EP2312201A2 - Lighting device for illumination of a building surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a first component provided in a circular installing element (12a) that includes a fixing unit (22a) for fixing side walls of the installing element. A second component is provided in a circular receiving element that includes a connecting unit for detachably fastening the receiving element to the installing element and a receiving unit for directly or indirectly receiving a light head. A third component is provided in a reflector element i.e. sub-reflector, which is detachably fastened to the receiving element.

Description

The invention initially relates to a luminaire for illuminating a building surface according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such lights have been developed and manufactured by the applicant for quite some time.

A luminaire with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is for example from the DE 196 32 665 A1 the applicant known.

The known lamp lights has a top reflector, a diffuser element and a sub-reflector.

Based on the known lamp, the object of the invention is to further develop a lamp with the features of the preamble of claim 1 such that an improved light distribution is possible.

The invention achieves this object with the features of claim 1, in particular with those of the characterizing part, and is accordingly characterized in that the upper reflector has a highly reflective inner surface which is divided into a plurality of segments.

The principle of the invention is therefore essentially to replace the conventional upper reflector, which has a continuous smooth inner surface, and which has a parabolic in cross section basic shape, by a faceted reflector. The faceted reflector allows individual calculation and design of the surfaces of the individual segments and thus the achievement of an optimized light distribution. In particular, narrow-distribution light distributions can thus be achieved which were hitherto not possible with luminaires of the prior art. Finally, a lower installation height of the lamp can be achieved. This offers, for example, in the event that the lamp is designed as a ceiling light, improved mounting options.

As a luminaire for illuminating a building surface in the sense of claim 1, each light is considered, which illuminates a building or building part surface or an outer surface, possibly also parking areas. Finally, this also lights, with which works of art, such as paintings or statues, can be illuminated.

Preferably, the invention relates to so-called downlights, so lights that are designed as recessed ceiling or ceiling lights and illuminate floor surfaces or side wall surfaces of a building.

The luminaire according to the invention comprises a top reflector and a bottom reflector. The phrases and directions above or below refer to the installation state of a lamp designed as a recessed ceiling luminaire.

The upper reflector is bowl-shaped and has an interior in which a lamp is located. The lamp, so the bulb, can either be inserted from the apex area or from a side wall into the interior. Starting from the lamp, direct light components can fall directly onto the top side of the diffuser element or only fall onto the diffuser element after reflection on the inside of the top reflector.

The diffuser element is arranged in the region of a light exit opening of the upper reflector. This formulation includes both a situation where the diffuser element is planar, i. H. is substantially flat and is thus arranged along a light exit plane of the upper reflector. Equally, however, the formulation also includes diffuser elements which, for example, are curved, in particular dome-shaped, and are arranged close to or in the region of a light exit opening of the upper reflector.

The diffuser element separates the upper reflector and the lower reflector from each other. Preferably, the upper reflector and lower reflector are formed by separate components. These can be combined to form a unit. The diffuser element separates the interior of the upper reflector of the interior of the subreflector.

The sub-reflector is preferably a darklight reflector.

The diffuser element is preferably translucent and may be formed, for example, from glass or plastic. It may be provided on its inside or on its outside partially or completely with a certain structure or roughness, in order to achieve an at least partially diffusive light effect. Alternatively, the material itself may also be selected on the basis of its structure in such a way that, in terms of lighting technology, at least partially diffusive behavior is achieved.

The side of the diffuser element facing the light exit opening of the luminaire, that is to say the underside of the diffuser element in the terminology of the claim, provides a separate light emission surface similar to that described in the Applicant's patent application cited above. As a result, an optimal light distribution can be achieved.

The upper reflector according to the invention is a faceted reflector. Preferably, it is a reflector with a plurality of segments, each having a curved, in particular curved towards the interior, surface.

Further advantageously, the upper reflector is rotationally symmetrical. This means that one, based on a longitudinal center axis of the upper reflector, rotationally symmetric light distribution can be generated.

When using a faceted upper reflector, there is the possibility of light components emanating from the lamp on to steer certain selected areas of the top of the diffuser element to achieve the desired light distribution curve on the building surface.

Advantageously, the plurality of segments has a curved surface. Further advantageously, all segments are equipped with a curved surface.

A curved surface in the sense of the patent application can be a spherically or aspherically or also cylindrically curved surface.

Preferably, the sub-reflector is a darklight reflector. This means that in order to reduce the glare effect, the geometry of the subreflector is made in such a way that a shadow space is provided by the luminaire into which no or almost no light components of the luminaire fall. Only when a viewer moves out of the shadow space and can see the underside of the diffuser element, also light components fall into the eye of the observer, which were reflected by the side walls of the subreflector.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the luminaire emits no or almost no light into a shadow space. The shadow space is provided or limited by a wall-side mounting surface for the luminaire and by a straight line. In the case of a recessed ceiling luminaire, the shadow space is limited on the one hand by the ceiling surface and on the other hand by the straight line. The straight line connects a lower edge of the lower reflector, which is effective in terms of lighting technology, to an opposite, upper edge of the lower reflector which is effective in terms of lighting technology. The angle between the straight line and the mounting surface is the cut-off angle.

