EP2307347A1 - Methacrylate de methyle derive de la biomasse, procede de fabrication, utilisations et polymeres correspondants - Google Patents
Methacrylate de methyle derive de la biomasse, procede de fabrication, utilisations et polymeres correspondantsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2307347A1 EP2307347A1 EP09769489A EP09769489A EP2307347A1 EP 2307347 A1 EP2307347 A1 EP 2307347A1 EP 09769489 A EP09769489 A EP 09769489A EP 09769489 A EP09769489 A EP 09769489A EP 2307347 A1 EP2307347 A1 EP 2307347A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acetone
- methyl methacrylate
- methanol
- methyl
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- MWFMGBPGAXYFAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C#N MWFMGBPGAXYFAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 C 5 sugars Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- HXHCOXPZCUFAJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HXHCOXPZCUFAJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011258 core-shell material Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- DNZWLJIKNWYXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)=O.CCCCO DNZWLJIKNWYXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BPOZNMOEPOHHSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C BPOZNMOEPOHHSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003017 thermal stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 14
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000193403 Clostridium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000193401 Clostridium acetobutylicum Species 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terpinolene Chemical compound CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1 MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 2
- WWNGFHNQODFIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WWNGFHNQODFIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOOC(C)(C)C FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Butyleneglycol dimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C VDYWHVQKENANGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJCVRMIJBXTMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-2-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C=C YJCVRMIJBXTMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Hexadiene Natural products CC=CCC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYXHVRARDIDEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-cyclooctadiene Chemical compound C1CC=CCCC=C1 VYXHVRARDIDEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004912 1,5-cyclooctadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCVHEVPSMITDCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 MCVHEVPSMITDCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- OMNYXCUDBQKCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloro-1-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C)C(Cl)=C1 OMNYXCUDBQKCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWILHZQYNPQALT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-morpholin-4-ylpropanal Chemical compound O=CC(C)(C)N1CCOCC1 WWILHZQYNPQALT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVKNKYUEMVWBOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-propan-2-ylidene-1,2,7,7a-tetrahydroindene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C2C(=C(C)C)CCC21 MVKNKYUEMVWBOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFERIGCCDYCZLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1h-indene Chemical compound C1C=CCC2CC=CC21 UFERIGCCDYCZLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XOJWAAUYNWGQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INYHZQLKOKTDAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(C=C)CC1C=C2 INYHZQLKOKTDAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWAQOKCAUJGLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hex-5-enylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(CCCCC=C)CC1C=C2 UWAQOKCAUJGLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTQBISBWKRKLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(=C)CC1C=C2 WTQBISBWKRKLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAKPCRIFCXQISY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-prop-2-enylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(CC=C)CC1C=C2 UAKPCRIFCXQISY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005440 Altuglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021537 Beetroot Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N Carbon-14 Chemical compound [14C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000186522 Clostridium aurantibutyricum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193454 Clostridium beijerinckii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252203 Clupea harengus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001481833 Coryphaena hippurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008892 Helianthus tuberosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003230 Helianthus tuberosus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283222 Physeter catodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001125046 Sardina pilchardus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHOAAZUHLXRENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Fe+2].[Mo+4].[O-2].[O-2] Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2].[Mo+4].[O-2].[O-2] YHOAAZUHLXRENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004760 accelerator mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000800 acrylic rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sb] GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015241 bacon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC=C ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanethiol Chemical compound CCCCS WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBARAOFMHIVQQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C IBARAOFMHIVQQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000018747 cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and bilateral vestibular areflexia syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003026 cod liver oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012716 cod liver oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLDGJRWPPOSWLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N deca-1,9-diene Chemical compound C=CCCCCCCC=C NLDGJRWPPOSWLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFNDRVCFJKQSHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;potassium Chemical compound [K].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CFNDRVCFJKQSHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005448 ethoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005745 ethoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940013317 fish oils Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003869 genetically modified organism Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019514 herring Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNUJUFUYQWJARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-1-enylbenzene;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CCCCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KNUJUFUYQWJARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical compound C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000622 liquid--liquid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002211 methanization Effects 0.000 description 1
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VFTATQXKBPNQQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-hydroxy-2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=CO VFTATQXKBPNQQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021243 milk fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GDDAJHJRAKOILH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octa-2,5-diene Chemical compound CCC=CCC=CC GDDAJHJRAKOILH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-diene Chemical compound C=CCC=C QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005007 perfluorooctyl group Chemical group FC(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005373 pervaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000066 reactive distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019512 sardine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004296 sodium metabisulphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/18—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by conversion of a group containing nitrogen into an ester group
- C07C67/22—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by conversion of a group containing nitrogen into an ester group from nitriles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/18—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by conversion of a group containing nitrogen into an ester group
- C07C67/20—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by conversion of a group containing nitrogen into an ester group from amides or lactams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/52—Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C69/533—Monocarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C69/54—Acrylic acid esters; Methacrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2432/00—Cleaning articles, e.g. mops or wipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/05—Isotopically modified compounds, e.g. labelled
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/139—Open-ended, self-supporting conduit, cylinder, or tube-type article
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2991—Coated
- Y10T428/2998—Coated including synthetic resin or polymer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a methyl methacrylate derived from biomass, to a process for the manufacture thereof, to the uses of this methyl methacrylate as well as to its polymers.
- Methyl methacrylate is the starting material for many polymerization or copolymerization reactions.
- PMMA poly (methyl methacrylate)
- PMMA poly (methyl methacrylate)
- ALTUGLAS® poly (methyl methacrylate)
- PLEXIGLAS® poly (methyl methacrylate)
- It is in the form of powders, granules or plates, the powders or granules used to mold various articles, such as articles for the automobile, household and office items, and the plates found use in the signs and displays, in the fields of transportation, building, lighting and sanitary, as noise barriers, for works of art, flat screens, etc.
- Methyl methacrylate is also the starting material for the organic synthesis of higher methacrylates, which, like it, are used in the preparation of acrylic emulsions and acrylic resins, serve as additives for polyvinyl chloride, enter As comonomers in the manufacture of many copolymers such as methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymers, serve as additives for lubricants, and have many other applications among which one could mention medical prostheses, flocculants, products of maintenance, etc.
