EP2304119A1 - Aussenschicht für ein wärmedämmendes hüllsystem eines gebäudes - Google Patents
Aussenschicht für ein wärmedämmendes hüllsystem eines gebäudesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2304119A1 EP2304119A1 EP09737885A EP09737885A EP2304119A1 EP 2304119 A1 EP2304119 A1 EP 2304119A1 EP 09737885 A EP09737885 A EP 09737885A EP 09737885 A EP09737885 A EP 09737885A EP 2304119 A1 EP2304119 A1 EP 2304119A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- outer layer
- layer
- textile
- building
- layer according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/002—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings made of webs, e.g. of fabrics, or wallpaper, used as coverings or linings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/10—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using latent heat
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/625—Sheets or foils allowing passage of water vapor but impervious to liquid water; house wraps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Definitions
- Patent application outer layer for a heat-insulating envelope system of a building
- the invention relates to a textile outer layer or a multilayer layer structure for a heat-insulating enveloping system, in particular a heat-insulating facade system.
- a textile outer layer or a multilayer layer structure for a heat-insulating enveloping system in particular a heat-insulating facade system.
- the textile layer is also possible uses of the textile layer as the sole envelope system for a building.
- the heated or cooled volume of a building must be surrounded by a closed shell.
- the closed building envelope can be composed of several elements.
- On this thermal insulation is usually applied an exterior plaster with paint, which closes the building and protects against the weather.
- an exterior plaster with paint which closes the building and protects against the weather.
- This exterior plaster must be painted with one color. Exterior coatings and coatings are used for color design. They characterize the building. As the utmost closure of the building envelope, they protect and preserve the building.
- the application of the exterior plaster is associated with some effort and problems. So the exterior plaster can be applied only with suitable weather conditions. For example, the exterior plaster usually can not be applied in winter. This can extend the construction time. The increasingly better thermal insulation reduces the heat flow from the warmer building to the outside. This is accompanied by a lowering of the temperature on the outer surface of the wall, so the outer surface of the plaster, accompanied. This lower outside surface temperature leads to increased condensation. This condensation is the cause of a higher surface moisture.
- the object of the present invention is thus to provide an outer layer for a facade system of a building, which is easy to apply and withstands mechanical effects well.
- This outer layer should also have the opportunity to be further developed so that even with good insulation of the facade system unwanted algae growth and mold fungus formation is avoided.
- This object is solved by claim 1.
- Advantageous developments, in particular the avoidance of algae growth and mold fungus formation, can be found in the subclaims.
- an outer layer is to be provided for a heat-insulating and dirt-repellent enveloping system.
- wrapping system is any wrapping of a building, so as to understand walls, roofs and floors. In the present case, it is usually a facade system.
- the outer layer contains several layers and has at least one textile layer.
- the textile layer is formed from textile fibers. Textile fibrous materials are fibrous and filamentary structures. A distinction is made between natural, eg cotton, chemicals, eg polyester, and special fibers, eg glass fibers. Currently produced composites have, for example, an s d value of less than 0.5 m. Of the
- Water absorption coefficient hereinafter w value
- w value Water absorption coefficient
- Conventionous Cleaning systems at least water-resistant (w value ⁇ 2 kg / m 2 h 0 ' 5 ) and water-repellent target with a w value ⁇ 0.5 kg / m 2 h °' 5 to choose.
- Exterior layers with a textile layer into consideration Some possible embodiments will be listed below by way of example. A determination of a particular outer layer or several specific outer layers would not reflect the invention in the appropriate width.
- the values for the diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness and the water absorption coefficient are selected such that the textile outer layer achieves the same properties and requirements as conventional plaster systems. For conventional plaster systems there are regulations for execution and valid standards.
- the properties of the possible textile outer layers far exceed the resistance of conventional high-quality exterior plasters.
- the textile outer layers can be carried out with measures mentioned below so that the formation of condensation water decreases. Compared to conventional plaster systems, the enormous elasticity of textiles is a further significant advantage. Typical problems of plaster facades, such as cracking due to thermal or hygric alternating stresses, no longer occur when using these innovative textile and functional membranes.
- the outer layer according to the invention can be applied largely weather-independent with a few steps.
