it is now starting with maximum acceleration. This cascade is continued until the last trolley 16, so that all transport vehicles located in the block 16 start almost without delay at the same time and with maximum acceleration while maintaining a small tolerance distance, which may be smaller than the basic safety distance.
  • the associated transmitting unit 40 is deactivated and the receiving unit 44 of the trailing trolley receives no signal.
  • the basic safety distance stored in the trolley controller 48 picks up again, ie the corresponding trailing trolley 16 is braked until the distance sensor 30 indicates that the required basic safety distance has been reached.
  • leading trolley 16 is decelerated with maximum delay, this is automatically done for the trailing trolley 16, otherwise the distance to the leading trolley 16 would be too low.
  • an active transmission unit 40 of a leading trolley 16 means that it travels at maximum speed. Since two consecutive trolleys 16 may require the same braking distance and can decelerate with the same strength, the distance between the two trolleys 16 may be below the basic safety distance at their maximum speed.
  • the signal unit 40 is deactivated. In this case, too, the basic safety distance, that is, the trailing trolley 16 is automatically decelerated again until the required basic safety distance is reached. If the leading trolley 16 is decelerated with maximum delay, this is done automatically here for the trailing Dolly 16, otherwise the distance to the leading dolly would be too low.
  • both transmit units 40, 42 of the signal transmitter 36 are used, e.g. the maximum acceleration and the maximum speed of the preceding dolly 16 are used as movement parameters.
  • an active transmitting unit 40 means, for example, that the relevant transporting carriage 16 maximally accelerates
  • an active transmitting unit 42 means that the transporting carriage 16 in question travels at maximum speed.
  • the dolly 16 have accelerated to their maximum speed in the train with maximum acceleration, although the signal unit 40 is deactivated and the signal ends, after which the leading dolly 16 accelerates maximally.
  • the leading trolley 16 When reaching its maximum speed of the leading trolley 16 can, however, transmit this to the trailing trolley 16 by its second transmitting unit 42 is activated. As long as the trailing trolley 16 receives the information that the leading trolley 16 is traveling at maximum speed, the reduced relative to the basic safety distance tolerance distance can be maintained.
  • the communication system 30 can be used without great structural complexity, in particular in straight sections of the guide rail system 12, since there a straightforward signal transmission can be reliably maintained.
  • FIG. 2 is shown as a second embodiment, a conveyor system 110 in the manner of a Boden ussystems, wherein the FIG. 1 corresponding components bear the same reference numerals plus 100.
  • the rail system 112 comprises a two-track floor rail 150.
  • the trolleys 152 have a chassis 154, which supports rollers 156, which run in the bottom rail 150.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

The system (10) has a communication system (34) arranged such that communication is carried out in unidirection from a leading trolley (16) to a trailing trolley. A signal transmission device (36) is attached to the leading trolley and transmits a signal for a condition of preset movement parameters of the leading trolley. A signal receiving device (38) is attached to the trailing trolley and cooperates with the signal transmission device of the leading trolley. The transmission device produces a 1-bit signal and indicates different conditions of the parameters of the leading trolley.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fördersystem zum Transport von Gegenständen mit

  1. a) einem Fahrschienensystem;
  2. b) einer Mehrzahl von Transportwagen;
    wobei
  3. c) jeder Transportwagen umfasst:
    • ca) wenigstens ein Fahrwerk, welches in dem Fahrschienensystem läuft;
    • cb) wenigstens einen Antriebsmotor;
    • cc) wenigstens eine Transportwagensteuerung;
    • cd) einen Abstandssensor, mittels welchem der Abstand zum vorauslaufenden Transportwagen feststellbar ist;
  4. d) ein vorauslaufender Transportwagen mit einem diesem nachlaufenden Transportwagen mittels eines drahtlosen Kommunikationssystems kommunizieren kann.
The invention relates to a conveyor system for the transport of objects with
  1. a) a track system;
  2. b) a plurality of transport vehicles;
    in which
  3. c) each trolley comprises:
    • ca) at least one chassis, which runs in the track system;
    • cb) at least one drive motor;
    • cc) at least one dolly control;
    • cd) a distance sensor, by means of which the distance to the leading trolley is detectable;
  4. d) a leading trolley can communicate with a trailing this trolley by means of a wireless communication system.

Bei derartigen vom Markt her bekannten Fördersystemen wird die Geschwindigkeit des Transportwagens abhängig von dem vorhandenen Abstand oder einer möglichen Abstandsänderung zum vorauslaufenden Transportwagen mittels der Transportwagensteuerung angepasst.In such known from the market conveying systems, the speed of the trolley is adjusted depending on the existing distance or a possible change in distance to the leading trolley by the trolley control.

Die Begriffe nachlaufend und vorauslaufend bedeuten nicht, dass ein entsprechend bezeichneter Transportwagen in Bewegung sein muss. Auch ein stillstehender Transportwagen kann nachlaufend oder vorauslaufend gegenüber einem entsprechend positionierten weiteren Transportwagen sein.The terms trailing and leading do not mean that a correspondingly designated trolley in motion have to be. Even a stationary trolley can be trailing or leading to a correspondingly positioned further transport vehicle.

Wenn ein nachlaufender Transportwagen mit seiner maximalen Geschwindigkeit fährt, muss zwischen diesem Transportwagen und einem diesem vorauslaufenden Transportwagen stets ein Sicherheitsabstand verbleiben. Dieser Sicherheitsabstand berechnet sich mindestens nach der Länge des Bremsweges, den der nachlaufende Transportwagen benötigt, um bei maximaler Verzögerung aus seiner Maximalgeschwindigkeit zum Stillstand zu kommen. In der Regel wird hierzu noch ein Pufferabstand aufgeschlagen. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, dass der nachlaufende Transportwagen auf einen stillstehenden vorauslaufenden Transportwagen auffährt.If a trailing trolley moves at its maximum speed, there must always be a safe distance between this trolley and a preceding trolley. This safety distance is calculated at least according to the length of the braking distance that the trailing trolley needs to come to a standstill at maximum delay from its maximum speed. In general, this is still a buffer gap pitched. In this way it is prevented that the trailing dolly auffährt on a stationary leading dolly.

