EP2296520B1 - Dosing system for a dishwasher - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a metering system, a Kombidosiergerät, for dispensing a plurality of preparations for use in dishwashers, and a dishwasher.

State of the art

Dishwashing detergents are available to the consumer in a variety of forms. In addition to the traditional liquid hand dishwashing detergents, machine dishwashing detergents are particularly important with the spread of household dishwashers. These automatic dishwashing agents are typically offered to the consumer in solid form, for example as powders or as tablets, but increasingly also in liquid form. For some time now, the main focus has been on the convenient dosing of cleaning agents and the simplification of the work steps necessary to carry out a cleaning process.

Further, one of the major goals of the machine-tool manufacturers is to improve the cleaning performance of these agents, with a recent focus on the cleaning performance of low-temperature cleaning cycles and reduced-water consumption cleaning cycles. For this purpose, the cleaning agents were preferably added to new ingredients, for example, more effective surfactants, polymers, enzymes or bleach. However, since new ingredients are available only to a limited extent and the amount of ingredients used for each cleaning cycle can not be increased to any extent for ecological and economic reasons, this approach has natural limits.

In this context, in particular, devices for the multiple dosing of cleaning agents have recently come into the field of vision of the product developers. In these devices, it is possible to distinguish between dosing chambers integrated in the dishwasher on the one hand and independent devices independent of the dishwasher on the other. By means of these devices, which contain the multiple of the amount of detergent necessary for carrying out a cleaning process, detergent portions are metered into the interior of the cleaning machine in an automatic or semi-automatic manner in the course of several successive cleaning processes. For the consumer eliminates the need for manual dosing with each cleaning or washing cycle. Examples of such devices are disclosed in the European patent application EP 1 759 624 A2 (Reckitt Benckiser) or in the German patent application DE 53 5005 062 479 A1 (BSH Bosch and Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH).

WO 02/29150 A1 discloses a self-sufficient dosing device for a dishwasher, which is coupled to a cartridge. The dosing device comprises a sensor unit and a control unit.

DE 10 2006 043916 A1 describes an actuator, a closure element, and a metering chamber having an inlet opening and an outlet opening for a water-conducting household appliance.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide an improved dosing system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, a Kombidosiegeärt according to claim 4, and a dishwasher according to claim 5.

The dosing system according to the invention consists of the basic components of a cartridge and a dosing device which can be coupled to the cartridge, which in turn is formed from further components such as component carrier, actuator, closure element, sensor, energy source and / or control unit.

It is preferred that the metering system according to the invention is mobile. Movable in the sense of this application means that the dosing system is not permanently connected to a dishwasher, but can be removed, for example, from a dishwasher by the user or can be positioned in a dishwasher, ie can be handled independently

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is also conceivable that the dosing device for the user is not detachably connected to a dishwasher and only the cartridge is movable.

In order to ensure operation at elevated temperatures, as occur, for example, in individual washing cycles of a dishwasher, the dosing system can be formed from materials which are dimensionally stable up to a temperature of 120.degree.

Since the preparations to be dosed may have a pH between 2 and 12, depending on the intended use, all components of the dosing system which come into contact with the preparations should have a corresponding acid and / or alkali resistance. Furthermore, these components should be largely chemically inert by a suitable choice of material, for example against nonionic surfactants, enzymes and / or fragrances.

cartridge

For the purposes of this application, a cartridge is understood to mean a packaging material which is suitable for at least one flowable, pourable or spreadable preparation envelop or hold together and which can be coupled for dispensing at least one preparation to a dosing device.

In the simplest, conceivable embodiment, the cartridge has a preferably rigid chamber for storing a preparation. In particular, a cartridge can also comprise a plurality of chambers which can be filled with mutually different compositions.

It is advantageous that the cartridge has at least one outlet opening, which is arranged such that a gravity-induced release of preparation from the cartridge in the position of use of the dosing device can be effected. As a result, no further funding for the release of preparation from the cartridge is required, whereby the structure of the metering device can be kept simple and the manufacturing cost low. Furthermore, the use of conveying means, such as e.g. Pumps omitted, whereby the life of a battery or batteries of the dosing device can be increased.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one second chamber is provided for receiving at least one second flowable preparation, the second chamber having at least one outlet opening arranged such that a gravity-induced product release from the second chamber in the use position of the dosing is feasible. The arrangement of a second chamber is particularly advantageous if in the separate chambers of the cartridge preparations are stored, which are usually not stable to each other, such as bleaching agents and enzymes.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that more than two, in particular three to four chambers are provided in or on a cartridge. In particular, one of the chambers can be designed for the delivery of volatile preparations, such as a fragrance to the environment.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the cartridge is integrally formed. In this way, the cartridges, in particular by suitable blow molding, cost-effectively trained in a manufacturing step. The chambers of a cartridge can be separated from one another, for example, by webs or material bridges which are formed during or after the blow molding process.

The cartridge can also be formed in several pieces by injection molded and then assembled components.

Further, it is conceivable that the cartridge is formed in such a multi-piece, that at least one chamber, preferably all chambers, individually from the metering device can be removed or used in the metering device. This makes it possible, with a different consumption of a preparation from a chamber to exchange an already empty chamber, while the rest, which may still be filled with preparation, remain in the metering device. Thus, a targeted and needs-based refilling the individual chambers or their preparations can be achieved. In addition, it is conceivable to form the individual chambers in the form that the chambers can be coupled to one another or to the dosing device in only one specific position or position, thereby avoiding a user having a chamber in a position not intended for this purpose connects to the dosing device. For this purpose, the chamber walls can in particular be shaped such that they can be positively connected to one another. In the case of a cartridge formed from at least three chambers, the cartridges are shaped in such a way that the chambers can be positively connected to one another only in a specific defined position.

The chambers of a cartridge can be fixed to one another by suitable connection methods, so that a container unit is formed. The chambers can be fixed by a suitable form-fitting, non-positive or cohesive connection releasably or permanently against each other. In particular, the fixation by one or more of the types of compounds from the group of snap-in compounds, Velcro, press joints, fusions, glued joints, welded joints, solder joints, screw, wedge, clamp or bounce joints can be done. In particular, the fixation can also be formed by a shrink sleeve (so-called sleeve), which is pulled in a heated state over the entire or sections of the cartridge and firmly encloses the chambers or the cartridge in the cooled state.

To provide advantageous residual emptying characteristics of the chambers, the bottom of the chambers may be funnel-shaped inclined towards the discharge opening. Furthermore, the inner wall of a chamber can be formed by suitable choice of material and / or surface design in such a way that a low material adhesion of the preparation to the inner chamber wall is realized. Also by this measure, the residual emptiness of a chamber can be further optimized.

In particular, the cartridge may also be asymmetrical. It is particularly preferred to form the asymmetry of the cartridge in such a way that the cartridge can only be coupled to the dosing device in a predefined position in which an otherwise possible incorrect operation by the user is prevented.

In or on a chamber, a metering chamber may be formed in a gravity-induced flow direction of the preparation in front of the outlet opening of a chamber. Through the metering chamber, the preparation amount, the release of preparation from the chamber to the Environment is to be delivered. This is particularly advantageous if the closure element of the dosing device, which causes the preparation output from a chamber to the environment, can only be put into a dispensing and a closure state without measuring or controlling the dispensing quantity. It is then ensured by the metering chamber that a predefined amount of preparation is released without an immediate feedback of the currently discharged, outflowing preparation amount.

The metering chambers can be formed in one piece or in several pieces. Furthermore, it is possible to firmly connect the metering chambers with the cartridge or detachably. In a dosing chamber detachably connected to the cartridge, it is possible in a simple manner to connect or exchange dosing chambers with different dosing volumes with a cartridge, whereby a simple adaptation of the dosing volumes to the preparation stored in each chamber and thus a simple assembly the cartridge for different preparations and their dosage is possible.

According to a further advantageous development of the invention, one or more chambers in addition to a, preferably bottom-side outlet opening each have a liquid-tight sealable, preferably head-side second chamber opening. Through this chamber opening, it is possible, for example, to refill stored in this chamber preparation.

For ventilation of the cartridge chambers ventilation possibilities can be provided in particular in the head region of the cartridge in order to ensure a pressure equalization with decreasing filling level of the chambers between the interior of the cartridge chambers and the environment. These ventilation options can be designed, for example, as a valve, in particular silicone valve, micro-openings in a chamber or cartridge wall or the like.

If, according to another embodiment, the cartridge chambers are not ventilated directly but are provided via the metering device or no ventilation, for example when using flexible containers such as bags, this has the advantage that at elevated temperatures during a dishwashing cycle of a dishwasher by the heating of the chamber contents, a pressure is built up, which presses the preparations to be metered in the direction of the outlet openings, so that a good emptying of the cartridge can be achieved. Furthermore, in the case of such an air-free packaging, there is no risk of oxidation of substances of the preparation, which makes bag packaging or else bag-in-bottle packaging appear expedient, in particular for oxidation-sensitive preparations.

Preferably, the volume ratio formed from the volume of construction of the metering device and the filling volume of the cartridge <1, more preferably <0.1, particularly preferably <0.05. This ensures that, for a given total construction volume of metering device and cartridge, the overwhelming portion of the construction volume is taken up by the cartridge and the preparation contained therein.

The cartridge can take on any spatial form. It can for example be cube-shaped, spherical or plate-like.

The cartridge and the dosing device can in particular be configured with respect to their spatial form such that they ensure the least possible loss of useful volume, in particular in a dishwasher.

To use the dispenser in dishwashers, it is particularly advantageous to mold the device based on dishes to be cleaned in dishwashers. So this example, plate-shaped, be formed in approximately the dimensions of a plate. As a result, the metering device can save space, e.g. be positioned in the lower basket of the dishwasher. Furthermore, the correct positioning of the dosing unit opens up to the user intuitively through the plate-like shape.

In the coupled state, the dosing device and the cartridge preferably have a ratio of height: width: depth of between 5: 5: 1 and 50: 50: 1, particularly preferably of about 10: 10: 1. Due to the "slim" design of the dosing device and the cartridge, it is possible in particular to position the device in the lower cutlery basket of a dishwasher in the receptacles provided for plates. This has the advantage that the dispensed from the dosing preparations go directly into the wash liquor and can not adhere to other items to be washed.

Usually, commercial household dishwashers are designed in such a way that the arrangement of larger items to be washed, such as pans or large plates, is provided in the lower basket of the dishwasher. In order to avoid a non-optimal positioning of the metering consisting of the metering device and the coupled with the metering cartridge by the user in the upper basket, the metering system is dimensioned in an advantageous embodiment of the invention such that a positioning of the metering only in the appropriate receptacles of the lower basket is enabled. For this purpose, the width and the height of the metering system can be selected in particular between 150 mm and 300 mm, particularly preferably between 175 mm and 250 mm.

However, it is also conceivable to form the metering unit in cup shape or pot shape with a substantially circular or square base.

The outlet openings of a cartridge are preferably arranged in a line, whereby a slender, plate-shaped design of the dosing device is made possible.

In a cup-shaped or cup-shaped design of the cartridge or its cup-shaped or cup-shaped grouping, however, it may also be advantageous to arrange the discharge openings of the cartridge, for example in a circular arc.

To provide an immediate optical level control, it is advantageous to form the cartridge at least in sections of a transparent material.

In order to protect heat-sensitive components of a preparation in a cartridge from heat, it is advantageous to produce the cartridge from a material with a low thermal conductivity.

Another way to reduce the effect of heat on a preparation in a chamber of the cartridge is to isolate the chamber by suitable means, e.g. by the use of thermal insulation materials such as styrofoam, which enclose the chamber or the cartridge in a suitable manner, in whole or in part.

It is also possible to provide the cartridge or individual chambers completely or in sections with a radiation-reflecting coating which is particularly suitable for reflecting thermal radiation.

Another measure for protecting heat-sensitive substances in a cartridge is, in a plurality of chambers, their arrangement to each other.

Thus, for example, it is conceivable that the chamber containing a heat-sensitive product is partially or completely enclosed by at least one further product-filled chamber, which product and chamber functions as thermal insulation for the enclosed chamber in this configuration. This means that a first chamber, which contains a heat-sensitive product, is partially or completely enclosed by at least one further product-filled chamber, so that the heat-sensitive product in the first chamber has a slower temperature increase when the environment is heated than the one Products in the surrounding chambers.

In order to bring about a further improvement of the heat insulation, when using more than two chambers, the chambers can be arranged around each other according to the matryoshka principle, so that a multilayer insulation layer is formed.

In particular, it is advantageous that at least one preparation, which is stored in an enclosing chamber, has a thermal conductivity of between 0.01 and 5 W / m * K, preferably between 0.02 and 2 W / m * k, particularly preferably between 0.024 and 1 W / m * K.

The cartridge is formed in particular dimensionally stable. However, it is also conceivable to design the cartridge as a flexible packaging such as a tube. Furthermore, it is also possible to use flexible containers such as bags, especially if they are used according to the "bag-in-bottle" principle in a substantially dimensionally stable receptacle. By using flexible packaging eliminates - unlike the dimensionally stable cartridge designs described above - the need to provide a ventilation system for pressure equalization.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cartridge has an RFID tag that contains at least information about the contents of the cartridge and that can be read by a sensor unit, which may be provided in particular in the metering device or dishwasher.

This information can be used, for example, to select a dosing program stored in the dosing unit control unit. In this way it can be ensured that an optimal dosing program is always used for a particular preparation. It can also be provided that in the absence of an RFID tag or an RFID tag with a false or faulty identifier, no metering is done by the metering device and instead an optical or acoustic signal is generated that the user to the present Error indicates.

In order to prevent misuse of the cartridge, the cartridges may also have structural elements which interact with corresponding elements of the metering device according to the key-lock principle, so that, for example, only cartridges of a particular type can be coupled to the metering device. Furthermore, this configuration makes it possible for information about the cartridge coupled to the dosing device to be transmitted to the control unit of the dosing device, as a result of which control of the dosing device coordinated with the contents of the corresponding container can take place.

The cartridge is designed in particular for receiving flowable cleaning agent. Particularly preferably, such a cartridge has a plurality of chambers for the spatially separated recording in each case of different preparations of a cleaning agent. Exemplary - but not exhaustive - are listed below some possible combinations of filling the chambers with different preparations: Chamber 1 Chamber 2 Chamber 3 Chamber 4 A Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation - - B Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation rinse aid - C Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation rinse aid perfume D Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation rinse aid disinfecting preparation e Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation rinse aid pretreatment preparation

It is particularly preferred that all preparations are flowable, as this ensures rapid dissolution of the preparations in the washing liquor of the dishwasher, whereby these preparations a rapid to immediate cleaning or rinsing, especially on the walls of the washing compartment and / or a Achieve light guide of the cartridge and / or the dosing device.

The cartridge usually has a total filling volume of <5,000 ml, in particular <1,000 ml, preferably <500 ml, more preferably <250 ml, most preferably <50 ml.

The chambers of a cartridge may have the same or different filling volumes. In a two chamber configuration, the chamber volume ratio is preferably 5: 1, preferably 4: 1: 1 for a three chamber configuration, which configurations are particularly suitable for use in dishwashers.

As mentioned above, the cartridge preferably has three chambers. For the use of such a cartridge in a dishwasher, it is particularly preferred that one chamber contains an alkaline cleaning preparation, another chamber an enzymatic preparation and a third chamber a rinse aid, wherein the volume ratio of the chambers is approximately 4: 1: 1.

The chamber containing the alkaline cleaning preparation preferably has the largest filling volume of the existing chambers. Preferably, the chambers, which have a store enzymatic preparation or a rinse aid, in about the same filling volumes.

In a two- and / or three-chamber design of the cartridge is in particular possible to stockpile in particular a perfume, disinfectant and / or Vorbehandlungszubereitung in a detachably arranged on the cartridge or the dosing, another chamber.

The cartridge comprises a cartridge bottom, which is directed in the position of use in the direction of gravity down and on which preferably at least one outlet opening arranged in the direction of gravity at the bottom is provided for each chamber. The outlet openings arranged on the bottom side are in particular designed such that at least one, preferably all, outlet openings can communicate with the inlet openings of the dosing device, ie preparation via the outlet openings from the cartridge into the dosing device, preferably gravitationally effected, can flow in.

It is also conceivable that one or more chambers have a not arranged in the direction of gravity bottom outlet opening. This is particularly advantageous if, for example, a fragrance is to be delivered to the environment of the cartridge.

The cartridge is preferably formed from at least two elements connected to one another in a material-locking manner, wherein the connecting edge of the elements on the cartridge bottom extends outside the outlet openings, that is to say the connecting edge does not intersect the outlet openings. This is particularly advantageous, since in this way leakage problems are avoided in the coupling with the metering device in the region of the outlet openings, which occur in particular in the case of the high thermal cycling usually occurring in a dishwasher.

The cohesive connection can be produced for example by gluing, welding, soldering, pressing or vulcanization.

It is particularly preferable to connect the cartridge elements to one another by means of mirror welding. In the case of mirror welding, the boundary surfaces are heated by means of a metallic heating mirror, which contains the contour which brings the interfaces into contact, and shortly put into the plastic state, so that after removal of the heating mirror and joining of the parts, these plastic areas solidify again as a melt and solidify Connection result.

In addition to the known from the prior art mirror welding technique, individually molded parts, for example, can also be connected to each other by means of laser welding. In laser welding, one of the two materials that are to be melted at the interface must wear an absorbent to absorb the energy content of the laser beam and convert it into heat, which then melts the corresponding material area causes. This is typically accomplished with color pigments that thermally interact with the laser beam conducted into the material. These interfaces to be joined may also be obscured if the material in front of them in the direction of irradiation of the laser beam is transparent to the laser beam and has no absorption property.

Furthermore, it is possible to connect individual cartridge elements by means of ultrasonic welding or IR welding via electrodes.

It is advantageous that the connecting edge extends along the top, bottom and side surfaces of the cartridge. In this way, two cartridge elements can be produced in particular by injection molding, wherein either both elements are trough-shaped or an element trough-shaped and the second element is lid-like.

To form a two-chamber or multi-chamber cartridge, at least one of the two cartridge elements can comprise at least one separating web which, in the assembled state of the elements, separates two adjacent chambers of the cartridge from one another.

As an alternative to forming the cartridge by means of two cup-shaped cartridge elements, it is also conceivable for a cartridge element to be a cup-shaped container having at least one chamber and the second element to be the cartridge bottom or head connected in a fluid-tight manner to the cup-shaped container along the connecting edge.

Of course, it is also conceivable to combine the above-mentioned cartridge configurations in any suitable manner. For example, it is possible to form a two-chamber cartridge from a trough-shaped and a cover-like cartridge element and to arrange a third one-piece or multi-piece chamber at the head or lateral surface of the cartridge thus formed.

In particular, such a further chamber for accommodating a preparation may be arranged on the cartridge and be configured in such a way that a release of volatile substances such as, for example, fragrances from the preparation into the environment of the chamber is effected.

According to a preferred embodiment, the outlet openings of the cartridge are closed by closure means at least in the filled, unopened state of the cartridge. The closure means may be designed such that they allow a single opening of the outlet opening by destruction of the closure means. Such closure means are, for example, sealing foils or caps.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outlet openings are each provided with a closure which is in the coupled with a dosing device a state Outflow of preparation from the respective chambers allowed and in the uncoupled state of the cartridge substantially prevents leakage of preparation. In particular, such a closure is designed as a slotted silicone valve.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the ventilation openings of the cartridge are closed with a closure element before a first coupling with the dosing device. The closure element may in particular be a stopper or a cap which, when first coupled with the dosing device, is opened, for example punctured, by the coupling process.