Within the shadow space defined by the cut-off angle, no light is emitted from the luminaire. The first time a viewer passes the line, light enters his eye.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the diffuser element is arranged above a section of the straight line, this section extending within the subreflector. The section corresponds to the shortest connecting line between the upper, technically effective edge of the lower reflector with the opposite, lower photometrically effective edge of the lower reflector. Assuming a rotationally symmetrical design of the subreflector, and assuming further that this portion is rotated about the longitudinal centerline of the subreflector, this rotating portion forms an open-topped cone. The diffuser element is advantageously within this cone or borders on this cone. In degraded embodiments, the cone can also be exceeded slightly downward.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a lower edge of the diffuser element is arranged near the portion of the straight line extending within the subreflector.

The diffuser element may be formed substantially dome-shaped. This means that the diffuser element can be curved, if necessary, also designed as a truncated cone or pointed cone. It is advantageously frosted or teilmattiert formed to provide the desired diffusive lighting effect. It can also be provided that a ring-shaped area frosted and an inner, z. B. circular area, clear translucent is formed.

Overall, the luminaire can be designed substantially rotationally symmetrical about a central longitudinal axis. However, the invention also encompasses luminaires having a rotationally symmetrical upper reflector, a substantially rotationally symmetrical diffuser element and a sub-reflector whose upper peripheral edge is rotationally symmetrical and whose lower peripheral edge follows a square or rectangular contour, for example.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the upper reflector on a bowl-shaped basic shape and a highly reflective inner surface, which is divided into a plurality of segments. At least a majority of the segments each have an inwardly curved surface. The basic shape of this reflector is composed of a crown-proximal ball cap portion and a crest-distant portion of a rotating body. With such a reflector, a particularly advantageous light distribution can be achieved.

It is advantageously provided that the basic shape of the reflector deviates in its cross section from a parabola, and that the segments are designed and arranged such that when arranging a punctiform light source in a focal point center of the reflector, the vast majority of emanating from the light source and at the Inside the reflector reflected light rays parallel to each other.

The invention further relates to a reflector for a luminaire according to the preamble of claim 13.

Such a reflector is for example from the German patent application of the applicant DE 10 2004 042 915 A1 known.

The known reflector has an inner surface with numerous segments. The basic shape of the reflector follows a parabola.

Starting from the known reflector with the features of the preamble of claim 13, the invention consists in such a reflector further develop such that it can be advantageously used in a lamp according to claim 1.

The invention achieves this object with the features of claim 13, and is accordingly characterized in that the basic shape of the reflector deviates in its cross section from a parabola, and that the segments are formed and arranged such that when a punctiform light source is arranged in a focal point -like center of the reflector, the vast majority of the emanating from the light source and reflected on the inside of the reflector light rays parallel to each other.

The principle of the invention consists essentially in that instead of a basic reflector form, which follows a parabola, a basic shape composed of at least two different sections is formed. A near-crest region of the reflector can, for. B. be formed by a ball cap. Here follows the basic shape of the reflector so on the basis of a constant radius when looking at the cross section of the basic shape of a sphere.

A region of the reflector close to the edge, that is to say a region of the reflector which is distant from the vertex, however, has a differently shaped section. This can z. B. follow a parabola. This results a basic shape of a faceted reflector, which differs significantly from all conventional reflector forms known.

Alternatively, the basic shape of the cup-shaped or cup-shaped reflector can also be composed of a first portion which is arranged close to the crest and which is formed for example by a plane, and a second non-crest portion, of planar, slightly inclined to the bottom wall arranged side walls is formed. This results in a cross-section approximately trapezoidal shape, so that the reflector is designed cup-shaped overall.

The peculiarity of the reflector according to the invention according to claim 13 is that its basic form deviates from a parabola and, for example, is arbitrary. This can be reduced in the prior art required installation height of a cross-sectionally parabolic reflector.

On the other hand, the segments along the inner surface of the reflector are designed and arranged such that a substantially parallel beam path of the reflected light components is generated. Thus, a reflector is provided, which allows a narrow distribution of light at low height.

The segments are configured and arranged such that, when an essentially punctiform light source is arranged, whose luminous volume is relatively small, those light components which are emitted by the light source and reflected on the reflector form a substantially parallel beam of rays.

The arrangement of the light source takes place in a focal point-like center of the reflector. In case of a advantageous, about a longitudinal central axis rotationally symmetrical design of the reflector, this focal point-like center is located on the longitudinal central axis. From a focal point can not be spoken because of the deviation of the basic shape of the reflector of a parabola. However, the focal point-like center of the reflector is used for the calculation and predetermination of the surface segments to achieve the desired narrow Lichtabstrahlverhalten.