Sobald also die Abstandsmessung ergibt, dass der vorgegebene Sicherheitsabstand zum vorauslaufenden Transportwagen unterschritten ist, wird eine maximale Verzögerung beim nachlaufenden Transportwagen eingeleitet.So as soon as the distance measurement shows that the predetermined safety distance to the leading dolly is undershot, a maximum delay in the trailing dolly is initiated.

Wenn beispielsweise die maximale Geschwindigkeit 2 m s-1, die maximale Verzögerung 0,4 m s-2 und der Pufferabstand 0,5 m betragen, ergibt sich ein Bremsweg von 5 m und somit ein erforderlicher Sicherheitsabstand zwischen nachlaufendem und vorauslaufendem Transportwagen von 5,5 m. Ein derart rechnerisch bestimmter Sicherheitsabstand bildet einen Grundsicherheitsabstand.If, for example, the maximum speed is 2 ms -1 , the maximum deceleration is 0.4 ms -2 and the buffer distance is 0.5 m, this results in a braking distance of 5 m and thus a required safety distance between trailing and leading trolley of 5.5 m , Such a calculated safety distance forms a basic safety distance.

Der einzuhaltende Grundsicherheitsabstand zwischen zwei Transportwagen ist somit verhältnismäßig groß, was sich insgesamt negativ auf die Kapazität des Fördersystems, d.h. auf die Anzahl von Transportwagen pro Streckenlänge, niederschlägt.The basic safety distance to be maintained between two transport vehicles is thus relatively large, which has an overall negative effect on the capacity of the conveyor system, ie on the number of transport vehicles per route length.

Es gibt bereits Fördersysteme, bei denen der erforderliche Sicherheitsabstand zumindest in bestimmten Abschnitten des Fahrschienensystems gegenüber dem Grundsicherheitsabstand reduziert werden konnte, wodurch die Gesamtkapazität des Fördersystems erhöht ist.There are already conveyor systems in which the required safety distance could be reduced, at least in certain sections of the rail system relative to the basic safety distance, whereby the total capacity of the conveyor system is increased.

Beispielsweise ist aus der DE 100 39 946 C1 bekannt, hierzu eine Zentralsteuerung vorzusehen, welche mit allen Transportwagen kommuniziert, wobei darüber hinaus auch alle Transportwagen untereinander über ein Datenbus-Schienensystem kommunizieren können. Auf diese Weise kennt jeder Transportwagen die Position und die Geschwindigkeit aller übrigen Transportwagen. Hierdurch ist es möglich, mehrere Wagen zu einem Pulk zusammenzufassen, in denen der Abstand zwischen den Transportwagen kleiner ist als der theoretisch notwendige Grundsicherheitsabstand, da alle Transportwagen des Pulks unmittelbar und ohne zeitliche Verzögerung auf eine Geschwindigkeitsänderung eines beliebigen anderen Transportwagens des Pulks reagieren können. Hierdurch wird die Gesamtkapazität des Fördersystems zwar erhöht. Die Kombination einer Zentralsteuerung mit einem Datenbus-Schienensystem und die Koordination aller zur Verfügung stehenden Informationen ist jedoch baulich und regelungstechnisch recht aufwendig.For example, is from the DE 100 39 946 C1 it is known to provide a central controller for this purpose, which communicates with all transport vehicles, wherein, moreover, all transport vehicles can communicate with one another via a data bus rail system. In this way, each trolley knows the position and speed of all other trolleys. This makes it possible to combine several cars to a pulp, in which the distance between the trolley is smaller than the theoretically necessary basic safety distance, since all trolleys of the Pulk can react immediately and without delay to a speed change of any other trolley of the Pulks. This increases the overall capacity of the conveyor system. However, the combination of a central control with a data bus rail system and the coordination of all available information is structurally and technically quite complicated.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Fördersystem der eingangs genannten Art so auszugestalten, dass die Kapazität auf verhältnismäßig einfache Weise erhöht ist.It is therefore an object of the present invention, a conveyor system of the type mentioned in such a way that the capacity is increased in a relatively simple manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass

  • e) das Kommunikationssystem
    • ea) derart eingerichtet ist, dass die Kommunikation nur unidirektional vom vorauslaufenden Transportwagen zum nachlaufenden Transportwagen erfolgen kann;
    • eb) eine Signalsendeeinrichtung umfasst, welche dem vorauslaufenden Transportwagen zugeordnet ist und durch welche wenigstens ein Signal aussendbar ist, welches für einen Zustand eines vorgegebenen Bewegungsparameters des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens steht;
    • ec) eine Signalempfangseinrichtung umfasst, welche dem nachlaufenden Transportwagen zugeordnet ist und mit der Signalsendeeinrichtung des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens zusammenarbeitet.
This object is achieved in that
  • e) the communication system
    • ea) is set up so that the communication only unidirectional from the leading dolly to trailing trolley can be done;
    • eb) comprises a signal transmitting device, which is assigned to the preceding dolly and through which at least one signal is emitted, which stands for a state of a predetermined movement parameter of the preceding dolly;
    • ec) comprises a signal receiving device which is associated with the trailing trolley and cooperates with the signal transmitting device of the leading trolley.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zu Grunde, dass eine bidirektionale Kommunikation zwischen nachlaufenden und vorauslaufenden Transportwagen nicht zwingend erforderlich ist, um zumindest in bestimmten Abschnitten des Fahrschienensystems zuzulassen, dass der Sicherheitsabstand zwischen zwei Transportwagen geringer als der Grundsicherheitsabstand gehalten werden kann. Vielmehr reicht es aus, wenn nur der nachlaufende Transportwagen eine Information über den vorauslaufenden Transportwagen erhält.The invention is based on the recognition that bidirectional communication between trailing and leading trolleys is not absolutely necessary in order to allow, at least in certain sections of the rail system, that the safety distance between two trolleys can be kept smaller than the basic safety distance. Rather, it is sufficient if only the trailing dolly receives information about the leading dolly.