It is particularly preferred that, prior to a first coupling of the cartridge with the metering device, all the outlet openings of the cartridge are closed with a slotted silicone valve and all the ventilation openings are capped.

The cartridge elements forming the cartridge are preferably formed from a plastic and can be formed in a common injection molding process, it may be advantageous to form a hinge acting as a connecting web between the two elements, so that after molding the two elements abut each other by folding and cohesively connected along the connecting edge.

In a further embodiment of the invention, an energy source, in particular a battery or accumulator, is arranged on or in the cartridge, preferably on or in the bottom of the cartridge. Furthermore, means for electrically coupling the energy source with the dosing device can be provided on the cartridge.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the cartridge for coupling with a positionable within a domestic appliance dosing device for dispensing at least one detergent composition, at least one chamber for storing at least one flowable or pourable detergent preparation, wherein the cartridge coupled in the dosing device State before entry of rinse water into the chamber (s) is protected and the cartridge at least one bottom in the direction of gravity discharge opening for - especially gravitational - release of preparation of at least one chamber and at least one bottom in the direction of gravity ventilation opening for ventilating at least one chamber, wherein the Vent opening is separated from the discharge opening and the vent opening communicating with at least one chamber of the cartridge is connected.

It is particularly preferred that the cartridge comprises at least two chambers, very particularly preferably at least three chambers. In this case, it is advantageous that one ventilation opening and one discharge opening are provided for each chamber.

It is further preferred that the bottom-side ventilation opening is communicatively connected to a ventilation duct whose end facing away from the ventilation opening in the dispensing position of the cartridge coupled to the dosing device opens above the maximum fill level of the cartridge.

In this context, it is advantageous that the ventilation duct is completely or partially formed in or on the walls and / or webs of the cartridge. In particular, the ventilation channel can be integrally formed in or on the walls and / or webs of the cartridge.

For this purpose, the ventilation duct can advantageously be formed by joining at least two elements forming the cartridge. For example, a ventilation duct may be formed by joining a separating web of the cartridge formed in the shell-shaped element with two webs which surround the separating web and are arranged on the cartridge element.

In this case, it is advantageous if the ventilation channel is formed by integral joining, in particular by welding, of a separating web of the cartridge formed in the shell-shaped element with two webs which surround the separating web and are arranged on the cartridge element.

Alternatively, the ventilation duct, for example, as so-called. Be formed dip-tube.

In order to ensure the ventilation of the cartridge in an inclined position, for example when the metering device is placed in the disc holder, it is advantageous that the level level (F) of the cartridge in the unopened, filled state of the cartridge with an inclination of up to 45 ° is not present at the ventilation duct mouth (83).

Furthermore, it is advantageous in this case to arrange the ventilation channel opening approximately in the middle of or in the chamber wall of the cartridge head.

To ensure the functionality, for example, even after a horizontal position of the cartridge, it is advantageous if the viscosity of a flowable preparation and the ventilation duct are configured in such a way that the preparation is not drawn via capillary forces in the ventilation duct when the preparation at the Vent duct opening is present.

The coupling of the cartridge with the dosing device is advantageously to be designed such that a dosing device communicating with the inlet opening of the dosing device is arranged on the dosing device, which cooperates with the dockable cartridge or cartridge chamber in such a way that when coupling the ventilation opening of the cartridge or Cartridge chamber with the dosing of the mandrel displaced a volume .DELTA.v in the ventilation duct, whereby a pressure .DELTA.p is generated in the ventilation duct, which is suitable to transport in the ventilation duct, flowable preparation in the connected to the ventilation duct, preparation-storing chamber.

It is preferred that the vent opening of a chamber is communicatively connected to the metering device side mandrel before the closed outlet opening of the corresponding chamber is opened, for example by the communicating connection with the inlet opening of the metering device.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a ventilation chamber is arranged between the ventilation opening and the ventilation channel.

The cartridge may be designed such that it can be detachably or firmly arranged in or on the dosing device and / or a dishwasher.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the dispenser for dispensing at least one flowable detergent preparation inside a household appliance comprises a cartridge coupled to the dispenser wherein the cartridge at least a flowable detergent preparation stored and the cartridge in the direction of gravity bottom side has at least one outlet opening in the with the metering device coupled state is communicatively connected to an inlet opening of the metering device, wherein the metering device and the cartridge have means which cooperate in such a way that a releasable locking between metering device and cartridge can be produced, wherein the metering device and the cartridge in the locked state against each other a pivot point (SP) are pivotable, and that the outlet opening of the cartridge and the inlet opening of the metering console are configured such that they intervene after the production of the latching Cartridge and dosing device are connected communicating by pivoting the cartridge in the coupling state between dosing console and cartridge.

In particular, it is preferable that the outlet openings of the chambers and the inlet openings of the metering device are arranged and configured such that they are sequentially connected to each other by the pivoting in the latching state in the coupling state of metering device and cartridge.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, means may be provided on the dosing device and / or the cartridge which, in the coupling state of the dosing device and the cartridge, effect a releasable fixing of the cartridge to the dosing device.

It is also advantageous to form means on the dosing device and / or cartridge which, in the latched state of the cartridge and the dosing device, cause the cartridge to be guided during pivoting into the coupling state of the cartridge and dosing device. This can be realized, for example, by a collar running on the bottom of the cartridge, which is set back slightly relative to a corresponding dosing device-side collar, so that it is guided on the cartridge-side collar inside the dosing device-side collar.

In particular, it is advantageous that the outlet openings of the chambers are arranged one behind the other in the pivoting direction. It is very particularly preferred that the outlet openings of the chambers are arranged in the pivoting direction on a line (L).

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the outlet openings of the chambers have approximately the same distance from each other.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention corresponds to the largest distance of an outlet opening of a chamber from the pivot point (SP) of the cartridge in about 0.5 times the distance of the cartridge width (B).

In particular, at least two chambers of the cartridge may have different volumes from each other.

Advantageously, the chamber of the cartridge with the largest volume on the largest distance from the pivot point (SP) of the cartridge 1.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the ventilation opening of a chamber in the pivoting direction when coupling the cartridge with the dosing device is in each case in front of an outlet opening of the chamber.

Preferably, the ratio of depth (T) of the cartridge to width (B) of the cartridge is about 1:20. The ratio of height (H) of the cartridge to width (B) of the cartridge is preferably about 1: 1.2.

It is also preferred that the ventilation opening of a chamber in the pivoting direction when coupling the cartridge with the metering device is in each case in front of an outlet opening of the chamber. Thus it is ensured that first the ventilation opening of the cartridge is opened before the opening of the outlet opening of the cartridge takes place when coupling the cartridge with the dosing device.

Fiber optic cartridge

The cartridge for coupling with a dosing device for dispensing at least one cleaning agent preparation from the cartridge into the interior of a household appliance comprises in a preferred embodiment of the invention a light conductor arranged in or on the cartridge, into which a light signal from outside the cartridge can be coupled. It is particularly preferred to couple a light signal that is emitted from the dosing device into the cartridge.

In particular, the light guide may be wholly or partly formed in or on the walls and / or webs of the cartridge.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to form the light guide integrally in or on the walls and / or webs of the cartridge.

The light guide preferably consists of a transparent plastic material. However, it is also possible to form the entire cartridge from a transparent material.

It is preferred that the light guide is capable of directing light in the visible range (380-780 nm). It is especially preferable that the light guide is suitable for directing light in the near infrared range (780nm-3,000nm). In particular, it is preferred that the light guide is suitable for guiding light in the mid-infrared range (3.0 μm-50 μm).

In particular, the light guide consists of a transparent plastic material with a high refractive index.

Advantageously, the light guide is at least partially completely or partially enclosed by a material having a lower optical refractive index. In particular, the lower refractive index material may be a preparation stored in a chamber of the cartridge.

Particularly advantageous are a ratio of the refractive indices of preparation and light guide of 1: 1.10 - 1: 5, preferably, 1: 1.15 - 1: 1.35, particularly preferably 1: 1.15 - 1: 1.20 , where the refractive index was determined in each case at a wavelength of 589 nm. The refractive index of the light guide can be determined, for example, according to DIN EN ISO 489. The refractive index of the preparation can be determined by means of an Abbe refractometer according to DIN 53491.

It is particularly advantageous that the preparation which completely or partially encloses the light guide has a transmittance of 45% -95%, particularly preferably 60% -90%, very particularly preferably 75% -85%. The light guide preferably has a transmittance of> 75%, very particularly preferably> 85%. The transmittance can be determined according to DIN5036.

It is further preferred that the wavelength of the light which is transmitted through the optical waveguide corresponds approximately to the wavelength of at least one preparation which at least partially surrounds the optical waveguide, which is not absorbed from the visible spectrum by the preparation. It is particularly preferable here that the wavelength of the light transmitted through the optical fiber and the wavelength not absorbed by the preparation is between 600-800 nm.

The light signal which can be coupled into the optical waveguide is in particular a carrier of information, in particular, for example, with respect to the operating state of the dosing device and / or the filling level of the cartridge.

In a preferred development of the invention, the light guide is designed in such a way that the light signal which can be coupled into the light guide can also be decoupled from the light guide.

In this case, it may be advantageous for the light guide to be configured in such a way that the light signal can be coupled out at a position of the cartridge which is different from the point in which the light signal can be coupled into the cartridge.

The coupling or decoupling of the light signal can be realized in particular on a prismatic edge of the cartridge.

It is particularly preferred to form the input or output points of the light signal in the corresponding injection molding tool by highly polished or hard chrome plated tool surfaces, so that the reflection property of the input or output point is low and the desired signal coupling is possible.

The distance of the light source arranged in the dosing device, in particular an LED, to the point of introduction of the light into the cartridge in the coupling state of the cartridge and dosing device should be kept as low as possible.

It is also advantageous that the light signal and the light guide are configured in such a way that a visible to a user light signal to and / or can be generated in the cartridge.

According to a further embodiment, the light guide can be severed at at least one point in the cartridge in such a way that preparation can fill the separation point. As a result, a fill level sensor and / or an inclination sensor can be realized in a simple manner, wherein a light signal that passes through the separation point without preparation differs from the light signal that passes through the separation point completely or partially filled with preparation.

dosing

In the dosing device necessary for the operation control unit and at least one actuator are integrated. Preferably, a sensor unit and / or a power source is also arranged on or in the metering device.

Preferably, the dosing device consists of a splash-proof housing, that the penetration of water spray, as may occur, for example, when used in a dishwasher, in the interior of the dosing device by at least the control unit, sensor unit and / or actuator are arranged prevented.

It is particularly advantageous, in particular to shed the energy source, the control unit and the sensor unit in such a way that the metering device is substantially watertight, ie the metering device is able to function even when fully enclosed with liquid. As potting materials, for example, multicomponent epoxy, and acrylate potting compounds such as methacrylate esters, urethane-metha and cyanoacrylates or two-component materials can be used with polyurethanes, silicones, epoxy resins.

An alternative or supplement to the casting represents the encapsulation of the components in a suitably designed, moisture-proof housing. Such a configuration will be explained in more detail in the following place.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to arrange the components or assemblies on, on and / or in a component carrier in the dosing device, and this will also be explained elsewhere.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the material from which the dosing device is formed prevents or at least reduces the growth of a biofilm. For this purpose, it is possible to use corresponding surface structures of the material known from the prior art, and additives such as biocides. It is also conceivable areas of the dosing device endangered by microbial growth, in particular areas in which rinsing water may be present, partially with a material such that an organic film grows prevented or at least reduced, is equipped. In this case, for example, correspondingly effective films can be used.

It is particularly preferred that the dosing device comprises at least a first interface, which cooperates in or on a household appliance, in particular t a dishwasher formed corresponding interface in such a way that transmission of electrical energy and / or signals from the household appliance to the dosing and / or Dosing to household appliance is realized.

In one embodiment of the invention, the interfaces are formed by connectors. In a further embodiment, the interface cells can be designed in such a way that a wireless transmission of electrical energy and / or electrical and / or optical signals is effected.

In this case, it is particularly preferred that the interfaces provided for the transmission of electrical energy are inductive transmitters or receivers of electromagnetic waves. Thus, in particular, the interface of a dishwashing machine can be designed as an alternating current transmitter coil with iron core and the interface of the metering device as a receiver coil with iron core.

In an alternative embodiment, the transmission of electrical energy can also be provided by means of an interface, the household appliance side, an electrically operated light source and dosiergeräteseitig a light sensor, such as a photodiode or a solar cell comprises. The light emitted by the light source is converted by the light sensor into electrical energy, which in turn feeds, for example, a metering device side accumulator.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, an interface on the dosing device and the water-conducting device, such as a dishwasher, for transmitting (ie transmitting and receiving) electromagnetic and / or optical signals, which in particular Betriebszustandands-, measuring and / or control information of the dosing and / or the water-bearing device such as a dishwasher.

Of course, it is possible to provide only an interface for transmitting signals or an interface for transmitting electrical energy, or to provide an interface for transmitting signals and an interface for transmitting electrical energy or to provide an interface which is suitable both for transmission of electrical energy and signals.

In particular, such an interface can be designed such that a wireless transmission of electrical energy and / or electromagnetic and / or optical signals is effected.

At least one interface is configured to emit and / or receive optical signals in the wavelength range between 600-800nm. Since darkness usually prevails in the interior of the dishwasher during operation of a dishwasher, signals in the visible, optical region, for example in the form of signal pulses or light flashes, can be emitted and / or detected by the dosing device. It has proven particularly advantageous to use wavelengths between 600-800 nm in the visible spectrum.

In particular, the interface comprises at least one LED. Particularly preferably, the interface comprises at least two LEDs. It is also possible according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention to provide at least two LEDs which emit light in a mutually different wavelength. This makes it possible, for example, to define different signal bands on which information can be sent or received.

Furthermore, it is advantageous in a further development of the invention that at least one LED is an RGB LED whose wavelength is adjustable. For example, an LED can be used to define different signal bands that emit signals at different wavelengths. Thus, for example, it is also conceivable that light is emitted at a different wavelength during the drying process, during which there is a high level of atmospheric humidity (mist) in the washing compartment, than, for example, during a washing step.

The interface of the dosing device can be configured such that the LED is provided both for emitting signals inside the dishwasher, in particular when the dishwasher door is closed, and also for visually displaying an operating state of the dosing device, in particular when the dishwasher door is open.

It is particularly preferred that an optical signal is designed as a signal pulse with a pulse duration between 1 ms and 10 seconds, preferably between 5 ms and 100 ms seconds.

Further, it is advantageous that the interface of the dosing device is configured such that it emits an optical signal with the dishwasher closed and unloaded, that a mean illuminance E between 0.01 and 100 lux, preferably between 0.1 and 50 lux measured on the causes the Spülraum limiting walls.

This illuminance is then sufficient to cause multiple reflections with or on the other Spülraumwänden and so possible signal shadows in the washing compartment, in particular in the loading condition of the dishwasher to reduce or prevent.

The signal transmitted and / or received by the interface is in particular a carrier of information, in particular a control signal or a signal representing an operating state of the dosing device and / or the dishwasher.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, the dosing device for dispensing at least one washing and / or cleaning agent preparation from a cartridge into the interior of a domestic appliance has a light source, by means of which a light signal can be coupled into a light guide of the cartridge. In particular, the light source may be an LED. This makes it possible, for example, light signals that represent, for example, the operating state of the dosing to couple from the dosing into the cartridge, so that they are visually perceptible to the cartridge by a user. This is particularly advantageous because the metering device in the position of use in the plate receptacle of a dish drawer in a dishwasher, can be visually obscured between other items to be washed. By coupling the light from the dosing into the cartridge, the corresponding light signals can for example be slid into the head of the cartridge, so that even if the dosing is positioned in the plate receptacle between other items to be washed, the light signals are visually perceptible by the user with proper loading of the dish drawer of the head-side portion of the dishes and the cartridge usually remains uncovered.

Furthermore, it is possible for the light signal coupled into the optical waveguide of the cartridge and passing through the optical waveguide to be detectable by a sensor located on the dosing device. This will be explained in more detail in a subsequent section.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the dosing device for dispensing at least one washing and / or cleaning agent preparation inside a household appliance comprises at least one optical transmitting unit, wherein the optical transmitting unit is configured in such a way that signals from the transmitting unit in a coupled with the dosing device Cartridge can be coupled and signals from the transmitting unit in the environment of the dosing device are radiated. In this way, both a signal transmission between the dosing device and, for example, a domestic appliance such as a dishwasher and the signal input into a cartridge can be realized by means of an optical transmitting unit.

In particular, the optical transmitting unit may be an LED, which preferably emits light in the visible and / or IR range. It is also conceivable to use another suitable optical transmitting unit, e.g. a laser diode, to use. It is necessary to use an optical transmitter which emits light in the wavelength range between 600-800nm.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the dosing device may comprise at least one optical receiving unit. This makes it possible, for example, that the dosing device can receive signals from an optical transmission unit arranged in the household appliance. This can be realized by any suitable optical receiving unit, such as photocells, photomultipliers, semiconductor detectors, photodiodes, photoresistors, solar cells, phototransistors, CCD and / or CMOS image sensors. The optical receiver unit is suitable to receive light in the wavelength range of 600-800nm.

In particular, the optical receiving unit on the dosing device can also be configured such that the signals that can be coupled from the transmitting unit into a cartridge coupled to the dosing device can be decoupled from the cartridge and detected by the optical receiving unit of the dosing device.

The signals emitted by the transmitting unit into the surroundings of the metering device may preferably represent information regarding operating conditions or control commands.

metering

The metering device for dispensing at least one flowable detergent and / or cleaning agent preparation into the interior of a domestic appliance may in particular have a metering chamber communicating with the metering device communicating cartridge connected to a metering device in the metering chamber inlet, so that in the position of use of the metering preparation gravitational effects the cartridge is inserted into the metering chamber with a Dosierkammerauslass downstream of the Dosierkammereinlass which can be closed by a valve in the metering a float is arranged whose density is less than the density of the preparation, wherein the float is formed in the manner in that the preparation can circumnavigate and / or flow through the floating body and the floating body and the metering chamber inlet are configured in such a way that the metering chamber inlet can be closed by the floating body.

Depending on the configuration of the density of the preparation and the density of the float and the resulting buoyancy, the float can the Dosierkammereinlass sealing or not sealing. In a non-sealing closure of the float is indeed at the Dosierkammereinlass, but this seals not against inflow of preparation from the cartridge, so that an exchange of preparation between the cartridge and the metering chamber is possible. The float body acts in this embodiment of the invention as a targeted throttle,
which minimizes the slippage between the metering chamber inlet and the metering chamber outlet when opening the valve and thus determines the metering accuracy.

Alternatively, the float and the metering chamber can be designed as a self-closing valve, on the one hand, in order to bring about the lowest possible energy consumption in an energy self-sufficient dosing device; on the other hand, a defined amount of preparation, which corresponds approximately to the filling volume of the dosing, released.