- Acrylic emulsions and resins have applications in the fields of paints, adhesives, paper, textile, inks, etc.
- Acrylic resins are also used for the manufacture of plates, having the same applications as PMMA.
- Methyl methacrylate can be obtained in a variety of ways, the most common route being acetone cyanohydrin (Engineering Techniques, Process Engineering, J 6400 1-6).
- acetone is reacted with hydrogen cyanide in basic catalysis to form acetone cyanohydrin. It is reacted with sulfuric acid, which gives rise by a strongly exothermic reaction to the formation of ⁇ -oxyisobutyramide monosulfate, which is converted into sulfuric methacrylamide. The latter is then hydrolyzed and esterified with methanol to form the desired methyl methacrylate, as well as the ammonium acid sulfate, the latter being recovered to regenerate the sulfuric acid.
- Acetone is the co-product of the synthesis of phenol obtained by decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide.
- Hydrogen cyanide is obtained either as a by-product of the synthesis of acrylonitrile by ammoxidation of propylene, or by the reaction of methane or methanol with ammonia.
- Ammonia was obtained by reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen, the latter itself being obtained generally by steam reforming of methane and / or by reaction of gas with water “Water Gas Shift" of the synthesis gas .
- the raw materials used for the synthesis of methyl methacrylate are mainly of petroleum origin or of synthetic origin. This process thus has many sources of CO2 emissions, which have been reported in the literature to be 5600g / kg of PMMA (Catalysis Today 99, 2005, 5-14) and therefore contribute to the increase of the greenhouse effect. Given the dwindling global oil reserves, the source of these raw materials will gradually be exhausted. Raw materials from biomass are renewable and have a reduced impact on the environment. They do not require all the refining steps, very expensive in energy, petroleum products. CO2 production is reduced so that they contribute less to global warming. Especially for its growth, the plant has consumed atmospheric CO2 at a rate of 44g of CO2 per mole of carbon (or for 12 g of carbon). So the use of a renewable source begins by decreasing the amount of atmospheric CO2. Vegetable materials have the advantage of being able to be grown in large quantities, depending on the demand, on most of the terrestrial globe including algae and microalgae in the marine environment.
- Biomass is the raw material of plant or animal origin naturally produced. This plant material is characterized by the fact that the plant for its growth has consumed atmospheric CO2 while producing oxygen. The animals for their growth consumed this vegetable raw material and thus assimilated carbon derived from atmospheric CO2.
- the purpose of the present invention is therefore to respond to certain sustainable development concerns and to propose a methyl methacrylate whose at least a part of its carbons is of renewable origin, or bioresourced.
- renewable or bioresourced raw material is a natural resource, animal or plant, whose stock can be reconstituted over a short period on a human scale. In particular, this stock must be renewed as quickly as it is consumed.
- biobased raw materials contain 14 C in the same proportions as atmospheric CO2. All carbon samples taken from living organisms (animals or plants) are in fact a mixture of 3 isotopes: 12 C (representing about 98.892%), 13 C (about 1.108%) and 14 C (traces: 1, 2.10 "). 10 %) The 14 C / 12 C ratio of living tissues is identical to that of the atmosphere.In the environment, 14 C exists in two main forms: in mineral form, that is to say gas carbon dioxide (CO2), and in organic form, that is to say of carbon integrated in organic molecules.
- CO2 gas carbon dioxide
- the 14 C / 12 C ratio is kept constant by the metabolism because the carbon is continuously exchanged with the environment.
- the proportion of 14 C is constant in the atmosphere, it is the same in the body, as long as it is alive, since it absorbs this 14 C as it absorbs 12 C.
- the average ratio of 14 C / 12 C is equal to l, 2xl ⁇ ⁇ 12 for a bioresourced material, while a fossil raw material (for example from oil, natural gas or coal) has a zero ratio.
- Carbon 14 is derived from the bombardment of atmospheric nitrogen (14), and spontaneously oxidizes with oxygen in the air to give CO2.
- the content of 14 C02 has increased as a result of explosions atmospheric nuclear power, and then continued to decline after stopping these tests.
- 12 C is stable, that is to say that the number of atoms of 12 C in a given sample is constant over time.
- 14 C is radioactive (each gram of carbon in a living being contains enough 14 C isotopes to give 13.6 disintegrations per minute) and the number of such atoms in a sample decreases over time (t ) according to the law :
- n is the number of 14 C atoms remaining at the end of time t
- the disintegration constant or radioactive constant
- the half-life of 14 C is 5730 years. In 50 000 years the 14 C content is less than 0.2% of the initial content and therefore becomes difficult to detect. Petroleum products, or natural gas or coal therefore do not contain 14 C. Given the half-life (Ti / 2 ) of 14 C, the 14 C content is substantially constant since the extraction of the materials. first bioressourced, up to the manufacture of methyl methacrylate according to the invention and even until the end of its use.
- the 14 C content of a "biomaterial” can be deduced from measurements carried out for example by the following techniques: by liquid scintillation spectrometry: this method consists in counting 'Beta' particles resulting from the decay of 14 C. Beta radiation from a sample of known mass (number of known carbon atoms) for a certain time. This 'radioactivity' is proportional to the number of 14 C atoms, which can be determined.
- the 14 C present in the sample emits ⁇ - radiation, which, in contact with the scintillating liquid (scintillator), give rise to photons. These photons have different energies
- the analysis relates to the CO2 previously produced by combustion of the carbon sample in an absorbing solution appropriate, or on benzene after prior conversion of the carbon sample to benzene.
- mass spectrometry the sample is reduced to graphite or gaseous CO2, analyzed in a mass spectrometer. This technique uses an accelerator and a mass spectrometer to separate 14 C ions and 12 C and thus determine the ratio of the two isotopes.
- the measurement method preferably used is mass spectrometry described in standard ASTM D6866-06 ("accelerator mass spectroscopy").
- the methyl methacrylate of the present invention contains organic carbon from biomass determined according to ASTM D6866.
