EP2299892B1 - Connectable dosing device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a dosing system which can be coupled to a water-conducting device for dispensing a plurality of preparations for use in water-conducting appliances, in particular water-conducting domestic appliances such as, for example, dishwashers, washing machines, tumble dryers or automatic surface cleaning systems.

State of the art

Dishwashing detergents are available to the consumer in a variety of forms. In addition to the traditional liquid hand dishwashing detergents, machine dishwashing detergents are particularly important with the spread of household dishwashers. These automatic dishwashing agents are typically offered to the consumer in solid form, for example as powders or as tablets, but increasingly also in liquid form. For some time now, the main focus has been on the convenient dosing of detergents and cleaning agents and the simplification of the steps necessary to carry out a washing or cleaning process.

Further, one of the major goals of the machine-tool manufacturers is to improve the cleaning performance of these agents, with a recent focus on the cleaning performance of low-temperature cleaning cycles and reduced-water consumption cleaning cycles. For this purpose, the cleaning agents were preferably added to new ingredients, for example, more effective surfactants, polymers, enzymes or bleach. However, since new ingredients are available only to a limited extent and the amount of ingredients used for each cleaning cycle can not be increased to any extent for ecological and economic reasons, this approach has natural limits.

In this context, in particular, devices for the multiple dosing of detergents and cleaners have recently come into the field of vision of the product developers. In these devices, it is possible to distinguish between dosing chambers integrated in the dishwasher or textile washing machine on the one hand and independent devices which are independent of the dishwasher or textile washing machine on the other hand. By means of these devices, which contain the multiple of the amount of detergent necessary for carrying out a cleaning process, detergent or cleaner portions are automatically or semi-automatically Sampled in the course of several successive cleaning process in the interior of the cleaning machine. For the consumer eliminates the need for manual dosing with each cleaning or washing cycle. Examples of such devices are disclosed in the European patent application EP 1 759 624 A2 (Reckitt Benckiser ) or in the German patent application DE 53 5005 062 479 A1 (BSH Bosch and Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH). Further dosing systems are off WO 02/29150 A1 and DE 10 2006 043916 A1 known. document WO 02/29150 A1 discloses a metering system for positioning in the interior of a dishwasher, comprising at least one cartridge for flowable washing or cleaning agent having a plurality of chambers for spatially separated receiving each different preparations of a detergent or detergent, as well as with the cartridge detachable metering device comprising at least one energy source a control unit, and a sensor unit, wherein the metering is performed by a pump which is connected to the power source and the control unit in such a way that a control signal of the control unit causes a movement of the pump. wherein the dosing device comprises at least one first interface, which cooperates with a corresponding interface formed in or on a dishwasher in such a way that a transmission of light signals from the dishwasher to the dosing device is realized. Autonomous dosing systems for dishwashers are known in the art, which have a mechanical energy storage, which are formed for example by the combination of bimetals, shape memory alloys and / or springs, or electrical energy storage in the form of batteries or accumulators.
Although an electric power source for a self-sufficient metering system is to be preferred, in particular due to the use of electrical control systems and the associated accurate and simple control of the metering, however, such metering systems have the disadvantage of having the capacity of their battery or accumulator only a limited life ,

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a self-sufficient dosing with an electrical energy source, which has the longest possible life.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

A significant advantage is that can be realized by the metering system according to the invention a prolonged life of the metering, which is not limited for example by the capacity of a battery. Furthermore, it is possible to carry out the dosing system both as a self-contained and device-integrated dosing solution.

The metering system according to the invention consists of the basic components of a cartridge filled with preparation and a metering device which can be coupled with the cartridge, which in turn is formed from further assemblies such as component carrier, actuator, closure element, sensor, energy source and / or control unit.

It is preferred that the metering system according to the invention is mobile. Movable in the sense of this application means that the metering system is not permanently connected to a water-bearing device such as a dishwasher, washing machine, laundry dryer or the like, but for example a dishwasher can be removed by the user or positioned in a dishwasher, so is independently handled, is

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is also conceivable that the dosing device for the user is not detachably connected to a water-carrying device such as a dishwasher, washing machine, laundry dryer or the like and only the cartridge is movable.

In order to ensure operation at elevated temperatures, as occur, for example, in individual washing cycles of a dishwasher, the dosing system can be formed from materials which are dimensionally stable up to a temperature of 120.degree.