It is particularly advantageous to select the density of the detergent and / or cleaning agent preparation and the density of the floating body such that the floating body has a rate of rise of 1.5 mm / sec to 25 mm / sec, preferably 2 mm / sec to 20 mm / sec, in particular preferably 2.5 mm / sec to 17.5 mm / sec in the washing and / or cleaning agent preparation. This ensures a sufficiently rapid closing of the metering chamber inlet by the ascending float and thus a sufficiently short interval between two preparation dosages.

The rate of climb of the floating body can advantageously also be stored in the control unit of the dosing device which activates the valve. This makes it possible to connect the valve so that a release of preparation is greater than the volume of the metering realized. In this case, the valve is then reopened before the float reaches its upper closure position at Dosierkammereinlass and closes the Dosierkammereinlass.

In order to ensure an accurate metering from the metering chamber into the surroundings of the metering device, it has proven to be advantageous that the floating body and the metering chamber are configured such that in the delivery position of the valve associated with the metering chamber outlet, the rate of rise of the floating body in the washing and / or detergent preparation is smaller than the flow rate of the preparation surrounding the float from the metering chamber.

It is preferred to form the float substantially spherical. Alternatively, the float may also be substantially cylindrical.

It is preferable that the metering chamber is substantially cylindrical. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the diameter of the metering chamber is slightly larger as the diameter of the cylindrical or spherical floating body, so that a slip between the metering chamber and floating body arises with respect to the preparation.

According to a preferred embodiment, the float is made of a foamed, polymeric material - in particular of foamed PP - formed.

In a further preferred embodiment, the metering chamber is L-shaped.

Further, in the metering chamber, a diaphragm between the Dosierkammereinlass and Dosierkammerauslass be arranged, wherein the aperture is formed such that it is sealingly or non-sealingly closed by the float, the float is preferably disposed between the aperture and the Dosierkammereinlass.

component support

The dosing device comprises a component carrier on which at least the actuator and the closure element and the energy source and / or the control unit and / or the sensor unit and / or the dosing chamber are arranged.

The component carrier has receptacles for the said components and / or the components are formed integrally with the component carrier.

The receptacles for the components in the component carrier can be provided for a positive, positive and / or cohesive connection between a corresponding component and the corresponding receptacle.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that for easy disassembly of the components from the component carrier, the dosing chamber, the actuator, the closure element, the energy source, the control unit and / or the sensor unit are each detachably mounted on the component carrier.

It is also advantageous that the energy source, the control unit and the sensor unit are arranged in a module on or in the component carrier. In an advantageous further development of the invention, the energy source, the control unit and the sensor unit are combined in an assembly. This can be realized, for example, in that the energy source, the control unit and the sensor unit are arranged on a common electrical printed circuit board.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the component carrier is designed trough-like, manufactured as an injection molded part. It is particularly preferred that the metering chamber is formed integrally with the component carrier.

By the component carrier a largely simple automatic assembly with the necessary components of the dosing device is possible. The component carrier can be prefabricated as a whole, preferably automatically and assembled to form a dosing device.

The trough-like component carrier can be closed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention after the assembly liquid-tight of a, for example, cover-like closure element. The closure element may be formed, for example, as a film which is liquid-tight, materially connected to the component carrier and forms one or more liquid-tight chambers with the trough-like component carrier.

The closure element can also be a console, in which the component carrier can be inserted, wherein the console and the component carrier in the assembled state form the dosing device. The component carrier and the console in the assembled state cooperate in such a way that between the component carrier and the console, a liquid-tight connection is formed, so that no rinse water can get into the interior of the dosing device or the component carrier.

Furthermore, it is preferred that in the position of use of the metering device, the receptacle for the actuator on the component carrier in the direction of gravity is arranged above the metering chamber, whereby a compact design of the metering device can be realized. The compact design can be further optimized by the Dosierkammereinlass is arranged on the component carrier above the receptacle of the actuator in the position of use of the dosing device. It is also preferable for the components to be arranged on the component carrier substantially in a row relative to one another, in particular along the longitudinal axis of the component carrier.

In a further development of the invention, the receptacle for the actuator has an opening which is in line with the Dosierkammerauslass so that a closure element from the actuator through the opening and the Dosierkammerauslass can be moved back and forth.

It is particularly preferred that the component carrier is formed of a transparent material.

Advantageously, the component carrier comprises at least one optical waveguide, via which light from the environment of the dosing device can be directed to an optical transmitting and / or receiving unit into and / or out of the interior (s) of the dosing device or the component carrier, the optical waveguide in particular is formed integrally with the transparent component carrier.

Furthermore, it is therefore preferred that at least one opening is provided in the dosing device, by means of which light from the environment of the dosing device in and / or out of the optical waveguide can be coupled in and / or out.

actuator

For the purposes of this application, an actuator is a device which converts an input variable into a different output quantity and with which an object is moved or whose movement is generated, wherein the actuator is coupled to at least one shutter element, directly or indirectly releasing the preparation at least one cartridge chamber can be effected.

The actuator may be driven by drives selected from the group of gravity drives, ion drives, electric drives, motor drives, hydraulic drives, pneumatic drives, gear drives, threaded spindle drives, ball screws, linear drives, roller screws, tooth worm drives, piezoelectric actuators, chain drives, and / or recoil drives.

In particular, the actuator may be formed of an electric motor coupled to a transmission that converts the rotational movement of the motor into a linear motion of a carriage coupled to the transmission. This is particularly advantageous for a slim, plate-shaped design of the dosing unit.

At least one magnetic element can be arranged on the actuator, which causes a product discharge from the container with a magnet element with the same polarity on a dispenser as soon as the two magnetic elements are positioned against one another such that magnetic repulsion of the homopolar magnetic elements is effected and a non-contact release mechanism is realized.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuator is a bistable solenoid, which forms a pulse-controlled, bi-stable valve together with an engaging in the bistable solenoid, designed as a plunger core closure element. Bistable lifting magnets are electromechanical magnets with linear direction of movement, wherein the plunger locked in each end position without current.

Bistable lifting magnets or valves are known in the art. A bistable valve requires a pulse to change valve positions (open / closed) and then remains in that position until a counter pulse is sent to the valve. Therefore, one speaks of a pulse-controlled valve. A significant advantage of such pulse-controlled valves is that they do not consume energy to dwell in the Ventilendlagen, the closed position and discharge position, but only need an energy pulse to change the valve layers, thus the Ventilendlagen are considered to be stable. A bistable valve remains in that switching position, which last received a control signal.

By means of a current pulse, the closure element (plunger core) is moved to an end position. The power is switched off, the closing element holds the position. By current pulse, the closure element is moved to the other end position. The power is switched off, the closing element holds the position.

A bistable property of solenoids can be realized in different ways. First, a division of the coil is known. The coil is split more or less centrally so that a gap is created. In this gap, a permanent magnet is used. The plunger core itself is both the front and the back so turned off that he has in the respective end position a flat surface lying to the frame of the magnet. The magnetic field of the permanent magnet flows over this surface. The diving core sticks here. Alternatively, the use of two separate coils is possible. The principle is similar to the bistable solenoid with split coil. The difference is that they are actually two electrically different coils. These are controlled separately, depending on the direction in which the plunger is to be moved.

It is therefore particularly preferable that the closure element is coupled to the actuator in such a way that the closure element from the actuator in a closed position and in a passage position (dispensing position) is displaceable, wherein the closure element is designed as open / close valve element, that the actuator is designed such that it controlled by a suitable pulse selectively determinable occupies one of two end positions and without activation, the reached end position stably maintained, and thus that the combination forms a pulse-controlled, bistable open / close valve.

In particular, the actuator may for this purpose be designed as a bistable solenoid with an armature receiving space and a surrounding outer receiving space. The armature of the bistable solenoid may be configured to form or couple to the closure element.

In order to effect a separation between a wet and a dry space in the dosing, the armature receiving space of the actuator from the outer receiving space of the actuator may be liquid-tight and preferably also gas-tight.

It is furthermore advantageous to form at least the outer surface of the armature from a material which can not be attacked by the washing or cleaning agent to be metered, in particular from a plastic material.

The armature preferably comprises a core of a magnetizable, in particular a ferromagnetic material and a permanent magnet positioned in the outer receiving space, wherein a coil is arranged at each of its two axial ends.

It is further preferred that in the armature at its axial ends permanent magnets are arranged axially antipolig and that in the outer receiving space at both axial ends yoke rings of a ferromagnetic material, in particular iron, and between these a coil winding are arranged.

It is advantageous that the axial distance of the yoke rings is greater than the axial distance of the permanent magnets.

Further yoke rings can be arranged in the armature at its axial ends, wherein in the outer receiving space at both axial ends of permanent magnets are arranged axially antipolig and between these a coil winding is arranged. The axial distance of the permanent magnets is in this case preferably greater than the axial distance of the yoke rings.

In particular, the one actuator / closure element combination is provided in a metering device of a metering system with a cartridge for flowable washing or cleaning agent having a plurality of chambers for spatially separated receiving each different preparations of a detergent or cleaning agent and with a detachable with the cartridge Dosing device, wherein the dosing device comprises: a power source, a control unit, a sensor unit, an actuator, which is so connected to the power source and the control unit, that a control signal of the control unit causes an actuation of the actuator, a closure element, with the actuator in the Art is coupled so that it is displaceable by the actuator in a Verschließstellung and in a passage position (dispensing position), at least one metering chamber communicating communicates with at least one of the cartridge chambers of the cartridge in a combined with a cartridge dosing en, wherein the metering chamber has an inlet for the inflow of detergent or cleaning agent from a Cartridge chamber and an outlet for the discharge of detergent or cleaning agent from the metering chamber into the environment and wherein at least the outlet of the metering chamber is closable or releasable by the closure element.

In particular, the actuator is arranged in a component carrier in the manner that in the use position of the metering device, a receptacle for the actuator on the component carrier in the direction of gravity above the metering chamber is arranged. In this case, it is particularly advantageous that in the position of use of the dosing device, the inlet of the dosing chamber is arranged on the component carrier above the receptacle of the actuator.

It is also conceivable that the metering device has a component carrier in which a receptacle for the actuator on the component carrier is arranged laterally next to the metering chamber in the use position of the metering device.

The receptacle for the actuator preferably has an opening which is in line with the outlet of the metering chamber, wherein the closure element from the actuator through the opening to the outlet is movable back and forth.

closure element

In the context of this application, a closure element is a component that acts on the actuator and that as a result of this action causes the opening or the closure of an outlet opening.

By way of example, the closure element can be valves which can be brought into a product delivery position or closure position by the actuator.

Particularly preferred is the embodiment of the closure element and the actuator in the form of a solenoid valve, wherein the dispenser are configured by the valve and the actuator by the electromagnetic or piezoelectric drive of the solenoid valve. In particular, when using a plurality of containers and thus to be dosed preparations, the amount and timing of the dosage can be controlled very accurately by the use of solenoid valves.

It is therefore advantageous to control the dispensing of preparations from each outlet opening of a chamber with a solenoid valve in that the solenoid valve directly or indirectly determines the release of preparation from the product discharge opening.

sensor

For the purposes of this application, a sensor is a measuring sensor or measuring sensor which can quantitatively record certain physical or chemical properties and / or the material quality of its environment qualitatively or as a measured variable.

The dosing unit preferably has at least one sensor which is suitable for detecting a temperature. The temperature sensor is designed in particular for detecting a water temperature.

It is further preferred that the dosing unit comprises a sensor for detecting the conductivity, whereby in particular the presence of water or the spraying of water, in particular in a dishwasher, is detected.

In a further development of the invention, the dosing unit has a sensor which can determine physical, chemical and / or mechanical parameters from the surroundings of the dosing unit. The sensor unit may comprise one or more active and / or passive sensors for the qualitative and / or quantitative detection of mechanical, electrical, physical and / or chemical variables, which are passed as control signals to the control unit.

In particular, the sensors of the sensor unit from the group of timers, temperature sensors, infrared sensors, brightness sensors, temperature sensors, motion sensors, strain sensors, speed sensors, proximity sensors, flow sensors, color sensors, gas sensors, vibration sensors, pressure sensors, conductivity sensors, turbidity sensors, Schallwechseleldrucksensoren, "Lab-on-a Chip sensors, force sensors, acceleration sensors, inclination sensors, pH sensors, humidity sensors, magnetic field sensors, RFID sensors, magnetic field sensors, Hall sensors, biochips, odor sensors, hydrogen sulfide sensors and / or MEMS sensors.

Particularly in the case of preparations whose viscosity varies greatly depending on the temperature, it is advantageous for volume or mass control of the metered preparations to provide flow sensors in the metering device. Suitable flow sensors may be selected from the group of orifice flow rate sensors, electromagnetic flowmeters, Coriolis mass flow rate measurement, vortex flowmeter, ultrasonic flow rate measurement, variable area flow measurement, annular piston flow measurement, thermal mass flow measurement, or differential pressure flow measurement.

It is particularly preferred that at least two sensor units are provided for measuring mutually different parameters, with very particular preference a sensor unit is a conductivity sensor and a further sensor unit is a temperature sensor. Furthermore, it is preferred that at least one sensor unit is a brightness sensor.

The sensors are especially adapted to detect the beginning, the course and the end of a washing program. For this purpose, by way of example and not limitation, the sensor combinations listed in the following table can be used Sensor 1 Sensor 2 Sensor 3 Sensor 4 conductivity sensor temperature sensor conductivity sensor temperature sensor brightness sensor conductivity sensor temperature sensor brightness sensor turbidity sensor sound sensor temperature sensor

By means of the conductivity sensor can be detected, for example, whether the conductivity sensor is wetted by water, so that, for example. determine if there is water in the dishwasher.

Rinsing programs usually have a characteristic temperature profile, the u.a. is determined by the heating of the rinse water and the drying of the dishes, which can be detected by a temperature sensor.

By means of a brightness sensor, for example, the light penetration into the interior of a dishwasher can be detected when the dishwasher door is opened, resulting in e.g. indicates an end to the washing program.

In order to determine the degree of soiling of the items to be cleaned in the dishwasher, a turbidity sensor can also be provided. From this it is also possible, for example, to select a dosing program in the dosing device that applies to the determined contamination situation.

It is also conceivable to detect the course of a washing program by means of at least one sound sensor by detecting specific sound and / or vibration emissions, e.g. when pumping or pumping out of water, are detected.

Of course, it is possible for the skilled person to use any suitable combinations of several sensors to achieve a Spülprogrammüberwachung.

According to a further development of the invention, it is conceivable for a temperature-dependent viscosity curve of at least one preparation to be stored in the control unit, wherein the dosage is adjusted according to the temperature and thus the viscosity of the preparation by the control unit.

In a further embodiment of the invention, an apparatus for direct determination of the viscosity of the preparation is provided.

The alternatives listed above for determining the metered quantity or the viscosity of a preparation serve to generate a control signal that is processed by the control unit in such a way for controlling a dispenser that essentially a constant metering of a preparation is effected.

The data line between the sensor and the control unit can be realized via an electrically conductive cable or wirelessly. In principle, it is also conceivable that at least one sensor outside the dosing device is positioned or positionable in the interior of a dishwasher and a data line - in particular wireless - for transmitting the measured data from the sensor to the dosing device is formed.

A wirelessly formed data line is formed in particular by the transmission of electromagnetic waves or light. It is preferable to form a wireless data line according to standardized standards such as Bluetooth, IrDA, IEEE 802, GSM, UMTS, etc.

However, in order to enable efficient production and assembly of the dosing device, it is also possible for at least one sensor unit to be arranged on or in the control unit. For example, it is possible to provide a temperature sensor in the dosing device or directly on the board carrying the control unit, so that the temperature sensor has no direct contact with the surroundings.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the sensor unit is arranged at the bottom of the dosing device, wherein in the position of use the bottom of the dosing device is directed downward in the direction of gravity. In this case, it is particularly preferred that the sensor unit comprises a temperature and / or a conductivity sensor. Such a configuration ensures that water is applied to the underside of the dispenser by the spray arms of the dishwasher and thus into contact with the sensor. Due to the fact that the distance between the spray arms and the sensor is as low as possible due to the bottom-side arrangement of the sensor, the water experiences only a slight cooling between the outlet on the spray arms and the contact with the sensor, so that the most accurate temperature measurement can be carried out ,

In order to extend the energy consumption of the dosing device or the life of the energy source, in particular a battery, the energy consumers of the dosing device, in particular the control unit, including an on / off switch can be connected to the power source and the energy source only after reaching the On-state of the on / off switch loaded with a sensor unit forms the on / off switch or is connected to this and switches.

It is particularly preferred for the sensor unit to have two contacts in contact with the environment at the bottom of the dosing device, in particular configured as contact pins projecting downwards from the bottom, one contact as anode contact and the other contact as cathode contact the power source is connected and that without electrically conductive connection between the contacts of the off-state located on / off switch remains in the off state and upon the emergence of an electrically conductive connection between the contacts of the off-state on / off Switch in the on state switches.

It is further preferred that the on / off switch is provided or combined with a self-holding circuit which ensures latching of the energy supply of the energy consumers after reaching the on state of the on / off switch up to a switch-off signal of the control unit . causes.

The on / off switch can be designed in particular as a transistor circuit. It is preferable that the transistor of the on / off switch designed as a pnp transistor and the emitter, possibly via a drive circuit, to the supply voltage to the collector, possibly via a drive circuit to ground and to the cathode contact and the base on the one hand, possibly via a drive circuit, to the supply voltage, on the other hand, if necessary via a drive circuit to the anode contact, is connected.

The drive circuit preferably has at least one drive resistor, which is designed in particular as a resistance voltage divider.

It is particularly advantageous that, in addition to the on / off sensor unit, a sensor unit designed as a conductivity sensor is provided, which has two contacts in contact with the environment at the bottom of the dosing device and the anode contact of the on / off Sensor unit is simultaneously the anode contact of the conductivity sensor forming sensor unit. This makes it possible to realize an on / off switch and a conductivity sensor in a component, a transistor.

It is also possible for the sensor unit forming the temperature sensor to be integrated in a contact, in particular the cathode contact, of the sensor unit forming the conductivity sensor.

In this case, the contact of the sensor unit forming the conductivity sensor, which receives the temperature sensor, may preferably be designed as a hollow contact pin, in which the temperature sensor of the sensor unit forming the temperature sensor is arranged.

In order to realize a compact size, it is furthermore advantageous that the energy source, the control unit and the sensor unit are combined in an assembly on or in the component carrier.

It is particularly preferred that the contacts of a conductivity sensor arranged on the bottom side are surrounded by an electrically conductive silicone. The conductivity sensor may in this case be designed, in particular in the form of a resistance measurement, between two contacts spaced apart from one another and in contact with the surroundings of the dosing device. It is particularly preferred that the silicone is flush-mounted in the bottom of the metering device. Advantageously, the silicone has an approximately circular base. The silicone shows a good wettability with water and thus provides good measurement results regarding the detection of water in the dishwasher.

In order to avoid a polarization on the contacts of the conductivity sensor which impairs sensor accuracy when using a direct current source, it is advantageous to carry out two successive resistance measurements on the conductivity sensor, each with a different polarity, that is to say with an exchange of plus and minus pole. so that no charge surpluses can form at the contacts.

control unit

A control unit in the sense of this application is a device which is suitable for influencing the transport of material, energy and / or information. For this purpose, the control unit influences actuators with the aid of information, in particular of measuring signals of the sensor unit, which processes them in the sense of the control target.