Als Bewegungsparameter eines vorauslaufenden Transportwagens kommen insbesondere dessen maximale Beschleunigung und maximale Geschwindigkeit in Betracht. Als Zustände dieser Bewegungsparameter ist dann die Angabe zu verstehen, ob der vorauslaufende Transportwagen maximal beschleunigt oder nicht bzw. ob der vorauslaufende Transportwagen mit maximaler Geschwindigkeit fährt oder nicht.As a movement parameter of a leading trolley in particular its maximum acceleration and maximum speed come into consideration. The states of these movement parameters are then understood to be the indication as to whether the leading trolley accelerates maximally or not or whether the preceding trolley is moving at maximum speed or not.

Die Erfindung beruht insbesondere auf der Feststellung, dass zumindest in bestimmten, besonders - jedoch nicht nur - in geradlinigen Abschnittes des Fahrschienensystems, der Abstand zwischen zwei sich bewegenden Transportwagen kleiner als der Grundsicherheitsabstand sein kann, da auch der sich bewegende vorauslaufende Transportwagen bei einem Bremsvorgang erst einen bestimmten Bremsweg zurücklegt, bis er stillsteht. Dies wird weiter unten nochmals ausführlicher erläutert.The invention is based in particular on the finding that, at least in certain, especially - but not only - in rectilinear section of the rail system, the distance between two moving dolly smaller can be as the basic safety distance, as well as the moving leading trolley in a braking operation only covers a certain braking distance until it stops. This will be explained again in more detail below.

Dadurch, dass also in bestimmten Abschnitten des Fahrschienensystems der Abstand zwischen zwei Transportwagen zumindest zeitweise verringert werden kann, erhöht sich die Gesamtkapazität des Fördersystems.The fact that in certain sections of the rail system, the distance between two trolleys can be at least temporarily reduced, the total capacity of the conveyor system increases.

Es ist in vorteilhafter Weise ausreichend, wenn mittels der Signalsendeeinrichtung wenigstens ein 1-Bit-Signal erzeugbar ist, mittels welchem zwei unterschiedliche Zustände des wenigstens eines Bewegungsparameters des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens angezeigt werden können, insbesondere das Vorliegen oder das Fehlen eines bestimmten Bewegungsparameters. Dies entspricht der kleinstmöglichen Informationsdichte. In diesem Fall muss lediglich in der Transportwagensteuerung abgelegt sein, wofür das Vorhandensein oder das Fehlen eines entsprechenden Signals steht.It is advantageously sufficient if at least one 1-bit signal can be generated by means of the signal transmission device, by means of which two different states of the at least one motion parameter of the preceding transport carriage can be displayed, in particular the presence or absence of a specific motion parameter. This corresponds to the smallest possible information density. In this case, it is only necessary to be stored in the trolley control, which indicates the presence or absence of a corresponding signal.

Wenn die Signalsendeeinrichtung des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens eine erste Sendeeinheit und eine zweite Sendeeinheit umfasst, können beispielsweise Informationen zu zwei Bewegungsparametern des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens an den nachlaufenden Transportwagen übermittelt werden.If the signal transmitting device of the leading trolley comprises a first transmitting unit and a second transmitting unit, for example, information on two movement parameters of the leading trolley can be transmitted to the trailing trolley.

Die Sendeeinrichtung kann vorteilhaft sehr einfach gehalten werden, da es ausreichend ist, wenn mit der ersten Sendeeinheit und mit der zweiten Sendeeinheit jeweils ein 1-Bit-Signal erzeugbar ist, so dass mittels der ersten Sendeeinheit zwei unterschiedliche Zustände eines ersten Bewegungsparameters und mittels der zweiten Sendeeinheit zwei unterschiedliche Zustände eines zweiten Bewegungsparameters des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens angezeigt werden können.The transmitting device can advantageously be kept very simple, since it is sufficient if in each case a 1-bit signal can be generated with the first transmitting unit and with the second transmitting unit, so that by means of the first transmitting unit two different states of a first movement parameter and by means of the second Sending unit two different states of a second motion parameter of the leading trolley can be displayed.

Zur direkten und einfachen Signalauswertung ist es günstig, wenn die Signalempfangseinrichtung des nachlaufenden Transportwagens eine erste Empfangseinheit, die mit der ersten Sendeeinheit zusammenarbeitet, und eine zweite Empfangseinheit umfasst, die mit der zweiten Sendeeineinheit zusammenarbeitet.For direct and simple signal evaluation, it is advantageous if the signal receiving device of the trailing trolley comprises a first receiving unit, which cooperates with the first transmitting unit, and a second receiving unit which cooperates with the second transmitting unit.

Besonders einfach kann das Kommunikationssystem gehalten werden, wenn es optisch und/oder akustisch arbeitet.The communication system can be kept particularly simple if it works optically and / or acoustically.

Hierbei hat es sich zum einem als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Signalsendeeinrichtung oder gegebenenfalls die erste Sendeeinheit und/oder die zweite Sendeeinheit IR-Strahlen emittiert. Auch Licht anderer Wellenlängen, auch im sichtbaren Bereich, kann verwendet werden.In this case, it has proven to be advantageous if the signal transmission device or optionally the first transmission unit and / or the second transmission unit emits IR radiation. Also light of other wavelengths, also in the visible range, can be used.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist es günstig, wenn die Signalsendeeinrichtung oder gegebenenfalls die erste Sendeeinheit und/oder die zweite Sendeeinheit Ultraschallwellen emittiert. Auch Töne anderer Frequenzen, auch im hörbaren Bereich, können genutzt werden.Alternatively or additionally, it is favorable if the signal transmission device or optionally the first transmission unit and / or the second transmission unit emits ultrasonic waves. Also tones of other frequencies, also in the audible range, can be used.

