EP3253642B1 - Method and device for vehicles which detect the approach of another vehicle from the rear - Google Patents

Method and device for vehicles which detect the approach of another vehicle from the rear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3253642B1
EP3253642B1 EP16713374.3A EP16713374A EP3253642B1 EP 3253642 B1 EP3253642 B1 EP 3253642B1 EP 16713374 A EP16713374 A EP 16713374A EP 3253642 B1 EP3253642 B1 EP 3253642B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
warning message
vehicles
advancing
detection
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EP16713374.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3253642A1 (en
Inventor
Lothar Becke
Karsten Rahn
Luis Riera Sanchez
Frauke Schossig
Rene Wettig
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Siemens Mobility GmbH
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Siemens Mobility GmbH
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Publication of EP3253642A1 publication Critical patent/EP3253642A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61HBRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H13/00Actuating rail vehicle brakes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00Control, warning, or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or vehicle trains
    • B61L23/34Control, warnings or like safety means indicating the distance between vehicles or vehicle trains by the transmission of signals therebetween
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/16Anti-collision systems
    • G08G1/161Decentralised systems, e.g. inter-vehicle communication
    • G08G1/162Decentralised systems, e.g. inter-vehicle communication event-triggered
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/16Anti-collision systems
    • G08G1/166Anti-collision systems for active traffic, e.g. moving vehicles, pedestrians, bikes

Definitions

  • track-bound vehicles which may be, for example, rail vehicles, track-guided vehicles with rubber tires or magnetic levitation
  • two vehicles should be able to approach in an automatic, possibly driverless operation in special situations to a relatively small distance.
  • this relates in particular to the case where one of the vehicles in a depot or a siding is to be brought as close as possible to an already parked further vehicle.
  • EP 1 391 365 A1 is an "electronic drawbar" known. This makes it possible to introduce a subsequent train to a few meters to a train in front and to let him drive electronically coupled at this distance.
  • a rail vehicle transmits at zero speed or at a speed below a predetermined minimum speed a telegram, which control information on the driving and braking distance control or ready signals to activate the includes electronic drawbar for a subsequent rail vehicle.
  • the following rail vehicle approaches after receiving the telegram of the preceding rail vehicle to the preceding rail vehicle to a predetermined distance.
  • a driver assistance system of the preceding vehicle determines too small a distance and / or too high a relative speed between the vehicles, whereupon the driver assistance system of the preceding vehicle emits a signal via at least one rear-side optical signal generator. It is provided that the signal is a code which is received by an optical image sensor of the following vehicle and detected by a driver assistance system of the following vehicle. The driver assistance system of the following vehicle then takes a measure to avoid a rear-end collision.
  • the object of the present invention is to specify a method for operating vehicles, in particular track-bound vehicles, which permits an approach of two vehicles to short distances and can be implemented with comparatively little effort.
  • This object is achieved by a method for operating vehicles, in particular of track-bound vehicles, wherein a driving up of a first vehicle a second vehicle is detected by the second vehicle, triggered by the second vehicle by detecting the startup a warning message is emitted and the part of the first vehicle due to the emitted from the second vehicle warning message a braking operation is triggered.
  • the method according to the invention for operating vehicles, in particular track-bound vehicles is characterized in that a drive-on of a first vehicle to a second vehicle is detected by the second vehicle.
  • a corresponding Auffahrvorgang is not necessarily desired, but admitted or accepted to the extent that a detection of the start of the first vehicle on the second vehicle takes place.
  • the corresponding detection is not carried out by the approaching first vehicle itself, but by the second vehicle on which the first vehicle ascends.
  • the detection of the launching of the first vehicle by the second vehicle can take place in any manner known per se.
  • a vehicle-side odometer or odometer for example in the form of a Wegimpulsgebers
  • an acceleration sensor, a vibration sensor or vibration detector or a radar sensor can be used.
  • a warning message is then emitted by the second vehicle triggered by detecting the startup.
  • the emission of the warning message can be done in any manner known per se. This includes, in particular, a radio-based transmission of the warning message.
  • a corresponding warning message for example, also be transmitted optically or in the case of vehicles in the form of rail vehicles on the rails as a transmission medium.
  • a braking operation is triggered by the first vehicle on the basis of the warning message emitted by the second vehicle.
  • the method according to the invention therefore dissolves from the usual idea that starting up a first vehicle onto a second vehicle can and must be prevented at all times in all operational situations occurring. Based on this, the method according to the invention, in the event that the first vehicle ascends to the second vehicle, makes it possible in a reliable and robust manner to ensure that the first vehicle brakes. This happens because of the second vehicle triggered by the detection of the startup a warning message is emitted, on the basis of which a braking operation is triggered by the first vehicle. It is basically conceivable that the first vehicle itself has means to determine the collision with the second vehicle and then initiate a braking operation.
  • the second vehicle emits a corresponding warning message, which increases overall the robustness and operational safety.
  • the drive-up of the first vehicle to the second vehicle is detected exclusively by the second vehicle. This is particularly favorable in that in this case the first vehicle itself does not have to have means for detecting the approach to the second vehicle. This is advantageous in particular in those situations in which it is easier for the second vehicle, as a result of the situation, to reliably detect a collision of the first vehicle with the second vehicle.
  • both the first vehicle and the second vehicle may consist of any number of driven and / or non-driven, fixed or loosely connected or coupled or coupled units.
  • the approach of the first vehicle to the stationary second vehicle is detected by the second vehicle based on a standstill monitoring.
  • a standstill monitoring can now advantageously be used to detect the approach of the first vehicle to the second vehicle.
  • the inventive method can also be configured such that the emitted from the second vehicle warning message is received directly from the first vehicle.
  • the warning message is thus received without the interposition of further, in particular trackside components of the first vehicle.
  • the sending of the warning message by the second vehicle for example in the form of a "broadcast" message, which thus does not explicitly specify the first vehicle as the recipient.
  • the sending of the warning message is preferably radio-based, for example using a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), for example in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 standard.
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously also be developed in such a way that the warning message emitted by the second vehicle is received by the first vehicle with the interposition of a trackside device.
  • This embodiment of the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in that in many cases the second vehicle will already be connected in any case with a link-side device, for example in the form of a route device of a train control system.
  • the corresponding track-side device can therefore be used to receive the warning message emitted by the second vehicle and forward it to the first vehicle in unchanged or changed form.
  • use is therefore advantageously made of the transmission of the warning message of such communication channels, which already exist anyway.
  • the inventive method can also be configured such that the emitted by the second vehicle warning message is received and logged by a central control device.
  • a central control device e.g., a central control device
  • received warning messages are received from the central control device with regard to their frequency and / or the circumstances of their occurrence.
  • the inventive method can also be developed such that in the event that the first vehicle and the second vehicle are track-bound vehicles, the warning message emitted by the second vehicle is received and logged by a central control device of a train control system ,
  • a central control device of a train control system This is advantageous because, especially in the case of lane-bound vehicles, commonly used train control systems have central control facilities that are suitable for receiving and logging the alerts.
  • the method runs in the context of an automatic shutdown of the first vehicle, in particular in a depot or in a siding from.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in situations in which the second vehicle is in front of the drive-up process.
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously also be developed in such a way that it is within the scope of an automatic clutch operation, wherein the emitted from the second vehicle warning message is used by the first vehicle as a criterion for detection of an automatic clutch operation.
  • This embodiment of the method according to the invention has the advantage that the first vehicle with the warning message, a criterion is provided that a coupling of the first vehicle is carried out with the second vehicle.
  • the warning message can be used on the one hand as an additional criterion.
  • the warning signal emitted by the second vehicle from the first vehicle may be used as the sole criterion for detecting an automatic clutch operation in the event that no clutch contacts are provided or, for example, a related malfunction of the first vehicle.
  • the vehicles operated in the context of the method according to the invention may be vehicles of any type.
  • the inventive method is so pronounced that vehicles are operated in the form of driverless vehicles.
  • driverless is to be understood such that at least at the time of the procedure, the vehicle has no driver. This therefore also includes the case that vehicles are operated in normal operation with the driver and, for example, only parking and / or clutch operations are carried out without a driver.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of driverless vehicles, as approaching two vehicles at small distances is technically difficult for driverless vehicles, so that Auffahrvor réelle can be avoided only with additional technical effort with high reliability.
  • the present invention further relates to a device for a vehicle, in particular a track-bound vehicle.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a device for a vehicle, in particular a track-bound vehicle, which allows an approach of two vehicles to short distances and can be realized with relatively little effort.
  • a device for a vehicle in particular a track-bound vehicle, with a detection device for detecting a collision of another vehicle on the vehicle, a transmission device for triggered by detecting the startup emitting a warning message and for receiving a warning message from another vehicle in the event that the vehicle itself is driven on the other vehicle, and with a control device for triggering a braking operation in the event of receiving the warning message from the other vehicle.
  • the device according to the invention can thus be used both in the first vehicle and in the second vehicle, based on the method according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a detection device for detecting a collision of another vehicle on the vehicle and a transmission device for emitting a warning message triggered by the detection of the startup.
  • the transmission device is also configured to receive a warning message from another vehicle in the event that the vehicle itself has ascended onto the further vehicle.
  • the control device is designed to trigger a braking event in the case of receiving the warning message from the other vehicle.
  • the device according to the invention is configured such that the detection device is designed, in the event that the vehicle is standing, to detect the approaching of the other vehicle to the vehicle based on standstill monitoring of the stationary vehicle.
  • the transmission device is designed to receive the warning message emitted by the further vehicle directly from the further vehicle.
  • the device according to the invention can also be developed in such a way that the transmission device is designed to receive the warning message emitted by the further vehicle with the interposition of a trackside device.
  • the transmission device is formed, triggered by detecting the startup of the other vehicle to send the warning message to the trackside device in order to transmit the warning message to the other vehicle.
  • a first vehicle 10 and a second vehicle 20 can be seen.
  • the vehicles 10, 20 are track-bound vehicles in the form of rail vehicles. Accordingly, the vehicles 10, 20 run on a track or a track 30th
  • the vehicle 20 is a vehicle parked in a depot or on a siding.
  • the first vehicle 10 now approaches in the direction indicated by an arrow 40, i. driving from left to right. It is assumed that the first vehicle 10 should be parked or parked as close as possible to the second vehicle 20.
  • first vehicle 10 and the second vehicle 20 unlike the representation of the figure, usually consist of more than one unit, i. for example, from a plurality of cars, will exist.
  • the two vehicles 10, 20 are designed such that an approach of the first vehicle 10 to the second vehicle 20 is detected.
  • the two vehicles 10, 20 each have a control device 11 or 21, a detection device 12 or 22 and an indicated in the form of an antenna transmission device 13 and 23, respectively.
  • the control device 11 is connected via communication links 14 or 15 in terms of communication technology to the detection device 12 and the transmission device 13.
  • the arrangement shown in the figure can now be operated such that a start-up of the first vehicle 10 on the second vehicle 20 by the second vehicle 20 by means of the detection device 22 is detected.
  • This is advantageously done based on a standstill monitoring, since a movement of the second vehicle 20, starting from its standstill usually can be detected reliably more than a caused by a Auffahrvorgang speed or acceleration change of the first vehicle 10.
  • the detection device 22, for example Position encoders are executed or comprise such a Wegimpulsgeber as a component.
  • a warning message is emitted by the control device 21 by means of the transmission device 23.
  • the emission of the warning message is radio-based.
  • the warning message emitted by the second vehicle 20 is received by the first vehicle 10 with the interposition of a trackside device 60.
  • the trackside device 60 is communication technology on the one hand to a trackside transmission device 50, which may be, for example, a wireless access point, and on the other hand connected to a central control device 70. It should be understood that the trackside transmitter 50 as well as the trackside device 60 could of course also be implemented as a common component.
  • this warning message from the trackside device 60 via the trackside transmission device 50 and the transmission device 13 are transmitted to the first vehicle 10 or forwarded.
  • This offers the advantage that corresponding communication channels for data transmission between the vehicles 10, 20 and trackside devices 60 in automatic train control systems usually already exist anyway. This is especially true in the case that the automatic train control system is designed as a CBTC system.
  • a braking operation is triggered by the first vehicle 10 and its control device 11 due to the emitted from the second vehicle 20 warning message.
  • the warning message emitted by the second vehicle 20 is received and logged by the central control device 70 directly or indirectly via the trackside transmission device 50 and the trackside device 60.
  • This allows received alerts to be evaluated by the central controller 70 with regard to their frequency and / or the circumstances of their occurrence. This creates the prerequisite for optimizing the parking of the track-bound vehicles 10, 20 in the future in such a way that undesirable driveways are avoided as far as possible or at least reduced in their frequency and / or severity.
  • the situation could also be present in the figure, for example, that the corresponding approach takes place in the context of an automatic clutch operation.
  • a (slow) driving of the first vehicle 10 onto the second vehicle 20 is thus basically desirable.
  • the warning message emitted by the second vehicle 20 can be used by the first vehicle 10 in this situation, on the one hand again to decelerate the first vehicle 10.
  • the warning message from the first vehicle 10 or its control device 11 continues to serve as a criterion for a Detection of an automatic coupling process can be used.
  • the warning message depending on the particular circumstances serve as an exclusive or as an additional criterion for detecting the coupling process.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention in accordance with the embodiments in connection with the embodiments described above in particular have the advantage that they allow an approach of two vehicles to short distances or support and can be realized with relatively little effort.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Description