The reflector according to the invention allows for low installation height optimal light distribution. In particular, very narrow-beaming light distributions can be generated, which can not be achieved with conventional reflectors, even with conventional facet reflectors.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the reflector is characterized in that with the reflector a narrow-beam light distribution can be achieved, which is approximated to the light distribution of a parabolic reflector in cross-section.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the reflector is characterized in that the basic shape of the reflector from a substantially flat bottom wall and in cross-section substantially flat, in particular relative to the bottom inclined side walls, composed.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the reflector is characterized in that the basic shape of the reflector from a crest-near spherical cap portion and a crest-distant portion of a rotational body, such as rotational paraboloid or ellipsoid of revolution, composed.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the reflector is formed substantially rotationally symmetrical.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the reflector consists of pressed aluminum.

The invention further relates to a module system for luminaires according to claim 14.

Starting from the applicant's lamp described above, the object of the invention is to achieve, with a small number of components and the highest possible number of identical parts, variable light distributions.

The invention solves this problem with the features of claim 14.

The principle of the invention is essentially to achieve a change in the light distribution by replacing a diffuser element. For this purpose, at least two different diffuser elements are provided, which have substantially the same outer dimensions, but show different lighting properties. Thus, for example, a first diffuser element can be used, which is partially matted, and a second diffuser element can be used, which is completely frosted. In the partially frosted reflector element, for example, an inner, central region of a dome-shaped diffuser element can be unmatted, i. H. be left clear and an outer annular area be frosted. In the other diffuser element, a complete matting can be provided.

The same dimensions of the diffuser element, in particular the same or substantially the same height and same or substantially the same outer diameter, allow attachment of both diffuser elements at the same attachment points. A defined interface is provided to that extent. It is insignificant for the invention, whether an attachment of the diffuser element takes place on the upper reflector or on the sub-reflector or on a lamp housing. It is crucial that different diffuser elements, which have different lighting properties and thus allow different light distributions of the luminaire, can be fastened to the same fastening points.

As different lighting properties of two diffuser elements is also considered when different areas of a diffuser element are frosted or when areas of a diffuser element are matted to different degrees.

Finally, two diffuser elements with different lighting properties can also be formed by using different materials and / or different colors and / or different surface roughnesses or the like.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the two diffuser elements are dome-shaped.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the two diffuser elements have an equal height.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, both diffuser elements have a same outer radius.

Finally, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the first light distribution has a broad-emitting radiation and the second light distribution has a narrow-beam distribution. Finally, more than two diffuser elements may have the same outer dimensions but different lighting properties. For example, it is within the scope of the invention to provide three different diffuser elements, of which one broad-beam end and one narrow-beam is formed and another diffuser element enables a light distribution, as described for example in the German patent application DE 10 2005 022 054 ,

Finally, the invention also relates to a modular system for luminaires according to claim 15.

Starting from the in the German patent application DE 196 32 665 A1 described luminaire, the object of the invention is to provide a modular system which allows a variable light distribution with a small number vorzuhaltender components.

The invention solves this problem with the features of claim 15.

The principle of the invention is that different sub-reflectors are provided, which have the same or substantially the same external dimensions, but have different lighting properties. This may be, for example, subreflectors having the same diameter of an upper peripheral edge to provide a defined connection area, where, however different heights are provided, from which different lighting properties, namely, for example, different cut-off angle result. Finally, it may also be sub-reflectors, in which one or more inner sides are provided with light-guiding structures, for example, with numerous facets, for example, to illuminate a side wall or to generate focal points of gravity of a light distribution.

The modular system is advantageously characterized in that the first sub-reflector and the second sub-reflector are Darklight reflectors.

The modular system is advantageously characterized in that the first sub-reflector provides a first cut-off angle (α) and the second sub-reflector provides a second, different cut-off angle (β).

Fig. 1

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer teilgeschnittenen, schematischen Ansicht,

Fig. 2

einen Oberreflektor der Leuchte der Fig. 1 in Einzeldarstellung etwa in einer Ansicht gemäß Ansichtspfeil ll in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

den Oberreflektor der Leuchte der Fig. 1 in vergrößerter Einzeldarstellung in schematischer teilgeschnittener Ansicht,

Fig. 4

den Oberreflektor und die Lampe der Leuchte der Fig. 1 in Einzeldarstellung,

Fig. 5

in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 4 den gleichen Oberreflektor und eine andere, darin eingesetzte Lampe,

Fig. 6

in einer teilgeschnittenen schematischen Ansicht einen Unterreflektor einer Leuchte gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 7

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Unterreflektors in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 6 mit gegenüber dem Unterreflektor der Fig. 6 geänderten lichttechnischen Eigenschaften aber gleichen Abmessungen im Bereich des oberen Randes,

Fig. 8

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Unterreflektors in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 6,

Fig. 8a

eine schematische Innenansicht des Reflektors der Fig. 8 gemäß Ansichtspfeil VIIIa in Fig. 8,

Fig. 9

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Unterreflektors für eine erfindungsgemäße Leuchte in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 8,