In particular, the control unit may be a programmable microprocessor. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of dosing programs is stored on the microprocessor, which are selectable and executable in a particularly preferred embodiment according to the container coupled to the dosing device.

The control unit has, in a preferred embodiment, no connection to the possibly existing control of the household appliance. There will be no Information, in particular electrical, optical or electromagnetic signals, exchanged directly between the control unit and the control of the household appliance.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the control unit is coupled to the existing control of the household appliance. Preferably, this coupling is wireless. For example, it is possible to position a transmitter on or in a dishwasher, preferably on or at the dosing chamber embedded in the door of the dishwasher, which wirelessly transmits a signal to the dosing unit when the control of the domestic appliance controls the dosing of, for example, a detergent from the dosing unit Dosing or rinse aid causes.

The control unit can store several programs for releasing different preparations or releasing products in different applications.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the call of the corresponding program can be effected by means of corresponding RFID labels or geometric information carriers formed on the container. Thus, it is possible, for example, to use the same control unit for a plurality of applications, for example for metering detergent in dishwashers, for dispensing perfumes in room fragrancing, for applying cleaning substances to a toilet bowl, etc.

For dosing preparations which are in particular prone to gelling, the control unit can be configured in such a way that on the one hand the dosing takes place in a sufficiently short time to ensure a good cleaning result and on the other hand the dosing of the preparation does not occur so quickly. This can be realized, for example, by an interval-like release, whereby the individual metering intervals are set in such a way that the corresponding metered amount dissolves completely during a cleaning cycle.

It is particularly preferred that the metering intervals for dispensing a preparation are between 30-90 seconds, particularly preferably 45-75 seconds.

The delivery of preparations from the dosing device can be done sequentially or simultaneously.

It is particularly preferred to dose a plurality of preparations sequentially in a rinsing program. In particular, the following metering sequences are to be preferred 1st dosage 2nd dosage 3.Dosierung 4.Dosierung Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid disinfecting preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid perfume pretreatment preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the dishwasher and the dosing device work together in such a way that 1 mg to 1 g of surfactant are released in the final rinse program of the dishwasher per m ² Spülraumwändfläche. This ensures that the walls of the washing compartment retain their gloss even after a plurality of rinsing cycles and the dosing system retains its optical transmission capability.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for the dishwasher and the dosing device to interact in such a way that at least one enzyme-containing preparation and / or alkaline preparation is released in the pre-washing program and / or main washing program, with the release of the enzyme-containing preparation preferably taking place prior to release the alkaline preparation takes place.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the dishwasher and the dosing device work together in such a way that 0.1 mg-250 mg of enzyme protein are released in the pre-washing program and / or main wash program of the dishwasher per m ² of dishwashing area, whereby the gloss level of the dishwashing walls is further improved or improved It is also retained after a large number of rinsing cycles.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, data such as control and / or dosing programs of the control unit or stored by the control unit Operating parameters or protocols are read from the control unit or loaded into the control unit. This can be realized, for example, by means of the optical interface, wherein the optical interface is correspondingly connected to the control unit. The data to be transmitted are then encoded as light signals, in the wavelength range between 600-800nm, and transmitted or received. However, it is also possible to use a present in the metering sensor for transmitting data from and / or to the control unit. For example, the contacts of a conductivity sensor, which are connected to the control unit and which provides a conductivity determination by means of a resistance measurement at the contacts of the conductivity sensor, can be used for data transmission.

Procedure in the control unit

By the control unit, in particular, a method for operating a dosing device not connected to a household appliance for dispensing at least one detergent and / or detergent preparation inside the household appliance may be formed, wherein at least one dosing program is stored in the control unit, and the control unit is at least an actuator located in the metering device cooperates in such a way that washing and / or cleaning agent preparation is releasable from the metering device inside the household appliance, the metering device comprises at least one receiving unit for signals emitted by at least one arranged in the household appliance transmitting unit and at least a part the signals in the dosing device-side control unit are converted into control commands for the actuators of the dosing device, the reception of the signals being monitored on the dosing device side by means of the control unit and not receiving the signals on the dosing a dosing from the control unit of the dosing device is activated.

This makes it possible that in a signal separation between the home appliance side transmitting unit and the dosing device, a dosage of preparation is ensured by the dosing transfers the control sovereignty of the household appliance to the dosing device internal control.

In particular, it is advantageous that the household appliance-side signal is emitted in predefined, periodic time intervals from the household appliance-side transmitting unit into the interior of the household appliance. This makes it possible that the defined periodic intervals in which a signal is emitted from the household appliance-side transmitting unit are stored in the control unit of the metering device and in the household appliance. If the contact between the transmitting unit of the domestic appliance breaks down after receiving a signal at the dosing device, this demolition can be determined by comparing the time elapsed since the last received signal and the time in which periodic time interval, the reception of a subsequent signal is expected to be determined Dosiergeräteseitig.

It is preferable that the periodic signal intervals are selected between 1 second and 10 minutes, preferably between 5 seconds and 7 minutes, more preferably between 10 seconds and 5 minutes. It is particularly preferred that the periodic signal intervals are selected between 3 minutes and 5 minutes.

Therefore, it is particularly advantageous that the receipt of a signal emitted by the household appliance side in the control unit of the dosing device is logged with a time information t ₁ .

It is very particularly preferred that the control unit of the dosing device, after the expiration of a predefined time interval t _1-2 starting at t ₁ in which no further appliance signal is received by the dosing device, activates a dosing program from the control unit of the dosing device.

According to an advantageous further development of the invention, the control unit evaluates the number and / or time sequence of the signals received by the dosing device in such a way that a dosing program is activated in the control unit in accordance with the evaluation result. This makes it possible to determine, for example, the duration of a washing program in a dishwasher since its start by comparing the time of the first signal reception to the time of determining the signal break, so that according to the progress of the washing program, a suitable, the progress of the wash program corresponding dosing in the control unit of the dosing device is activated.

It is also conceivable that, based on the above-mentioned evaluation of the number and / or time sequence of the signals received from the dosing device, a dosing program stored in the control unit of the dosing device is activated in the control unit starting from a defined program step corresponding to the progress of the washing program. Thus, it is possible, for example, to activate a dosing program in the dosing device during a signal rupture in the main rinse cycle of a rinse program, which is provided for a main rinse cycle and subsequent rinse program sections.

In particular, the signals transmitted by the household appliance-side transmitting unit comprise at least one control signal.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, the signals emitted by the household appliance-side transmitting unit comprise at least one monitoring signal.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that at least one dosing program stored in the control unit comprises a dosing program of the household appliance. This makes it possible that in a signal separation between the household appliance and the dosing unit, the dosing continues a dosing program started by the household appliance.

Therefore, it is particularly preferred that the metering programs stored in the control unit of the metering device include the metering programs of the household appliance.

In the absence of a signal on the dosing device can advantageously be generated for a user perceptible acoustic and / or optical signal that indicates the signal tear.

Furthermore, it may be advantageous that the transmission of a monitoring signal and / or control signal to the household appliance can be effected manually by a user. In this way, a user can check, for example, whether there is a signal reception between the transmitting unit of the household appliance and the dosing device in one of his chosen positioning of the dosing within the household appliance. This can be realized, for example, by an operating element embodied on the household appliance, such as a pushbutton or switch, which transmits a monitoring and / or control signal when actuated.

energy

For the purposes of this application is understood as an energy source, a component of the dosing, which is expedient to provide a suitable for the operation of the dosing or the dosing energy. Preferably, the energy source is designed such that the dosing system is self-sufficient.

Preferably, the energy source provides electrical energy. The energy source may be, for example, a battery, an accumulator, a power supply, solar cells or the like.

It is particularly advantageous to make the energy source replaceable, for example in the form of a replaceable battery.

For example, a battery may be selected from the group of alkaline manganese batteries, zinc-carbon batteries, nickel-oxyhydroxide batteries, lithium batteries, lithium iron sulfide batteries, Zinc air batteries, zinc chloride batteries, mercury oxide zinc batteries and / or silver oxide zinc batteries.

Lead accumulators (lead dioxide / lead), nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium-ion batteries, lithium-polymer batteries, alkaline manganese batteries, silver-zinc batteries, nickel batteries, etc. Hydrogen batteries, zinc bromine batteries, sodium nickel chloride batteries and / or nickel-iron batteries.

The accumulator can in particular be designed in such a way that it can be recharged by induction.

However, it is also conceivable to form mechanical energy sources consisting of one or more coil spring, torsion spring or torsion bar spring, spiral spring, air spring / gas spring and / or elastomer spring.

The energy source is dimensioned such that the dosing device can go through about 300 dosing cycles before the energy source is exhausted. It is particularly preferred that the energy source can run between 1 and 300 dosing cycles, most preferably between 10 and 300, more preferably between 100 and 300, before the energy source is depleted.

Furthermore, means for energy conversion can be provided in or on the dosing unit, which generate a voltage by means of which the accumulator is charged. For example, these means may be designed as a dynamo, which is driven by the water flows during a rinse cycle in a dishwasher and emits the voltage thus generated to the accumulator.

Fiber optic dosing device

Preferably, an optical transmitting and / or receiving unit is arranged within the dosing device, in particular in or on the component carrier, in order to protect the electrical and / or optical components of the transmitting and / or receiving unit from spray and rinse water.

To direct light from the environment of the dosing to the optical transmitting and / or receiving unit, a light guide is disposed between the optical transmitting and / or receiving unit and the environment of the dosing, which identifies at least a light transmission of 75%. The light guide preferably consists of a transparent plastic with a light transmittance of at least 75%. The transmittance of the optical fiber is defined as the transmittance between the surface of the optical fiber at which the light from the environment of the metering device in the Light guide is coupled and the surface at which the light is coupled out of the optical fiber to the optical transmitting and / or receiving unit. The transmittance can be determined according to DIN5036.

The optical waveguide comprises at least one input and / or decoupling point to which light is coupled or decoupled from an optical transmitting and / or receiving unit and / or from the environment of the dosing device.

It is particularly preferred that the light guide is formed integrally with the component carrier. Advantageously, the component carrier is therefore formed of a transparent material.

For receiving the input and / or extraction point of the light guide and producing an optical connection between the light guide and the environment an opening is provided in the dosing device. The input and / or decoupling point can be arranged in the lateral surface in the bottom or head of the dosing device. In order to provide a good transmission and / or reception characteristic for optical signals, it may be advantageous for the input and / or output point of the optical waveguide to be lens-shaped and / or prism-like.

The light guide can also be constructed in multiple layers and / or in multiple pieces of the same or different materials. It is also possible to provide an air gap between a multi-layered and / or multi-piece molded optical fiber. The transmittance of the light guide is understood in a multi-layered and / or multi-piece structure between the surface of the light guide at which the light from the environment of the dosing device is coupled into the light guide and the surface at which the light from the optical fiber to optical transmission and / or receiving unit is decoupled.

Furthermore, it is preferred that at least two input or extraction points of the light guide are provided with the environment. It is particularly advantageous that the input or extraction points on the dosing device are substantially opposite.

Schwingzerstäuber

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the dosing system has at least one vibrating atomizer, via which it is possible to transfer a preparation into the gas phase or to keep it in the gas phase. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, to evaporate preparations by means of the vibrating atomizer, to nebulise and / or to atomise, whereby the preparation passes into the gas phase or forms an aerosol in the gas phase, wherein the gas phase is usually air.

This embodiment is particularly advantageous when used in a dishwashing machine, where a corresponding release of preparation into the gas phase takes place in a closable washing compartment. The preparation introduced into the gas phase can be distributed evenly in the washing compartment and deposited on the items to be washed in the dishwasher.

The preparation released by the vibrating atomizer may be selected from the group of surfactant-containing preparations, enzyme-containing preparations, odor-neutralizing preparations, biocidal preparations, antibacterial preparations.

By applying the cleaning preparations to the washware from the gas phase, a uniform layer of the corresponding cleaning preparation is applied to the washware surface. It is particularly preferred that the entire Spülgutoberfläche is wetted by the cleaning preparation.

As a result, several advantageous effects can be achieved before the start of a water-releasing cleaning program of the dishwasher. On the one hand can be suppressed by a suitable cleaning preparation, a generation of bad odors by biological decomposition processes adhering to the dishes food residues. On the other hand, a corresponding cleaning preparation can effect a "soaking" of the food particles possibly adhering to the items to be washed, so that they can be easily and completely removed in the dishwasher's cleaning program, in particular in the case of low-temperature programs.

It is also possible to apply a preparation by means of the vibrating atomizer on the dishes after the completion of a cleaning program of a dishwasher. This may be, for example, an antibacterial preparation or a preparation for the modification of surfaces.

preparation

The metering system according to the invention comprises at least one first aqueous surfactant-containing preparation which in particular has a pH of less than 5.5, preferably less than 4, particularly preferably less than 3.5 (10% solution, 20 ° C.). The acidic adjustment of the surfactant phase in particular limescale deposits on the walls of the washing compartment can be prevented, which can reduce the gloss and the reflectivity of the walls. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that by means of such a surfactant preparation the transmittance of the light guide between the optical transmission and / or receiving unit of the dosing device and the environment of the dosing device can be kept constant over a plurality of rinsing cycles.

As stated at the outset, the securing and improvement of a wireless signal transmission for controlling the dosing systems positioned in the washing compartment is ensured according to the invention by means of a specific surfactant-containing preparation to be released in the rinse cycle. In addition to its content of surfactants, this preparation is distinguished in particular by its pH below 5.5 (10% solution, 20 ° C.).

To adjust the pH, the preparations according to the invention contain acidifying agents. The proportion by weight of the acid (s) in the total weight of the preparation according to the invention, based on the total weight of the preparation, preferably between 0.05 and 10 wt .-%, preferably between 0.1 and 8 wt .-% and in particular between 0.2 and 5% by weight.

Suitable acidifying agents are both inorganic acids and organic acids, with particular preference given to organic acids in the context of the present application for reasons of consumer protection and handling safety. Particularly preferred organic acids are the mono-, oligo- and polycarboxylic acids, in particular citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malonic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid and the homo- or copolymeric polycarboxylic acids. Organic sulfonic acids such as amidosulfonic acids are also usable.

Particularly preferred preparations according to the invention contain, based on their total weight, between 0.05 and 10% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 8% by weight and in particular between 0.2 and 5% by weight of acetic acid and / or citric acid.

Of course, the preparations according to the invention may also contain salts of the abovementioned acids as buffer substances. Preference is given here to the alkali metal salts and among these in turn the sodium or potassium salts.

In addition to the acidifying agent, the surfactants form a second essential constituent of preparations according to the invention. In addition to the anionic and amphoteric surfactants, the group of surfactants also includes, in particular, the nonionic surfactants used with particular preference.

In principle, all nonionic surfactants known to the person skilled in the art can be used as nonionic surfactants. Suitable nonionic surfactants are, for example, alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) _x , in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular in the 2-position methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G is the symbol which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4.

Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable. The amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half thereof.

Another class of preferred nonionic surfactants used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.

Low-foaming nonionic surfactants are used as preferred surfactants. With particular preference, washing or cleaning agents, in particular automatic dishwashing detergents, contain nonionic surfactants from the group of the alkoxylated alcohols. The nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary, alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and on average 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture can contain, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten. In particular, however, alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example of coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 moles of EO per mole of alcohol are preferred. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C _12-14 alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C _9-11 alcohols with 7 EO, C _13-15 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C _12-18 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C _12-14 -alcohol with 3 EO and C _12-18 -alcohol with 5 EO. The stated degrees of ethoxylation represent statistical averages, which may correspond to a particular product of an integer or a fractional number. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these nonionic surfactants, fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.

Particular preference is therefore given to ethoxylated nonionic surfactants consisting of C _6-20 monohydroxyalkanols or C _6-20 alkylphenols or C _16-20 fatty alcohols and more than 12 mol, preferably more than 15 mol and in particular more than 20 mol of ethylene oxide per mol Alcohol was used. A particularly preferred nonionic surfactant is obtained from a straight-chain fatty alcohol having 16 to 20 carbon atoms (C _16-20 alcohol), preferably a C ₁₈ -alcohol and at least 12 mol, preferably at least 15 mol and especially at least 20 mol of ethylene oxide. Of these, the so-called "narrow range ethoxylates" are particularly preferred.

Particular preference is given to nonionic surfactants which have a melting point above room temperature. Nonionic surfactant (s) having a melting point above 20 ° C, preferably above 25 ° C, more preferably between 25 and 60 ° C and especially between 26.6 and 43.3 ° C, is / are particularly preferred ,

Nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols, more preferably from the group of mixed alkoxylated alcohols and in particular from the group of EO-AO-EO-Niotenside, are also used with particular preference.

The nonionic surfactant solid at room temperature preferably has propylene oxide units in the molecule. Preferably, such PO units make up to 25 wt .-%, more preferably up to 20 wt .-% and in particular up to 15 wt .-% of the total molecular weight of the nonionic surfactant from. Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants are ethoxylated monohydroxyalkanols or alkylphenols which additionally have polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer units. The alcohol or alkylphenol content of such nonionic surfactant molecules preferably makes up more than 30% by weight, more preferably more than 50% by weight and in particular more than 70% by weight, of the total molecular weight of such nonionic surfactants. Preferred agents are characterized in that they contain ethoxylated and propoxylated nonionic surfactants in which the propylene oxide units in the molecule up to 25 wt .-%, preferably up to 20 wt .-% and in particular up to 15 wt .-% of the total molecular weight of the nonionic Make up surfactants.

Preferably used surfactants come from the groups of alkoxylated nonionic surfactants, in particular the ethoxylated primary alcohols and mixtures of these surfactants with structurally complicated surfactants such as polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene ((PO / EO / PO) surfactants). Such (PO / EO / PO) nonionic surfactants are also characterized by good foam control.

Further particularly preferably used nonionic surfactants with melting points above room temperature contain 40 to 70% of a
Polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block polymer blends containing 75% by weight of a inverse block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene with 17 moles of ethylene oxide and 44 moles of propylene oxide and 25% by weight of a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene initiated with trimethylolpropane and containing 24 moles of ethylene oxide and 99 moles of propylene oxide per mole of trimethylolpropane.

bevorzugt, in der R¹ für einen geradkettigen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ein- bzw. mehrfach ungesättigten C_6-24-Alkyl- oder -Alkenylrest steht; jede Gruppe R² bzw. R³ unabhängig voneinander ausgewählt ist aus -CH₃, -CH₂CH₃, -CH₂CH₂-CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂ und die Indizes w, x, y, z unabhängig voneinander für ganze Zahlen von 1 bis 6 stehen.In the context of the present invention, particularly preferred nonionic surfactants have been low foaming nonionic surfactants which have alternating ethylene oxide and alkylene oxide units. Among these, in turn, surfactants with EO-AO-EO-AO blocks are preferred, wherein in each case one to ten EO or AO groups are bonded to each other before a block of the other groups follows. Here are nichionic surfactants of the general formula

in which R ^{1 is} a straight-chain or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated C _6-24 alkyl or alkenyl radical; each group R ² or R ^{3 is} independently selected from -CH ₃ , -CH ₂ CH ₃ , -CH ₂ CH ₂ -CH ₃ , CH (CH ₃ ) ₂ and the indices w, x, y, z independently stand for integers from 1 to 6.