- the present invention therefore firstly relates to a methyl methacrylate characterized in that it contains from 0.2xl0 "10 % to l, 2xl ⁇ " 10 % by weight of 14 C on the total mass of carbon according to ASTM D6866 preferably from 0.4 ⁇ 10 -10 % to 1.2 ⁇ 10 -10 % by weight of 14 C, more particularly from 0.6 ⁇ 10 -10 % to 1.1 ⁇ 10 -10 % by weight of 14 C, still more preferably from 0 to 10 % by weight. 8xl0 ⁇ 10 % to l, 2xl ⁇ ⁇ 10 % by weight of 14 C.
- methyl methacrylate according to the invention contains 100% of organic carbon derived from biobased raw materials and consequently l, 2xl ⁇ ⁇ lo% by weight of 14 C on the total carbon mass .
- the present invention also relates to a monomer composition containing methyl methacrylate as defined above and at least one polymerizable comonomer.
- the polymerizable comonomer or comonomers are chosen in particular from vinyl, vinylidene, diene and olefinic monomers.
- vinyl monomers acrylic acid or its salts of alkali or alkaline earth metals, such as sodium, potassium or calcium, (meth) acrylates, vinylaromatic monomers, vinyl esters, (meth) acrylonitrile, the (meth) acrylamide and the mono- and di- (alkyl of 1 to 22 carbon atoms) - (meth) acrylamides, and the monoesters and diesters of anhydride or maleic acid.
- the (meth) acrylates are in particular those of the formulas respectively:
- R ° and R 1 are chosen from alkyl radicals comprising 1 to 22 carbon atoms, linear or branched, primary, secondary or tertiary, cycloalkyl comprising from 5 to 18 carbon atoms, (alkoxy with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, carbon) -alkyl of 1 to 22 carbon atoms, (alkylthio with 1 to 18 carbon atoms) -alkylene with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, aryl and arylalkyl, these radicals being optionally substituted by at least one halogen atom (such as fluorine) and / or at least one hydroxyl group after protecting this hydroxyl group, the above alkyl groups being linear or branched, R 1 may also represent a methyl; and (meth) acrylates of glycidyl, norbornyl, naphthyl, isobornyl.
- methacrylates examples include ethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl and tert. butyl, n-amyl, i-amyl, n-hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, cyclohexyl, octyl, i-octyl, nonyl, decyl, lauryl, stearyl, phenyl, benzyl, ⁇ -hydroxyethyl, isobornyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxybutyl.
- acrylates of the above formula mention may be made of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl and tert. -butyl hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, isooctyl, 3,3,5-trimethylhexyl, nonyl, isodecyl, lauryl, octadecyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, perfluorooctyl.
- the term "vinylaromatic monomer” means an ethylenically unsaturated aromatic monomer such as styrene, vinyltoluene, alphamethylstyrene, methyl-4-styrene, methyl-3-styrene or methoxy-4-styrene. hydroxymethyl-2-styrene, ethyl-4-styrene, ethoxy-4-styrene, dimethyl-3,4-styrene, chloro-2-styrene, chloro-3-styrene, chloro 4-methyl-3-styrene, tert. 3-butyl-styrene, 2,4-dichloro-styrene, 2,6-dichloro-styrene and 1-vinyl-naphthalene.
- Vinyl esters include vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl chloride, chlorinated vinyl chloride, and vinyl fluoride.
- vinylidene monomer vinylidene fluoride is mentioned.
- diene monomer is meant a diene chosen from linear or cyclic, conjugated or non-conjugated dienes, for example butadiene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1, 4-pentadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,9-decadiene, 5-methylene-2-norbornene, 5-vinyl-2-norbornene, 2-alkyl-2, 5-norbonadienes, 5-ethylene-2-norbornene, 5- (2-propenyl) -2-norbornene, 5- (5-hexenyl) -2-norbornene, 1,5-cyclooctadiene, bicyclo [2] , 2, 2] octa-2,5-diene, cyclopentadiene, 4,7,8,9-tetrahydroindene and isopropylidene tetrahydroindene.
- the subject of the present invention is also a homopolymer resulting from the polymerization of methyl methacrylate as defined above, as well as a copolymer obtained from a monomer composition as defined above.
- copolymer is meant copolymers obtained by polymerization of two monomers and polymers formed from three or more monomers, such as terpolymers.
- polymer is meant homopolymers and copolymers.
- the polymers are prepared by radical polymerization according to the techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- the polymerization may take place in solution, in bulk, in emulsion or in suspension.
- the polymers can also be prepared by anionic polymerization.
- the copolymer according to the invention may be of random, block or alternating structure.
- the subject of the invention is also a block copolymer one of whose blocks is derived from the polymerization of methyl methacrylate as defined above.
- block copolymers include methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymers; methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene; styrene-butadiene-methyl methacrylate; methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate.
- the copolymer according to the invention can also be of core-shell structure, also called “core-shell”.
- core-shell structure means a multilayer structure having at least one elastomeric (or soft) layer, that is to say a layer formed of a polymer having a T g of less than -5 ° C. and at least one rigid (or hard) layer, that is to say formed of a polymer having a T g greater than 25 ° C.
- the T g polymer of less than -5 ° C is obtained from a monomer mixture comprising from 50 to 100 parts of at least one C 1 -C 10 alkyl (meth) acrylate, from 0 to 50 parts of a monounsaturated copolymerizable comonomer, from 0 to 5 parts of a copolymerizable crosslinking monomer and from 0 to 5 parts of a copolymerizable grafting monomer.
- the C 1 -C 10 alkyl (meth) acrylate is preferably butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl, octyl.
- the polymer of T g greater than 25 ° C. is obtained from a monomer mixture comprising from 70 to 100 parts of methyl methacrylate, from 0 to 30 parts of a monounsaturated copolymerizable monomer, from 0 to 5 parts of a copolymerizable crosslinking monomer and 0 to 5 parts of a copolymerizable grafting monomer.
- the polymer of T g greater than 25 ° C has a weight average molecular weight expressed in PMMA equivalents of between 10,000 and 1000000, advantageously between 50000 and 500000 g / mol.
- the monounsaturated copolymerizable monomer may be a
- the grafting monomer may be allyl (meth) acrylate, diallyl maleate, crotyl (meth) acrylate.
- the crosslinking monomer may be diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, divinyl benzene, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA).