Since the preparations to be dosed may have a pH between 2 and 12, depending on the intended use, all components of the dosing system which come into contact with the preparations should have a corresponding acid and / or alkali resistance. Furthermore, these components should be largely chemically inert by a suitable choice of material, for example against nonionic surfactants, enzymes and / or fragrances.

cartridge

For the purposes of this application, a cartridge is understood to mean a packaging material which is suitable for enveloping or holding together at least one flowable, free-flowing or dispersible preparation and which can be coupled to a metering device for dispensing at least one preparation.

In the simplest, conceivable embodiment, the cartridge has a preferably rigid chamber for storing a preparation. In particular, a cartridge can also comprise a plurality of chambers which can be filled with mutually different compositions.

It is advantageous that the cartridge has at least one outlet opening, which is arranged such that a gravity-induced release of preparation from the cartridge in the position of use of the dosing device can be effected. As a result, no further funding for the release of preparation from the cartridge is required, whereby the structure of the metering device can be kept simple and the manufacturing cost low. Furthermore, the use of funding, such as pumps omitted, whereby the life of a battery or batteries of the dosing device can be increased.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one second chamber is provided for receiving at least one second flowable preparation, the second chamber having at least one outlet opening arranged such that a gravity-induced product release from the second chamber in the use position of the dosing is feasible. The arrangement of a second chamber is particularly advantageous if in the separate chambers of the cartridge preparations are stored, which are usually not stable to each other, such as bleaching agents and enzymes.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that more than two, in particular three to four chambers are provided in or on a cartridge. In particular, one of the chambers can be designed for the delivery of volatile preparations, such as a fragrance to the environment.

In or on a chamber, a metering chamber may be formed in a gravity-induced flow direction of the preparation in front of the outlet opening of a chamber. Through the metering chamber, the preparation amount that is to be released in the release of preparation from the chamber to the environment, set. This is particularly advantageous if the closure element of the dosing device, which causes the preparation output from a chamber to the environment, can only be put into a dispensing and a closure state without measuring or controlling the dispensing quantity. It is then ensured by the metering chamber that a predefined amount of preparation is released without an immediate feedback of the currently discharged, outflowing preparation amount.

The cartridge can take on any spatial form. It can for example be cube-shaped, spherical or plate-like.

To use the dispenser in dishwashers, it is particularly advantageous to mold the device based on dishes to be cleaned in dishwashers. So this example, plate-shaped, be formed in approximately the dimensions of a plate. As a result, the metering device can save space, e.g. be positioned in the lower basket of the dishwasher. Furthermore, the correct positioning of the dosing unit opens up to the user intuitively through the plate-like shape.

In the coupled state, the dosing device and the cartridge preferably have a ratio of height: width: depth of between 5: 5: 1 and 50: 50: 1, particularly preferably of about 10: 10: 1. It is due to the "slim" design of the dosing device and the cartridge In particular, it is possible to position the device in the lower cutlery basket of a dishwasher in the receptacles provided for plates. This has the advantage that the dispensed from the dosing preparations go directly into the wash liquor and can not adhere to other items to be washed.

Usually, commercial household dishwashers are designed in such a way that the arrangement of larger items to be washed, such as pans or large plates, is provided in the lower basket of the dishwasher. In order to avoid a non-optimal positioning of the metering consisting of the metering device and the coupled with the metering cartridge by the user in the upper basket, the metering system is dimensioned in an advantageous embodiment of the invention such that a positioning of the metering only in the appropriate receptacles of the lower basket is enabled. For this purpose, the width and the height of the metering system can be selected in particular between 150 mm and 300 mm, particularly preferably between 175 mm and 250 mm.

However, it is also conceivable to form the metering unit in cup shape or pot shape with a substantially circular or square base.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cartridge has an RFID tag that contains at least information about the contents of the cartridge and that can be read by a sensor unit, which may be provided in particular in the metering device or dishwasher.

This information can be used, for example, to select a dosing program stored in the dosing unit control unit. In this way it can be ensured that an optimal dosing program is always used for a particular preparation. It can also be provided that in the absence of an RFID tag or an RFID tag with a false or faulty identifier, no metering is done by the metering device and instead an optical or acoustic signal is generated that the user to the present Error indicates.

In order to prevent misuse of the cartridge, the cartridges may also have structural elements which cooperate with corresponding elements of the metering device according to the key-lock principle, so that, for example, only cartridges of a particular type can be coupled to the metering device. Furthermore, this configuration makes it possible for information about the cartridge coupled to the dosing device to be transmitted to the control unit of the dosing device, as a result of which control of the dosing device coordinated with the contents of the corresponding container can take place.