- textiles can fulfill certain properties or functions better than non-textile products such as conventional plaster systems. Textiles with added benefits fulfill special functions better than previous textile comparative products (Comparison of PTFE membranes).
- the layer can be designed with a high water repellency / rain protection and at the same time extreme diffusion / water vapor permeability and airtightness.
- the airtightness of the outer shell is mentioned here as an outstanding quality feature. It serves to cover the entire heated volume over the whole area, Helps to reduce transmission heat losses and prevent leakage. A fulfillment of the fire protection requirements is a matter of course.
- the system must be UV resistant and / or self heat insulating.
- the desire for chemical resistance, such as acid rain, dog urine, bird droppings, ozone and the like can be realized by a suitable material selection and by a corresponding surface modification.
- salt resistance for example to road salt.
- the outer layer of the invention has sufficient cut, puncture, crack and impact resistance and can thus withstand wind and suction forces and mechanical stresses such as hail, vandalism and earthquakes.
- a textile outer layer according to the invention has withstood a hail event in June 2007 in Holz Wegn with hail grain sizes between 1 and 4 cm.
- the reference plaster system had to be renewed.
- the textile outer layer can be prefabricated by machine and fixed to the site at the construction site with only a few work steps. This can reduce the overall workload.
- the textile outer layer can preferably be used in walls, in principle also an application in roof structures is possible.
- the textile outer layer also allows the integration of photovoltaic modules or the formation of a media façade. The latter can serve as an advertising space, for example.
- the diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness of the outer layer is smaller than the diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness of the insulating layer on which the outer layer is applied.
- the diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness were greater in a layer further away than in a layer located further in the interior, moisture diffusing from the inside to the outside would accumulate between these layers. This moisture could lead to structural damage.
- a reduction in the duration of the condensation is u.a. achieved by the use of latent heat storage materials. Therefore, in one embodiment of the
- Outer layer containing a phase change material Through a phase change material the heat storage in the outer layer can be increased considerably. This can be achieved in particular that in strong sunlight larger amounts of latent heat are stored in the wall. This latent heat is released when falling below the phase change temperature as sensible heat and prevents further lowering of the temperature in the wall. As a result, the temperature of the outer surface decreases less, whereby the tendency to algae growth and mold growth is reduced. In addition, a cooling of the interiors of the buildings is reduced. Also, phase change materials can store excess heat in the summer. This prevents overheating of the interiors. Of course, the latter effects are of subordinate importance in an already existing thermal barrier coating. The preferred phase change temperature depends on the climate.
- phase change temperature For the climate in Holzmaschinen (Upper Bavaria, south of Kunststoff), a phase change temperature of about 9 ° C has proven to be useful. For virtually any phase change temperature, the desired PCM is commercially available.
- Equipment of textiles with PCM is already widely used today in the clothing industry to increase the thermophysiological functionality.
- the PCM is generally microencapsulated to prevent it from leaking out of the fabric in its "liquid" phase, and the microencapsulated PCM is either encased in fibers or in foams or applied as a coating to a textile substrate, which has already been successfully used in shoes , Jackets, mattresses, etc. applied.
- the short-wave radiation absorption coefficient describes the proportion of solar radiation absorbed by a surface in the wavelength range 250 - 2500 nm (ultraviolet, visible, near infrared). The higher the degree of absorption, the more the surface heats up when irradiated. While a white surface has a short-wave radiation absorption coefficient of 0.2, short-wave radiation absorption grades between 0.4 and 0.6 can already be achieved with a slightly toned coloring. Such coloration leads during the day to higher maximum temperatures, but at night, this results in only slight temperature increases. However, the darker coloration due to the faster heating also leads to faster drying of the surface and the condensation times can be reduced by about 5%.
- Low heat radiation of the outer layer on the one hand ensures that the surface temperature of the outer layer does not drop too much. This reduces the tendency to condensation. On the other hand, the heat flow through the facade system is thereby reduced overall. The thermal insulation is thus further improved and the energy savings increased.
- the long-wave emissivity radiation could be reduced from over 90% to about 65%.