Fig. 9a

eine Innenansicht des Reflektors der Fig. 9 in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 8a gemäß Ansichtspfeil 1Xa in Fig. 9,

Fig. 10

ein Diffusorelement für eine erfindungsgemäße Leuchte in Unteransicht etwa gemäß einer Blickrichtung des Ansichtspfeil II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 11

das Diffusorelement der Fig. 10 in einer schematischen teilgeschnittenen Ansicht etwa entlang Schnittlinie XI - XI in Fig. 10,

Fig. 12

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Diffusorelementes für eine erfindungsgemäße Leuchte in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 10,

Fig. 13

das Diffusorelement der Fig. 12 in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 11,

Fig. 14

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Diffusorelementes für eine erfindungsgemäße Leuchte in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 12,

Fig. 15

das Diffusorelement der Fig. 14 in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 13,

Fig. 16

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Reflektors, insbesondere mit einer Eignung als Oberreflektor einer Leuchte gemäß Fig. 1, in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 2, und

Fig. 17

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Reflektorelementes, welches für den Einsatz als Oberreflektor in einer Leuchte gemäß Fig. 1 geeignet ist, in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 16.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the non-cited subclaims and from the following description of the embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show:

Fig. 1

A first embodiment of a lamp according to the invention in a partially sectioned, schematic view,

Fig. 2

a top reflector of the lamp Fig. 1 in an individual representation, for example in a view according to the arrow 11 in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

the upper reflector of the luminaire Fig. 1 in an enlarged detail in a schematic partially cutaway view,

Fig. 4

the upper reflector and the lamp of the lamp Fig. 1 in individual presentation,

Fig. 5

in a representation according to Fig. 4 the same upper reflector and another lamp inserted therein,

Fig. 6

in a partially sectioned schematic view of a sub-reflector of a luminaire according to Fig. 1 .

Fig. 7

a further embodiment of a subreflector in a representation according to Fig. 6 with respect to the sub-reflector of the Fig. 6 changed lighting properties but same dimensions in the area of the upper edge,

Fig. 8

a further embodiment of a subreflector in a representation according to Fig. 6 .

Fig. 8a

a schematic interior view of the reflector of Fig. 8 in accordance with arrow VIIIa in Fig. 8 .

Fig. 9

a further embodiment of a subreflector for a luminaire according to the invention in a representation according to Fig. 8 .

Fig. 9a

an inside view of the reflector of Fig. 9 in a representation according to Fig. 8a according to arrow 1Xa in Fig. 9 .

Fig. 10

a diffuser element for a luminaire according to the invention in a bottom view approximately in accordance with a viewing direction of the arrow II in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 11

the diffuser element of Fig. 10 in a schematic partially sectioned view approximately along section line XI - XI in Fig. 10 .

Fig. 12

a further embodiment of a diffuser element for a luminaire according to the invention in a representation according to Fig. 10 .

Fig. 13

the diffuser element of Fig. 12 in a representation according to Fig. 11 .

Fig. 14

a further embodiment of a diffuser element for a luminaire according to the invention in a representation according to Fig. 12 .

Fig. 15

the diffuser element of Fig. 14 in a representation according to Fig. 13 .

Fig. 16

a further embodiment of a reflector according to the invention, in particular with a suitability as the upper reflector of a lamp according to Fig. 1 , in a representation according to Fig. 2 , and

Fig. 17

a further embodiment of a reflector element, which is suitable for use as a top reflector in a luminaire according to Fig. 1 is suitable, in a representation according to Fig. 16 ,

The designated in their entirety in the figures with 10 luminaire according to the invention will now be explained with reference to the embodiments. The following description of the figures is, however, preceded that for the sake of clarity identical or comparable parts or elements, sometimes with the addition of small letters, are provided with the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1 shows a lamp 10 according to the invention with a top reflector 11, a diffuser element 12 and a sub-reflector 13. The lamp has a dashed line only shown light housing 16, which comprises the essential components of the lamp. A lamp cap 15 may be firmly fixed relative to the housing 16 and a lighting means 14, so a lamp support. This protrudes into the interior 17 of the upper reflector 11, such that the actual luminous volume 19 of the luminous means 14 lies approximately on the central longitudinal axis L of the luminaire 10. In the following description, it is assumed that the luminaire 10, or at least the upper reflector 11, the diffuser element 12, and / or the sub-reflector 13 are each rotationally symmetrical about the central longitudinal axis L, at least with regard to their basic shape.

The upper reflector 11 has a cutout 23, through which the illuminant 14 can be inserted. In the embodiment of the FIGS. 1 . 2 and 4 are cutouts in the sense of an insertion opening for the lamp 14 in the region of a side wall portion of the upper reflector 11 is arranged. In a further embodiment according to Fig. 5 the cutout is arranged in the region of the vertex 21 of the reflector. There are also lamps of the invention, in which two or more cutouts arranged in the wall of the upper reflector 11 are to project a lamp in the interior 17 of the upper reflector.