The cartridge is designed in particular for receiving flowable detergents or cleaning agents. Particularly preferably, such a cartridge has a plurality of chambers for the spatially separated receiving in each case of different preparations of a washing or cleaning agent. Exemplary - but not exhaustive - are listed below some possible combinations of filling the chambers with different preparations: Chamber 1 Chamber 2 Chamber 3 Chamber 4 A Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation - - B Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation rinse aid - C Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation rinse aid perfume D Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation rinse aid disinfecting preparation e Alkaline cleaning preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation rinse aid pretreatment preparation

It is particularly preferred that all preparations are flowable, as this ensures rapid dissolution of the preparations in the washing liquor of the dishwasher, whereby these preparations a rapid to immediate cleaning or rinsing, especially on the walls of the washing compartment and / or a Achieve light guide of the cartridge and / or the dosing device.

The cartridge usually has a total filling volume of <5,000 ml, in particular <1,000 ml, preferably <500 ml, more preferably <250 ml, most preferably <50 ml.

The chambers of a cartridge may have the same or different filling volumes. In a two-chamber configuration, the ratio of the chamber volumes is preferably 5: 1, in a three-chamber configuration, preferably 4: 1: 1, these configurations are particularly suitable for use in dishwashers.

As mentioned above, the cartridge preferably has three chambers. For the use of such a cartridge in a dishwasher, it is particularly preferred that one chamber contains an alkaline cleaning preparation, another chamber an enzymatic preparation and a third chamber a rinse aid, wherein the volume ratio of the chambers is approximately 4: 1: 1.

The chamber containing the alkaline cleaning preparation preferably has the largest filling volume of the existing chambers. Preferably, the chambers, which store an enzymatic preparation or a rinse aid, have approximately equal filling volumes.

In a two- and / or three-chamber design of the cartridge is in particular possible to stockpile in particular a perfume, disinfectant and / or Vorbehandlungszubereitung in a detachably arranged on the cartridge or the dosing, another chamber.

The cartridge comprises a cartridge bottom, which is directed in the position of use in the direction of gravity down and on which preferably at least one outlet opening arranged in the direction of gravity at the bottom is provided for each chamber. The outlet openings arranged on the bottom side are in particular designed such that at least one, preferably all, outlet openings can communicate with the inlet openings of the dosing device, ie preparation via the outlet openings from the cartridge into the dosing device, preferably gravitationally effected, can flow in.

It is also conceivable that one or more chambers have a not arranged in the direction of gravity bottom outlet opening. This is particularly advantageous if, for example, a fragrance is to be delivered to the environment of the cartridge.

The cartridge for coupling with a dosing device for dispensing at least one washing and / or cleaning agent preparation from the cartridge into the interior of a household appliance comprises in a preferred embodiment of the invention a light conductor arranged in or on the cartridge, into which a light signal can be coupled from outside the cartridge is. It is particularly preferred to couple a light signal that is emitted from the dosing device into the cartridge.

In particular, the light guide may be wholly or partly formed in or on the walls and / or webs of the cartridge. Furthermore, it is advantageous to form the light guide integrally in or on the walls and / or webs of the cartridge. Preferably, the Optical fiber made of a transparent plastic material. However, it is also possible to form the entire cartridge from a transparent material.

It is preferred that the light guide is capable of directing light in the visible range (380-780 nm). It is particularly preferable that the light guide is capable of directing light in the near infrared range (780nm-3,000nm). In particular, it is preferred that the light guide is suitable for guiding light in the mid-infrared range (3.0 μm-50 μm).

In particular, the light guide consists of a transparent plastic material with a high refractive index.

Advantageously, the light guide is at least partially completely or partially enclosed by a material having a lower optical refractive index. In particular, the lower refractive index material may be a preparation stored in a chamber of the cartridge.

Particularly advantageous are a ratio of the refractive indices of preparation and light guide of 1: 1.10 - 1: 5, preferably, 1: 1.15 - 1: 1.35, particularly preferably 1: 1.15 - 1: 1.20 , where the refractive index was determined in each case at a wavelength of 589 nm. The refractive index of the light guide can be determined, for example, according to DIN EN ISO 489. The refractive index of the preparation can be determined by means of an Abbe refractometer according to DIN 53491.

It is particularly advantageous that the preparation which completely or partially encloses the light guide has a transmittance of 45% -95%, particularly preferably 60% -90%, very particularly preferably 75% -85%. The light guide preferably has a transmittance of> 75%, very particularly preferably> 85%. The transmittance can be determined according to DIN5036.