The preferred nonionic surfactants of the above formula can be prepared by known methods from the corresponding alcohols R ¹ -OH and ethylene or alkylene oxide. The radical R ¹ in the above formula may vary depending on the origin of the alcohol. If native sources are used, the radical R ^{1 has} an even number of carbon atoms and is usually unbranched, the linear radicals being selected from alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 C atoms, for example from coconut, palm, tallow or Oleyl alcohol, are preferred. Alcohols which are accessible from synthetic sources are, for example, the Guerbet alcohols or methyl-branched or linear and methyl-branched radicals in the 2-position, as they are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals. Irrespective of the type of alcohol used to prepare the nonionic surfactants contained in the compositions, preference is given to nonionic surfactants in which R ¹ in the above formula is an alkyl radical having 6 to 24, preferably 8 to 20, particularly preferably 9 to 15 and in particular 9 to 11 Carbon atoms.

As the alkylene oxide unit which is contained in the preferred nonionic surfactants in alternation with the ethylene oxide unit, in particular butylene oxide is considered in addition to propylene oxide. But also other alkylene oxides in which R ² or R ^{3 are} independently selected from - CH ₂ CH ₂ -CH ₃ or -CH (CH ₃ ) ₂ are suitable. Nonionic surfactants of the above formula are preferably used in which R ² or R ^{3 is} a residue -CH ₃ , w and x independently from each other are values of 3 or 4 and y and z are independently of one another values of 1 or 2.

In summary, particularly preferred are nonionic surfactants having a C _9-15 alkyl group having 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units followed by 1 to 4 propylene oxide units followed by 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units followed by 1 to 4 propylene oxide units. These surfactants have the required low viscosity in aqueous solution and can be used according to the invention with particular preference.

Surfactants of the general formula R ¹ -CH (OH) CH ₂ O- (AO) _w - (A'O) _x - (A "O) _y - (A"'O) _z -R ² , in which R ¹ and R ² independently of one another represents a straight-chain or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated C _2-40 -alkyl or -alkenyl radical; A, A ', A "and A'" independently represent a radical from the group -CH ₂ CH ₂ , -CH ₂ CH ₂ -CH ₂ , -CH ₂ -CH (CH ₃ ), -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ , -CH ₂ -CH (CH ₃ ) -CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ -CH (CH ₂ -CH ₃ ); and w, x, y and z are values between 0.5 and 90, where x, y and / or z can also be 0 are preferred according to the invention.

Preference is given in particular to those end-capped poly (oxyalkylated) nonionic surfactants which, in accordance with the formula R ¹ O [CH ₂ CH ₂ O] _x CH ₂ CH (OH) R ² , in addition to a radical R ¹ , which is linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms, furthermore having a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical R ² having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, where x is from 1 to 30 carbon atoms 90, preferably for values between 30 and 80 and in particular for values between 30 and 60.

Particularly preferred are surfactants of the formula

R ¹ O [CH ₂ CH (CH ₃ ) O] _x [CH ₂ CH ₂ O] _y CH ₂ CH (OH) R ² in which R ^{1 is} a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof R ² denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 26 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and x is between 0.5 and 1.5 and y is at least 15.

Particular preference is furthermore given to those end-capped poly (oxyalkylated) nonionic surfactants of the formula R ¹ O [CH ₂ CH ₂ O] _{x [} CH ₂ CH (R ³ ) O] yCH ₂ CH (OH) R ² in which R ¹ and R ² independently of one another is a linear or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 26 carbon atoms, R ^{3 is} independently selected from -CH ₃ , -CH ₂ CH ₃ , -CH ₂ CH ₂ -CH ₃ , -CH (CH ₃ ) ₂ , but preferably -CH ₃ , and x and y independently represent values between 1 and 32, with nonionic surfactants with R ³ = -CH ₃ and values for x of 15 to 32 and y of 0.5 and 1.5 being very particularly preferred.

By using the above-described nonionic surfactants having a free hydroxyl group on one of the two terminal alkyl radicals, the formation of deposits in machine dishwashing can be markedly improved compared to conventional polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols without a free hydroxyl group.

Other preferred nonionic surfactants are the end-capped poly (oxyalkylated) nonionic surfactants of the formula R ¹ O [CH ₂ CH (R ³ ) O] _x [CH ₂ ] _k CH (OH) [CH ₂ ] _j OR ² in which R ¹ and R ^{2 are} linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R ^{3 is} H or a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, 2 Butyl or 2-methyl-2-butyl radical, x are values between 1 and 30, k and j are values between 1 and 12, preferably between 1 and 5. When the value x ≥ 2, each R ³ in the above formula R ¹ O [CH ₂ CH (R ³ ) O] _x [CH ₂ ] _k CH (OH) [CH ₂ ] _j OR ^{2 may be} different. R ¹ and R ² are preferably linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, with radicals having 8 to 18 carbon atoms being particularly preferred. For the radical R ³ , H, -CH ₃ or -CH ₂ CH _{3 are} particularly preferred. Particularly preferred values for x are in the range from 1 to 20, in particular from 6 to 15.

As described above, each R ³ in the above formula may be different if x ≥ 2. As a result, the alkylene oxide unit in the square bracket can be varied. For example, when x is 3, the radical R ³ can be selected to form ethylene oxide (R ³ = H) or propylene oxide (R ³ = CH ₃ ) units which may be joined in any order, for example (EO) ( PO) (EO), (EO) (EO) (PO), (EO) (EO) (EO), (PO) (EO) (PO), (PO) (PO) (EO) and (PO) ( PO) (PO). The value 3 for x has been selected here by way of example and may well be greater, with the variation width increasing with increasing x values and including, for example, a large number (EO) groups combined with a small number (PO) groups, or vice versa ,

Particularly preferred end-capped poly (oxyalkylated) alcohols of the above formula have values of k = 1 and j = 1, so that the above formula is R ¹ O [CH ₂ CH (R ³ ) O] _x CH ₂ CH (OH) CH ₂ OR ² simplified. In the latter formula, R ¹ , R ² and R ^{3 are} as defined above and x is from 1 to 30, preferably from 1 to 20 and in particular from 6 to 18. Particularly preferred are surfactants in which the radicals R ¹ and R ^{2 has} 9 to 14 C atoms, R ^{3 is} H and x assumes values of 6 to 15.

The stated C chain lengths and degrees of ethoxylation or degrees of alkoxylation of the abovementioned nonionic surfactants represent statistical mean values which, for a specific product, may be an integer or a fractional number. Due to the manufacturing process, commercial products of the formulas mentioned are usually not made of an individual representative, but of mixtures, which may result in mean values for the C chain lengths as well as for the degrees of ethoxylation or degrees of alkoxylation and subsequently broken numbers.

Of course, the aforementioned nonionic surfactants can be used not only as individual substances, but also as surfactant mixtures of two, three, four or more surfactants. Mixtures of surfactants are not mixtures of nonionic surfactants which fall in their entirety under one of the abovementioned general formulas, but rather mixtures which contain two, three, four or more nonionic surfactants which can be described by different general formulas ,

The proportion by weight of the nonionic surfactants in the total weight of the preparation according to the invention in a preferred embodiment is between 1.0 and 25 wt .-%, preferably between 2.0 and 20 wt .-%, preferably between 3.0 and 17 wt .-% and in particular between 5.0 and 15 wt .-%.

The formulations according to the invention for release in the rinse cycle contain water, wherein the proportion by weight of the water in the total weight of the composition is preferably between 1.0 and 90% by weight, preferably between 2.0 and 80% by weight and in particular between 5.0 and 70 Wt .-% is. Very particularly preferred preparations have a water content of between 30 and 90% by weight, preferably between 40 and 80% by weight and in particular between 50 and 70% by weight.

In addition to the ingredients mentioned so far, the preparations according to the invention may contain non-aqueous solvents. It has been found that the addition of organic solvents, the surface properties of the walls of the washing compartment can be influenced in favorable for the desired signal transmission manner. The proportion by weight of the organic solvents in the total weight of the preparation according to the invention is preferably between 1.0 and 30% by weight, preferably between 2.0 and 25% by weight and in particular between 4.0 and 20% by weight.

Non-aqueous solvents which can be used in the preparations according to the invention are derived, for example, from the group of monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, alkanolamines or glycol ethers. Preferably, the solvents are selected from ethanol, n- or i-propanol, butanols, glycol, propane or butanediol, glycerol, diglycol, Propyl or butyl diglycol, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, etheylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl, ethyl or propyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl or ethyl ether, methoxy, ethoxy or Butoxytriglycol, 1-butoxyethoxy-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol t-butyl ether, 1,2-propylene glycol and mixtures of these solvents.

The organic solvents from the group of organic amines and / or alkanolamines have proved to be particularly effective with regard to the advantageous influence of the signal transmission in the washing compartment.

Particularly preferred organic amines are the primary and secondary alkylamines, the alkyleneamines and mixtures of these organic amines. The group of preferred primary alkylamines include monomethylamine, monoethylamine, monopropylamine, monobutylamine, monopentylamine and cyclohexylamine. The group of preferred secondary alkylamines includes in particular dimethylamine.

Preferred alkanolamines are in particular the primary, secondary and tertiary alkanolamines and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred primary alkanolamines are monoethanolamine (2-aminoethanol, MEA), monoisopropanolamine, diethylethanolamine (2- (diethylamino) ethanol). Particularly preferred secondary alkanolamines are diethanolamine (2,2'-iminodiethanol, DEA, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) amine), N-methyl-diethanolamine, N-ethyl-diethanolamine. Düsopropanolamine and morpholine. Particularly preferred tertiary alkanolamines are triethanolamine and triisopropanolamine.

The preparations according to the invention may furthermore contain hydrotropes. Preferred hydrotropes are xylene and cumene sulfonate as well as urea and N-methylacetamide.

Preparations preferred in the context of the present invention comprise toluene, cumene or xylene sulfonate in amounts of from 0.5 to 15% by weight, preferably from 1.0 to 12% by weight, particularly preferably from 2.0 to 10% by weight. -% and in particular from 2.5 to 8 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the preparation.

In order to avoid the formation of turbidity, streaks and scratches on mechanically cleaned glass surfaces, the preparations according to the invention may contain glass corrosion inhibitors. Preferred glass corrosion inhibitors come from the group of zinc salts and zinc complexes.

The spectrum of the inventively preferred zinc salts, preferably the zinc salts of organic acids, particularly preferably the zinc salts of organic carboxylic acids, is sufficient salts which are difficult or insoluble in water, that is to say have a solubility below 100 mg / l, preferably below 10 mg / l, in particular below 0.01 mg / l, to those salts which have a solubility in water above 100 mg / l, preferably above 500 mg / l, more preferably above 1 g / l and in particular above 5 g / l (all solubilities at 20 ° C water temperature). The first group of zinc salts includes, for example, zinc citrate, zinc oleate and zinc stearate, and the group of soluble zinc salts includes, for example, zinc formate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate and zinc gluconate.

With particular preference is used as the glass corrosion inhibitor at least one zinc salt of an organic carboxylic acid, particularly preferably a zinc salt from the group zinc stearate, zinc oleate, zinc gluconate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate and zinc citrate. Zinc ricinoleate, zinc abietate and zinc oxalate are also preferred.

Some exemplary formulations for preferred formulations according to the invention can be found in the following tables: ingredient No. 1 [% by weight] No. 2 [% by weight] No. 3% by weight] No. 4 [% by weight] No. 5 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 6 [% by weight] No. 7 [% by weight] No. 8% by weight] No. 9 [% by weight] No. 10 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acetic acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 11 [% by weight] No. 12 [% by weight] No. 13% by weight] No. 14 [% by weight] No. 15 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 citric acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 16 [% by weight] No. 17 [% by weight] No. 18 [% by weight] No. 19 [% by weight] No. 20 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 Org. Solvent 0 - 30 0 to 25 0 to 25 0 - 20 0 - 20 Hydrotop 0 - 15 0 - 12 0-10 0 - 8 0 - 8 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 21 [% by weight] No. 22 [% by weight] No. 23 [% by weight] No. 24 [% by weight] No. 25 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acetic acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 Org. Solvent 0 - 30 0 to 25 0 to 25 0 - 20 0 - 20 Hydrotop 0 - 15 0 - 12 0-10 0 - 8 0 - 8 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 26 [% by weight] No. 27 [% by weight] No. 28 [% by weight] No. 29 [% by weight] No. 30 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40-80 citric acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 Org. Solvent 0 - 30 0 to 25 0 to 25 0 - 20 0 - 20 Hydrotop 0 - 15 0 - 12 0-10 0 - 8 0 - 8 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 31 [% by weight] No. 32 [% by weight] No. 33% by weight] No. 34 [% by weight] No. 35 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 1,2-propylene glycol 1.0 - 30 2.0 to 25 2.0 to 25 4.0 - 20 4.0 - 20 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 36 [% by weight] No. 37 [% by weight] No. 38% by weight] No.39 [% by weight] No. 40 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acetic acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 1,2-propylene glycol 1.0 - 30 2.0 to 25 2.0 to 25 4.0 - 20 4.0 - 20 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 41 [% by weight] No. 42 [% by weight] No. 43% by weight] No. 44 [% by weight] No. 45 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 to 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 Na cumene 0,5 - 15 1.0 - 12 2,0 - 10 2.5 - 8 2.5 - 8 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 46 [% by weight] No. 47 [% by weight] No. 48% by weight] No. 49 [% by weight] No. 50 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acetic acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 Na cumene 0,5 - 15 1.0 - 12 2,0 - 10 2.5 - 8 2.5 - 8 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 51 [% by weight] No. 52 [% by weight] No. 53 [% by weight] No. 54 [% by weight] No. 55 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 Org. Solvent 1.0 - 30 2.0 to 25 2.0 to 25 4.0 - 20 4.0 - 20 Hydrotop 0,5 - 15 1.0 - 12 2,0 - 10 2.5 - 8 2.5 - 8 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 56 [% by weight] No. 57 [% by weight] No. 58 [% by weight] No. 59 [% by weight] No. 60 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acetic acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 1,2-propylene glycol 1.0 - 30 2.0 to 25 2.0 to 25 4.0 - 20 4.0 - 20 Na cumene 0,5 - 15 1.0 - 12 2,0 - 10 2.5 - 8 2.5 - 8 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 ingredient No. 61 [% by weight] No. 62 [% by weight] No. 63 [% by weight] No. 64 [% by weight] No. 65 [% by weight] water 1.0 - 90 1.0 - 90 2.0 - 80 5,0 - 70 40 - 80 acetic acid 0.05-10 0.1 - 8 0.1 - 8 0.2 - 5 0.2 - 5 Nonionic surfactant 1.0 - 25 2,0 - 20 3,0 - 17 5.0 - 15 5.0 - 15 1,2-propylene glycol 1.0 - 30 2.0 to 25 2.0 to 25 4.0 - 20 4.0 - 20 Na cumene 0,5 - 15 1.0 - 12 2,0 - 10 2.5 - 8 2.5 - 8 zinc salt 0.1 to 4.0 0.2 to 3.0 0.2 to 3.0 0.5 to 2.0 0.5 to 2.0 Misc Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100 Add 100

Furthermore, it is for maintaining and / or improving the gloss level of the Spülkammerwände advantage that at least at least one surfactant, at least one polymer and at least one phosphonate are discharged from one or more preparations in the wash liquor, these components are selected so that at least the surfactant and the polymer are adhered to the surface of the light guide directed into the washing compartment. This results in an improved draining and drying of washing liquid on the walls, whereby deposits on the walls, eg be reduced in the form of water spots. Furthermore, the surfactants and / or polymers adhering to the walls constitute a kind of sealing of the wall surfaces, so that new adhesions of foreign substances can be reduced.

dishwasher

A dishwasher suitable for the metering system according to the invention has, in particular, a closable washing compartment. Usually, the washing compartment of a dishwasher is opened or closed by a door or drawer. Usually, the washing compartment is protected against the entry of ambient light.

The walls of the washing compartment have in particular a gloss level of at least 10 gloss units, preferably at least 20 gloss units, particularly preferably at least 45 gloss units measured according to DIN 67530 with a 60 ° geometry. In this way, multiple reflections of the emitted optical signals on the walls of the washing compartment are made possible, whereby the danger of possible signal shadows, in particular for optical signals in the visible and / or IR range inside the washing compartment of the dishwasher, is reduced.

Average gloss level means the gloss level averaged over the entire surface of a wall. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the average gloss level of Spülraumwände is at least 10 gloss units, preferably at least 20 gloss units, more preferably at least 45 gloss units measured according to DIN 67530 with a 60 ° geometry.

Mean washroom gloss level means the gloss level averaged over the entire surface of all washroom walls. In a further preferred development of the invention, the mean flushing gloss level is at least 10 gloss units, preferably at least 20 gloss units, particularly preferably at least 45 gloss units measured according to DIN 67530 with a 60 ° geometry.

In order to reduce the risk of signal shadows in the washing compartment, it is particularly advantageous that the walls of the washing compartment have a reflectance of at least 50%.

Average reflectance means the reflectance averaged over the entire surface of a wall. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the mean reflectance of the Spülraumwände is at least 50%.

Average washdown reflectance means the reflectance averaged over the entire surface of all washroom walls. In a further preferred development of the invention, the average Spülraumreflexionsgrad is at least 50%.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the walls of the washing compartment on optical reflection elements. The reflection elements serve the most homogeneous possible distribution of the optical signals, in particular in the visible and / or IR range within the washing compartment, so that reduced or completely avoided by the corresponding reflections zones of optical signal shadow within the washing compartment. It is particularly preferred that the reflection elements are formed integrally with the Spülraumwänden. According to an advantageous embodiment, the optical reflection elements protrude out of the plane of the Spülraumwände and into the washing compartment inside. However, it is also conceivable that the optical reflection elements are formed as depressions in the Spülraumwänden. The optical reflection elements can take any suitable spatial form, in particular, the optical reflection elements are, for example, dome-shaped, cup-shaped, frustoconical, quarry-shaped, cube-shaped, with rounded or pointed edges and / or combinations thereof.

The reflection elements can be arranged in particular approximately in the middle of a Spülraumwand. However, it is also conceivable additionally or alternatively, to provide reflection elements at the edges or corners of a Spülraumwand to reduce the risk of signal shadows in particular in the rear, lower and upper corners of the washing compartment (viewed from the dishwasher door from).

Dispenser of the dishwasher

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dosing device can receive signals from a dispensing device fixed in a dishwasher.

The dispensing device for dispensing at least one preparation into the interior of a dishwasher may, in particular, be a cleaning agent dispenser, a dispenser for rinse aid or salt or a combination dispenser.

The dispensing device advantageously comprises at least one transmitting unit and / or at least one receiving unit for the wireless transmission of signals into the interior of the dishwasher or for the wireless reception of signals from the interior of the dishwasher.

It is particularly preferred that the transmitting unit and / or receiving unit is configured to transmit or receive optical signals. It is very particularly preferred that the transmitting unit and / or receiving unit is configured to emit or receive light in the visible range. Since darkness usually prevails in the interior of the dishwasher during operation of a dishwasher, signals in the visible, optical range, for example in the form of signal pulses or light flashes, can be emitted and detected.

In particular, the transmitting unit comprises at least one LED. Particularly preferably, the transmitting unit comprises at least two LEDs. It is particularly advantageous that at least two LEDs are arranged in an offset by 90 ° to each other radiation angle. As a result, the danger of signal shadows, in which a freely positionable receiver of the signals, in particular a dosing device, could be due to the generated multiple reflections within the dishwasher reduce.