The light of the Fig. 1 is designed as a recessed ceiling light and sits in the mounted state in a ceiling D such that a lower edge 31 of the lower reflector 13 is substantially flush with or at least close to the surface 32 of the ceiling wall D. The lamp 10 is used to illuminate a floor surface B, the in Fig. 1 is indicated. The distance A is not to scale.

However, the invention includes not only recessed ceiling lights, as in Fig. 1 shown, which are otherwise referred to as down lights, but equally ceiling lights, or lights are embedded in a building side wall or a bottom wall. In principle, the invention can also be used in lamps designed as spotlights.

The upper reflector 11 is formed in the luminaire 10 according to the invention as a faceted reflector. It has a highly reflective inner surface 20 having a plurality of segments 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f. Fig. 2 makes it clear by representation of an interior view of the reflector 11 that between the edge 22 of the upper reflector 11 and the apex portion 21 of the reflector numerous individual segments 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f are arranged. The segments can be arranged in particular in columns extending from the apex 21 to the edge 22 of segments, as indicated, for example, by the segment row 24a, 24b, 24c. At the same time, the segments can also be arranged in concentric rings, which is indicated by the segment sequence 24d, 24e, 24f.

Every single surface of a single segment is shaped in an individual way. In particular, all segments or at least a majority of the segments are provided with a surface that projects toward the interior 17 of the upper reflector 11, in particular with a curved surface. This surface may in particular be spherical or aspherical, in particular also cylindrically curved. In this regard, reference is made to the German patent applications of the Applicant DE 10 2004 042 915.4 . DE 10 2007 035 528.0 . DE 10 2007 035 396.2 and DE 10 2008 056 103.7 the content of which is hereby included in the content of the present patent application.

Some or more of the surfaces of the individual segments, in particular in the embodiments of the following to be described below Figures 16 and 17 , but may also be just trained, as for example in the German patent application DE 10 2008 063 370.4 the applicant is described. The content of this patent application is hereby included in the content of the present patent application in order to avoid repetition.

The calculation of the design of the surfaces is carried out by complex simulation methods in order to achieve an optimal light distribution.

The diffuser element 12 is translucent and consists for example of glass or plastic. It may be completely or partially frosted, in a particular embodiment of the invention also be formed completely unmatted. It is formed substantially dome-shaped and separates the interior 17 of the upper reflector 11 from the interior 33 of the lower reflector thirteenth

Based on Fig. 3 should first a particular feature of the invention a reflector 11, which in the light of Fig. 1 is used as upper reflector 11, are explained:

All of the previously known from the prior art faceted reflectors have a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the course of a parabola. The reflector according to the invention, however, has a completely different basic form:

The cross-sectional view according to Fig. 3 makes it clear that a region 25 of the reflector 11 arranged near the vertex 21 and approximately between the points P ₁ and P ₂ in the cross-sectional representation of FIG Fig. 3 runs, is formed by a ball cap. The dashed contour K ₁ illustrates by continuing the circular path beyond the points P ₁ and P ₂ addition that this section 25 follows a circular arc around the circle center M with radius R. The crest-near region 21 is thus formed in cross section by a circular path. Overall, the reflector section 25 follows a ball cap.

From the cross section of Fig. 3 It can also be seen that the area between the points P ₁ and P ₃ or equally between the points P ₂ and P ₄ deviates from the radius. These sections follow in the reflector 11 of the embodiment of Fig. 3 the contour of a parabola. The further course of the parabola is indicated by the dashed contour line K ₂ towards the region near the crest.

In other embodiments, the contour of this off-peak portion 26 may also follow any other contour, with the surfaces of the segments 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d are formed and arranged so that a parallel light beam is achieved.

This particular design of the basic shape of the upper reflector 11 in composition of a spherical cap portion 25 and a distant portion 26 with the arrangement of specially trained segments 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f, to achieve a particularly optimized light distribution curve at low height succeed: Overall, a very narrow distribution of light is possible, which can act on an upper side 34 of the diffuser element 12 in an optimized manner, so that the light distribution of the lamp 10 can be equally optimized.

This is to be illustrated by means of the light beams 27a, 27c and 27e. All of these light rays strike a spherical cap portion 25 of the reflector 11 Fig. 3 and are reflected as light beam portions 27b, 27d and 27f. The overall picture of the Fig. 3 In any case, in the schematic view, results in a relatively narrow-emitting light beam, which can be directed to a central region of the upper surface 34 of the diffuser element 12.

Light beam components, starting from a luminous volume 19 (indicated in FIG Fig. 3 ) to meet a parabolic section 26 of the upper reflector 11, such as the indicated light beam 27g are, at least partially, reflected at a larger opening angle, which should be indicated by the light beam portion 27h only by way of example.

However, the light ray portions 27h are also substantially parallel or nearly parallel to those on the Ball cap portion 25 reflected light beams, which are exemplified by the light arrows 27f, 27d, 27b.

Of course, with regard to the above description, it should be noted that the course of the light beams depends on the individual curvature of the surface of each individual segment 24.