Insbesondere bei spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen, bei denen es sich beispielsweise um Schienenfahrzeuge, spurgeführte Fahrzeuge mit Gummibereifung oder Magnetschwebebahnen handeln kann, besteht die Anforderung, dass sich zwei Fahrzeuge auch in einem automatischen, gegebenenfalls fahrerlosen Betrieb in Sondersituationen bis auf eine vergleichsweise geringe Distanz annähern können sollen. Dies betrifft einerseits insbesondere den Fall, dass eines der Fahrzeuge in einem Depot oder einem Abstellgleis möglichst nahe an ein bereits abgestelltes weiteres Fahrzeug angenähert werden soll. Andererseits besteht auch bei Kupplungsvorgängen die Notwendigkeit, dass sich zwei Fahrzeuge bis auf eine sehr geringe Distanz annähern. Insbesondere bei der Verwendung automatischer Zugbeeinflussungssysteme, etwa in Form eines CBTC (Communication-Based Train Control)-Systems oder eines autonomen sonstigen Fahrzeugs besteht hierbei das Problem, dass eine Annäherung der Fahrzeuge auf eine Distanz erforderlich beziehungsweise gewünscht sein kann, die kleiner ist als die mit der Positionsbestimmung des sich annähernden Fahrzeugs verbundenen Unsicherheiten. Dies hat zur Folge, dass sich in der Praxis insbesondere ein automatischer, gegebenenfalls fahrerloser, Beschädigungen der Fahrzeuge oder betriebliche Störungen vermeidender Betrieb in den zuvor genannten Sondersituationen schwierig gestaltet.In particular, in track-bound vehicles, which may be, for example, rail vehicles, track-guided vehicles with rubber tires or magnetic levitation, there is a requirement that two vehicles should be able to approach in an automatic, possibly driverless operation in special situations to a relatively small distance. On the one hand, this relates in particular to the case where one of the vehicles in a depot or a siding is to be brought as close as possible to an already parked further vehicle. On the other hand, there is also the need for coupling processes to approach two vehicles to a very small distance. In particular, when using automatic train control systems, such as in the form of a CBTC (Communication-Based Train Control) system or an autonomous other vehicle, there is the problem that an approach of the vehicles may be required or desired to a distance that is smaller than that uncertainties associated with determining the position of the approaching vehicle. This has the consequence that in practice in particular an automatic, possibly driverless, damage to the vehicles or operational disturbances avoiding operation in the aforementioned special situations made difficult.