It is also possible according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention to provide at least two LEDs which emit light in a mutually different wavelength. This makes it possible, for example, to define different signal bands on which information can be sent or received.

Furthermore, it is advantageous in a further development of the invention that at least one LED is an RGB LED whose wavelength is adjustable. For example, an LED can be used to define different signal bands that emit signals at different wavelengths. Thus, for example, it is also conceivable that light is emitted at a different wavelength during the drying process, during which there is a high level of atmospheric humidity (mist) in the washing compartment, than, for example, during a washing step.

The transmitting unit of the dispensing device can be configured so that the LED both for transmitting signals inside the dishwasher, especially when the dishwasher door is closed, as well as for visual display of an operating condition, for example, the level of the salt or rinse aid storage container of a dishwasher, especially when the dishwasher door is open is provided.

The optical signal is designed as a signal pulse or a sequence of signal pulses with a pulse duration between 1 ms and 10 seconds, preferably between 5 ms and 100 ms seconds.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the transmitting unit is configured such that it emits an optical signal with the dishwasher closed, that an average illuminance E between 0.01 and 100 lux, preferably between 0.1 and 50 lux measured at the walls bounding the washing compartment causes. This illuminance is then sufficient to cause multiple reflections with or on the other Spülraumwänden and so possible signal shadows in the washing compartment, in particular in the loading condition of the dishwasher to reduce or prevent.

The receiving unit of the dispensing device may in particular comprise a photodiode.

In a further development of the invention, the dispensing device can additionally or alternatively also be configured for transmitting or receiving radio signals.

The signal transmitted by the transmitting unit and / or receiving unit is, in particular, a carrier of information, in particular a control signal.

It is particularly preferred that the dispensing device is arranged in the door of a dishwasher.

Furthermore, a receptacle for releasably fixing a dosing device to the dispensing device can be provided on the dispensing device. This makes it possible, for example, to position the dosing device not only in the dish drawer of a dishwasher, but also directly to a dispenser of the dishwasher, in particular a Kombidosiergeräts to fix. On the one hand, this does not occupy a loading space in the dish drawer by the metering device, on the other hand, a defined positioning of the metering device takes place relative to the dispensing device.

Frequently dispensing devices such as a Kombidosiergerät a hinged flap, which is opened within a wash program to deliver the cleaning preparation located in the dosing of the Kombigeräts inside the dishwasher. The receptacle for the dosing device can now be formed on the dispensing device in such a way that an opening of the flap is prevented when the dosing device is fixed in the receptacle. As a result, the risk of a double dose from the metering device and the dispenser is prevented.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to configure the fixation of the dispensing device and the transmitting and / or receiving unit in such a way that at least the transmitting unit irradiates directly onto the receiver of the metering device arranged in the fixation.

Advantageously, the metering device not permanently connected to the dishwasher for use in a dispensing system comprising the dispenser at least one receiving and / or at least one transmitting unit for wireless transmission of signals from the interior of the dishwasher to the dispenser or for wireless reception of signals from the dispenser.

adapter

Through an adapter, a simple coupling of the dosing with a water-bearing household appliance can be realized. The adapter serves for the mechanical and / or electrical connection of the metering system with the water-conducting household appliance.

The adapter is, preferably fixed, connected to a water-carrying pipe of the household appliance. However, it is also conceivable to provide the adapter for positioning in or on the household appliance, in which the adapter is detected by the water flow and / or spray of the household appliance.

The adapter is formed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention such that a release of preparation from the dosing device in coupled with the adapter state, not directly into the rinsing water, but in the guided through the water-bearing pipe into the adapter water, the so water loaded with preparation is subsequently passed out of the adapter into the interior of the dishwasher.

Preferably, the adapter is configured in such a way that in the uncoupled with the dosing device state, a leakage of water from the adapter is prevented. This can be prevented, for example, by the water-carrying line, with which the adapter is in fluid communication, does not promote water in or to the adapter or the adapter of Water is passed through the water-carrying line, the adapter, however, has sealing means which prevent leakage of water from the adapter, such as slotted silicone elements that close the adapter when removing the dosing device from the adapter substantially liquid-tight.

The adapter makes it possible to carry out a dosing system both for a stand-alone version and for a "buildin" version by coupling the self-contained dosing device with the adapter. It is also possible to form the adapter as a kind of charging station for the metering system in which, for example, the energy source of the metering device is charged or data is exchanged between the metering device and the adapter or the dishwasher.

The adapter can be arranged in a dishwasher on one of the inner walls of the washing chamber, in particular on the inner side of the dishwasher door. However, it is also conceivable that the adapter is positioned as such inaccessible to the user in the water-conducting household appliance, so that the dosing device is used for example during assembly with the household appliance in the adapter, wherein the adapter, the dosing device and the household appliance in such are formed so that a cartridge can be coupled by the user with the dosing device.

applications

In principle, the dosing system of the type described above is suitable for being used in or in connection with water-conducting devices of any kind.

The metering system according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in water-bearing household appliances such as dishwashers, but not limited to such use.

In general, it is possible to use the dosing system according to the invention wherever a dosage of at least one, preferably several preparations in a liquid medium according to a dosing program triggering or controlling external physical or chemical parameters is needed.

Thus, for example, it is also conceivable to use the dosing system in household robots, such as floor cleaning machines, for dosing cleaning substances in a toilet bowl or toilet cistern, water-conducting cleaning appliances such as high-pressure cleaner, windscreen washer systems for vehicles, in plant irrigation systems, steam ironing devices, fittings and the like.

List of Figures

FIG. 1

Self-sufficient dosing device with two-chamber cartridge in separated and assembled state

FIG. 2

Self-contained dosing device with two-chamber cartridge arranged in a drawer of a dishwasher

FIG. 3

Two-chamber cartridge in separated state to a self-sufficient and internal machine-integrated dosing device

FIG. 4

Two-chamber cartridge in assembled condition with an internal machine-integrated dosing device

FIG. 5

Two-chamber cartridge in separated and assembled state to a self-sufficient, machine-integrated dosing device

FIG. 6

Two-chamber cartridge in assembled condition to a self-sufficient, machine-integrated dosing device

FIG. 7

Self-sufficient dosing device with refillable two-chamber cartridge and refill unit

FIG. 8

Cartridge formed from a tub and a cup-shaped cartridge element

FIG. 9

Cartridge formed by two trough-shaped cartridge elements

FIG. 10

Cartridge formed from a cup-shaped, bottomless container and a cartridge bottom

FIG. 11

Cartridge formed from a cup-shaped, open-topped container with a cartridge cover

FIG. 12

Cartridge formed from two chamber elements

FIG. 13

Cartridge with refill bag

FIG. 14

Cartridge with volatile substance delivery chamber

Figure 15

Cartridge with positively connected chambers in supervision

FIG. 16

Cartridge with three chambers in front view

FIG. 17

Cartridge with three chambers in supervision

FIG. 18

Two-part cartridge with a trough-shaped and a plate-like cartridge element in an exploded view

FIG. 19

Two-part cartouche with a cup-shaped container and a cartridge bottom in an exploded view

FIG. 20

Three-chamber cartridge with dosing device in the separated state in a perspective view

FIG. 21

Three-chamber cartridge with ventilation openings in a perspective view

FIG. 22

Perspective interior view into a three-chamber cartridge with removed front wall

FIG. 23

Longitudinal view into a three-chamber cartridge

FIG. 24

Longitudinal view of a coupled with the dispenser three-chamber cartridge

FIG. 25

Forming the ventilation duct on a separating web of the cartridge in a schematic diagram

Figure 26

Cartridge and dosing device in uncoupled state in a cross-sectional view

Figure 27

Cartridge and dosing device in the pivotable, locked state in a cross-sectional view

Figure 28

Combined dosing unit with sender and receiver unit

Figure 29

Combined dosing unit with sender and receiver unit with opened dosing chamber lid

Figure 30

Combination meter with holder for external dosing unit

Figure 31

Dosing device and arranged in the household appliance transmitting device

Figure 32

Dosing device and arranged in the household appliance transmitting device with loaded household appliance

Figure 33

Dosing device and arranged in the household appliance two types of signals emitting transmitter

Figure 34

Dosing device with two types of signals emitting transmitter and domestic appliance receiving device

Figure 35

Dosing device with optical transmitting device, coupled cartridge and household appliance side transmitting and / or receiving devices

Figure 36

magnetic valve

Figure 37

magnetic valve

FIG. 40

Dosing chamber with float

FIG. 41

Dosing chamber with float

Figure 42

Dosing chamber with float

FIG. 43

Dosing chamber with float

FIG. 44

Dosing device in plate receptacle of a dish drawer

FIG. 45

Dosing device with bottom fixing

FIG. 46

Dosing device with fixative in the lateral surface of the dosing device

FIG. 47

Dosing device with protruding from the ground plates

FIG. 48

Dosing device with projecting from the bottom discharge openings

FIG. 49

Dosing device with V-shaped bottom contour of the dosing device

FIG. 50

Metering device with sawtooth-like fixation

FIG. 51

Dosing device with wave-shaped fixing

FIG. 52

Dosing device and cartridge in exploded view

FIG. 53

Component carrier in front view

FIG. 54

Component carrier in an exploded view

FIG. 55

Component carrier in an exploded view

FIG. 1 shows a self-sufficient dosing device 2 with a two-chamber cartridge 1 in the separated and assembled state.

The dosing device 2 has two Dosierkammereinlässe 21 a, 21 b for repeatedly releasably receiving the corresponding outlet openings 5a, 5b of the chambers 3a, 3b of the cartridge 1. On the front are display and controls 37, which indicate the operating state of the dosing device 2 and act on this.

The Dosierkammereinlässe 21a, 21b further comprise means for the insertion of the cartridge 1 on the dosing device 2, the opening of the outlet openings 5a, 5b of the chambers 3a, 3b effect, so that in the coupled state of dosing device 2 and cartridge 1, the interior of the chambers 3a , 3b communicating with the Dosierkammereinlässen 21 a, 21 b is connected.

The cartridge 1 may consist of one or more chambers 3a, 3b. The cartridge 1 may be integrally formed with a plurality of chambers 3a, 3b or more pieces, in which case the individual chambers 3a, 3b are joined together to form a cartridge 1, in particular by cohesive, positive or non-positive connection methods.

In particular, the fixation by one or more of the types of compounds from the group of snap-in compounds, compression joints, fusions, adhesive bonds, welded joints, solder joints, screw, wedge, clamp or bounce joints can be done. In particular, the fixation can also be formed by a shrink sleeve (so-called sleeve), which is pulled in a heated state at least in sections over the cartridge and firmly encloses the cartridge in the cooled state.

In order to provide advantageous residual emptying properties of the cartridge 1, the bottom of the cartridge 1 may be funnel-shaped inclined to the discharge opening 5a, 5b. Furthermore, the inner wall of the cartridge 1 can be formed by suitable choice of material and / or surface design in such a way that a low material adhesion of the product to the inner cartridge wall is realized. Also by this measure, the residual emptying of the cartridge 1 can be further optimized.

The chambers 3a, 3b of the cartridge 1 may have the same or different filling volumes. In a two-chambered configuration 3a, 3b, the chamber volume ratio is preferably 5: 1, in a 3-chamber configuration it is preferably 4: 1: 1, which configurations are particularly suitable for use in dishwashers.

A connection method can also be that the chambers 3a, 3b are inserted into one of the corresponding metering chamber inlets 21a, 21b of the metering device 2 and thus fixed against each other.

The connection between the chambers 3a, 3b may in particular be made detachable in order to allow a separate exchange of a chamber.

The chambers 3a, 3b each contain a preparation 40a, 40b. The preparation 40a, 40b may have the same or different composition.

Advantageously, the chambers 3a, 3b are made of a transparent material, so that the filling level of the preparations 40a, 40b is visible from the outside by the user. However, it may also be advantageous to manufacture at least one of the chambers from an opaque material, in particular when the preparation contained in this chamber contains light-sensitive ingredients.

The outlet openings 5a, 5b are designed such that they form a positive and / or non-positive, in particular liquid-tight, connection with the corresponding metering chamber inlets 21a, 21b.

It is particularly advantageous that each of the outlet openings 5a, 5b is formed so that it fits only one of the Dosierkammereinlässe 21 a, 21 b, thereby preventing a chamber is accidentally plugged onto a wrong Dosierkammereinlass. This can be realized, for example, by outlet openings 5a, 5b and / or metering chamber inlets 21a, 21b of different sizes or different in terms of their basic shape.

The cartridge 1 usually has a filling volume of <5,000 ml, in particular <1,000 ml, preferably <500 ml, more preferably <250 ml, most preferably <50 ml.

The metering unit 2 and the cartridge 1 can be adapted in the assembled state in particular to the geometries of the devices or in which they are applied in order to ensure the least possible loss of useful volume. To use the dosing unit 2 and the cartridge 1 in dishwashers, it is particularly advantageous to mold the dosing unit 2 and the cartridge 1 on the basis of dishes to be cleaned in dishwashers. Thus, the dosing unit 2 and the cartridge 1, for example, plate-shaped, be formed in approximately the dimensions of a plate. As a result, the dosing unit can be positioned to save space in the lower basket.

The outlet openings 5a, 5b of the cartridge 1 are preferably arranged on a line or in alignment, whereby a slender, plate-shaped design of the dosing dispenser is made possible.

FIG. 2 shows a self-sufficient dosing with a two-chamber cartridge 1 in the dish drawer 11 with the dishwasher door 39 of a dishwasher 38 open. It can be seen that the dosing device 2 with the cartridge 1 is in principle positionable anywhere within the dish drawer 11, wherein it The advantage is to provide a dish-shaped or cup-shaped dosing system 1,2 in a corresponding plate or cup receptacle of the dish drawer 11. In the dishwasher door 39 is a metering chamber 53, in which a dishwasher cleaner preparation can be given, for example in the form of a tablet. If the dosing system 1, 2 is in the ready-to-use state inside the dishwasher 38, then a cleaning preparation addition for each rinsing cycle via the dosing chamber 53 is not necessary, since a detergent dispensing for a plurality of rinsing cycles is implemented via the dosing system 1, 2, which will follow is explained in more detail. It is advantageous in this embodiment of the invention that in the arrangement of the self-sufficient dosing 1.2 in the lower dish drawer 11, the delivery of the preparations 40a, 40b from the cartridge 1 directly via the bottom of the dispenser arranged outlet openings in the rinsing water liquor, so that a fast Solution and uniform distribution of the rinse formulations in the wash program is guaranteed.

FIG. 3 shows a two-chamber cartridge 1 in the separated state to a self-sufficient dosing device 2 and an internal, machine-integrated dosing. In this case, the cartridge 1 is designed in such a way that it can be coupled both to the self-sufficient dosing device 2 and to the machine-integrated dosing device (not shown, for example, in the dishwasher door 39), as indicated by the in FIG. 3 dargstellten arrows is indicated.

A recess 43 into which the cartridge 1 can be inserted is formed on the side of the dishwasher door 39 directed inside the dishwasher 38, the outlet openings 5a, 5b of the cartridge 1 communicating with the adapter pieces 42a, 42b being connected by insertion. The adapter pieces 42a, 42b are in turn coupled to the machine-integrated dosing device.

For fixing the cartridge 1 in the recess 43 holding elements 44a, 44b may be provided on the recess 43, which ensure a positive and / or positive fixing of the cartridge in the recess 43. Of course, it is also conceivable that corresponding retaining elements are provided on the cartridge 1. The holding elements 44a, 44b may preferably be selected from the group of snap-in connections, Snap-in connections, snap-lock connections, clamp connections or plug connections.

During operation of the dishwasher 38, preparation 40a, 40b from the cartridge 1 through the adapter elements 42a, 42b is added to the corresponding rinsing cycle by the machine-integrated dosing device.

FIG. 4 shows the off FIG. 3 Known cartridge 1 in the installed state in the door 39 of a dishwasher 38. It can be seen that by integrating the dosing unit 2 and the cartridge 1 in the door 39 of the dishwasher, no space is lost in the dish drawer 11 for items to be washed, which is a significant advantage this embodiment represents.

Another embodiment of the invention is in Error! Reference source not found. displayed. Error! Reference source not found. shows the off FIG. 3 known cartridge 1 with a arranged at the top of the cartridge 1 chamber 45, which has a plurality of openings 46 in its lateral surface. Preferably, the chamber 45 is filled with an air freshener formulation which is delivered through the openings 46 to the environment. The air-conditioning preparation may in particular comprise at least one fragrance and / or an odor-controlling substance.

A further embodiment of the invention is in FIG. 5 and FIG. 8 shown. The dosing device 2 can in this case be coupled to the cartridge 1, which is indicated by the first, left arrow in the drawing accordingly. Subsequently, cartridge 1 and dosing device 2 are coupled as an assembly via the interface 47,48 to the dishwasher, which is indicated by the right arrow. The dosing device 2 has an interface 47, via which data and / or energy are transferred to and / or from the dosing device 2. In the door 39 of the dishwasher 38, a recess 43 for receiving the dosing device 2 is provided. In the depression 43, a second interface 48 is provided, which transmits data and / or energy to and / or from the dosing device 2.

Preferably, data and / or energy are exchanged wirelessly between the first interface 47 on the dosing device 2 and the second interface 48 on the dishwasher 38. It is particularly preferred that energy from the interface 48 of the dishwasher 38 is transmitted wirelessly via the interface 47 to the dosing device 2. This can be done, for example, inductively and / or capacitively.

FIG. 8 shows the dosing 1.2 in the coupled state with the dishwasher 38 in the recess 43 of the dishwasher door 39th

FIG. 7 shows a cartridge 1 whose chambers 3a, 3b via the head-side openings 49a, 49b, for example by means of a Nachfüllkartusche 51 can be filled. The openings 49a, 49b of the cartridge 1 may be formed, for example, as silicone valves, which open when piercing through the adapter 50a, 50b and close again upon removal of the adapter 50a, 50b, so that an inadvertent leakage of preparation from the cartridge is prevented.

The adapters 50a, 50b are formed in such a way that they can pierce the openings 49a, 49b of the cartridge 1. Advantageously, the openings 49a, 49b of the cartridge 1 and the adapters 50a, 50b are configured with regard to their position and size in such a way that the adapter can engage in the openings 49a, 49b only in a predefined position. In this way, in particular, incorrect filling of the cartridge chambers 3a, 3b can be prevented and it is ensured that the respectively identical or compatible preparation passes from a chamber 52a, 52b of the refill cartridge 51 into the corresponding chamber 3a, 3b of the cartridge 1.

Further embodiments of the known from the preceding figures cartridge are in the FIG. 8 to FIG. 14 shown.

In a first embodiment, which in FIG. 8 is reproduced, the cartridge 1 consists of a first trough-shaped element 6 and a second plate-like or lid-like element 7, wherein in the FIG. 10 the two elements 6,7 are shown in the unassembled state. The second, plate-like or lid-like element 7 is dimensioned such that it completely covers the first trough-shaped element 6 along the connecting edge 8 in the assembled state of the cartridge 1.