Wenn das Fördersystem nach Art einer Elektrohängebahn oder eines Bodenfördersystems ausgebildet ist, kann es vielseitig verwendet werden.If the conveyor system is designed in the manner of an electric overhead conveyor or a floor conveyor system, it can be used in many ways.

Nachstehend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In diesen zeigen:

Figur 1
schematisch eine Seitenansicht eines Teilabschnitts einer Elektrohängebahn mit Transportwagen, welche ein unidirektionales Kommunikationssystem umfasst;
Figur 2
schematisch eine Seitenansicht eines Teilabschnitts eines Bodenfördersystems mit Transportwagen, welches ein unidirektionales Kommunikationssystem umfasst.
Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. In these show:
FIG. 1
schematically shows a side view of a portion of an electric overhead conveyor with trolley, which comprises a unidirectional communication system;
FIG. 2
schematically a side view of a portion of a floor conveyor system with trolley, which includes a unidirectional communication system.

In Figur 1 ist mit 10 insgesamt ein nach Art einer Elektrohängebahn ausgebildetes Fördersystem zum Transport von Gegenständen bezeichnet, von welchem ein Ausschnitt gezeigt ist. Das Fördersystem 10 umfasst ein Fahrschienensystem 12 mit einer Tragschiene 14.In FIG. 1 is denoted by 10 in total one designed in the manner of a monorail conveyor system for transporting objects, of which a section is shown. The conveyor system 10 comprises a guide rail system 12 with a mounting rail 14.

Die Tragschiene 14 ist in herkömmlicher Weise als I-Profil ausgebildet und in an und für sich bekannter Weise an einem hier nicht eigens gezeigten Tragaufbau aufgehängt.The support rail 14 is formed in a conventional manner as an I-profile and suspended in a conventional manner to a support structure not shown here.

Das Fördesystem 10 umfasst außerdem mehrere Transportwagen 16, von denen in Figur 1 drei Transportwagen 16 gezeigt sind und welche auf der Tragschiene 14 verfahrbar sind. Die Transportrichtung, in welcher zu förderndes Gut mittels des Fördersystems entlang der Tragschiene 14 transportiert wird, ist mit einem Pfeil 18 angedeutet.The conveyor system 10 also includes a plurality of trolleys 16, of which in FIG. 1 three trolleys 16 are shown and which are movable on the support rail 14. The transport direction, in which material to be conveyed is transported by means of the conveyor system along the support rail 14, is indicated by an arrow 18.

Entlang der Tragschiene 14 verlaufen nicht eigens gezeigte Schleifleitungen, welche der Stromversorgung der Transportwagen 16 sowie der Signalübermittlung von einer nicht eignes gezeigten Zentralsteuerung zu diesen dienen. Derartige Schleifleitungen und die Ansteuerung der Transportwagen 16 entsprechen dem Stand der Technik.Along the support rail 14 not specifically shown sliding lines, which serve the power supply of the trolley 16 and the signal transmission from a non-own shown central control to this. Such sliding lines and the control of the trolley 16 correspond to the prior art.

Jeder Transportwagen 16 umfasst ein die Tragschiene 14 umgreifendes Fahrwerk 20, das wenigstens eine oben auf den Tragschienen 14 abrollende Tragrolle 22 lagert, welche die von dem jeweiligen Transportwagen 16 transportierte Last aufnimmt. Jeder Transportwagen 16 wird mittels eines Elektromotors 24 angetrieben, der über die angesprochenen Schleifleitungen in üblicher Art und Weise bestromt und von der erwähnten Zentralsteuerung wie üblich über eine Transportwagensteuerung 48 angesteuert wird. Das Fahrwerk 20 ist durch an und für sich bekannte Maßnahmen gegen ein Verkippen und Verkanten gegenüber einer vertikalen und einer horizontalen Ebene geschützt.Each trolley 16 includes a support rail 14 encompassing chassis 20, which supports at least one rolling on top of the support rails 14 support roller 22 which receives the transported by the respective transport carriage 16 load. Each trolley 16 is driven by means of an electric motor 24, the above mentioned Conductor lines energized in the usual manner and is controlled by the aforementioned central control as usual via a trolley controller 48. The chassis 20 is protected by measures known per se against tilting and tilting against a vertical and a horizontal plane.

Um mit den Transportwagen 16 Gegenstände transportieren zu können, umfassen dieser jeweils ein Transportgehänge 26, welches über ein Koppelglied 28 mit dem Fahrwerk 20 des Transportwagens 16 verbunden ist.In order to be able to transport objects with the trolley 16, these each comprise a transport hanger 26, which is connected via a coupling member 28 to the chassis 20 of the trolley 16.

Jeder Transportwagen 16 umfasst einen Abstandssensor 30, mittels welchem der Abstand zu einem am vorauslaufenden Transportwagen 16 angebrachten Reflektor 32 - und damit zum vorauslaufenden Transportwagen 16 selbst - feststellbar ist. Dies ist in Figur 1 durch eine gepunktete Linie zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Transportwagen 16 angedeutet. Abstandssensor/Reflektorsysteme sind an und für sich bekannt, so dass hierauf nicht weiter eingegangen werden muss.Each trolley 16 comprises a distance sensor 30, by means of which the distance to a mounted on the leading trolley 16 reflector 32 - and thus to the leading trolley 16 itself - can be determined. This is in FIG. 1 indicated by a dotted line between two consecutive trolley 16. Distance sensor / reflector systems are known per se, so it need not be discussed further here.

Das Fördersystem 10 umfasst außerdem ein drahtloses Kommunikationssystem 34, mittels welchem ein vorauslaufender Transportwagen 16 mit einem diesem nachlaufenden Transportwagen 16 unidirektional in Richtung vom vorauslaufenden Transportwagen 16 zum nachlaufenden Transportwagen 16 kommunizieren kann. Dies ist durch gestrichelte Pfeile angedeutet, die nicht eigens ein Bezugszeichen tragen.The conveyor system 10 also includes a wireless communication system 34, by means of which a leading trolley 16 with this trailing trolley 16 can communicate unidirectionally in the direction of the leading trolley 16 to the trailing trolley 16. This is indicated by dashed arrows that do not bear a special reference number.