Aus der Druckschrift EP 1 391 365 A1 ist eine "Elektronische Deichsel" bekannt. Diese ermöglicht es, einen nachfolgenden Zug auf wenige Meter an einen vorausfahrenden Zug heranzuführen und ihn in diesem Abstand elektronisch gekoppelt nachfahren zu lassen. Dabei sendet ein Schienenfahrzeug mit der Geschwindigkeit Null oder mit einer Geschwindigkeit unterhalb einer vorgegebenen Minimalgeschwindigkeit ein Telegramm aus, welches Steuerinformationen über die Fahr- und Bremswegsteuerung oder Bereitschaftssignale zur Aktivierung der elektronischen Deichsel für ein nachfolgendes Schienenfahrzeug enthält. Das nachfolgende Schienenfahrzeug nähert sich nach dem Empfang des Telegramms des vorausfahrenden Schienenfahrzeugs dem vorausfahrenden Schienenfahrzeug bis auf einen vorgegebenen Abstand an.From the publication EP 1 391 365 A1 is an "electronic drawbar" known. This makes it possible to introduce a subsequent train to a few meters to a train in front and to let him drive electronically coupled at this distance. In this case, a rail vehicle transmits at zero speed or at a speed below a predetermined minimum speed a telegram, which control information on the driving and braking distance control or ready signals to activate the includes electronic drawbar for a subsequent rail vehicle. The following rail vehicle approaches after receiving the telegram of the preceding rail vehicle to the preceding rail vehicle to a predetermined distance.

Aus der Druckschrift DE 10 2011 085 002 A1 ist ein "Verfahren zur Vermeidung eines Auffahrunfalls" bekannt. Ein Fahrerassistenzsystem des voranfahrenden Fahrzeugs stellt einen zu geringen Abstand und/oder eine zu hohe Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen den Fahrzeugen fest, woraufhin das Fahrerassistenzsystem des voranfahrenden Fahrzeugs ein Signal über zumindest einen heckseitigen optischen Signalgeber abgibt. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass das Signal ein Code ist, welcher von einem optischen Bilderfasser des nachfolgenden Fahrzeugs empfangen und von einem Fahrerassistenzsystem des nachfolgenden Fahrzeugs erkannt. Daraufhin trifft das Fahrerassistenzsystem des nachfolgenden Fahrzeugs eine Maßnahme zur Vermeidung eines Auffahrunfalls.From the publication DE 10 2011 085 002 A1 is a "method for avoiding a collision" known. A driver assistance system of the preceding vehicle determines too small a distance and / or too high a relative speed between the vehicles, whereupon the driver assistance system of the preceding vehicle emits a signal via at least one rear-side optical signal generator. It is provided that the signal is a code which is received by an optical image sensor of the following vehicle and detected by a driver assistance system of the following vehicle. The driver assistance system of the following vehicle then takes a measure to avoid a rear-end collision.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Betreiben von Fahrzeugen, insbesondere von spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen, anzugeben, das eine Annäherung zweier Fahrzeuge auf kurze Distanzen erlaubt und mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand realisierbar ist.The object of the present invention is to specify a method for operating vehicles, in particular track-bound vehicles, which permits an approach of two vehicles to short distances and can be implemented with comparatively little effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben von Fahrzeugen, insbesondere von spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen, wobei ein Auffahren eines ersten Fahrzeugs auf ein zweites Fahrzeug seitens des zweiten Fahrzeugs detektiert wird, von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgelöst durch das Detektieren des Auffahrens eine Warnmeldung ausgesendet wird und seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs aufgrund der von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgesendeten Warnmeldung ein Bremsvorgang ausgelöst wird.This object is achieved by a method for operating vehicles, in particular of track-bound vehicles, wherein a driving up of a first vehicle a second vehicle is detected by the second vehicle, triggered by the second vehicle by detecting the startup a warning message is emitted and the part of the first vehicle due to the emitted from the second vehicle warning message a braking operation is triggered.

Gemäß dem ersten Verfahrensschritt zeichnet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben von Fahrzeugen, insbesondere von spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen, dadurch aus, dass ein Auffahren eines ersten Fahrzeugs auf ein zweites Fahrzeug seitens des zweiten Fahrzeugs detektiert wird. Dies bedeutet, dass ein entsprechender Auffahrvorgang zwar nicht notwendigerweise angestrebt wird, jedoch dahingehend zugelassen beziehungsweise in Kauf genommen wird, dass eine Detektion des Auffahrens des ersten Fahrzeugs auf das zweite Fahrzeug erfolgt. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass die entsprechende Detektion nicht durch das auffahrende erste Fahrzeug selbst erfolgt, sondern durch das zweite Fahrzeug, auf welches das erste Fahrzeug auffährt. Im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann die Detektion des Auffahrens des ersten Fahrzeugs durch das zweite Fahrzeug auf beliebige, für sich bekannte Art und Weise erfolgen. So kann hierbei beispielsweise ein fahrzeugseitiges Hodometer beziehungsweise Odometer, etwa in Form eines Wegimpulsgebers, ein Beschleunigungssensor, ein Erschütterungssensor beziehungsweise Vibrationsdetektor oder auch ein Radarsensor verwendet werden.According to the first method step, the method according to the invention for operating vehicles, in particular track-bound vehicles, is characterized in that a drive-on of a first vehicle to a second vehicle is detected by the second vehicle. This means that a corresponding Auffahrvorgang is not necessarily desired, but admitted or accepted to the extent that a detection of the start of the first vehicle on the second vehicle takes place. It should be noted that the corresponding detection is not carried out by the approaching first vehicle itself, but by the second vehicle on which the first vehicle ascends. In the context of the method according to the invention, the detection of the launching of the first vehicle by the second vehicle can take place in any manner known per se. Thus, in this case, for example, a vehicle-side odometer or odometer, for example in the form of a Wegimpulsgebers, an acceleration sensor, a vibration sensor or vibration detector or a radar sensor can be used.

Gemäß dem zweiten Schritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird sodann von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgelöst durch das Detektieren des Auffahrens eine Warnmeldung ausgesendet. Hierbei kann das Aussenden der Warnmeldung auf beliebige, für sich bekannte Art und Weise erfolgen. Dies schließt insbesondere ein funkbasiertes Aussenden der Warnmeldung ein. Alternativ hierzu kann eine entsprechende Warnmeldung jedoch beispielsweise auch optisch oder im Falle von Fahrzeugen in Form von Schienenfahrzeugen auch über die Schienen als Übertragungsmedium ausgesendet werden.According to the second step of the method according to the invention, a warning message is then emitted by the second vehicle triggered by detecting the startup. In this case, the emission of the warning message can be done in any manner known per se. This includes, in particular, a radio-based transmission of the warning message. Alternatively, however, a corresponding warning message, for example, also be transmitted optically or in the case of vehicles in the form of rail vehicles on the rails as a transmission medium.