- the long-wave emissivity is determined by measuring the spectral reflectances in the wavelength range between 2.5 nm and 50 nm. The reduced thermal radiation leads during the day to higher maximum temperatures and at night to a reduced below the dew point temperature.
- the outer layer may be hydrophobic or hydrophilic.
- a hydrophobic formation causes moisture, whether it comes from the condensation of humidity or from driving rain, better bubbles and
- a particularly suitable outer layer is obtained when the textile layer consists of and / or contains polyester. With such an outer layer conventional plaster can usually be replaced in a suitable thermal insulation composite system.
- Titanium dioxide is particularly suitable for this purpose. Titanium dioxide can be added to a textile carrier layer. Nano-structuring of the surface or an antistatic coating can also repel dirt. A chalking coating also prevents the façade from becoming dirty. A chalking coating is to be understood as meaning a coating in which a very small amount of material constantly loosens from the surface. This removes the accumulating dirt.
- biocides A suitable example of this is silver ions.
- Silver ions or other biocides can be incorporated into a textile carrier layer.
- the functional equipment for preventing the formation of unsightly and health-threatening biofilms on the textile façade is addressed in two different ways, a chemical and a radiation approach:
- the chemical approach is to equip the textiles with three chemically different biocides based on quarternary ones Ammonium compounds (QAV), octyisothiazolinone (OTI) and pyrithione (PYR).
- QAV quarternary ones Ammonium compounds
- OTI octyisothiazolinone
- PYR pyrithione
- the radiological approach to preventing the formation of a biofilm is based on the one hand on the functionalization of the Textiles with IR-active pigments based on antimony-doped zinc oxide and, on the other hand, on the equipment with so-called phase change materials (PCM) based on microencapsulated paraffins.
- PCM phase change materials
- the outer layer is configured sound-absorbing.
- a sound-absorbing exterior design is particularly desirable on those facades where the sound reflection leads to an undesirable noise pollution in the environment, very desirable.
- Sound absorption dampens sound propagation, transforming the sound energy into heat.
- a construction of nonwovens and porous / nanoporous sound insulation ensures the sound-absorbing properties.
- a high degree of absorption may e.g. be achieved by porous materials or textiles or a combination of both.
- Acoustic damping can be achieved by multi-layered textile structures.
- nanoporous foam for thermal insulation.
- good thermal insulation can be achieved with low spatial expansion.
- Figure 1 shows the most significant from the current point of application of the invention.
- the textile outer layer 1 is applied to a conventional thermal insulation 2.
- the conventional thermal insulation 2 itself is attached to the wall 3.
- the wall 3 is constructed of concrete, bricks or other conventional building materials.
- FIG. 2 shows a similar structure.
- the conventional thermal insulation 2 is replaced by a substantially thinner layer of nanoporous foam 4.
- Nanoporous foams are characterized by high thermal insulation and low space requirements.
- the wall 2 made of concrete or bricks.
- the construction of textile outer layer 1 and nanoporous foam can be clamped in a frame construction 5.
- FIG. 4 shows the textile outer layer 1.
- the outermost layer is a functional coating 6 on an outer material.
- the next layer consists of a Glasgelege or a polyester fleece and has the function of a reinforcing material 9.
- the last layer is an existing 100% polyamide Velcro 10 is provided, with which the textile outer layer 1 can be attached to the wall 3.
- the phase change material contains 1 1.
- outer layers shown in Figures 4 and 5 could be realized with a total thickness of less than 2 mm.
- Such a compact textile outer layer has withstood hail in June 2007 in Holzmaschinen with hail grain sizes between 1 and 4 cm. This shows the high mechanical strength of the material.
- FIG. 7 shows a selection scheme for selecting the suitable outer layer. It should be emphasized again that the invention includes many different embodiments.
- FIG. 7 shows a selection scheme for selecting the suitable outer layer. It should be emphasized again that the invention includes many different embodiments.
- chemical substances such as quaternary ammonium compounds, octylisothiazolinone or pyrithione can prevent algae or mold from growing. It is additionally or alternatively possible to ensure that no long-lasting moisture occurs.
- IR-active pigments based on antimony-doped zinc oxide or phase change materials which serve as latent heat storage.
- the IR-active pigments reduce the long-wave heat radiation and thus ensure higher wall temperatures.