Hierzu trägt jeder Transportwagen 16 eine Signalsendeeinrichtung 36 und eine Signalempfangseinrichtung 38. Diese sind so angeordnet, dass die Signalempfangseinrichtung 38 eines nachlaufenden Transportwagens 16 jeweils mit der Signalsendeeinrichtung eines diesem vorauslaufenden Transportwagens 16 zusammenarbeiten kann.For this purpose, each trolley 16 carries a signal transmitting device 36 and a signal receiving device 38. These are arranged so that the signal receiving device 38 of a trailing trolley 16 can each cooperate with the signal transmitting device of this leading trolley 16.

Die Signalsendeeinrichtung 36 umfasst zwei Sendeeinheiten 40, 42 in Form einer IR-Strahlungsquelle oder einer Ultraschallquelle. Auch können verschiedene Sendertypen zugleich genutzt werden, z.B. kann ein IR-Sender 40 mit einem Ultraschallsender 42 kombiniert werden. Die Signalempfangseinrichtung 38 umfasst zwei Empfangseinheiten 44, 46, wobei die erste Empfangseinheit 44 mit der ersten Sendeeinheit 40 des zughörigen vorauslaufenden Transportwagens 16 und die zweite Empfangseinheit 46 mit der zweiten Sendeeinheit 42 des zughörigen vorauslaufenden Transportwagens 16 zusammenarbeitet. Die Empfangseinheiten 44, 46 sind entsprechend als IR-Sensor oder Ultraschallsensor ausgebildet. Das Kommunikationssystem 34 arbeitet somit optisch und/oder akustisch.The signal transmission device 36 comprises two transmission units 40, 42 in the form of an IR radiation source or an ultrasound source. Also, different types of transmitters can be used at the same time, e.g. For example, an IR transmitter 40 may be combined with an ultrasonic transmitter 42. The signal receiving device 38 comprises two receiving units 44, 46, the first receiving unit 44 cooperating with the first transmitting unit 40 of the associated preceding transport trolley 16 and the second receiving unit 46 with the second transmitting unit 42 of the associated preceding trolley 16. The receiving units 44, 46 are designed accordingly as IR sensor or ultrasonic sensor. The communication system 34 thus operates optically and / or acoustically.

Jede Sendeeinheit 40, 42 ist nur in der Lage, ein 1-Bit-Signal zu erzeugen, indem entweder ein IR- oder Ultraschallsignal abgegeben wird oder nicht. In der Transportwagensteuerung 48 ist abgelegt, für welchen Bewegungsparameter des jeweils vorauslaufenden Transportwagens 16 das Vorhandensein oder Fehlen eines Signals steht. Wie eingangs erläutert, kommen als Bewegungsparameter insbesondere die maximale Beschleunigung und die maximale Geschwindigkeit des jeweils vorauslaufenden Tragwagens 16 in Betracht.Each transmit unit 40, 42 is only capable of generating a 1-bit signal by either emitting an IR or ultrasonic signal or not. In the trolley controller 48 is stored for which movement parameters of the respective preceding trolley 16 is the presence or absence of a signal. As explained above, the maximum acceleration and the maximum speed of the respectively preceding carrying vehicle 16 come into consideration as movement parameters.

Das Fördersystem 10 funktioniert nun wie folgt:The conveyor system 10 now works as follows:

Wie eingangs erörtert wurde, kann der Abstand zwischen zwei sich bewegenden Transportwagen 16 kleiner als der Grundsicherheitsabstand sein, da auch der jeweils vorauseilende Transportwagen 16 bei einem Bremsvorgang erst einen bestimmten Bremsweg zurücklegt, bis er stillsteht.As discussed above, the distance between two moving dolly 16 may be smaller than the basic safety distance, as well as the respective leading trolley 16 only covers a certain braking distance in a braking operation until it stops.

Dies kann ausgenutzt werden, wenn mehrere Transportwagen 16 gemeinsam in einem Pulk mit maximaler Geschwindigkeit anfahren sollen. Dazu ist in der Transportwagensteuerung 48 abgelegt, dass der Empfang ein Signals der Sendeeinheit 40 mittels der Empfangseinheit 44 bedeutet, dass der vorauslaufende Transportwagen 16 mit maximaler Beschleunigung beschleunigt.This can be exploited when several trolleys 16 start together in a burst at maximum speed should. For this purpose, stored in the trolley controller 48 that the reception of a signal of the transmitting unit 40 means of the receiving unit 44 means that the leading trolley 16 accelerates with maximum acceleration.

Bei bekannten Fördersystemen fährt in diesem Fall zunächst der vorderste Transportwagen an. Der diesem nachlaufende Transportwagen fährt beim Stand der Technik jedoch erst an, wenn die Abstandserfassung ergibt, dass der vorauslaufende Transportwagen sich dem Grundsicherheitsabstand entsprechend entfernt hat.In known conveyor systems, the foremost transport vehicle first moves in this case. The trailing this trolley moves in the prior art, however, only when the distance detection shows that the leading dolly has removed the basic safety distance accordingly.