Gemäß dem dritten Schritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs aufgrund der von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgesendeten Warnmeldung ein Bremsvorgang ausgelöst. Hierdurch soll insbesondere eine Beschädigung der beiden Fahrzeuge sowie eine ungewollte Positionsänderung des zweiten Fahrzeugs verhindert werden.According to the third step of the method according to the invention, a braking operation is triggered by the first vehicle on the basis of the warning message emitted by the second vehicle. As a result, in particular damage to the two vehicles and an unwanted change in position of the second vehicle to be prevented.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren löst sich somit von der üblichen Vorstellung, dass ein Auffahren eines ersten Fahrzeugs auf ein zweites Fahrzeug in allen auftretenden betrieblichen Situationen jederzeit verhindert werden kann und muss. Aufbauend hierauf ermöglicht es das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, für den Fall, dass das erste Fahrzeug auf das zweite Fahrzeug auffährt, auf zuverlässige und robuste Art und Weise zu gewährleisten, dass das erste Fahrzeug bremst. Dies geschieht dadurch, dass von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgelöst durch das Detektieren des Auffahrens eine Warnmeldung ausgesendet wird, aufgrund derer seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs ein Bremsvorgang ausgelöst wird. Dabei ist es grundsätzlich denkbar, dass auch das erste Fahrzeug selbst Mittel aufweist, um das Auffahren auf das zweite Fahrzeug festzustellen und daraufhin einen Bremsvorgang einzuleiten. In diesem Fall wird somit dadurch, dass das zweite Fahrzeug eine entsprechende Warnmeldung aussendet, eine Redundanz geschaffen, durch welche sich insgesamt die Robustheit und betriebliche Sicherheit erhöht. Alternativ hierzu ist es jedoch auch möglich, dass das Auffahren des ersten Fahrzeugs auf das zweite Fahrzeug ausschließlich von dem zweiten Fahrzeug detektiert wird. Dies ist insbesondere dahingehend günstig, dass in diesem Fall das erste Fahrzeug selbst keine Mittel zum Detektieren des Auffahrens auf das zweite Fahrzeug aufweisen muss. Dies ist insbesondere in solchen Situationen vorteilhaft, in denen es situationsbedingt für das zweite Fahrzeug einfacher ist, ein Auffahren des ersten Fahrzeugs auf das zweite Fahrzeug zuverlässig zu detektieren.The method according to the invention therefore dissolves from the usual idea that starting up a first vehicle onto a second vehicle can and must be prevented at all times in all operational situations occurring. Based on this, the method according to the invention, in the event that the first vehicle ascends to the second vehicle, makes it possible in a reliable and robust manner to ensure that the first vehicle brakes. This happens because of the second vehicle triggered by the detection of the startup a warning message is emitted, on the basis of which a braking operation is triggered by the first vehicle. It is basically conceivable that the first vehicle itself has means to determine the collision with the second vehicle and then initiate a braking operation. In this case, a redundancy is thus created by the fact that the second vehicle emits a corresponding warning message, which increases overall the robustness and operational safety. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the drive-up of the first vehicle to the second vehicle to be detected exclusively by the second vehicle. This is particularly favorable in that in this case the first vehicle itself does not have to have means for detecting the approach to the second vehicle. This is advantageous in particular in those situations in which it is easier for the second vehicle, as a result of the situation, to reliably detect a collision of the first vehicle with the second vehicle.

Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung sowohl das erste Fahrzeug als auch das zweite Fahrzeug aus einer beliebigen Anzahl angetriebener und/oder nicht angetriebener, fest oder lose miteinander verbundener beziehungsweise gekoppelter oder gekuppelter Einheiten bestehen können.It should be noted that in the context of the present invention, both the first vehicle and the second vehicle may consist of any number of driven and / or non-driven, fixed or loosely connected or coupled or coupled units.

Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird in dem Fall, dass das zweite Fahrzeug steht, das Auffahren des ersten Fahrzeugs auf das stehende zweite Fahrzeug seitens des zweiten Fahrzeugs basierend auf einer Stillstandsüberwachung detektiert. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da insbesondere bei einer Annäherung des ersten Fahrzeugs an ein stehendes zweites Fahrzeug es für Letzteres in der Regel einfacher ist, das Auffahren des ersten Fahrzeugs auf das zweite Fahrzeug zuverlässig und schnell zu detektieren. Dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, dass insbesondere Fahrzeuge in Form von Schienenfahrzeugen häufig bereits eine entsprechende Stillstandsüberwachung aufweisen, die in vielen Fällen auch dann aktiv ist, wenn das betreffende Fahrzeug geparkt beziehungsweise abgestellt ist. Im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann nun die entsprechende Still-standsüberwachung vorteilhafterweise dafür verwendet werden, das Auffahren des ersten Fahrzeugs auf das zweite Fahrzeug zu detektieren. Dies bietet insbesondere den Vorteil, dass weder seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs noch seitens des zweiten Fahrzeugs zusätzliche Komponenten zur Detektion eines entsprechenden Auffahrvorgangs erforderlich sind.According to the method according to the invention, in the event that the second vehicle is stationary, the approach of the first vehicle to the stationary second vehicle is detected by the second vehicle based on a standstill monitoring. This is advantageous since, in particular, when the first vehicle approaches a stationary second vehicle, it is generally easier for the latter to reliably and quickly detect the approach of the first vehicle to the second vehicle. It should be noted that in particular vehicles in the form of rail vehicles often already have a corresponding standstill monitoring, which is also active in many cases when the vehicle in question is parked or parked. In the context of the method according to the invention, the corresponding standstill monitoring can now advantageously be used to detect the approach of the first vehicle to the second vehicle. This offers in particular the advantage that neither components of the first vehicle nor of the second vehicle are required for detecting a corresponding start-up procedure.

Vorzugsweise kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch derart ausgestaltet sein, dass die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgesendete Warnmeldung unmittelbar von dem ersten Fahrzeug empfangen wird. In diesem Fall wird die Warnmeldung somit ohne Zwischenschaltung weiterer, insbesondere streckenseitiger Komponenten von dem ersten Fahrzeug empfangen. Hierzu kann das Aussenden der Warnmeldung durch das zweite Fahrzeug beispielsweise in Form einer "Broadcast"-Nachricht erfolgen, welche somit das erste Fahrzeug nicht ausdrücklich als Empfänger spezifiziert. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass es dem zweiten Fahrzeug nicht bekannt sein muss, welches erste Fahrzeug auf das zweite Fahrzeug aufgefahren ist und wie dieses erste Fahrzeug kommunikationstechnisch adressiert werden kann. Insbesondere im Falle von spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen und eines automatischen Betriebs bei Verwendung eines CBTC-Systems erfolgt hierbei das Aussenden der Warnmeldung vorzugsweise funkbasiert, beispielsweise unter Verwendung eines WLANs (Wireless Local Area Network), etwa gemäß dem IEEE 802.11-Standard.Preferably, the inventive method can also be configured such that the emitted from the second vehicle warning message is received directly from the first vehicle. In this case, the warning message is thus received without the interposition of further, in particular trackside components of the first vehicle. For this purpose, the sending of the warning message by the second vehicle, for example in the form of a "broadcast" message, which thus does not explicitly specify the first vehicle as the recipient. This offers the advantage that it does not have to be known to the second vehicle which first vehicle has ascended onto the second vehicle and like this one first vehicle communication technology can be addressed. In particular, in the case of track-bound vehicles and an automatic operation using a CBTC system, the sending of the warning message is preferably radio-based, for example using a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), for example in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 standard.

Alternativ zu der zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsform kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren vorteilhafterweise auch derart weitergebildet sein, dass die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgesendete Warnmeldung von dem ersten Fahrzeug unter Zwischenschaltung einer streckenseitigen Einrichtung empfangen wird. Diese Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist insbesondere dahingehend vorteilhaft, dass das zweite Fahrzeug in vielen Fällen bereits ohnehin kommunikationstechnisch mit einer streckenseitigen Einrichtung, etwa in Form eines Streckengerätes eines Zugbeeinflussungssystems, verbunden sein wird. In diesem Fall kann somit die entsprechende streckenseitige Einrichtung dafür genutzt werden, die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgesendete Warnmeldung zu empfangen und in unveränderter oder veränderter Form an das erste Fahrzeug weiterzuleiten. In diesem Fall wird somit vorteilhafterweise für die Übertragung der Warnmeldung von solchen Kommunikationskanälen Gebrauch gemacht, die ohnehin bereits vorhanden sind.As an alternative to the embodiment described above, the method according to the invention can advantageously also be developed in such a way that the warning message emitted by the second vehicle is received by the first vehicle with the interposition of a trackside device. This embodiment of the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in that in many cases the second vehicle will already be connected in any case with a link-side device, for example in the form of a route device of a train control system. In this case, the corresponding track-side device can therefore be used to receive the warning message emitted by the second vehicle and forward it to the first vehicle in unchanged or changed form. In this case, use is therefore advantageously made of the transmission of the warning message of such communication channels, which already exist anyway.