The first trough-shaped element 6 is formed by the cartridge head 10, the cartridge side surfaces 11 and 12 and the cartridge bottom 4. Through the divider 9, the two chambers 3a, 3b of the cartridge 1 are defined. At the cartridge bottom 4, an outlet opening 5a, 5b are provided for each of the chambers 3a, 3b. The cartridge 1 is formed by materially joining the first trough-shaped element 6 to the second, plate-like or lid-like element 7, wherein the connecting edge 8 does not intersect the outlet openings 5a, 5b of the cartridge 1 in the assembled state.

Another embodiment of the cartridge shows the FIG. 9 in which two cartridge elements 6, 7 are also to be seen in the unassembled state. The two cartridge elements 6,7 are mirror-symmetrical, so that in the assembled state, the connecting edges 8 of the two elements 6,7 completely rest on each other. The outlet openings 5a and 5b are formed only at the bottom 4 of the first cartridge element 6, so that the connecting edge 8 of the elements 6,7 on the cartridge bottom 4 outside of the outlet openings 5a, 5b extends and the connecting edge 8, the outlet openings 5a, 5b thus does not intersect. In this way, a more secure sealing of the outlet openings 5a, 5b can be ensured, since material deformations in the area of the outlet openings 5a, 5b are made more uniform, in particular due to thermal stresses, and uneven deformation does not occur through a joint edge 8, which subsequently leads to undesired sealing problems. especially during insertion of the cartridge and / or can lead during the temperature changes within a wash program.

FIG. 10 shows a modification of FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 known cartouche. In this embodiment, the first cartridge element 6 is designed as a one-piece cup-shaped, bottomless plastic container. The cartridge 1 is formed by inserting the bottom 4 to the container 6 along the connecting edge 8, which is indicated by the arrow in the figure. The bottom 4 has a first opening 5a and a second opening 5b which, in the assembled state of the cartridge 1, allow outflow of preparation from the respective chambers 3a, 3b. Again, the connecting edge 8 extends in the assembled state of the cartridge 1 outside the outlet openings 5a, 5b.

Alternatively, it is also conceivable that a cartridge element 6 is formed as a cup-shaped, open-topped container with the chambers 3a, 3b and the second element as a cartridge cover 10 which is liquid-tightly connected to the cup-like, open top container along the connecting edge 8, in turn the connecting edge 8 in the assembled state of the cartridge 1 outside the outlet openings 5a, 5b extends, as it is apparent from the FIG. 11 evident.

The fact that the cartridge 1 can also be formed from two mutually separately formed chambers 3a, 3b is in FIG. 12 shown. In particular, in this case the chambers 3a, 3b may be formed by a blow molding process. The two chambers 3a, 3b are in this embodiment variant material, positive and / or non-releasably connected to each other and thus form the cartridge first

FIG. 13 shows the off FIG. 11 known cartridge 1 as a receptacle for a bag 40 filled with preparation 40, so that by inserting the bag into the cartridge chambers, which is indicated by the arrows in the figure, a so-called "bag-in-bottle" container is formed. The openings 65a, 65b of the bag 64a, 64b are formed in such a way that they can be inserted into the openings 5a, 5b of the cartridge 1. Preferably, the openings 65a, 65b are formed as a dimensionally stable plastic cylinder. It is on the one hand conceivable that in each case a bag 64a, 64b in a corresponding Chamber of the cartridge 1 is positioned, but it is also possible to form a connected via a web 66 multi-chamber bag, which is used as a whole in the cartridge. After inserting the bag 64 into the cartridge 1, it is detachably closed by the cartridge head 10. It is particularly advantageous to prevent unwanted loss of the cartridge head 10, to fix this example, by means of a material bridge pivotally mounted on the cartridge 1.

In FIG. 14 is an evolution of the FIG. 8 to FIG. 12 known cartridges, in which a further chamber 45 is arranged on the cartridge for receiving a preparation and is configured in such a way that a release of volatile substances from the preparation into the environment of the chamber 45 is effected. In the chamber 45 may be, for example, volatile perfume or air freshening substances, which are discharged through the openings 46 of the chamber 45 to the environment.

It can also be seen that the openings 5a, 5b are closed by silicone valves which have an x-shaped slot. This prevents that upon release of the cartridge 1 from the dosing device 1, 40 preparation from the decoupled cartridge 1 exits.

FIG. 17 shows a cartridge 1 with individually interchangeable chambers 3a, 3b, 3c in the plan. The chambers 3a, 3b, 3c are formed by mutually corresponding contours of their lateral surfaces so that they can be assembled to form a cartridge 1 only in a specific, defined arrangement to each other. This makes it possible, in particular, to provide individually exchangeable chambers without any undesired arrangement of the chambers and their corresponding preparations with respect to one another.

FIG. 16 shows a further possible embodiment of the cartridge 1 with three chambers 3a, 3b, 3c. The first chamber 3a and the second chamber 3b have an approximately equal filling volume. The third chamber 3c has a filling volume about 5 times that of one of the chambers 3a or 3b. The cartridge base 4 has a ramp-like shoulder in the region of the third chamber 3c. This asymmetrical design of the cartridge 1 can ensure that the cartridge 1 can be coupled with the dosing device 2 in a position provided for this purpose and that insertion into a wrong position is prevented by a corresponding configuration of the dosing device 2 or the console 54.

In the supervision of the cartridge, which in FIG. 17 is shown, the dividers 9a and 9b can be seen, which separate the chambers of the cartridge 1 from each other. From FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 known cartridge can be formed in different ways.

In a first variant, the FIG. 18 it can be seen, the cartridge 1 is formed from a first tub-like cartridge element 7 and a second, cover- or plate-like cartridge element 6. In the trough-like cartridge element 7, the separating webs 9a and 9b are formed, through which the three chambers of the cartridge 1 are formed. At the bottom 4 of the trough-shaped cartridge element 7, the outlet openings 5a, 5b, 5c are respectively arranged below the chambers of the cartridge 1.

Again FIG. 18 can be seen further, the bottom 4 of the cartridge in the region of the third chamber 3c on a ramp-like heel, which forms a slope in the direction of the third outlet opening 5c at the bottom of the chamber. This ensures that the preparation located in this chamber 3c is always directed in the direction of the outlet opening 5c, thus achieving a good emptying of the chamber 3c.

In the assembled state of the cartridge 1, the trough-shaped cartridge element 7 and the cover-like cartridge element 6 along the common connecting edge 8 are materially interconnected. This can be realized for example by welding or gluing. Of course, in the assembled state of the cartridge 1, the webs 9a, 9b are also firmly bonded to the cartridge element 6.

In this case, the connecting edge 8 does not run through the outlet openings 5a-c, as a result of which leakage problems, in particular in the state coupled to the dosing device, are avoided in the region of the openings 5a-c.

Another variant for the formation of the cartridge shows FIG. 19 , Here, the first cartridge element 6 is formed cup-like and has an open bottom. The separately formed bottom 4 can be used as a second cartridge element 7 in the bottom-side opening of the cup-like cartridge element 6 and connected cohesively along the common connecting edge 8. Advantage of this variant is that the cup-like element 6 is produced inexpensively by a plastic blow molding process.

FIG. 22 shows a further embodiment of the cartridge 1 and the dosing device 2 in the uncoupled state. The cartridge 1 off FIG. 21 is determined by the FIG. 22 explained in more detail.

FIG. 22 shows the off FIG. 21 known cartridge 1 a perspective view. At the cartridge bottom 4 are alternately outlet openings 5 and ventilation openings 81 arranged. For each of the chambers in the cartridge 1, an outlet opening 5 and a ventilation opening 81 are respectively provided. The width (B) is substantially greater than the depth (T) of the cartridge 1. The ratio of the depth (T) to the width (B) of the cartridge 1 is approximately 1:20.

The area of the cartridge bottom 4, on which the outlet and ventilation openings are arranged, is enclosed by a circumferential collar 99 (see also FIG FIG. 23 ). This collar 99, on the one hand, effects a structural reinforcement of the cartridge 1 in the bottom region, which prevents deformation in the bottom region 4, in particular when inserting the cartridge 1, when corresponding pressure forces for coupling the cartridge 1 with the dosing device 2 act on the bottom region 4 a controlled and safe insertion of the cartridge 1 in the metering device 2 is made possible.

Furthermore, the collar 99 provides protection against undesirable mechanical effects on the closures of the outlet and ventilation openings. How out FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 it can be seen, the outlet and ventilation openings 5, 81 are set back relative to the collar 99, so that the openings 5.81 are protected, for example, from the direct action of objects which are larger than the openings.

How out FIG. 23 Furthermore, the outlet and ventilation openings 5, 81 each have a collar 100. This collar 100 enclosing the outlet and ventilation openings 5, 81 also serves to structurally strengthen the outlet and ventilation openings 5, 81 in the bottom region 4 of the cartridge 1. Furthermore, the collar 100 can serve as a fastening for closure means of the outlet and ventilation openings 5, 81 For example, for sealing plugs or closure lid.

The collar 100 of one of the outlet and vent openings 5, 81 is set back relative to the collar 99, so that the collar 100 does not protrude beyond the edge of the collar 99.

Of the FIG. 23 can also be seen that the cartridge 1 is formed asymmetrically with respect to its axis ZZ. As a result of this asymmetry, the cartridge 1 can be coupled with the dosing device 2 in only one defined manner, in particular with the inlet openings 21 of the dosing device 2. As a result, a mechanical key-lock principle between the cartridge 1 and metering device 2 is formed, which prevents incorrect operation when coupling the cartridge 1 to the metering device 2.

The asymmetry of the cartridge 1 is, inter alia, also effected by the bottom 4 having two levels, the first level being formed by the collar 99 enclosing the outlet and vent openings 5, 81 and the second level being a bottom portion which extends over a ramp 104 is offset toward the cartridge head 10, which is good for example in FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 can be seen.

Starting from the ramp 104, a further collar 105, which has an opening 106, extends from the bottom section of the second plane. The opening 106 forms with a corresponding engagement of the dosing device 2 a releasable latching connection for securing the coupling state of the cartridge 1 with the dosing device 2.

In FIG. 23 Furthermore, a peripheral edge 101 in the lower, bottom-side region of the cartridge 1 can be seen. From this edge 101 extends in the bottom direction, a circumferential wall portion 102 of the cartridge 1, which is set back to the interior of the cartridge 1, so that between the edge 101 and wall portion 102, a to the interior of the cartridge extending shoulder is formed.

The dosing device 2 is designed such that the circumferential wall section 102 can be inserted into the collar 103 of the dosing device 2 (see also FIG Figure 28-29 ), wherein in the coupling position of the cartridge 1 and metering device 2, the edge 101 of the cartridge rests on the collar 103 of the metering device, so that the space enclosed by the collar 103 of the metering device 2 is at least protected from splash water entry. The collar 103 of the dosing device 2 and the edge 101 of the cartridge can in particular also be configured so that in the coupling state of the cartridge 1 and dosing device 2 an entry of water into the space enclosed by the collar 103 of the dosing device by a substantially dense resting of the edge 101st is prevented on the collar 103.

Furthermore, the inwardly offset wall portion 102 of the cartridge in conjunction with the Dosiergerätesigen collar 103 causes a guide of the cartridge 1 when inserted into the dosing device second

The cartridge 1 is formed from two elements which are welded together in a form-fitting manner at the peripheral connecting edge 8. FIG. 24 shows the off FIG. 23 known cartridge 1 with a along the connecting edge 8 remote, cover-like element, so that one FIG. 24 can see an insight into the interior of the cartridge 1.

It can be seen that the cartridge 1 is subdivided into three chambers by the two separating webs 9a, 9b, each of the chambers having an outlet opening 5 in the direction of gravity on the bottom side.

At the bottom end of the dividers 9 ventilation chambers 86 are arranged, the inside of the cartridge enclose the ventilation openings 81. On the one hand, the ventilation chambers 86 serve to structurally reinforce the cartridge bottom 4 in the area of the ventilation openings 81, so that deformation during coupling of the cartridge 1 to the dosing device 2 is prevented, and, on the other hand, the connection between the ventilation openings 81 and the ventilation channels 82 the Figures 24-26 can be seen the ventilation chambers 86 formed cuboid. The ventilation chambers 86 are communicatively connected to the ventilation channel 82 (not the Fig. 24-26 removable).

FIG. 26 shows the cartridge 1 and the metering device in the coupled state in a cross-sectional view. It can be seen that the mandrel-like inlets 21, in the coupled state of dosing device 2 and cartridge 1 protrude into the interior of the cartridge chambers 3 and the aeration chambers 86, wherein in particular the spike-like inlets 21 of the dosing device 2 form a liquid-tight connection with the outlet openings 5 of the cartridge , so that preparation from the chambers 3 can only get into the dosing device 2 through the interior of the thorn-like shaped inlets 21. How well off the FIG. 26 can be seen, are the outlet openings 5a-c and the ventilation openings 81 ac on a line, each outlet opening 5a-c is associated with a corresponding ventilation opening 81a-c.

In FIG. 27 the formation of a ventilation channel by joining two cartridge elements 6,7 is shown schematically. In the upper part of the FIG. 27 the two cartridge elements 6,7 are shown in the separated state. The cartridge element 7 is plate-like, with two spaced-apart webs 84, 85 extending perpendicularly from the cartridge element 7. The webs 84,85 are configured so that they can comprise a formed on the cartridge element 6 web 9, which in the lower part of the FIG. 27 can be seen. The fit is chosen so that the inner sides of the webs 84,85 touch the web 9 lightly. The two webs 84,85 and the web 9 form the ventilation channel 81 in the assembled state of the cartridge elements 6,7. It is particularly advantageous to connect the ends of the webs 84, 85 to the web 9 in a material-locking manner, in particular by welding. The mirror and / or laser welding has proven to be particularly advantageous.

In FIG. 28 the metering device 2 and the cartridge 1 is shown in the uncoupled state. It can be seen the recess 97 in the cartridge 1 below the outer chamber 3a. The indentation 97 is approximately semicircular in shape and has a shoulder 94 at its bottom end. The indentation 97 and the shoulder 94 are configured such that the shoulder 94 can be introduced into a recess 98 of the dosing device 2 by a pivotal movement of the cartridge 1 when coupling the cartridge 1 with the dosing device 2. This is exemplary in FIG. 29 shown. Due to the detachable connection between the dosing device side recess 98 and the cartridge side shoulder 94, the cartridge 1 is pivotally fixed during coupling of the cartridge 1 with the dosing device 2 by the indicated pivoting movement (arrow). It can be seen that when coupling by the pivoting movement about the connection of the recess 98 and shoulder 94 around, a sequential opening or coupling of the outlet openings 5a, 5b, 5c and ventilation openings 81 takes place. First, the first time coupling of cartridge 1 and dosing 2 by Thus pivoting a ventilation opening 81 ac open before the associated outlet opening 5a-c is pierced. After completion of the pivoting movement, the snap-in elements 95 and 96 on the cartridge 1 and the dosing device 2 secure the cartridge 1 in the coupling position. The snap-in elements 95, 96 are designed so that the locking by the user is releasable, for example by squeezing the clip-like snap-in element 96 and by a pivoting movement about the connection between recess 98 and shoulder 94 cartridge 1 and dosing device 2 can be solved again from each other.

FIG. 30 shows a metering chamber 53 in which a transmitting unit 87 and a receiving unit 91 is integrated. Such a metering chamber 53 is also referred to as Kombidosiergerät. The dosing chamber 53 has a receptacle for a dishwashing agent which can be closed by a hinged closure lid. FIG. 31 shows the closure lid in its open position. In addition, the metering chamber 53 may still have a receptacle for a rinse aid, which by the circular closure to the right of the cap in the FIGS. 30 and 31 is indicated.

The transmission unit 87 comprises a luminous means, which is arranged in the transmission unit 87 such that the luminous means radiates into the interior of the dishwasher. The lighting means may in particular be an LED or a laser diode. The LED is arranged so that it protrudes from the plane of the transmission unit 87, so that the LED generates the largest possible radiation angle.

The transmission unit 87 can be configured such that the LED both for transmitting signals inside the dishwasher 38, in particular when the dishwasher door 39 is closed, and for visually displaying an operating state, for example, the level of the salt or rinse aid storage container of a dishwasher, in particular at open Dishwasher door 39 is provided.

The receiving unit 91 preferably consists of a photodiode, which is suitable for detecting light signals from the interior of the dishwasher. Like the transmitting unit 87, the photodiode of the receiving unit 91 can protrude out of the plane of the receiving unit in order to achieve the best possible irradiation characteristic on the photodiode.

It is also possible that the metering chamber 53 has a receptacle 107, by means of which a movable metering system consisting of metering device 2 and cartridge 1 can be detachably or firmly coupled to the metering chamber 53. This is schematically in FIG. 32 shown.

The dosing chamber 53 is firmly integrated in a dishwashing machine door 39 in this embodiment variant. The dosing device 2 has a receiving unit 91 which is suitable for receiving signals from the transmitting unit 87 of the dosing chamber 53. Again Figure 32 (B) can be seen, lie in the coupled state of dosing and dosing 53, the dosing device side receiving unit 91 and the dosing chamber side transmitting unit 87 directly opposite, so the smallest possible distance between the transmitting unit 87 and receiving unit 91 is realized.

The receptacle 107 can form with the metering system, for example, a positive and / or non-positive releasable or fixed connection, for example a snap-locking connection.

As the transmitting unit 87 cooperates with a dosing device 2 arranged inside a dishwasher 38, in particular in a dish drawer, the following will be described with reference to FIG FIGS. 33-36 explained.

First, it will open FIG. 33 received. One recognizes a dishwasher 38 in a schematic cross-sectional view. Inside the dishwasher 38 are arranged one above the other, two dish drawers 41 a, 41 b for receiving dishes such as plates, cups, etc .. The dishwasher 38 has a pivoting door 39, the in FIG. 33 shown in the closed state. In the dishwasher door 39, a transmission unit 87 is integrated, which is coupled to the control of the dishwasher 38. Preferably, the transmitting unit 87 is in a Kombidosiergerät 53 according to the Figures 30-31 integrated.

The transmission unit 87 comprises an LED, which emits an optical signal 88, which is a carrier of control information, into the interior of the dishwasher 38. This signal and its direction are indicated by the arrow in FIG. 33 indicated. The broken line of the arrow indicates that the optical signals 88 emitted by the transmitting unit 87 are light pulses or light pulses.

In the lower dish drawer 41 b, the dosing device 2 is positioned with a cartridge 1. Of course, it is possible to arrange the dosing device 2 with the cartridge 1 at any suitable location of the lower or upper dish drawer 41, wherein in or on the dish drawer 41 provided plate receptacles for the arrangement of the dosing device 2 are to be preferred.

The dosing device 2 has a receiving unit 91 which is not in FIG. 33 is shown. The emitted by the transmitting unit 87 optical signals 88 are of the Receiving unit 91 of the dosing device 2 received and evaluated or converted by the control unit of the dosing device 2.

In particular, an optical signal 88 can be transmitted by the transmitting unit 87 at the beginning of a washing program such that, after receipt by the dosing device 2, the control of the dosing device 2, in particular the control of dosing times and amounts, passes to the control of the dishwasher 38. This is particularly advantageous if the control of the dosing device 2 has own dosing programs for a self-sufficient operation of the dishwasher 38, but they should not be performed in the detection of a corresponding signal 88 of an existing transmitting unit 87.