- Phase change materials store the heat introduced into the wall by sunlight during the day and give it off again during the night cooling, so that the nocturnal cooling is less.
- the lower daytime temperatures are unproblematic. The achieved higher
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008022018A DE102008022018A1 (de) | 2008-05-02 | 2008-05-02 | Außenschicht für ein wärmedämmendes Hüllsystem eines Gebäudes |
| PCT/EP2009/003112 WO2009132841A1 (de) | 2008-05-02 | 2009-04-29 | Aussenschicht für ein wärmedämmendes hüllsystem eines gebäudes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2304119A1 true EP2304119A1 (de) | 2011-04-06 |
Family
ID=40911920
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09737885A Withdrawn EP2304119A1 (de) | 2008-05-02 | 2009-04-29 | Aussenschicht für ein wärmedämmendes hüllsystem eines gebäudes |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2304119A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102008022018A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009132841A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010047673A1 (de) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-04-12 | Scherff Gmbh & Co. Kg | Baustoff, insbesondere Putz, sowie Verfahren zur Ausstattung einer Fläche mit einer raumklima- und akustikverbessernden Schicht |
| FR2969676B1 (fr) * | 2010-12-23 | 2015-12-04 | Norpac | Procede de mise en place d'une isolation exterieure d'un batiment |
| EP2562320B1 (de) * | 2011-08-25 | 2018-11-07 | STO SE & Co. KGaA | Verfahren zur Ausbildung eines Fassadensystems sowie Fassadensystem |
| DE102012213816A1 (de) * | 2012-08-03 | 2014-02-06 | Metallwarenfabrik Marktoberdorf Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dachschutzmittel |
| CN103628591A (zh) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-03-12 | 昆山开思拓节能技术有限公司 | 一种隔热保温墙 |
| CH706973A1 (de) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-14 | Greutol Ag | Biozidhaltiges Verkleidungssystem. |
| DE102014011705A1 (de) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | Jasmin Fischer | Photovoltaik (PV)-Fassadenkonstruktionen mit Phasenwechselmaterialien (PCM) - PV-PCM-Fassaden |
| US10547270B2 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2020-01-28 | Solarcity Corporation | Building integrated photovoltaic roofing assemblies and associated systems and methods |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4419574A1 (de) * | 1994-06-03 | 1995-12-07 | Bayer Ag | Neue Mischungen, ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung für Beschichtungen |
| DE29512501U1 (de) * | 1995-08-03 | 1995-10-12 | Andres, Werner, Dr., 65552 Limburg | Stoff zur Imprägnierung und/oder Beschichtung von Gewirken o.dgl. |
| DE10212580A1 (de) * | 2001-11-20 | 2003-06-05 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Dämmsystem für Außenwände eines Gebäudes |
| DE10361484A1 (de) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-28 | Ewald Dörken Ag | Bahn mit Metallbeschichtung, insbesondere für Bauzwecke |
| DE102005020295A1 (de) * | 2005-04-30 | 2006-11-09 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Textile Dampfbremse |
| DE102005059303A1 (de) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-21 | Basf Ag | Nanoporösen Polymerschaumstoffe aus Polykondensations-Reaktivharzen |
| DE202006001051U1 (de) * | 2006-01-23 | 2007-05-31 | Meinecke, Bernd | Isoliermaterial mit Phasenwechselmaterial (PCM) für Gebäude |
| DE102006030055A1 (de) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer ablösbaren, Bewuchs hemmenden Beschichtung |
-
2008
- 2008-05-02 DE DE102008022018A patent/DE102008022018A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-04-29 EP EP09737885A patent/EP2304119A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-04-29 WO PCT/EP2009/003112 patent/WO2009132841A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009132841A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102008022018A1 (de) | 2009-11-05 |
| WO2009132841A1 (de) | 2009-11-05 |
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Owner name: KIRSON INDUSTRIAL REINFORCEMENTS GMBH Owner name: JUNKERS & MUELLERS GMBH Owner name: FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWAN |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: LINTL RAIMUND Inventor name: JAKOBS UDO Inventor name: FEICKS THOMAS Inventor name: SEDLBAUER, KLAUS Inventor name: SAUR, ALEXANDRA |
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