Vorzugsweise kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch derart ausgestaltet sein, dass die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgesendete Warnmeldung von einer zentralen Steuer-Einrichtung empfangen und protokolliert wird. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass neben einer unmittelbaren Reaktion in Form des Bremsens des ersten Fahrzeugs eine zeitlich entkoppelte Analyse und Auswertung ermöglicht wird.Preferably, the inventive method can also be configured such that the emitted by the second vehicle warning message is received and logged by a central control device. This offers the advantage that, in addition to an immediate reaction in the form of braking of the first vehicle, a time-decoupled analysis and evaluation is made possible.

Gemäß einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden empfangene Warnmeldungen von der zentralen Steuer-Einrichtung im Hinblick auf ihre Häufigkeit und/oder die Umstände ihres Auftretens ausgewertet. Durch eine solche Auswertung besteht die Möglichkeit, die Gründe für auftretende Auffahrvorgänge zu analysieren und erforderlichenfalls eine Optimierung der Steuerung der Fahrzeuge oder andere Vorkehrungen dahingehend vorzunehmen, dass ungewünschte Auffahrvorgänge für die Zukunft möglichst reduziert beziehungsweise vollständig vermieden oder aber beispielsweise zumindest die hierbei auftretenden Auffahrgeschwindigkeiten reduziert werden.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, received warning messages are received from the central control device with regard to their frequency and / or the circumstances of their occurrence. By such an evaluation, it is possible to analyze the reasons for occurring Auffahrvorgänge and if necessary to optimize the control of vehicles or other precautions to the effect that unwanted Auffahrvorgänge for the future as possible reduced or completely avoided or, for example, at least the Auffahrgeschwindigkeiten occurring here are reduced ,

Vorzugsweise kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch derart weitergebildet sein, dass in dem Fall, dass es sich bei dem ersten Fahrzeug und dem zweiten Fahrzeug um spurgebundene Fahrzeuge handelt, die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgesendete Warnmeldung von einer zentralen Steuer-Einrichtung eines Zugbeeinflussungssystems empfangen und protokolliert wird. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da insbesondere im Falle von spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen üblicherweise verwendete Zugbeeinflussungssysteme zentrale Steuer-Einrichtungen aufweisen, die für den Empfang und die Protokollierung der Warnmeldungen geeignet sind.Preferably, the inventive method can also be developed such that in the event that the first vehicle and the second vehicle are track-bound vehicles, the warning message emitted by the second vehicle is received and logged by a central control device of a train control system , This is advantageous because, especially in the case of lane-bound vehicles, commonly used train control systems have central control facilities that are suitable for receiving and logging the alerts.

Gemäß einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform läuft das Verfahren im Rahmen eines automatischen Abstellens des ersten Fahrzeugs, insbesondere in einem Depot oder in einem Abstellgleis, ab. Wie zuvor bereits erläutert, ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren insbesondere in solchen Situationen vorteilhaft, in denen das zweite Fahrzeug vor dem Auffahrvorgang steht. Darüber hinaus besteht insbesondere bei automatischen Abstellvorgängen, insbesondere von Schienenfahrzeugen, das Bedürfnis, zwei Fahrzeuge zwecks Ausnutzung des verfügbaren Platzes möglichst dicht einander anzunähern. Folglich kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren insbesondere in Zusammenhang mit entsprechenden automatischen Abstellvorgängen vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment, the method runs in the context of an automatic shutdown of the first vehicle, in particular in a depot or in a siding from. As already explained above, the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in situations in which the second vehicle is in front of the drive-up process. In addition, there is a need in particular for automatic shutdown operations, in particular rail vehicles, to approach two vehicles as closely as possible in order to utilize the available space. Consequently, the method according to the invention can be advantageously used in particular in connection with corresponding automatic shutdown processes.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu der zuvor genannten bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren vorteilhafterweise auch derart weitergebildet sein, dass es im Rahmen eines automatischen Kupplungsvorgangs abläuft, wobei die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgesendete Warnmeldung seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs als Kriterium für eine Erkennung eines automatischen Kupplungsvorgangs verwendet wird. Diese Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist den Vorteil auf, dass dem ersten Fahrzeug mit der Warnmeldung ein Kriterium zur Verfügung gestellt wird, dass ein Kuppeln des ersten Fahrzeugs mit dem zweiten Fahrzeug erfolgt ist. Dabei kann die Warnmeldung einerseits als ein zusätzliches Kriterium verwendet werden. Dies betrifft somit den Fall, dass auch seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs zumindest ein entsprechendes Kriterium, etwa basierend auf Kupplungskontakten, verfügbar ist. Andererseits kann die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausgesendete Warnmeldung seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs für den Fall, dass keine Kupplungskontakte vorgesehen sind oder beispielsweise eine diesbezügliche Störung des ersten Fahrzeugs vorliegt, auch als alleiniges Kriterium für eine Erkennung eines automatischen Kupplungsvorgangs verwendet werden.Alternatively or in addition to the aforementioned preferred embodiment, the method according to the invention can advantageously also be developed in such a way that it is within the scope of an automatic clutch operation, wherein the emitted from the second vehicle warning message is used by the first vehicle as a criterion for detection of an automatic clutch operation. This embodiment of the method according to the invention has the advantage that the first vehicle with the warning message, a criterion is provided that a coupling of the first vehicle is carried out with the second vehicle. The warning message can be used on the one hand as an additional criterion. This therefore relates to the case that at least one corresponding criterion, for example based on coupling contacts, is also available on the part of the first vehicle. On the other hand, the warning signal emitted by the second vehicle from the first vehicle may be used as the sole criterion for detecting an automatic clutch operation in the event that no clutch contacts are provided or, for example, a related malfunction of the first vehicle.

Grundsätzlich kann es sich bei den im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens betriebenen Fahrzeugen um Fahrzeuge beliebiger Art handeln.In principle, the vehicles operated in the context of the method according to the invention may be vehicles of any type.

Vorzugsweise ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren derart ausgeprägt, dass Fahrzeuge in Form von fahrerlosen Fahrzeugen betrieben werden. Dabei ist der Begriff "fahrerlos" derart zu verstehen, dass zumindest zum Zeitpunkt des Ablaufs des Verfahrens das Fahrzeug keinen Fahrer aufweist. Dies schließt somit auch den Fall ein, dass Fahrzeuge im Regelbetrieb mit Fahrer betrieben werden und beispielsweise lediglich Abstell- und/oder Kupplungsvorgänge fahrerlos erfolgen. Unabhängig hiervon ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren im Falle von fahrerlosen Fahrzeugen besonders vorteilhaft, da für fahrerlos betriebene Fahrzeuge eine Annäherung zweier Fahrzeuge auf geringe Distanzen technisch schwierig ist, so dass Auffahrvorgänge nur mit zusätzlichem technischen Aufwand mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit vermeidbar sind.Preferably, the inventive method is so pronounced that vehicles are operated in the form of driverless vehicles. The term "driverless" is to be understood such that at least at the time of the procedure, the vehicle has no driver. This therefore also includes the case that vehicles are operated in normal operation with the driver and, for example, only parking and / or clutch operations are carried out without a driver. Regardless of this, the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of driverless vehicles, as approaching two vehicles at small distances is technically difficult for driverless vehicles, so that Auffahrvorgänge can be avoided only with additional technical effort with high reliability.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Vorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein spurgebundenes Fahrzeug.The present invention further relates to a device for a vehicle, in particular a track-bound vehicle.