In FIG. 34 a situation is shown in which the dosing device 2 can not receive signals from the transmitting unit 87, since, for example, the dosing device 2 in the dish drawer 41 b of items (objects) 89 a, 89 b is surrounded so that a reception of signals 88 from and to the transmitting unit 87 is prevented. This can also be done, for example, by falling dishes in the course of a dishwashing program.

In this case of not receiving or tearing off the signals 88 on the dosing device 2, a dosing program from the control unit of the dosing device 2 is activated, so that the dosing device 2 is autonomously dosed by the control of the dishwasher 38 at least one preparation 40 during a wash program. This prevents that no preparation 40 is discharged during a wash program inside the dishwasher 38 and thus a poor cleaning performance is achieved by a signal break. This applies both to situations when starting a wash program and during a wash program.

To detect a signal break between the dosing device 2 and the transmitting unit 87, an additional monitoring signal 90 can be provided that is emitted at predefined, fixed time intervals by the transmitting unit 87, while the control signal 88 is transmitted at fixed time intervals or only when a control signal is transmitted directly. This is exemplary in FIG. 35 outlined. Since the transmitting unit 87 is usually operated via the mains connection of the dishwasher 38, the emission of a periodic monitoring signal 90 does not represent an unacceptable load on the energy source of the dosing device 2, since the monitoring signals 90 only have to be received and evaluated during a wash program.

Of course, it is also conceivable with sufficient dimensioning of the energy source of the dosing device 2 - as in FIG. 36 shown - that both monitoring signals 90 are sent as well as control signal 88 from the metering device 2 to a corresponding receiving unit 91 in the dishwasher 38.

In principle, it is also possible that the transmission and reception modes of control and monitoring signals 88,90 according to FIG. 35 and FIG. 36 overlay and / or run parallel. This means that a monitoring signal 90 is transmitted by the transmitting unit 87 and received by the dosing unit 2 and a control signal 88 is sent from the dosing unit to a receiving unit 91.

Another embodiment of the invention is in FIG. 37 displayed. FIG. 37 shows the dosing device 2 that has an optical transmitting and receiving unit 111. By means of the optical transmitting and receiving unit 111, control signals 88b can be sent to a dishwasher-side receiving unit 91 and control signals 88c can be received by a dishwasher-side transmitting unit 87. The dishwasher-side receiving unit 91 and dishwasher-side sending unit 87 are preferably in a Kombidosiergerät, as shown in the Figures 30-31 is shown arranged. Furthermore, optical signals 88a from the optical transmitting and receiving unit 111 can be coupled into the cartridge 1, in particular into the web 9 designed as an optical waveguide, and / or be decoupled from the cartridge 1 and received by the optical transmitting and receiving unit 111.

Figure 36 and Figure 37 show an actuator / closure element combination for a dosing device 2 of a previously described dosing system for flowable detergents or cleaning agents.

Shown is an actuator 18 and a closure element 19. It is provided that the closure element 19 is designed as open / close valve element that the actuator 18 is designed such that it controlled by a suitable pulse selectively determinable occupies one of two end positions and without triggering the end position reached stable holds-hold, and thus that the combination forms a pulse-controlled, bistable open / close valve.

In both drawings it can be seen that according to a correspondingly preferred embodiment, the actuator 18 is designed as a bistable solenoid with an armature 19 'receiving space 19 "and a surrounding outer receiving space 18'.

Especially Figure 37 shows a particularly expedient embodiment in such a way that the armature 19 'of the bistable solenoid forms the closure element 19 or is coupled to the latter. It can be seen here, the closure element 19 as a valve cone on lower end of the armature 19 '. The valve cone of the closure element 19 includes a cone-shaped valve seat 18 "at the bottom of the actuator 18. In Figure 37 can be seen on the right of the outlet 22 of the laterally seated next to the actuator 18 metering chamber 20, which is not shown here.

According to a particularly preferred teaching of the invention it is provided that the armature 19 'receiving space 19 "of the actuator 18 is liquid-tight and preferably also gas-tight separated from the outer receiving space 18' of the actuator 18. This ensures that the essential, sensitive components of the Actuator 18 be-find in the dry area, so can not come into contact because of this sealing the rooms with the flowable detergent or cleaning agent.

For the anchor 19 'itself measures should also be taken to make him, at least his metallic constituents, with the flowable detergent or cleaning agent does not come into contact. In particular, according to the invention, it is provided that at least the outer surface of the armature 19 'consists of a material which can not be attacked by the washing or cleaning agent to be metered, in particular of a plastic material.

Figure 36 1 shows a first coil 58 and a second coil 59 with a permanent magnet 57 arranged between the coils 58, 59. In the annular coils 58, 59 and the annular permanent magnet 57, the closure element 19 is accommodated as a plunger core. By magnetic inference between the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 57 and the magnetizable closure member 19, a holding force is generated, whereby the closure member 19 is fixable in a position which is defined by the holding points 60, 61.

The closure element 19 can be moved by pulsed energization of the coils 58, 59 to the holding points 60 and 61 by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 57, an electrically generated magnetic field in each case one of the coils 58, 59 is superimposed with a corresponding polarization. For example, if the coil 58 is energized, so a demolition of the magnetic yoke between the permanent magnet 57 and the closure member 19 is effected, so that subsequently the closure member 19 is moved in the magnetic field of the coil 58 from the breakpoint 60 to the breakpoint 61, which is shown in the lower figure of the Figure 36 evident. If a corresponding pulse-like energization of the coil 59 is effected, then the closure element 19 moves from the breakpoint 61 back to the starting position of the breakpoint 60.

The further, in Figure 37 illustrated and preferred embodiment shows a somewhat different construction, wherein it is provided that in the armature 19 'at its axial ends permanent magnets 57', 57 "are arranged axially antipolar and that in the outer receiving space 18 'at both axial ends yoke rings 57'" from a ferromagnetic material, in particular of iron, and between these a coil winding 58 are arranged. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the north pole is positioned axially on the outside, the south pole on the inside, and the arrangement can be exactly the other way round Fig. 31a shown passage position achieved, this position of the actuator 18 is stable in itself, without the coil winding 58 is energized. Batterieschonend energization of the coil winding 58 takes place only when a switching operation is to take place. This increases the life of the power source 15 quite considerably.

The overall executed in plastic anchor 19 ', in which the permanent magnets 57', 57 "are embedded, is permanently resistant to the usual detergents and cleaners.

The coil winding 58 and the yoke rings 57 "'are located in the outer receiving space 18' and are therefore arranged in the dry area.

If the coil winding 58 is energized with the correct current flow direction, the actuator 18 is switched over, namely a pulse-like displacement of the armature 19 'into its other end position (breakpoint 60 above, breakpoint 61 at the bottom in FIG Figure 37 ).

Unlike in Figure 37 4, the permanent magnets 57 can be arranged together with the coil winding 58 on the outside, and then the yoke rings 57 "or other yoke components can be embedded in the plastic material embedded in the armature 19. It is essential that the magnetic circuit is closed in each case.

Hereinafter, the operation of the metering chamber 20 based on the Figures 40-43 explained in more detail. FIG. 40 shows the metering device 2 in the coupled state with the cartridge 40. The preparation 40 can flow via the metering chamber inlet 21 from the cartridge 1 into the metering chamber 20. The metering chamber 20 is formed in cross-section L-shaped, wherein above the short leg of the L-shaped metering chamber 20 of the bi-stable solenoid valve formed actuator 18 is positioned. The closure member 19 closes in the closed position of the metering device 2 Dosierkammerauslass 22. The L-shaped metering chamber 20 is divided by the aperture 93 into two sections, wherein - as from the Figures 40-43 clearly visible - the lower portion has a substantially horizontal course, and the upper portion has a substantially vertical course. Within the upper, vertical portion of the metering chamber 20, ie in the direction of gravity above the orifice 93, the float 92 is arranged, whose density is lower than the density of the formulation 40, with the metering chamber 20 is filled, whereby the float 92 experiences a buoyancy force against the direction of gravity, which is indicated by the arrow in FIG Figure 40 is indicated.

The float body 92 is not designed as a closure member, but as a targeted throttle, which minimizes the slip between Dosierkammereinlass 21 and Dosierkammerauslass 22 when opening the closure member 19 and thus determines the dosing accuracy. The float is configured such that it does not lie tightly in its end positions at the metering chamber inlet 21 and aperture 93 or rests, but also in the end positions, a circulation and / or flow through the float 92 is made possible.

The floating body 92 and the metering chamber 20 are formed in such a way that preparation 40 the float 92 in the metering chamber 20 and / or can flow through.

If now the closure element 19 is brought by the actuator 18 in a dispensing position ( Figure 41 ), so that the Dosierkammerauslass 22 is opened and preparation 40 is discharged into the environment, which is indicated by the arrow, the float 92 moves with the effluent from the dosing 20 preparation 40 in the flow direction of the preparation 40 in the direction of aperture 93, to the float 92 finally rests on the panel 93, which is in Figure 42 is shown.

Will, as in Figure 43 shown, the shutter member 19 is moved by the actuator 18 back into its closed position and the fluid flow of the preparation in the direction of Dosierkammerauslasses 22 stops, moves the float 92 due to its buoyancy in the preparation 40 against the direction of gravity in the metering chamber 20 in the direction of Dosierkammereinlasses 21 to the in Figure 40 shown starting position is reached again.

In the FIGS. 44 to 51 In the following, various fastening and securing options for the inventive canister system in a dish drawer 41 of a dishwasher 38 are explained in more detail.

FIG. 44 shows the coupled with a cartridge 1 dosing device 2 in the plate receptacle 110 of a dish drawer 41. The usually grid-like trained dish drawer 41 has struts 109 into which the fixing means 108 of the dosing device 2 engage. In this way, a lateral slipping of the dosing device 2, for example, when pulling out or pushing the dish drawer 41 into the dishwasher 38, avoided. FIG. 45 shows a possible embodiment of the dosing device 2, wherein the fixing means 108th are formed as arcuate depressions on the bottom of the dosing device 2. It is also conceivable that the fixing means 108 engage in the struts of the plate receptacle 110 or at least partially enclose them in order to prevent a securing against lateral slippage. This is in FIG. 46 shown where the fixing means 108 are formed as channel-like depressions on the front and / or rear wall of the dosing device 2.

Furthermore, it is possible to form the fixing means 108 as protruding from the bottom plane of the dosing device 2 webs, which in FIG. 47 is shown. It is also conceivable for the metering chamber outlets 22 of the metering device to protrude from the bottom plane of the metering device 2 in order to form the fixing means 108.

The bottom-side contour of the dosing device 2 can according to FIG. 49 also be formed V-shaped, so that the tip of the V-shaped dosing device 2 can engage between two adjacent dish drawer struts 109 and so forms the fixing means 108 against lateral slipping.

Another embodiment of a fixative shows FIG. 50 , The bottom-side contour of the dosing device 2 has sawtooth-like depressions into which the struts 109 of a dish drawer 41 can engage and so a fixing means 108 are formed against lateral slipping of the dosing device 2 in the dish drawer 41.

It is also conceivable to design the bottom-side contour of the dosing device 2 to form fixing elements 108 in a wave-like manner, which is described in US Pat FIG. 51 is shown.

FIG. 52 shows an exploded view of the essential components of the dosing system consisting of cartridge 1 and dosing. 2

Again FIG. 52 can be seen, the cartridge 1 is composed of two cartridge elements 6,7, which already out FIG. 20 are known. The dosing device 2 consists essentially of a component carrier 23 and a bracket 54 into which the component carrier 23 can be inserted. The bracket 54 encloses the component carrier 23 in the assembled state, preferably in such a way that penetration of water into the component carrier 23 is prevented.

FIG. 53 shows a side view of an embodiment of the component carrier 23 of the metering device 2, which will be explained in more detail below.

On the component carrier 23, the metering chamber 20, the actuator 18 and the closure element 19 and the power source 15, the control unit 16 and the sensor unit 17 arranged. The metering chamber 20, the predosing chamber 26, the metering chamber inlet 21 and the receptacle 29 are formed integrally with the component carrier 23.

Again FIG. 53 can be seen, the power source 15, the control unit 16 and the sensor unit 17 are combined in an assembly by being arranged on a corresponding board.

As shown in FIG. 54, the predosing chamber 26 and the actuator 18 are arranged substantially next to one another on the component carrier 23. The predosing chamber 26 has an L-shaped basic shape with a shoulder in the lower region in which the receptacle 29 for the actuator 18 is embedded. Below the pre-metering chamber 26 and the actuator 18, the outlet chamber 27 is arranged. The pre-metering chamber 26 and the discharge chamber 27 together form the metering chamber 20.

The pre-metering chamber 26 and the outlet chamber 27 are connected to each other through the opening 34. The receptacle 29, the opening 34 and the Dosierkammerauslass 22 lie on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the component carrier 23 escape, so that the rod-shaped closure element 19 can be passed through the openings 22,29,34.

As shown particularly in FIG. 55, the back walls of the pre-metering chamber 26 and the discharge chamber 27 are formed integrally with the component carrier 23. The front wall can then be connected to the metering chamber 20 in a material-tight manner, for example by a cover element or a film (not shown).

The embodiment of the dosing chamber 20 will be explained in more detail below with reference to the detail view of FIG. One recognizes the outlet chamber 27, which has a bottom 62. The bottom 62 is inclined in a funnel-like manner toward the metering chamber outlet 22 arranged centrally in the outlet chamber 27. The Dosierkammerauslass 22 is located in a channel 63 which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the component carrier 23 in the outlet chamber 27. The funnel-shaped bottom 62 and the channel 63 and the outlet opening 22 arranged therein ensure at a deviating from the horizontal position of the dosing metering and almost complete emptying of preparation from the dosing 20. Further, the preparation flows through the corresponding funnel-shaped bottom design faster , Especially in higher-viscosity preparations, from the metering chamber, so that the metering interval in the preparation is released, can be kept short.

In the figure 54, only the middle metering chamber 20 is provided with a funnel-shaped bottom design of the type described above. It is understood that, in deviation from this illustration, other, further or all metering chambers can have such a shape. This also applies to the pre-metering chambers 26 and outlet chambers 27, insofar as these are provided.

The arrangement of the actuator 18, the closure element 19 and the seal 36 on the component carrier 23 will be explained in greater detail on the basis of the exploded illustration in FIG. The figure shows a component carrier 23 with three metering chambers 20 arranged next to one another. In the metering chamber on the far right, the actuator 18c, the closure element 19c and the seal 36c are shown on the component carrier 23 in the assembled state. In the middle metering chamber, the seal 36b and the closure element 19b are shown in the assembled state in the metering chamber, while the actuator 18b is detached from the closure element 19b. Above the left metering chamber 20a, both the seal 36a, the closure element 19a and the actuator 18a are shown in an exploded view.

Integral with the component carrier 23, the metering chamber 20, the predosing chamber 26, the Dosierkammereinlass 21 and the receptacle 29 for the actuator 18 is formed. The pre-metering chamber 26 is arranged in an L-shaped manner above the metering chamber 20, the receptacle for the actuator 18 being arranged on the leg of the predosing chamber running parallel to the bottom of the component carrier 23. The metering chamber 20 and the predosing chamber 26 are connected to each other through the opening 34. The receptacle 29, the opening 34 and the Dosierkammerauslass 22 lie on an axis which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the component carrier 23.

The seal 36 has a substantially hollow cylinder-like space shape with a closed by a plate-like tail head. The elastic seal 36 can be arranged in the metering chamber 20 in such a way that the plate-like end piece presses against the opening 34 on the inside against the metering chamber outlet 22 and with the side of the seal 36 facing away from the plate-like end piece. The cylindrical closure element 19 is formed with its first end such that it engages in the hollow-cylindrical seal 36 and there material, force and / or positively fixed. The closure element 19 is dimensioned in such a way that it can be passed through the opening 34 and the opening of the receptacle 29, but strikes the Dosierkammerauslass 22 so that the closure member 19 can not slip down out of the component carrier 23.

The closure element 19 protrudes with one end out of the receptacle 29. This end is plugged into the actuator 18 designed as a bistable electromagnet and acts as an anchor.

Claims (5)

1. A dispensing system (1, 2) for positioning in the interior of a dishwasher by a user, comprising

   • at least one cartridge (1) for flowable washing or cleaning agents having a plurality of chambers (3a, 3b, 3c) for the spatially separate accommodation of in each case different preparations of a washing or cleaning agent, as well as

   • a dispenser (2) that can be coupled to the cartridge (1) and comprising

   ∘ at least one power source (15), which is formed as a battery or rechargeable battery,

   ∘ a control unit (16),

   ∘ a sensor unit (17),

   ∘ at least one first interface which interacts with a corresponding interface, formed in or on a dishwasher, such that a transmission of signals and/or electric power from the dishwasher to the dispensing device is realized, whereby at least one interface in each case is formed on the dispensing device and dishwasher for transmitting light, which represents the operating state, measurement, and/or control information of the dispensing device and/or the dishwasher,

   characterized in that the dispensing device further comprises the following:

   ∘ at least one actuator (18), which is connected to the power source (15) and the control unit (16) such that a control signal of the control unit (16) brings about movement of the actuator (18),

   ∘ a closing element (19), which is coupled to the actuator (18) such that movement of the actuator (18) moves the closing element (19) into a closed or released position,

   ∘ at least one dispensing chamber (20), which in the assembled state of the cartridge (1) and dispensing device (2) is connected in a communicating manner to at least one of the cartridge chambers (3a, 3b, 3c),

   ▪ whereby the dispensing chamber (20) comprises an inlet (21) for the inflow of a washing or cleaning agent from a cartridge chamber (3a, 3b, 3c) and an outlet (22) for the outflow of a washing or cleaning agent out of the dispensing chamber (20) into the environment,

   ▪ whereby at least the outlet (22) of the dispensing chamber (20) can be closed or released by the closing element (19), and

   whereby

   ∘ the interfaces are configured to send out and/or receive optical signals in the range of a wavelength between 600 and 800 nm,

   ∘ that an optical signal is configured as a signal pulse or a sequence of signal pulses with a pulse duration between 1 ms and 10 seconds, preferably between 5 ms and 100 ms seconds.
2. The dispensing system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator-closure combination is formed in the manner that the closure element (19) is formed as an open/close valve element, that the actuator (18) is configured such that, driven by a suitable pulse, it assumes one of two end positions, determinable as desired, and when not driven stably maintains the reached end position, and that the combination thereby forms a pulse-controlled, bistable open/close valve.
3. The dispensing system according to one of preceding claims, characterized in that at least one sensor unit (17) is disposed on the bottom of the dispensing device (2).
4. A combination dispensing device for use in conjunction with a dispensing system according to claim 1, whereby the combination dispensing device (53) is connected non-detachably to the dishwasher, whereby the combination dispensing device (53) comprises at least one transmitting unit (87) and/or at least one receiving unit (91) for the wireless transmission of signals into the interior of the dishwasher or for the wireless receiving of signals from the interior of the dishwasher, whereby the transmitting unit (87) and/or receiving unit (91) is configured to transmit or receive optical signals, characterized in that the transmitting unit (87) and/or receiving unit (91) is configured to transmit or receive optical signals in the wavelength range of 600 to 800 nm, and that an optical signal is configured as a signal pulse or as a sequence of signal pulses with a pulse duration between 1 ms and 10 seconds, preferably between 5 ms and 100 ms seconds.
5. A dishwasher, characterized in that it comprises a combination dispensing device (53) according to claim 4 and/or a dispensing system according to one of claims 1 to 3.

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