- the homopolymer of methyl methacrylate as defined above and / or the copolymer obtained from a monomer composition as defined above are reinforced with the impact using at least one shock modifier.
- the impact modifier may be an acrylic elastomer such as methyl (meth) acrylate-styrene block copolymers; butyl (meth) acrylate-styrene; styrene-butadiene methyl (meth) acrylate; methyl (meth) acrylate-methyl butyl acrylate (meth) acrylate, etc.
- the impact modifier can also be in the form of fine multilayer particles, heart-shell structure as defined above.
- the multilayer particles can be of different morphologies.
- "soft" type particles having an elastomeric core (inner layer) and a rigid shell (outer layer) may be used.
- European application EP 1061100 A1 describes such particles.
- Hard-soft-hard particles having a rigid core, an elastomeric intermediate layer and a hard bark may also be used. US 2004/0030046 A1 describes examples of such particles. It is also possible to use soft-hard-soft-hard particles having in the order an elastomeric core, a rigid intermediate layer, another elastomeric intermediate layer and a rigid bark.
- French application FR-A-2446296 describes examples of such particles.
- the present invention therefore also relates to a polymer composition containing at least one polymer as defined above, in particular a composition comprising: a matrix polymer comprising at least one homopolymer of methyl methacrylate as defined above and / or at least one copolymer as defined above; and a polymeric additive, such as an impact modifier, chosen in particular from block copolymers, especially as defined above, such as methyl (meth) acrylate-styrene block copolymers; (meth) acrylate butyl-styrene; styrene-butadiene methyl (meth) acrylate; methyl (meth) acrylate-butyl acrylate
- the polymer composition may further comprise at least one additive chosen from thermal stabilizers, for example terdocecyldisulphide (DtDDS) or Irganox 1076; lubricants, for example stearic acid or stearyl alcohol; flame retardants, for example antimony trioxide or a brominated or chlorinated phosphate ester; organic or inorganic pigments; anti-UV, for example Tinuvin ® P; anti-oxidants, such as hindered phenolic compounds; antistatic; mineral fillers, such as, for example, talc, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide or organic fillers
- thermal stabilizers for example terdocecyldisulphide (DtDDS) or Irganox 1076
- lubricants for example stearic acid or stearyl alcohol
- flame retardants for example antimony trioxide or a brominated or chlorinated phosphate ester
- organic or inorganic pigments for example anti-UV, for example
- the polymer composition according to the invention may be in the form of powder, granules or pellets.
- the polymer composition according to the invention is especially used for the manufacture of objects and articles of everyday life. This may be, for example housings or casings of lawnmowers, chainsaws, jet skis, household appliances, car roof boxes; body parts; number plates; exterior wall panels of caravans and mobile homes; exterior panels of refrigerators; shower enclosure panels; building doors; window moldings; cladding.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a homopolymer as defined above, a copolymer as defined above or a polymer composition as defined above for making plates, cast plates, films, layers, fibers and tubes.
- the present invention also relates to: a multilayer structure comprising at least one layer obtained from a homopolymer, at least one copolymer or at least one polymer composition as defined above; an extrudable resin comprising a polymer matrix based on a homopolymer as defined above and / or at least one copolymer as defined above and highly crosslinked polymer particles, such as those described for example in the document EP 1022115; an acrylic emulsion or an acrylic resin, including a homopolymer and / or at least one copolymer as defined above; a manufactured article obtained from at least one composition as defined above, such as articles for automobiles, household and office articles, signs and displays, articles in the fields of transportation, building, lighting and sanitary; an article obtained by extrusion, coextrusion, hot pressing, multi-injection from at least one composition as defined above.
- the subject of the present invention is also a process for the manufacture of a raw material containing mainly methyl methacrylate as defined above, according to which acetone cyanohydrin obtained by condensation of hydrogen cyanide acid is used as reagent.
- acetone, and methyl methacrylate is prepared by a route involving the introduction of methanol, characterized in that at least one of acetone, hydrocyanic acid and methanol has been obtained by a reaction or a succession of reactions from the biomass.
- the process according to the invention may further comprise one or more purification steps.
- Raw material containing mainly methyl methacrylate means that the process leads to the production of methyl methacrylate MAM optionally comprising impurities related to the nature of the reagents used or generated during the process, this methyl methacrylate can then be used , optionally after a purification step, as a raw material in all the applications in which it is known to use MAM, in particular for the uses described above, in particular for preparing monomer compositions containing MAM, a homopolymer of MAM or MAM-based copolymers, or MAM-based polymer compositions until the manufactured articles described above are obtained.
- a reaction scheme of a manufacture of methyl methacrylate is as follows:
- acetone was obtained by aceto-butyl fermentation of C 6 and C 5 sugars, resulting in an acetone-butanol mixture, where appropriate with ethanol, from which acetone has been separated for example by distillation, in particular azeotropic distillation or by membrane separation (for example on pervaporation membranes) or separation on silicalite (Journal of the French Petroleum Institute, Vol 36, No. 3, 1981, pp. 339-347, Biotechnology Letters Vol 4, No.
- the Ce and C 5 sugars have advantageously been obtained from a material with a high sugar content chosen in particular from the lignocellulosic residues of agriculture and all materials of plant origin, such as cereal straw fodder. , such as wheat straw, straw or maize residues; cereal residues as maize residues; cereal flours, such as flour wheat; cereals such as wheat, barley, sorghum, maize; wood, waste and scrap wood; grains; sugar cane, sugar cane residues; shoots and stems of peas; beetroot, molasses such as beet molasses; Jerusalem artichokes; potatoes, potato tops, potato residues; starch; mixtures of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin; where appropriate subjected to mechanical treatment, such as shredding, grinding, extrusion, and / or chemical treatment, such as acid or alkaline water vapor treatment, and / or enzymatic hydrolysis treatment to release the C 6 and C 5 sugars.
- mechanical treatment such as
- Mechanical and chemical pretreatments aim at decreasing the crystallinity of cellulose by breaking bonds and increasing the contact surface of cellulose with enzymes.
- the hydrolysis step notably allows the saccharification of the starch to transform it into glucose or the transformation of sucrose into glucose.