Hinsichtlich der Vorrichtung liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein spurgebundenes Fahrzeug anzugeben, die eine Annäherung zweier Fahrzeuge auf kurze Distanzen erlaubt und mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand realisierbar ist.With regard to the device, the present invention has for its object to provide a device for a vehicle, in particular a track-bound vehicle, which allows an approach of two vehicles to short distances and can be realized with relatively little effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein spurgebundenes Fahrzeug, mit einer Detektions-Einrichtung zum Detektieren eines Auffahrens eines anderen Fahrzeugs auf das Fahrzeug, einer Übertragungs-Einrichtung zum durch das Detektieren des Auffahrens ausgelösten Aussenden einer Warnmeldung sowie zum Empfangen einer Warnmeldung von einem weiteren Fahrzeug für den Fall, dass das Fahrzeug selbst auf das weitere Fahrzeug aufgefahren ist, und mit einer Steuer-Einrichtung zum Auslösen eines Bremsvorgangs im Falle des Empfangs der Warnmeldung von dem weiteren Fahrzeug.This object is achieved by a device for a vehicle, in particular a track-bound vehicle, with a detection device for detecting a collision of another vehicle on the vehicle, a transmission device for triggered by detecting the startup emitting a warning message and for receiving a warning message from another vehicle in the event that the vehicle itself is driven on the other vehicle, and with a control device for triggering a braking operation in the event of receiving the warning message from the other vehicle.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann somit bezogen auf das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowohl in dem ersten Fahrzeug als auch in dem zweiten Fahrzeug eingesetzt werden. So weist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eine Detektions-Einrichtung zum Detektieren eines Auffahrens eines anderen Fahrzeugs auf das Fahrzeug auf sowie eine Übertragungs-Einrichtung zum durch das Detektieren des Auffahrens ausgelösten Aussenden einer Warnmeldung. Gleichzeitig ist die Übertragungs-Einrichtung auch zum Empfangen einer Warnmeldung von einem weiteren Fahrzeug ausgebildet für den Fall, dass das Fahrzeug selbst auf das weitere Fahrzeug aufgefahren ist. Hierbei ist die Steuer-Einrichtung zum Auslösen eines Bremsvorgangs im Falle des Empfangs der Warnmeldung von dem weiteren Fahrzeug ausgebildet.The device according to the invention can thus be used both in the first vehicle and in the second vehicle, based on the method according to the invention. Thus, the device according to the invention comprises a detection device for detecting a collision of another vehicle on the vehicle and a transmission device for emitting a warning message triggered by the detection of the startup. At the same time, the transmission device is also configured to receive a warning message from another vehicle in the event that the vehicle itself has ascended onto the further vehicle. Here, the control device is designed to trigger a braking event in the case of receiving the warning message from the other vehicle.

Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung entsprechen im Wesentlichen denjenigen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, so dass diesbezüglich auf die entsprechenden vorstehenden Ausführungen verwiesen wird. Gleiches gilt hinsichtlich der im Folgenden genannten bevorzugten Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, so dass auch diesbezüglich auf die Erläuterungen im Zusammenhang mit der jeweiligen entsprechenden bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens verwiesen wird.The advantages of the device according to the invention essentially correspond to those of the method according to the invention, see above that in this regard reference is made to the corresponding above statements. The same applies with regard to the following preferred developments of the device according to the invention, so that reference is also made in this regard to the explanations in connection with the respective corresponding preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist derart ausgestaltet, dass die Detektions-Einrichtung ausgebildet ist, in dem Fall, dass das Fahrzeug steht, das Auffahren des anderen Fahrzeugs auf das Fahrzeug basierend auf einer Stillstandsüberwachung des stehenden Fahrzeugs zu detektieren.The device according to the invention is configured such that the detection device is designed, in the event that the vehicle is standing, to detect the approaching of the other vehicle to the vehicle based on standstill monitoring of the stationary vehicle.

Gemäß einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist die Übertragungs-Einrichtung ausgebildet, die von dem weiteren Fahrzeug ausgesendete Warnmeldung unmittelbar von dem weiteren Fahrzeug zu empfangen.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the transmission device is designed to receive the warning message emitted by the further vehicle directly from the further vehicle.

Vorzugsweise kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung auch derart weitergebildet sein, dass die Übertragungs-Einrichtung ausgebildet ist, die von dem weiteren Fahrzeug ausgesendete Warnmeldung unter Zwischenschaltung einer streckenseitigen Einrichtung zu empfangen.Preferably, the device according to the invention can also be developed in such a way that the transmission device is designed to receive the warning message emitted by the further vehicle with the interposition of a trackside device.

Gemäß einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist die Übertragungs-Einrichtung ausgebildet, ausgelöst durch das Detektieren des Auffahrens des anderen Fahrzeugs die Warnmeldung an die streckenseitige Einrichtung auszusenden zwecks Übermittlung der Warnmeldung an das andere Fahrzeug.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the transmission device is formed, triggered by detecting the startup of the other vehicle to send the warning message to the trackside device in order to transmit the warning message to the other vehicle.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Hierzu zeigt die

Figur
in einer schematischen Skizze zur Erläuterung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zwei Fahrzeuge mit einem Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments. This shows the
figure
in a schematic sketch for explaining an embodiment of the invention Method two vehicles with an embodiment of the device according to the invention.

In der Figur sind ein erstes Fahrzeug 10 sowie ein zweites Fahrzeug 20 erkennbar. Im Rahmen des beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiels sei hierbei angenommen, dass es sich bei den Fahrzeugen 10, 20 um spurgebundene Fahrzeuge in Form von Schienenfahrzeugen handelt. Dementsprechend verkehren die Fahrzeugen 10, 20 auf einer Strecke beziehungsweise einem Gleis 30.In the figure, a first vehicle 10 and a second vehicle 20 can be seen. In the context of the exemplary embodiment described, it is assumed here that the vehicles 10, 20 are track-bound vehicles in the form of rail vehicles. Accordingly, the vehicles 10, 20 run on a track or a track 30th

In der in der Figur dargestellten Situation sei angenommen, dass es sich bei dem Fahrzeug 20 um ein in einem Depot oder auf einem Abstellgleis abgestelltes Fahrzeug handelt. An dieses zweite Fahrzeug 20 nähert sich nun das erste Fahrzeug 10 in der mit einem Pfeil 40 angedeuteten Fahrtrichtung, d.h. von links nach rechts fahrend, an. Dabei sei angenommen, dass das erste Fahrzeug 10 möglichst dicht an dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 abgestellt beziehungsweise geparkt werden soll.In the situation shown in the figure, it is assumed that the vehicle 20 is a vehicle parked in a depot or on a siding. At this second vehicle 20, the first vehicle 10 now approaches in the direction indicated by an arrow 40, i. driving from left to right. It is assumed that the first vehicle 10 should be parked or parked as close as possible to the second vehicle 20.

Zur Vermeidung von Missverständnissen sei darauf hingewiesen, dass das erste Fahrzeug 10 sowie das zweite Fahrzeug 20 abweichend von der Darstellung der Figur in der Regel aus mehr als einer Einheit, d.h. beispielsweise aus einer Mehrzahl von Wagen, bestehen werden.In order to avoid any misunderstanding, it should be noted that the first vehicle 10 and the second vehicle 20, unlike the representation of the figure, usually consist of more than one unit, i. for example, from a plurality of cars, will exist.

In der in der Figur dargestellten Situation besteht nun das Problem, dass der Abstand zwischen dem ersten Fahrzeug 10 und dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 so klein ist, dass seitens des sich annähernden ersten Fahrzeugs 10 eine präzise und zuverlässige Positionsbestimmung derart, dass eine weitergehende Annäherung des ersten Fahrzeugs 10 an das zweite Fahrzeug 20 ohne die Gefahr eines hiermit verbundenen Auffahrens auf dieses erfolgt, nicht oder zumindest nicht in allen Situationen zuverlässig gewährleistet werden kann.In the situation shown in the figure, there is now the problem that the distance between the first vehicle 10 and the second vehicle 20 is so small that on the part of the approaching first vehicle 10 is a precise and reliable position determination such that a further approximation of the first Vehicle 10 is connected to the second vehicle 20 without the risk of an associated startup on this, not or at least can not be reliably guaranteed in all situations.