In the sum of all light rays but results from the arrangement of a crest-near spherical cap portion 25 in combination with a crest-distant z. B. parabolic portion 26 and the special design of the segment surfaces optimal light distribution.

Out Fig. 3 In addition, it can be seen that the center M, which produces the ball cap 25, to the apex portion 21 has a greater distance than the luminous volume 19 of the protruding into the interior of the reflector 11 lamp.

The Fig. 16 shows in a representation similar to the Fig. 3 , an alternative embodiment of a reflector element 11, which as a top reflector in a luminaire according to Fig. 1 can be used.

The reflector 11 is in turn formed substantially rotationally symmetrical about a longitudinal central axis L and comprises a bottom wall 43, which is aligned substantially along a plane E.

Starting from this bottom wall 43, opposing side walls 44a, 44b extend almost vertically, at an angle α of about 80 ° downwards.

In cross-section, it can be seen that the side wall 44a, 44b are each formed along a plane.

The inner side 20 of the reflector 11 is filled with a plurality of segments 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d.

Again, a lamp 14 is inserted through a cutout 23 in the bottom wall 43 of the reflector 11 from above, ie along the longitudinal central axis L. The lamp 14 has a small luminous volume 19, so that the lamp can be labeled as a substantially punctiform light source.

The lamp 14 is arranged such that the luminous volume 19 is located in a focal point-like center Z of the reflector.

Starting from the center Z, light rays 45a, 45b, 45c, 45d, 45e, 45f, 45g exit and strike corresponding segment surfaces of the inner surface 20 of the reflector. They are reflected there as light beams 46a, 46b, 46c, 46d, 46e, 46f, 46g and leave the reflector as a substantially parallel, along the longitudinal central axis L aligned light beam.

It should be noted that Fig. 16 the relationships only schematically shows. However, the reflective surfaces of the segments 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d are formed and positioned so that such a light distribution is achieved.

This can also be a reflector 11 according to Fig. 16 a substantially parallel light beam, ie generate a very narrow light distribution.

It is further noted that by using a light source 14 according to Fig. 16 due to a Abblendkappe 47, which is part of the bulb 14, no direct light components are emitted. All, the reflector 11 leaving light components are reflected light components, so that can be taken care of for a very narrow light distribution.

Another embodiment of a reflector 11 according to the invention shows Fig. 17 , Here too, the reflection behavior of the reflector is shown merely by way of example with reference to a few light beams: The basic shape of the reflector 11 in accordance with FIG Fig. 17 is in turn made up of a vertex 21 near section 25 and a vertex remote section 26 together. The crest-near portion 25 is in turn formed as a spherical cap portion and may for example also be formed smooth continuous. It ensures that the light beams 45a, 45b coming from the light source 14 are reflected as parallel light beams 46a, 46b parallel to the longitudinal central axis L of the reflector 11.

The apex 21 remote section 26 is in the embodiment of Fig. 17 formed by a free surface, such that this section 26 has a curved shape when viewing the cross section. The numerous segments 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f are formed and arranged such that light rays 45c, 45d, 45e, 45f coming from the light source 14 impinge on these segments of the off-center portion 26 as parallel light rays 46c, 46d, 46e, 46f, which are also aligned parallel to the longitudinal central axis L, are reflected.

This can also with the embodiment of the reflector 11 of the Fig. 17 a parallel beam and thus a very narrow light distribution are generated. Also a Reflector 11 according to Fig. 17 is thus according to a luminaire Fig. 1 can be used advantageously as a top reflector.

The synopsis of FIGS. 4 and 5 is intended to indicate that the same diffuser element 12 is suitable for different lamp types:

Fig. 4 shows a lamp 14a, which projects through a cutout 23a in the side wall of the reflector 11 in the interior 17. Fig. 5 shows a second lamp type 14b, which protrudes through a close-up arranged opening 23b in the interior 17 of the reflector. Due to the particular basic shape of the reflector 11, comprising a spherical cap portion 25 and a parabolic section 26 and by the optimized choice of the surfaces of the individual segments 24, the same reflector for different lamp types 14a, 14b are used, only at different locations in the upper reflector 11th the insertion opening 23 is to be attached.

As evidenced by the embodiment of Fig. 6 the sub-reflector will now be explained:

The modular system according to the invention for assembling a luminaire according to Fig. 1 In one embodiment, it includes different subreflectors that have the same dimensions but different lighting properties.

The same dimensions in the sense of the present patent application, as according to the embodiments of the FIGS. 6 to 9a It can be explained that the connection areas of the respective sub-reflector 13 are kept the same. Thus, the two different subreflectors 13a and 13b of the FIGS. 6 and 7 same upper outer diameter S ₁ and S ₂ on. The outer diameter S ₁ and S ₂ are therefore chosen to be the same size, so that a kind of lighting interface to the diffuser element 12 of the lamp Fig. 1 is guaranteed.