- aceto-butyl fermentation was conducted using anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium beijerinckii, such as VPI 5481 (ATCC 25732), 4635, 2697, 4419 (ATCC 11914), Clostridium butylicum, such as VPI 13436 ( NRRLB-592), Clostridium aurantibutyricum, such as VPI 4633 (ATCC 17777), 10789 (NCIB 10659),
- anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium beijerinckii, such as VPI 5481 (ATCC 25732), 4635, 2697, 4419 (ATCC 11914), Clostridium butylicum, such as VPI 13436 ( NRRLB-592), Clostridium aurantibutyricum, such as VPI 4633 (ATCC 17777), 10789 (NCIB 10659),
- Clostridium acetobutylicum such as VPI2673 (McClung 633),
- the acetone was obtained by hydrothermal liquefaction at 573 K of sewage sludge to obtain a black water containing hydrocarbons, and then catalytic cracking of said black water in an atmosphere of water vapor on a zirconia or zirconia / alumina catalyst supported on an iron oxide, and then separation of acetone as indicated above, namely for example by distillation, in particular azeotope distillation, or by membrane separation or separation on the silicalite (Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 68 (2006) 154-159).
- acetone was obtained by catalytic conversion of palm oil residues on a zirconia or zirconia / alumina catalyst supported on an iron oxide and then separation of the acetone as indicated above, for example by distillation, in particular azeotopic distillation, or by membrane separation or separation on silicalite (Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 68 (2006) 154-159).
- hydrocyanic acid has been obtained by ammoxidation of methane, the methane having been obtained by fermentation, especially in the absence of oxygen, of animal and / or vegetable organic matter, such as liquid manure.
- pork, household refuse, agro-industrial waste leading to a biogas composed essentially of methane and carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide having been removed by washing the biogas with a basic aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or amine, or by water under pressure, or by absorption in a solvent such as methanol.
- This fermentation also called anaerobic digestion, occurs naturally or spontaneously in landfills containing organic waste, but can be carried out in digesters, for example to treat sewage sludge, industrial or agricultural organic waste, pig manure, garbage.
- the fermented mixture contains animal droppings, which serve as a nitrogen input necessary for the growth of the microorganisms that ferment the biomass into methane.
- animal droppings serve as a nitrogen input necessary for the growth of the microorganisms that ferment the biomass into methane.
- Ammoxidation of methane can be mentioned in which ammonia (where appropriate obtained from the biomass) is reacted with methane in the presence of air and optionally with oxygen on a catalyst composed of platinum-containing rhodium-plated canvases.
- a temperature ranging from 1050 to 1150 ° C.
- the molar ratio CH 4 / NH 3 ranges from 1.0 to 1.2
- the total molar ratio (CH 4 + NH 3 ) / O 2 ranges from 1.6 to 1.9
- the pressure is usually 1 to 2 bar.
- hydrocyanic acid was obtained by ammoxidation of methanol, the methanol having been obtained by pyrolysis of the wood or by gasification of all materials of animal or vegetable origin, leading to a synthesis gas composed essentially of carbon monoxide and hydrogen that is reacted with water, or by fermentation from crops such as wheat, sugar cane or beet, giving fermentable products and therefore alcohol .
- the materials of animal origin are, by way of non-limiting examples, fish oils and fats, such as cod liver oil, whale oil, sperm whale, dolphin oil, seal oil, sardine oil, herring oil, squales, oils and fats of cattle, pigs, goats, equines, and poultry, such as tallow, lard, milk fat, bacon, chicken fat, beef, pork, horse, and others.
- fish oils and fats such as cod liver oil, whale oil, sperm whale, dolphin oil, seal oil, sardine oil, herring oil, squales, oils and fats of cattle, pigs, goats, equines, and poultry, such as tallow, lard, milk fat, bacon, chicken fat, beef, pork, horse, and others.
- the materials of plant origin are those described above as raw materials for the acetobutyl fermentation.
- methanol was obtained as a starting material in the manufacture of the methyl methacrylate of the invention, by the pyrolysis of wood, by gasification or by fermentation according to what follows. to be described above for obtaining hydrocyanic acid by ammoxidation of methanol.
- the synthesis gas for preparing methanol comes from the recovery of waste liquor from the manufacture of cellulosic pulps.
- the methanol used in the ammoxidation of methanol above can advantageously be derived from biomass.
- hydrocyanic acid is condensed on acetone via basic catalysis to obtain acetone cyanohydrin; in a second step, the acetone cyanohydrin is reacted in a concentrated sulfuric medium to obtain ⁇ -oxyisobutyramide monosulphate, which is converted into sulfuric methacrylamide under the action of the heat of the reaction, which is highly exothermic;
- the methacrylamide is hydrolysed and esterified with methanol in order to form methyl methacrylate and ammonium acid sulphate, and the desired raw material is recovered.
- hydrocyanic acid is condensed on acetone via basic catalysis to obtain acetone cyanohydrin;
- the methyl hydroxymethacrylate is dehydrated to recover the desired raw material.
- the invention also relates to the raw material containing mainly methyl methacrylate having from 0.2xl0 "10 % to l, 2xl0 " 10 % by weight of 14 C on the total mass of carbon according to ASTM D6866, obtained according to the process as described above.
- wheat straw is shredded and the shredded straw is ground in a hammer mill. It is followed by acid treatment at a low concentration at a temperature of 100 0 C for about 1 hour. After neutralization of the acid, the medium is brought back to the pH of about 5 which is required by the enzymatic hydrolysis.
- a cellulase solution is prepared in the presence of nutrients in serial fermentors, the culture of the microorganism Trichoderma reesi being carried out in the first fermenters from straw previously ground, and the cellulose being produced in the following fermentors. From the contents of the last fermenter, the desired enzymatic solution is separated by centrifugation and filtration.
- Enzymatic hydrolysis of straw pretreated above by enzymatic solution above is carried out in series-connected reactors. After filtration, solutions of sugars in Ce and C 5 are collected. The filtrate which contains lignin is dried as a fuel.
- Aceto-butyl fermentation of the above-mentioned Ce and C 5 sugar solutions is carried out using the microorganism Clostridium acetobutylicum under aseptic conditions.