Sobald der vorderste Transportwagen beim vorliegenden Fördersystem 10 anfährt, übermittelt er dem nachlaufenden Transportwagen 16 die Information, dass er nun mit maximaler Beschleunigung beschleunigt, indem die Sendeeinheit 40 aktiviert wird. Der nachlaufende Transportwagen 16 kann in diesem Fall unter Einhaltung eines gegenüber dem eingangs genannten Grundsicherheitsabstand reduzierten Toleranzabstandes zum vorauslaufenden Transportwagen 16 ebenfalls mit einer maximalen Beschleunigung anfahren, die derjenigen des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens 16 entspricht. Der zulässige Toleranzabstand ist in der Transportwagensteuerung 48 abgelegt. Sobald der dem vordersten Transportwagen 16 nachlaufenden Transportwagen 16 anfährt, sendet er seinerseits ein Signal an den ihm nachlaufenden Transportwagen 16, dass er nun mit maximaler Beschleunigung anfährt. Diese Kaskade setzt sich bis zum letzen Transportwagen 16 fort, so dass alle im Pulk befindlichen Transportwagen 16 fast ohne Verzögerung zeitgleich und mit maximaler Beschleunigung unter Einhaltung eines geringen Toleranzabstandes anfahren, der kleiner als der Grundsicherheitsabstand sein kann.As soon as the foremost transport vehicle approaches the present conveyor system 10, it transmits to the trailing transport vehicle 16 the information that it is now accelerating at maximum acceleration by activating the transmission unit 40. The trailing trolley 16 can also approach in this case, while maintaining a relation to the above-mentioned basic safety distance reduced tolerance distance to the leading trolley 16 with a maximum acceleration corresponding to that of the leading trolley 16. The permissible tolerance distance is stored in the trolley controller 48. As soon as the trolley 16 following the foremost transport carriage 16 approaches, it in turn sends a signal to the trailing trolley 16 that it is now starting with maximum acceleration. This cascade is continued until the last trolley 16, so that all transport vehicles located in the block 16 start almost without delay at the same time and with maximum acceleration while maintaining a small tolerance distance, which may be smaller than the basic safety distance.

Wenn ein vorauslaufender Transportwagen 16 nun nicht mehr beschleunigt und seine Endgeschwindigkeit erreicht hat oder wieder abgebremst wird, wird die zugehörige Sendeeinheit 40 deaktiviert und die Empfangseinheit 44 des nachlaufenden Transportwagens empfängt kein Signal mehr. In diesem Fall greift wieder der in der Transportwagensteuerung 48 abgelegte Grundsicherheitsabstand, d.h. der entsprechende nachlaufende Transportwagen 16 wird abgebremst, bis der Abstandssensor 30 anzeigt, dass der geforderte Grundsicherheitsabstand erreicht ist.If a leading trolley 16 is no longer has accelerated and reached its final speed or is decelerated again, the associated transmitting unit 40 is deactivated and the receiving unit 44 of the trailing trolley receives no signal. In this case, the basic safety distance stored in the trolley controller 48 picks up again, ie the corresponding trailing trolley 16 is braked until the distance sensor 30 indicates that the required basic safety distance has been reached.

Falls der vorauslaufende Transportwagen 16 mit maximaler Verzögerung abgebremst wird, erfolgt dies automatisch auch für den nachlaufenden Transportwagen 16, da ansonsten der Abstand zum vorauslaufenden Transportwagen 16 zu gering würde.If the leading trolley 16 is decelerated with maximum delay, this is automatically done for the trailing trolley 16, otherwise the distance to the leading trolley 16 would be too low.

Das oben erläuterte Prinzip kann beispielsweise auch bei der Fahrt von mehreren Transportwagen 16 mit maximaler Geschwindigkeit in einem Pulk sinnvoll angewendet werden. In diesem Fall bedeutet eine aktive Sendeeinheit 40 eines vorauslaufenden Transportwagens 16, dass dieser mit maximaler Geschwindigkeit fährt. Da zwei aufeinander folgende Transportwagen 16 gegebenenfalls den gleichen Bremsweg benötigen und mit gleicher Stärke verzögern können, kann der Abstand der beiden Transportwagen 16 bei ihrer maximalen Geschwindigkeit unter dem Grundsicherheitsabstand liegen.The principle explained above can also be usefully applied, for example, when a plurality of transport carriages 16 travel at maximum speed in a pulp. In this case, an active transmission unit 40 of a leading trolley 16 means that it travels at maximum speed. Since two consecutive trolleys 16 may require the same braking distance and can decelerate with the same strength, the distance between the two trolleys 16 may be below the basic safety distance at their maximum speed.

Wenn der vorauslaufende Transportwagen 16 jedoch unter die Maximalgeschwindigkeit fällt, wird die Signaleinheit 40 deaktiviert. Auch in diesem Fall greift wieder der Grundsicherheitsabstand, d.h. der nachlaufende Transportwagen 16 wird automatisch abgebremst, bis der geforderte Grundsicherheitsabstand erreicht wird. Falls der vorauslaufende Transportwagen 16 mit maximaler Verzögerung abgebremst wird, erfolgt dies auch hier automatisch für den nachlaufenden Transportwagen 16, da ansonsten der Abstand zum vorauslaufenden Transportwagen zu gering würde.However, if the preceding dolly 16 falls below the maximum speed, the signal unit 40 is deactivated. In this case, too, the basic safety distance, that is, the trailing trolley 16 is automatically decelerated again until the required basic safety distance is reached. If the leading trolley 16 is decelerated with maximum delay, this is done automatically here for the trailing Dolly 16, otherwise the distance to the leading dolly would be too low.

Wenn beide Sendeeinheiten 40, 42 der Signalsendeeinrichtung 36 genutzt werden, können z.B. die maximale Beschleunigung und die maximale Geschwindigkeit des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens 16 als Bewegungsparameter verwendet werden. In diesem Fall bedeutet eine aktive Sendeeinheit 40 z.B., dass der betreffende Transportwagen 16 maximal beschleunigt, wogegen eine aktive Sendeeinheit 42 bedeutet, dass der fragliche Transportwagen 16 mit maximaler Geschwindigkeit fährt.If both transmit units 40, 42 of the signal transmitter 36 are used, e.g. the maximum acceleration and the maximum speed of the preceding dolly 16 are used as movement parameters. In this case, an active transmitting unit 40 means, for example, that the relevant transporting carriage 16 maximally accelerates, whereas an active transmitting unit 42 means that the transporting carriage 16 in question travels at maximum speed.