Um auch in dieser Situation dennoch nicht auf eine weitgehende Annäherung des ersten Fahrzeugs 10 an das zweite Fahrzeug 20 verzichten zu müssen, sind die beiden Fahrzeuge 10, 20 derart ausgebildet, dass ein Auffahren des ersten Fahrzeugs 10 auf das zweite Fahrzeug 20 detektiert wird. Hierzu weisen die beiden Fahrzeuge 10, 20 jeweils eine Steuer-Einrichtung 11 beziehungsweise 21, eine Detektions-Einrichtung 12 beziehungsweise 22 sowie eine in Form einer Antenne angedeutete Übertragungs-Einrichtung 13 beziehungsweise 23 auf. Entsprechend der Darstellung in der Figur ist dabei die Steuer-Einrichtung 11 über Kommunikationsverbindungen 14 beziehungsweise 15 kommunikationstechnisch an die Detektions-Einrichtung 12 sowie die Übertragungs-Einrichtung 13 angebunden. Gleiches gilt in Bezug auf die Steuer-Einrichtung 21 des zweiten Fahrzeugs 20, welche über Kommunikationsverbindungen 24 und 25 an die Detektions-Einrichtung 22 sowie die Übertragungs-Einrichtung 23 angebunden ist.In order not to have to do without an extensive approximation of the first vehicle 10 to the second vehicle 20, even in this situation, the two vehicles 10, 20 are designed such that an approach of the first vehicle 10 to the second vehicle 20 is detected. For this purpose, the two vehicles 10, 20 each have a control device 11 or 21, a detection device 12 or 22 and an indicated in the form of an antenna transmission device 13 and 23, respectively. According to the illustration in the figure, the control device 11 is connected via communication links 14 or 15 in terms of communication technology to the detection device 12 and the transmission device 13. The same applies to the control device 21 of the second vehicle 20, which is connected via communication links 24 and 25 to the detection device 22 and the transmission device 23.

Die in der Figur dargestellte Anordnung kann nun derart betrieben werden, dass ein Auffahren des ersten Fahrzeugs 10 auf das zweite Fahrzeug 20 seitens des zweiten Fahrzeugs 20 mittels der Detektions-Einrichtung 22 detektiert wird. Dies geschieht vorteilhafterweise basierend auf einer Stillstandsüberwachung, da eine Bewegung des zweiten Fahrzeugs 20 ausgehend von seinem Stillstand in der Regel zuverlässiger detektiert werden kann als eine durch einen Auffahrvorgang verursachte Geschwindigkeits- oder Beschleunigungsänderung des ersten Fahrzeugs 10. So kann die Detektions-Einrichtung 22 beispielsweise als Wegimpulsgeber ausgeführt sein beziehungsweise einen solchen Wegimpulsgeber als eine Komponente umfassen.The arrangement shown in the figure can now be operated such that a start-up of the first vehicle 10 on the second vehicle 20 by the second vehicle 20 by means of the detection device 22 is detected. This is advantageously done based on a standstill monitoring, since a movement of the second vehicle 20, starting from its standstill usually can be detected reliably more than a caused by a Auffahrvorgang speed or acceleration change of the first vehicle 10. Thus, the detection device 22, for example Position encoders are executed or comprise such a Wegimpulsgeber as a component.

Ausgelöst durch das Detektieren des Auffahrens durch die Detektions-Einrichtung 22 wird seitens der Steuer-Einrichtung 21 mittels der Übertragungs-Einrichtung 23 eine Warnmeldung ausgesendet. Im Rahmen des beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiels sei hierbei angenommen, dass das Aussenden der Warnmeldung funkbasiert erfolgt.Triggered by the detection of the startup by the detection device 22, a warning message is emitted by the control device 21 by means of the transmission device 23. In the context of the described embodiment, it is assumed here that the emission of the warning message is radio-based.

In der Folge besteht nun einerseits die Möglichkeit, dass die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 ausgesendete Warnmeldung unmittelbar von dem ersten Fahrzeug 10 mittels der Übertragungs-Einrichtung 13 empfangen wird. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass eine unmittelbare Übertragung der Warnmeldung von dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 an das erste Fahrzeug 10 in der Regel eine schnellstmögliche Übertragung der Warnmeldung erlaubt.As a result, on the one hand there is the possibility on the one hand that the warning message emitted by the second vehicle 20 is received directly by the first vehicle 10 by means of the transmission device 13. This offers the advantage that an immediate transmission of the warning message from the second vehicle 20 to the first vehicle 10 generally allows the fastest possible transmission of the warning message.

Alternativ hierzu ist es jedoch auch möglich, dass die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 ausgesendete Warnmeldung von dem ersten Fahrzeug 10 unter Zwischenschaltung einer streckenseitigen Einrichtung 60 empfangen wird. Entsprechend der Darstellung der Figur ist die streckenseitige Einrichtung 60 kommunikationstechnisch einerseits an eine streckenseitige Übertragungs-Einrichtung 50, bei der es sich beispielsweise um einen WLAN-Zugangspunkt handeln kann, und andererseits an eine zentrale Steuer-Einrichtung 70 angebunden. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die streckenseitige Übertragungs-Einrichtung 50 sowie die streckenseitige Einrichtung 60 selbstverständlich auch als eine gemeinsame Komponente ausgeführt sein könnten.Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the warning message emitted by the second vehicle 20 to be received by the first vehicle 10 with the interposition of a trackside device 60. Corresponding to the representation of the figure, the trackside device 60 is communication technology on the one hand to a trackside transmission device 50, which may be, for example, a wireless access point, and on the other hand connected to a central control device 70. It should be understood that the trackside transmitter 50 as well as the trackside device 60 could of course also be implemented as a common component.

Sofern nun die Warnmeldung des zweiten Fahrzeugs 20 über die Übertragungs-Einrichtung 23 sowie die streckenseitige Übertragungs-Einrichtung 50 von der streckenseitigen Einrichtung 60 empfangen wird, so kann diese Warnmeldung von der streckenseitigen Einrichtung 60 über die streckenseitige Übertragungs-Einrichtung 50 und die Übertragungs-Einrichtung 13 an das erste Fahrzeug 10 übermittelt beziehungsweise weitergeleitet werden. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass entsprechende Kommunikationskanäle zur Datenübermittelung zwischen den Fahrzeugen 10, 20 und streckenseitigen Einrichtungen 60 in automatischen Zugbeeinflussungssystemen in der Regel ohnehin bereits vorhanden sind. Dies gilt insbesondere für den Fall, dass das automatische Zugbeeinflussungssystem als CBTC-System ausgeführt ist.If now the warning message of the second vehicle 20 via the transmission device 23 and the trackside transmission device 50 is received by the trackside device 60, this warning message from the trackside device 60 via the trackside transmission device 50 and the transmission device 13 are transmitted to the first vehicle 10 or forwarded. This offers the advantage that corresponding communication channels for data transmission between the vehicles 10, 20 and trackside devices 60 in automatic train control systems usually already exist anyway. This is especially true in the case that the automatic train control system is designed as a CBTC system.

Unabhängig davon, ob die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 ausgesendete Warnmeldung unmittelbar oder mittelbar von dem ersten Fahrzeug 10 empfangen wird, wird seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs 10 beziehungsweise dessen Steuer-Einrichtung 11 aufgrund der von dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 ausgesendeten Warnmeldung ein Bremsvorgang ausgelöst. Dies bietet somit den Vorteil, dass die im Rahmen des Abstellvorgangs unerwünschte Kollision der beiden Fahrzeuge 10, 20 schnellstmöglich dahingehend entschärft wird, dass das erste spurgebundene Fahrzeug 10 gebremst wird.Regardless of whether the emitted from the second vehicle 20 warning message is received directly or indirectly from the first vehicle 10, a braking operation is triggered by the first vehicle 10 and its control device 11 due to the emitted from the second vehicle 20 warning message. This thus offers the advantage that the collision between the two vehicles 10, 20, which is undesirable in the context of the stopping process, is defused as quickly as possible in such a way that the first track-bound vehicle 10 is braked.