- the fermentation comprises two successive phases, the first leading to the production of acetic and butyl acids and the second to the production of acetone, butanol and ethanol in the following proportions by weight: butanol 68%; acetone 29%; and ethanol 3%.
- the acetone is separated by azeotropic distillation.
- a 1-liter jacketed glass reactor equipped with mechanical stirring and surmounted by a refrigerant is used.
- the temperature is controlled via a circulation of cold brine in the double jacket (cryostat).
- the determination of free HCN is carried out according to the Charpentier-Volhard method based on the precipitation of cyanide ions CN " using a solution of nitrate of silver N / 10 in excess and titration of the excess nitrate of silver with a solution of KSCN N / 10 in the presence of a Fe (SO 4 ) 3 indicator in solution
- a mixture comprising 1.53% by weight of free HCN, ie 0.533 mol / l, is obtained which equates to 10.855 mol / l converted HCN and a conversion rate to 95.32 mol% acetone cyanohydrin.
- the crude product is neutralized by adding excess sulfuric acid (neutralization of the basic catalyst) and then purified by distillation in vacuo.
- the unconverted acetone and HCN are eliminated at the top (progressive vacuum of 760 to 30 mm Hg and maximum temperature of 100 ° C. approximately).
- the preceding example is reproduced with 69.5 g of HCN resulting from the ammoxidation of methane from biogas and 149.4 g of acetone previously obtained by fermentation according to Example 1.
- the target reaction temperature is -15 ° C. 0 C (an exothermic peak at -9 0 C is observed for 9 minutes of reaction).
- Free HCN monitoring is performed as in the previous example.
- a mixture comprising 1.20% by weight of free HCN is obtained, ie 0.418 mol / l, which is equivalent to 10.667 mol / l of converted HCN and a degree of conversion to acetone cyanohydrin of 96.23. molar%.
- purified acetone cyanohydrin is obtained at 99.0-99.5% by weight.
- the amidation reaction of acetone cyanohydrin is carried out in a micropilot.
- the micropilot is composed of: - a stirred double-shelled glass reactor R1, itself composed of 3 stages of volume 120 ml each and cooled with thermostatically controlled water; each stage is separated by a perforated diaphragm and agitated by a turbine; - a pre-cooking double wall glass heat exchanger Rl-2 piston volume 60 ml and heated with oil;
- R2 stirred, consisting of 3 stages of volume 120 ml, a total of 360 ml and cooled with water thermostatically; each stage is separated by a perforated diaphragm and agitated by a turbine; - a glass envelope heat exchanger R3 flowing piston volume 36 ml; and
- This cascade of reactors operates continuously. Reagents are injected using pumps.
- the acetone cyanohydrin is continuously fed into each of the stages of the reactors R1 and R2, ie six points of introduction.
- Sulfuric acid is introduced continuously at the bottom of reactor R1.
- the reaction temperatures in R1, in R1-2, in R2, in R3 and in R4 are respectively 85 0 C, 120 0 C, 90 0 C, 140 0 C and 140 0 C. Only the residence time in the R4 reactor is critical.
- the relative proportion of acetone cyanohydrin injected into R1 and R2 is 70/30, with an equal distribution at each stage of the reactors.
- molar ratio (RM) H 2 SO 4 / CA 1.30 total flow rate of CA: 426.33 g / h; flow rate of H 2 SO 4 : 632.98 g / h.
- molar ratio (RM) H 2 SO 4 / CA 1.25 total flow rate of CA: 433.54 g / h; flow rate of H 2 SO 4 : 618.93 g / h.
- the mass percentages of methacrylamide and methacrylic acid are determined by HPLC analysis after dilution of the samples in a phosphate buffer medium.
- the sulfuric methacrylamide obtained is used as such for the synthesis of methyl methacrylate.
- the esterification reaction of sulfuric methacrylamide with methanol is also carried out in a continuous micropilot.
- Methanol is used from the reaction of a synthesis gas obtained by gasification of black liquor.
- This second micropilot is composed of a reactive column with 10-storey glass trays in which the sulfuric methacrylamide and a water-methanol mixture are injected countercurrently.
- a boiler is used to collect 'waste water', a mixture of ammonium hydrogen sulphate, sulfuric acid and water. These "waste waters” are stripped with steam so as to recover the maximum of volatile organic compounds.
- a guard tube makes it possible to impose a liquid level in the boiler.
- the sulfuric methacrylamide obtained in the preceding example (Molar Ratio 1.25, temperature approximately 130 ° C.) is introduced at the top of the column at a flow rate of 838.9 g / h. (equivalent in CA 344 g / h).
- a mixture of methanol and water is introduced at the top of the column at a flow rate of 838.9 g / h. (equivalent in CA 344 g / h).
- a methanolic solution of stabilizers containing phenothiazine is introduced at the top of the reflux column (flow rate approximately 5 g / h).
- reactor temperature 110-150 ° C .
- vents at the top of the condenser the vents at the top of the condenser, the raw MAM at the top of the column to be distilled and the 'wastewater' at the outlet of the boiler.
- the respective flow rates are as follows: 5.4 l / h, 502.4 g / h and 811.6 g / h.
- Their titles, expressed in% in weight, are the following: - vents: carbon monoxide 45%, dimethyl ether 40%, others 5%
- the raw MAM is purified as follows:
- EXAMPLE 6 Manufacture of PMMA in Mass by a Continuous Process A mixture containing 99.6% of methyl methacrylate of renewable origin obtained in Example 5, 0.38% of n-dodecyl mercaptan and 0.02% of DTAC (1,1-di (tert.-amylperoxy) cyclohexane) is introduced continuously at -40 ° C. in a stirred reactor maintained at 160 ° C. under a pressure of 10 bars. The reactor is drained continuously at a mass flow rate identical to the feed rate.
- DTAC 1,1-di (tert.-amylperoxy) cyclohexane
- a mixture containing 99.93% of methyl methacrylate obtained in Example 5, 0.055% of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.002% of terpinolene is degassed in a vacuum flask under 500 mbar absolute pressure at room temperature, kept under magnetic stirring for 20 minutes. This step makes it possible to evacuate the gases dissolved in the mixture.