Wenn z.B. die Transportwagen 16 im Pulk mit maximaler Beschleunigung auf ihre maximale Geschwindigkeit beschleunigt haben, wird zwar die Signaleinheit 40 deaktiviert und das Signal endet, wonach der vorauslaufende Transportwagen 16 maximal beschleunigt.If e.g. the dolly 16 have accelerated to their maximum speed in the train with maximum acceleration, although the signal unit 40 is deactivated and the signal ends, after which the leading dolly 16 accelerates maximally.

Bei erreichen seiner Maximalgeschwindigkeit kann der vorauslaufende Transportwagen 16 dies jedoch dem nachlaufenden Transportwagen 16 übermitteln, indem seine zweite Sendeeinheit 42 aktiviert wird. Solange der nachlaufende Transportwagen 16 die Information erhält, dass der vorauslaufende Transportwagen 16 mit maximaler Geschwindigkeit fährt, kann der gegenüber dem Grundsicherheitsabstand verringerte Toleranzabstand aufrechterhalten werden.When reaching its maximum speed of the leading trolley 16 can, however, transmit this to the trailing trolley 16 by its second transmitting unit 42 is activated. As long as the trailing trolley 16 receives the information that the leading trolley 16 is traveling at maximum speed, the reduced relative to the basic safety distance tolerance distance can be maintained.

Das Kommunikationssystem 30 kann ohne großen baulichen Aufwand insbesondere in geraden Streckenabschnitten des Führungsschienensystems 12 genutzt werden, da dort eine geradlinig erfolgende Signalübertragung sicher aufrechterhalten werden kann.The communication system 30 can be used without great structural complexity, in particular in straight sections of the guide rail system 12, since there a straightforward signal transmission can be reliably maintained.

Bei geradlinig arbeitenden Sende- und Empfängereinheiten 40, 42 bzw. 44, 46 muss erfassbar sein, wann sich ein Transportwagen in einem Kurvenabschnitt befindet. Dies ist über bekannte Absolutweg-Messsysteme, wie sie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt sind, jedoch ohne weiteres möglich. Wenn das oben erläuterte System auch in Kurvenabschnitten des Fahrschienensystems funktionieren soll, muss das Kommunikationssystem 30 derart ausgebildet sein, dass Richtungsänderungen der Transportwagen 16 zueinander kompensiert werden können.For rectilinear transmitting and receiving units 40, 42 and 44, 46 must be detectable when a dolly located in a curve section. However, this is readily possible via known absolute displacement measuring systems, as known from the prior art. If the system explained above is also to function in curved sections of the runway system, the communication system 30 must be designed such that changes in direction of the transporting carriages 16 relative to one another can be compensated.

Falls die Signalsendeeinrichtung 36 oder die Signalempfangseinrichtung 38 oder jeweils eine Sendeeinheit 40, 42 oder jeweils eine Empfangseinheit 44, 46 ausfallen sollte, führt dies nicht zu einem Ausfall des Gesamtsystems. Zunächst führt dies nur dazu, dass zwischen den betroffenen beiden Transportwagen 16 stets der Grundsicherheitsabstand aufrechterhalten wird.If the signal transmitting device 36 or the signal receiving device 38 or in each case one transmitting unit 40, 42 or one receiving unit 44, 46 should fail, this does not lead to a failure of the entire system. Initially, this only leads to the basic safety distance always being maintained between the two transport trolleys 16 concerned.

In Figur 2 ist als zweites Ausführungsbeispiel ein Fördersystem 110 nach Art eines Bodenfördersystems gezeigt, wobei der Figur 1 entsprechende Komponenten dieselben Bezugszeichen zuzüglich 100 tragen. Anstelle der Führungsschiene 14 umfasst das Fahrschienensystem 112 eine zweispurige Bodenschiene 150. Auf dieser laufen Transportwagen 152 ab. Die Transportwagen 152 haben ein Fahrwerk 154, welches Laufrollen 156 lagert, die in der Bodenschiene 150 ablaufen.In FIG. 2 is shown as a second embodiment, a conveyor system 110 in the manner of a Bodenfördersystems, wherein the FIG. 1 corresponding components bear the same reference numerals plus 100. Instead of the guide rail 14, the rail system 112 comprises a two-track floor rail 150. On this transport trolley 152 run off. The trolleys 152 have a chassis 154, which supports rollers 156, which run in the bottom rail 150.

Das Fördersystem 110 funktioniert ansonsten sinngemäß entsprechend, wie es oben zum Fördersystem 10 nach Figur 1 erläutert wurde.Otherwise, the conveyor system 110 functions accordingly, as described above for the conveyor system 10 FIG. 1 was explained.

Claims (9)