However, the lighting interface makes it possible that the two reflectors 13a and 13b of FIGS. 6 and 7 have different heights h ₁ and h ₂ . The different heights and also the possibly differently curved inner surfaces 35a and 35b of the two sub-reflectors 13a and 13b result in the result, for example, at different cut-off angles.

In the FIGS. 6 and 7 in each case the upper side 32 of the ceiling wall is indicated, which forms an angle α or β with a straight line G. The respective straight line G connects a lower edge region 31 of the lower reflector 13 in each case with an opposite upper edge region 36 of the lower reflector 13. The upper photometrically effective edge 36 of the lower reflector and the lower peripheral edge 31 of the lower reflector 13 thus form this line due to their connecting line.

The angle between the respective straight line G and the upper side 32 of the ceiling wall D provides a cut-off angle. Darklight reflectors are concerned with providing a shadow space 37 into which no or almost no light is thrown from the luminaire. This complete dimming is achieved in that in the shadow space 37 of the lamp no or almost no direct light components emanating from the bottom 38 of the diffuser element 12, meet, and also no or almost no reflected light components emanating from the diffuser element 12 and once reflected on the inside 35 of the subreflector 13.

In particular Fig. 1 makes clear that those portions 39a, 39b of the line G, which extend within the interior 33 of the subreflector 13, with imaginary rotation about the longitudinal center axis L of the lamp 10 a pointed cone, upwardly open receiving space 40. The diffuser element 12 is in the lamp according to the invention 10 arranged so that it is housed within this receiving space 40 and advantageously with its bottom 38 abuts the sections 39a, 39b or this only slightly surmounted or intersects if possible.

A special feature of the lighting system according to the invention is shown in the FIGS. 6 and 7 It can be seen that the same upper reflector 11 and the same diffuser element 12 can each be combined with different sub-reflectors 13a, 13b in order to achieve different lighting properties of the luminaire 10.

The FIGS. 8 and 9 show two further embodiments of subreflectors 13c and 13d for a module system according to the invention for assembling a lamp according to Fig. 1 ,

The subreflectors 13c and 13d in turn have an identical photometric connection point by providing a same upper outer diameter S ₁ , which corresponds to the outer diameter S _{1 of} the embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 7 equivalent. The heights h ₁ and h _{2 of} the two sub-reflectors 13 c and 13 d are presently identical and correspond z. B. the height of the reflectors of FIGS. 6 and 7 ,

The peculiarity here is that a portion of the inner surface 35 of the subreflector 13c with numerous segments 41 a, 41 b is provided, which serve a special light control. Like the inside view of the Fig. 8a shows, the majority of the inner surface 35 of the sub-reflector 13c is formed smooth and occupied only a peripheral segment 42 in the manner of a circumferential angular range with facets.

By way of example, in terms of lighting technology, this segment can serve to replace a reflector blade required according to the prior art in order to direct light components, as illustrated by the light beam 28a, 28b, into an area relatively close to the top side 32 of the ceiling wall D. In particular, in the case of the formation of the lamp 10 as a downlight, which uses a sub-reflector 13c, the faceted peripheral area 42 of the inner side 35 of the reflector 13c of the illumination also serves ceiling-near wall areas.

Finally, the embodiment of the shows Fig. 9 and Fig. 9a in that a symmetrical design with respect to two mirror planes can also be achieved, such that two circumferential angle regions 42a and 42b of the inner surface 35 of the reflector 13d are occupied by numerous segments. Again, it should be noted that the surface of the segments is highly reflective and each individually shaped, in particular, is curved.

The different reflectors 13c and 13d can be combined and used in combination with otherwise identical components 11 and 12.

Based on FIGS. 10 to 15 will be explained below that different diffuser elements 12a, 12b, 12c used as part of a luminaire system according to the invention be able to shine 10 according to Fig. 1 to provide with different lighting properties.

All embodiments according to the FIGS. 10 to 15 have the same external dimensions. In particular, the outer diameter W ₁ , W ₂ , W ₃ is the same in all diffuser elements 12a, 12b, 12c. The peak heights m ₁ , m ₂ , m ₃ are identical in all three embodiments.

The diffuser element 12 is substantially dome-shaped, d. H. formed curved and consists of a translucent material, preferably made of glass or plastic. The top 34 and / or the bottom 38 of the diffuser element 12a, 12b, 12c may be provided with a particular structure, e.g. B. be roughened or be frosted in another way. Alternatively, the material itself, z. B. due to its structure, provide a matted transmissivity or cause a diffusive light scattering.

The embodiments of the FIGS. 10 to 15 show that in a first embodiment of a diffuser element 12a, the diffuser element is matted as a whole. In the embodiments of the FIGS. 12 and 13 an outer narrow edge region 29 of the diffuser element 12b is frosted and the inner central region 30 is not frosted, that is to say it is clearly formed.

In the embodiment of the FIGS. 14 and 15 is the frosted annular portion 29 in comparison to the embodiment of FIGS. 12 and 13 formed larger area and the inner, clearly held central area 30 with respect to the embodiment of FIGS. 12 and 13 formed smaller area.