- the mixture thus degassed is then introduced into a mold consisting of two 10 mm glass windows separated by a PVC seal with a diameter of 4 mm, at room temperature. Clamps are used to obtain a good seal of the assembly.
- the mold is then slightly inclined and the air bubbles are expelled by pinching the PVC seal at the highest point of the mold.
- the whole is then introduced into a ventilated oven.
- Baking is carried out at a temperature of 50 ° C. for 10 h, followed by a cooking station at 130 ° C. for 30 minutes. At the end of cooking, the whole is cooled to room temperature. Finally, a PMMA plate is obtained by dismantling the mold. The PMMA plate contains 99% PMMA and 1% residual monomer.
- the suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate and ethyl acrylate is conducted in the presence of the suspending agent as obtained above.
- 193 parts of deionized water and 7 parts of previously obtained solution corresponding to 0.385 parts of dry product are charged to a reactor under pressure-resistant stirring.
- the oxygen is removed by bubbling with nitrogen and the solution is heated to 80 ° C.
- 100 parts of a deoxygenated mixture composed of 96 parts of methyl methacrylate obtained, 4 parts of ethyl acrylate, 0, 25 parts of t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate and 0.25 parts of butane thiol are then charged to the reactor.
- the reactor is then sealed, and the mixture is gradually heated to 110 0 C in 120 minutes.
- the reactor is left at 110 ° C. for an additional 15 minutes and is then cooled.
- the polymer in the form of beads is separated from the aqueous solution by centrifugation, washed with deionized water and dried under study at 80 ° C.
- the following procedure is used to prepare a multilayer impact modifier consisting of a hard core, an elastomeric soft layer and a hard core.
- the ratio of the three layers is 35/45/20 with each polymer having a refractive index between 1.46 and 15.
- composition of the three layers is as follows:
- the layer 2 is then added and polymerized with potassium persulfate at 80 ° C., by controlling the amount of surfactant added to prevent the formation of new particles.
- Layer 3 is polymerized with potassium persulfate at 80 ° C., while also controlling the amount of surfactant added to prevent the formation of new particles.
- the latex obtained is then cooled and recovered by atomization. It can be used to impact PMMA by mixing, for example, in an extruder.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0853588A FR2931822B1 (fr) | 2008-05-30 | 2008-05-30 | Methacrylate de methyle derive de la biomasse, procede de fabrication, utilisations et polymeres correspondants. |
US7982308P | 2008-07-11 | 2008-07-11 | |
PCT/FR2009/050999 WO2009156648A1 (fr) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-05-28 | Methacrylate de methyle derive de la biomasse, procede de fabrication, utilisations et polymeres correspondants |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2307347A1 true EP2307347A1 (fr) | 2011-04-13 |
Family
ID=40242759
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09769489A Ceased EP2307347A1 (fr) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-05-28 | Methacrylate de methyle derive de la biomasse, procede de fabrication, utilisations et polymeres correspondants |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20110318515A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2307347A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102112433A (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0913088A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2931822B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009156648A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2935971B1 (fr) | 2008-09-16 | 2010-11-19 | Arkema France | Acide bio-acrylique de grade polymere et son procede de fabrication a partir de glycerol. |
FR2943347B1 (fr) * | 2009-03-18 | 2011-04-29 | Arkema France | Additifs chocs |
DE102011081649A1 (de) | 2011-08-26 | 2013-02-28 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Längerkettige Methacrylate aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen |
US9260368B2 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2016-02-16 | Rohm And Haas Company | Process for producing MMA and/or MAA from acetone cyanohydrin and sulfuric acid |
DE102012219476A1 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2014-04-24 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Harzmischung auf Vinylesterurethanharz-Basis und deren Verwendung |
IN2014DN03345A (fr) | 2012-10-25 | 2015-06-05 | Kohler Co | |
FR3012140B1 (fr) * | 2013-10-18 | 2016-08-26 | Arkema France | Unite et procede pour la purification de methacrylate de methyle brut |
FR3012139B1 (fr) | 2013-10-18 | 2016-08-26 | Arkema France | Unite d'esterification pour la production de methacrylate de methyle brut, procede d'esterification utilisant ladite unite et installation comprenant ladite unite |
CN104072921A (zh) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-01 | 常州大学 | 一种增韧的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共混物及其制备方法 |
BR112017024689B1 (pt) | 2015-06-17 | 2022-04-12 | Clariant International Ltd | Polímeros hidrossolúveis ou incháveis em água, seu processo de produção, seu uso, processo de cimentação de perfurações profundas utilizando uma lama de cimento e mistura polimérica |
CN109563030B (zh) * | 2016-06-20 | 2022-06-10 | 科莱恩国际有限公司 | 包含一定水平的生物基碳的化合物 |
EP3551681A1 (fr) | 2016-12-12 | 2019-10-16 | Clariant International Ltd | Composé comprenant une certaine quantité de carbone biosourcé |
JP7032402B2 (ja) | 2016-12-12 | 2022-03-08 | クラリアント・インターナシヨナル・リミテツド | ある特定のレベルのバイオベース炭素を含むポリマー |
EP3551163B1 (fr) | 2016-12-12 | 2021-02-17 | Clariant International Ltd | Utilisation d'un polymère d'origine biologique dans une composition cosmétique, dermatologique ou pharmaceutique |
EP3551679B1 (fr) | 2016-12-12 | 2023-05-24 | Clariant International Ltd | Polymère comprenant un certain niveau de carbone biologique |
EP3554643A1 (fr) | 2016-12-15 | 2019-10-23 | Clariant International Ltd | Polymère hybride hydrosoluble et/ou gonflable dans l'eau |
US11401362B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2022-08-02 | Clariant International Ltd | Water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer |
WO2018108667A1 (fr) | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | Clariant International Ltd | Polymère hybride hydrosoluble et/ou gonflable dans l'eau |
US11542343B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2023-01-03 | Clariant International Ltd | Water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer |
EP3489205A1 (fr) | 2017-11-28 | 2019-05-29 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Dérivés d'isosorbide en tant que produits réactifs dans des résines réactives et dans des chevilles chimiques |
CN108359050B (zh) * | 2018-03-02 | 2020-06-09 | 瑞固新能(上海)材料科技有限公司 | 一种核壳结构的改性丁苯胶乳的制备方法 |
WO2020205415A1 (fr) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polymères, articles et produits chimiques fabriqués à partir d'un gaz de synthèse dérivé de recyclage à concentration élevée |
WO2020205414A1 (fr) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polymères, articles et produits chimiques fabriqués à partir de gaz de synthèse dérivé de textiles à taille réduite |
CN113646371A (zh) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-11-12 | 伊士曼化工公司 | 由密实化纺织品衍生的合成气制成的聚合物、制品和化学品 |
EP4410767A1 (fr) | 2023-02-03 | 2024-08-07 | Röhm GmbH | Procédé durable en c3 avec production intégrée de matières premières |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6417385B1 (en) * | 1999-04-22 | 2002-07-09 | Degussa Ag | Method of producing acetone-cyanhydrin |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3419601A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | 1968-12-31 | Du Pont | Cyclic process for the production of methyl methacrylate |
EP0745622A1 (fr) | 1995-05-24 | 1996-12-04 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Polymères acryliques au méthacryliques résistant au choc |
JPH11255710A (ja) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-09-21 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | メタクリル酸メチルの製造方法 |
KR20010007235A (ko) * | 1999-06-17 | 2001-01-26 | 마크 에스. 아들러 | 내후성, 감소된 광택 및 고충격을 제공하는 캡스톡 조성물및 그 제조방법 |
DE10043868A1 (de) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-04-04 | Roehm Gmbh | PMMA Formmassen mit verbesserter Schlagzähigkeit |
SE0004185D0 (sv) | 2000-11-15 | 2000-11-15 | Nykomb Synergetics B V | New process |
AU2003204521A1 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-01-15 | Rohm And Haas Company | Improved process for producing acetone cyanohydrin |
CN100584822C (zh) * | 2004-04-02 | 2010-01-27 | 西巴特殊化学水处理有限公司 | 由α或β-羟基羧酸制备丙烯酸衍生物 |
WO2005095320A1 (fr) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-13 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Water Treatments Limited | Preparation de derives d'acide acrylique a partir d'acides carboxyliques alpha- ou beta-hydroxy |
US7255920B2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2007-08-14 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | (Meth)acrylate block copolymer pressure sensitive adhesives |
-
2008
- 2008-05-30 FR FR0853588A patent/FR2931822B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-05-28 BR BRPI0913088A patent/BRPI0913088A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-05-28 CN CN2009801300994A patent/CN102112433A/zh active Pending
- 2009-05-28 WO PCT/FR2009/050999 patent/WO2009156648A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-05-28 US US12/995,282 patent/US20110318515A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-05-28 EP EP09769489A patent/EP2307347A1/fr not_active Ceased
-
2014
- 2014-02-07 US US14/175,291 patent/US9938225B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6417385B1 (en) * | 1999-04-22 | 2002-07-09 | Degussa Ag | Method of producing acetone-cyanhydrin |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9938225B2 (en) | 2018-04-10 |
US20110318515A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
WO2009156648A1 (fr) | 2009-12-30 |
CN102112433A (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
US20140154758A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
FR2931822A1 (fr) | 2009-12-04 |
FR2931822B1 (fr) | 2012-11-02 |
BRPI0913088A2 (pt) | 2015-10-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2307347A1 (fr) | Methacrylate de methyle derive de la biomasse, procede de fabrication, utilisations et polymeres correspondants | |
JP2017155055A (ja) | バイオマス由来のメチルメタクリレートの製造方法 | |
Duber et al. | Exploiting the real wastewater potential for resource recovery–n-caproate production from acid whey | |
Chatellard et al. | The type of carbohydrates specifically selects microbial community structures and fermentation patterns | |
Salakkam et al. | Valorization of microalgal biomass for biohydrogen generation: A review | |
JP5551605B2 (ja) | エチレン−ブチレンコポリマーの製造のための統合された方法、エチレン−ブチレンコポリマー及び再生可能な天然原料から供給されるエチレン及びコモノマーとしての1−ブチレンの使用 | |
WO2010058119A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un methylacrylate de methyle derive de la biomasse | |
EP2365989A1 (fr) | Fabrication de copolymeres ethylene/acide carboxylique a partir de matieres renouvelables, copolymeres obtenus et utilisations | |
Cremonez et al. | Effect of substrate concentrations on methane and hydrogen biogas production by anaerobic digestion of a cassava starch-based polymer | |
CN105051178A (zh) | 用于在微生物发酵中控制代谢物产生的系统和方法 | |
EP2408829A1 (fr) | Additifs chocs | |
JP2017066149A (ja) | バイオマス由来のメチルメタクリレートの製造方法 | |
EP2931909A1 (fr) | Procede de production de solutions de sucres et d'alcools a partir de biomasse lignocellulosique avec traitement complementaire du residu solide par un sel inorganique hydrate | |
AU2012298850A1 (en) | Production of bio-butanol and related products | |
FR3004727A1 (fr) | Procede de production d'hydrocarbures | |
Zu et al. | Research progress on the biosynthesis of d-lactic acid from low-value biomass materials | |
Meyer et al. | Anaerobic fermentation of crude glycerol to produce value-added products | |
Wu et al. | Novel anaerobic fermentation paradigm of producing medium-chain fatty acids from food wastes with self-produced ethanol as electron donor | |
JP5325985B2 (ja) | 再生可能な物質からのtert−ブチルヒドロペルオキシドの製造、こうして得られたtert−ブチルヒドロペルオキシド、およびこれらの使用 | |
Martín et al. | Biochemical-based processes | |
JP3805287B2 (ja) | ポリエステルの製造方法 | |
FR2974114A1 (fr) | Procede de production d'ethanol a partir de pates papetieres avec recyclage d'un vin ethylique issu de la fermentation des pentoses |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20101223 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA RS |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20120626 |
|
APBK | Appeal reference recorded |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNREFNE |
|
APBN | Date of receipt of notice of appeal recorded |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNNOA2E |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R003 |
|
APAF | Appeal reference modified |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCREFNE |
|
APBT | Appeal procedure closed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNNOA9E |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
|
18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 20170926 |