Fördersystem zum Transport von Gegenständen mit a) einem Fahrschienensystem (12; 112); b) einer Mehrzahl von Transportwagen (16; 116);
wobei c) jeder Transportwagen (16; 116) umfasst: ca) wenigstens ein Fahrwerk (20; 120), welches in dem Fahrschienensystem (12; 112) läuft; cb) wenigstens einen Antriebsmotor (24; 124); cc) wenigstens eine Transportwagensteuerung (48; 148); cd) einen Abstandssensor (30; 130), mittels welchem der Abstand zum vorauslaufenden Transportwagen (16; 116) feststellbar ist; d) ein vorauslaufender Transportwagen (16; 116) mit einem diesem nachlaufenden Transportwagen (16, 116) mittels eines drahtlosen Kommunikationssystems (34; 134) kommunizieren kann,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass e) das Kommunikationssystem (34; 134) ea) derart eingerichtet ist, dass die Kommunikation nur unidirektional vom vorauslaufenden Transportwagen (16; 116) zum nachlaufenden Transportwagen (16, 116) erfolgen kann; eb) eine Signalsendeeinrichtung (36; 136) umfasst, welche dem vorauslaufenden Transportwagen (16; 116) zugeordnet ist und durch welche wenigstens ein Signal aussendbar ist, welches für einen Zustand eines vorgegebenen Bewegungsparameters des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens (16; 116) steht; ec) eine Signalempfangseinrichtung (38; 138) umfasst, welche dem nachlaufenden Transportwagen (16; 116) zugeordnet ist und mit der Signalsendeeinrichtung (36; 136) des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens (16; 116) zusammenarbeitet. Conveying system for transporting objects with a) a track system (12; 112); b) a plurality of trolleys (16; 116);
in which c) each trolley (16; 116) comprises: (ca) at least one landing gear (20; 120) running in the track system (12; 112); cb) at least one drive motor (24, 124); cc) at least one trolley controller (48; 148); cd) a distance sensor (30; 130), by means of which the distance to the leading trolley (16; 116) can be detected; d) a leading trolley (16, 116) can communicate with a trailing trolley (16, 116) by means of a wireless communication system (34, 134),
characterized in that e) the communication system (34; 134) ea) is set up so that the communication only unidirectionally from the leading trolley (16; 116) to the trailing trolley (16, 116) can take place; eb) comprises a signal transmitting device (36; 136) which is associated with the preceding transport carriage (16; 116) and through which at least one signal can be transmitted which represents a state of a predetermined movement parameter of the preceding transport carriage (16; 116); ec) comprises a signal receiving device (38; 138) which is associated with the trailing trolley (16; 116) and cooperates with the signal transmitting device (36; 136) of the preceding trolley (16; 116). Fördersystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels der Signalsendeeinrichtung (36; 136) wenigstens ein 1-Bit-Signal erzeugbar ist, mittels welchem zwei unterschiedliche Zustände des wenigstens eines Bewegungsparameters des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens (16; 116) angezeigt werden können.Conveyor system according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one 1-bit signal can be generated by means of the signal transmission device (36; 136) by means of which two different states of the at least one motion parameter of the preceding transport vehicle (16; 116) can be displayed. Fördersystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signalsendeeinrichtung (36; 136) des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens (16; 116) eine erste Sendeeinheit (40; 140) und eine zweite Sendeeinheit (42; 142) umfasst.Conveyor system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the signal transmission device (36; 136) of the preceding transport carriage (16; 116) comprises a first transmission unit (40; 140) and a second transmission unit (42; 142). Fördersystem nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit der ersten Sendeeinheit (40; 140) und mit der zweiten Sendeeinheit (42; 142) jeweils ein 1-Bit-Signal erzeugbar ist, so dass mittels der ersten Sendeeinheit (40; 140) zwei unterschiedliche Zustände eines ersten Bewegungsparameters und mittels der zweiten Sendeeinheit (42; 142) zwei unterschiedliche Zustände eines zweiten Bewegungsparameters des vorauslaufenden Transportwagens (16; 116) angezeigt werden können.Conveyor system according to Claim 3, characterized in that a 1-bit signal can be generated in each case with the first transmission unit (40; 140) and with the second transmission unit (42; 142), so that two by means of the first transmission unit (40; 140) different states of a first Movement parameters and by means of the second transmitting unit (42, 142) two different states of a second movement parameter of the leading trolley (16; 116) can be displayed. Fördersystem nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signalempfangseinrichtung (38; 138) des nachlaufenden Transportwagens (16; 116) eine erste Empfangseinheit (44; 144), die mit der ersten Sendeeinheit (40; 140) zusammenarbeitet, und eine zweite Empfangseinheit (46; 146) umfasst, die mit der zweiten Sendeeineinheit (42; 142) zusammenarbeitet.Conveyor system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the signal receiving device (38; 138) of the trailing trolley (16; 116) has a first receiving unit (44; 144) which cooperates with the first transmitting unit (40; 140) and a second Receiving unit (46; 146) cooperating with the second transmitting unit (42; 142). Fördersystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kommunikationssystem (34; 134) optisch und/oder akustisch arbeitet.Conveyor system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the communication system (34; 134) operates optically and / or acoustically. Fördersystem nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signalsendeeinrichtung (36; 136) oder gegebenenfalls die erste Sendeeinheit (40; 140) und/oder die zweite Sendeeinheit (42; 142) IR-Strahlen emittiert.Conveying system according to claim 6, characterized in that the signal transmitting device (36; 136) or possibly the first transmitting unit (40; 140) and / or the second transmitting unit (42; 142) emits IR-rays. Fördersystem nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signalsendeeinrichtung (36; 136) oder gegebenenfalls die erste Sendeeinheit (40; 140) und/oder die zweite Sendeeinheit (42; 142) Ultraschallwellen emittiert.Conveying system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the signal transmitting device (36; 136) or optionally the first transmitting unit (40; 140) and / or the second transmitting unit (42; 142) emits ultrasonic waves. Fördersystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es nach Art einer Elektrohängebahn (10) oder eines Bodenfördersystems (110) ausgebildet ist.Conveyor system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is designed in the manner of an overhead monorail system (10) or a floor conveyor system (110).
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WO2018234105A1 (en) * 2017-06-19 2018-12-27 Eisenmann Se Method and production facility for producing vehicles, and surface treatment system for treating the surface of vehicle bodies
US11364962B2 (en) 2017-06-19 2022-06-21 Eisenmann Gmbh Method and production facility for producing vehicles, and surface treatment system for treating the surface of vehicle bodies
WO2019201798A1 (en) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-24 Eisenmann Se Conveyor system and method for controlling such a conveyor system
US20210179149A1 (en) * 2018-04-20 2021-06-17 Eisenmann Se Conveyor system having a conveyor carriage
CN110712906A (en) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-21 株式会社大福 Article differentiating apparatus
WO2021018530A1 (en) * 2019-07-29 2021-02-04 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Method and control system for operating a convoy
CN110294276A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-10-01 湘潭远大住宅工业有限公司 Multi-transportation vehicle automatic positioning equipment and localization method
CN110294276B (en) * 2019-08-01 2024-04-09 湘潭远大住宅工业有限公司 Automatic positioning device and positioning method for comprehensive transport vehicle

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