The three diffuser elements 12a, 12b, 12c can be combined with identical top reflectors 11, light sources 14 and bottom reflectors 12, but due to the different matting provide for different lighting properties of the lamp 10. Thus, the diffuser element 12a provides for use in a luminaire according to Fig. 1 for a very wide distribution of light. Such a lamp is particularly suitable, for example, for use in normal room heights.

If, instead of the diffuser element 12a, a diffuser element 12b according to FIG FIGS. 12 and 13 in a light according to Fig. 1 used, a particularly narrow-emitting or deep-emitting light or such a light distribution can be achieved. This is particularly suitable for achieving a high degree of uniformity in rooms with high building ceilings.

With a diffuser element 12 c according to the FIGS. 14 and 15 Can be used in a luminaire according to Fig. 1 a focal point of gravity can be achieved under the luminaire.

This can be achieved only by selecting the diffuser element in otherwise identical components 11 and 13, a completely different light characteristics of the lamp.

The diffuser element 12 is like this Fig. 1 shows, advantageously arranged in the region of a light exit opening 18 of the upper reflector 11.

Instead of a dome-shaped design as shown in the figures, the diffuser element may also have a pointed cone or surface configuration.

An attachment of the essential lighting components 11, 12, 13 of the lamp 10 can be carried out either in a direct manner such that the three elements are fastened together. In this case, a handling unit can be achieved, which is set in total on the lamp housing 16. Alternatively, each of the three parts 11, 12, 13 are fixed relative to the lamp housing 16.

Claims (15)

Luminaire (10) for illuminating a building surface (B), comprising a shell-shaped upper reflector (11), in whose interior space (17) a lamp (14) is arranged, a diffuser element (12) arranged in the region of the light exit opening (18) of the upper reflector, and a sub-reflector (13), characterized in that the top reflector has a highly reflective inner surface (20) which is divided into a plurality of segments (24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f). Luminaire according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of segments (24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f) has a curved surface. Luminaire according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lamp is designed as a downlight (10). Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sub-reflector (13) is a darklight reflector. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lamp (10) radiates into a shadow space (37) into almost no light. Luminaire according to claim 5, characterized in that the shadow space (37) of a wall-side mounting surface (32) for the lamp and of a straight line (G) is limited. Luminaire according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the shadow space (37) is delimited by a straight line (G) which has a lower edge (31) of the lower reflector (13) which is effective in terms of lighting technology, with an opposite, upper, technically effective edge (13). 36) of the sub-reflector (13) connects. Luminaire according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the diffuser element (12) above a sub-reflector (13) extending portion (39a, 39b) of the straight line (G) is arranged. Luminaire according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that a lower side (38) of the diffuser element (12) near a within the lower reflector (13) extending portion (39a, 39b) of the straight line (G) is arranged. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diffuser element (12) is formed dome-shaped. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diffuser element (12) is formed frosted. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the diffuser element (12) is formed teilmattiert. Reflector (11) for a luminaire (10), in particular for a luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, with a bowl-shaped or cup-shaped basic shape and with a highly reflecting inner surface (20) which is divided into a plurality of Segments (24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f) is divided, wherein at least a plurality of the segments each have an inwardly projecting, in particular curved surface, characterized in that the basic shape of the reflector (11) in its cross section is deviated from a parabola, and in that the segments (24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f) are formed and arranged such that when a punctiform light source (14) is arranged in a focal point-like center (Z) of the reflector (11) the predominant portion of the light rays (46a, 46b, 46c, 46d, 46e, 46f) emanating from the light source and reflected on the inside (24) of the reflector extends parallel to one another. Modular system for luminaires, in particular for luminaires according to one of the preceding claims, in particular for downlights, comprising a shell-shaped upper reflector (11), which has a highly reflective inner surface (20), which in a plurality of segments (24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d , 24e, 24f), and in the interior (17) a lamp (14) can be arranged, and a sub-reflector (13), wherein in the region of the light exit opening (18) of the upper reflector, a diffuser element (12) can be arranged, wherein the Achieving a first light distribution, a first diffuser element (12a) is provided, and wherein to achieve a second light distribution, a second diffuser element (12b, 12c) is provided which same outer dimensions (W ₁ , W ₂ , W ₃ , M ₁ , M ₂ , M ₃ ) and different lighting properties. Modular system for luminaires, in particular for luminaires according to one of the preceding claims, in particular for downlights, comprising a shell-shaped upper reflector (11), which has a highly reflective inner surface (20), which in a plurality of segments (24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d , 24e, 24f) is, and in whose interior space (17) a lamp (14) can be arranged, and a sub-reflector (13), wherein in the region of the light exit opening (18) of the upper reflector (11) a diffuser element (12) can be arranged, wherein to achieve a first A second sub-reflector (13b, 13c, 13d) is provided, which has the same external dimensions (S ₁ , S ₂ ) and different lighting properties to achieve a second light distribution

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