Darüber hinaus besteht vorteilhafterweise die Möglichkeit, dass die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 ausgesendete Warnmeldung von der zentralen Steuer-Einrichtung 70 - unmittelbar oder mittelbar über die streckenseitige Übertragungs-Einrichtung 50 sowie die streckenseitige Einrichtung 60 - empfangen und protokolliert wird. Hierdurch wird es ermöglicht, dass empfangene Warnmeldungen von der zentralen Steuer-Einrichtung 70 im Hinblick auf ihre Häufigkeit und/oder die Umstände ihres Auftretens ausgewertet werden. Dies schafft die Voraussetzung dafür, das Abstellen der spurgebundenen Fahrzeuge 10, 20 in Zukunft derart zu optimieren, dass unerwünschte Auffahrvorgänge nach Möglichkeit vermieden beziehungsweise zumindest in ihrer Häufigkeit und/oder Heftigkeit reduziert werden.In addition, there is advantageously the possibility that the warning message emitted by the second vehicle 20 is received and logged by the central control device 70 directly or indirectly via the trackside transmission device 50 and the trackside device 60. This allows received alerts to be evaluated by the central controller 70 with regard to their frequency and / or the circumstances of their occurrence. This creates the prerequisite for optimizing the parking of the track-bound vehicles 10, 20 in the future in such a way that undesirable driveways are avoided as far as possible or at least reduced in their frequency and / or severity.

Alternativ dazu, dass sich das erste Fahrzeug 10 dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 im Rahmen eines automatischen Abstellvorgangs des ersten Fahrzeugs 10 annähert, könnte in der Figur beispielsweise auch die Situation vorliegen, dass die entsprechende Annäherung im Rahmen eines automatischen Kupplungsvorgangs erfolgt. In diesem Fall ist ein (langsames) Auffahren des ersten Fahrzeugs 10 auf das zweite Fahrzeug 20 somit grundsätzlich erwünscht. Die von dem zweiten Fahrzeug 20 ausgesendete Warnmeldung kann seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs 10 in dieser Situation einerseits wiederum dafür verwendet werden, das erste Fahrzeug 10 abzubremsen. Gleichzeitig kann die Warnmeldung seitens des ersten Fahrzeugs 10 beziehungsweise dessen Steuer-Einrichtung 11 weiterhin auch als Kriterium für eine Erkennung eines automatischen Kupplungsvorgangs verwendet werden. Dabei kann die Warnmeldung in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Gegebenheiten als ausschließliches oder auch als ein zusätzliches Kriterium für das Erkennen des Kupplungsvorgangs dienen.As an alternative to the first vehicle 10 approaching the second vehicle 20 as part of an automatic shut-off operation of the first vehicle 10, the situation could also be present in the figure, for example, that the corresponding approach takes place in the context of an automatic clutch operation. In this case, a (slow) driving of the first vehicle 10 onto the second vehicle 20 is thus basically desirable. The warning message emitted by the second vehicle 20 can be used by the first vehicle 10 in this situation, on the one hand again to decelerate the first vehicle 10. At the same time, the warning message from the first vehicle 10 or its control device 11 continues to serve as a criterion for a Detection of an automatic coupling process can be used. In this case, the warning message depending on the particular circumstances serve as an exclusive or as an additional criterion for detecting the coupling process.

Unabhängig von der jeweiligen betrieblichen Situation, in der das zuvor beschriebene Verfahren angewandt wird, eignet es sich besonders gut für einen Betrieb von fahrerlosen Fahrzeugen. Auch wenn eine Anwendung hierbei insbesondere in Zusammenhang mit spurgebundenen Fahrzeugen, etwa in Form von Schienenfahrzeugen, günstig ist, ist eine Spurbindung der Fahrzeuge 10, 20 grundsätzlich keine Voraussetzung für die Durchführung des Verfahrens. So besteht auch die Möglichkeit, dass es sich abweichend von der Darstellung der Figur bei den Fahrzeugen 10, 20 um autonome, nicht spurgebundene Fahrzeuge handelt.Regardless of the particular operating situation in which the method described above is used, it is particularly suitable for operation of driverless vehicles. Even if an application here, in particular in connection with track-bound vehicles, such as in the form of rail vehicles, is favorable, a track binding of the vehicles 10, 20 is basically no prerequisite for the implementation of the method. Thus, there is also the possibility that it is deviating from the representation of the figure in the vehicles 10, 20 to autonomous, not track-bound vehicles.

Unabhängig von der Art der Fahrzeuge 10, 20 sowie der jeweiligen betrieblichen Situation weisen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung entsprechend den Ausführungen im Zusammenhang mit den vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen insbesondere den Vorteil auf, dass sie eine Annäherung zweier Fahrzeuge auf kurze Distanzen ermöglichen beziehungsweise unterstützen und mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand realisierbar sind.Regardless of the type of vehicles 10, 20 and the respective operational situation, the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention in accordance with the embodiments in connection with the embodiments described above in particular have the advantage that they allow an approach of two vehicles to short distances or support and can be realized with relatively little effort.

Claims (13)

  1. Method for the operation of vehicles (10, 20), in particular of railbound vehicles,
    - in which the advancing of a first vehicle (10) to a second vehicle (20) is detected on the part of the second vehicle (20),
    - in which a warning message is transmitted by the second vehicle (20) triggered by the detection of the advancing,
    - in which a braking procedure is initiated on the part of the first vehicle (10) as a consequence of the warning message transmitted from the second vehicle (20),
    characterised in that
    in the event that the second vehicle (20) is stationary, the advancing of the first vehicle (10) to the stationary second vehicle (20) is detected on the part of the second vehicle (20) based on standstill monitoring of the second vehicle.
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the warning message transmitted from the second vehicle (20) is received directly by the first vehicle (10).
  3. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the warning message transmitted from the second vehicle (20) is received by the first vehicle (10) with the interpositioning of a trackside unit (60).
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the warning message transmitted from the second vehicle (20) is received and logged by a central control device (70).
  5. Method according to claim 4,
    characterised in that
    warning messages received from the central control device (70) are analysed with respect to their frequency and/or the circumstances of their occurrence.
  6. Method according to claim 4 or 5,
    characterised in that
    in the case that the first vehicle (10) and the second vehicle (20) are railbound vehicles, the warning message transmitted from the second vehicle (20) is received and logged by a central control device (70) of a train control system.
  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the method proceeds within the framework of automatic parking of the first vehicle (10), in particular in a depot or on a sidetrack.
  8. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the method proceeds within the framework of an automatic coupling procedure, wherein the warning message transmitted from the second vehicle (20) is used on the part of the first vehicle (10) as a criterion for detection of an automatic coupling procedure.
  9. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    vehicles (10, 20) are operated in the form of driverless vehicles.
  10. Device for a vehicle (10, 20), in particular a railbound vehicle, with
    - a detection device (12, 22) to detect the advancing of another vehicle to the vehicle (10, 20),
    - a transmission device (13, 23)
    - for the transmission of a warning message triggered by detection of the advancing and
    - for the reception of a warning message from a further vehicle in the event that the vehicle (10, 20) itself has advanced to the vehicle,
    - a control device (11, 21) for initiating a braking procedure in the event of the reception of the warning message from the further vehicle,
    characterised in that
    the detection device (12, 22) is configured, in the event that the vehicle (10, 20) is stationary, to detect the advancing of the further vehicle to the vehicle (10, 20) based on standstill monitoring of the stationary vehicle (10, 20).
  11. Device according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the transmission device (13, 23) is configured to receive the warning message transmitted from the further vehicle directly from the further vehicle.
  12. Device according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the transmission device (13, 23) is configured to receive the warning message transmitted from the further vehicle with interpositioning of a trackside unit (60).
  13. Device according to claim 12,
    characterised in that
    the transmission device (13, 23) is configured to transmit the warning message to the trackside unit (70), triggered by the detection of the advancing of the further vehicle, for the purpose of transmitting the warning message to the further vehicle.
EP16713374.3A 2015-03-27 2016-03-24 Method and device for vehicles which detect the approach of another vehicle from the rear Active EP3253642B1 (en)

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CN107428350B (en) 2019-11-01
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HK1244471A1 (en) 2018-08-10
ES2761700T3 (en) 2020-05-20
US10737708B2 (en) 2020-08-11
WO2016156215A1 (en) 2016-10-06
US20180105190A1 (en) 2018-04-19

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