It is further preferred that the wavelength of the light which is transmitted through the optical waveguide corresponds approximately to the wavelength of at least one preparation which at least partially surrounds the optical waveguide, which is not absorbed from the visible spectrum by the preparation. It is particularly preferable here that the wavelength of the light transmitted through the optical fiber and the wavelength not absorbed by the preparation is between 600-800 nm.

The light signal which can be coupled into the optical waveguide is in particular a carrier of information, in particular, for example, with respect to the operating state of the dosing device and / or the filling level of the cartridge.

In a preferred development of the invention, the light guide is designed in such a way that the light signal which can be coupled into the light guide can also be decoupled from the light guide.

In this case, it may be advantageous for the light guide to be configured in such a way that the light signal can be coupled out at a position of the cartridge which is different from the point in which the light signal can be coupled into the cartridge.

The coupling or decoupling of the light signal can be realized in particular on a prismatic edge of the cartridge.

It is particularly preferred to form the input or output points of the light signal in the corresponding injection molding tool by highly polished or hard chrome plated tool surfaces, so that the reflection property of the input or output point is low and the desired signal coupling is possible.

The distance of the light source arranged in the dosing device, in particular an LED, to the point of introduction of the light into the cartridge in the coupling state of the cartridge and dosing device should be kept as low as possible.

It is also advantageous that the light signal and the light guide are configured in such a way that a visible to a user light signal to and / or can be generated in the cartridge.

dosing

In the dosing device necessary for the operation control unit and at least one actuator are integrated. Preferably, a sensor unit and / or a power source is also arranged on or in the metering device.

Preferably, the dosing device consists of a splash-proof housing, that the penetration of water spray, as may occur, for example, when used in a dishwasher, in the interior of the dosing device by at least the control unit, sensor unit and / or actuator are arranged prevented.

It is particularly advantageous, in particular to shed the energy source, the control unit and the sensor unit in such a way that the metering device is substantially watertight, ie the metering device is able to function even when fully enclosed with liquid. As potting materials, for example, multicomponent epoxy, and acrylate potting agents such as methacrylate ester, urethane-metha and cyanoacrylates or Two-component materials can be used with polyurethanes, silicones, epoxy resins.

An alternative or supplement to the casting represents the encapsulation of the components in a suitably designed, moisture-proof housing. Such a configuration will be explained in more detail in the following place.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to arrange the components or assemblies on, on and / or in a component carrier in the dosing device, and this will also be explained elsewhere.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the material from which the dosing device is formed prevents or at least reduces the growth of a biofilm. For this purpose, it is possible to use corresponding surface structures of the material known from the prior art, and additives such as biocides. It is also conceivable areas of the dosing device endangered by microbial growth, in particular areas in which rinsing water may be present, are provided in part with a material which prevents or at least reduces the growth of a biofilm. In this case, for example, correspondingly effective films can be used.

It is particularly preferred that the dosing device comprises at least a first interface which cooperates in or on a household appliance, in particular a water-conducting household appliance, preferably a dishwasher or washing machine formed corresponding interface in such a way that a transmission of electrical energy and / or signals from Household appliance for dosing and / or from the dosing device to the household appliance is realized.

In one embodiment of the invention, the interfaces are formed by connectors. In a further embodiment, the interface cells can be designed in such a way that a wireless transmission of electrical energy and / or electrical and / or optical signals is effected.

In this case, it is particularly preferred that the interfaces provided for the transmission of electrical energy are inductive transmitters or receivers of electromagnetic waves. Thus, in particular, the interface of a water-conducting device, such as a dishwasher, can be designed as an alternating-current transmitter coil with iron core and the interface of the dosing device as a receiver coil with iron core.

In an alternative embodiment, the transmission of electrical energy can also be provided by means of an interface, the household appliance side, an electrically operated light source and dosiergeräteseitig a light sensor, such as a photodiode or a solar cell comprises. The light emitted by the light source is converted by the light sensor into electrical energy, which in turn feeds, for example, a metering device side accumulator.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, an interface on the dosing device and the water-conducting device, such as a dishwasher, for transmitting (ie transmitting and receiving) electromagnetic and / or optical signals, which in particular Betriebszustandands-, measuring and / or control information of the dosing and / or the water-bearing device such as a dishwasher.

Of course, it is possible to provide only an interface for transmitting signals or an interface for transmitting electrical energy, or to provide an interface for transmitting signals and an interface for transmitting electrical energy or to provide an interface which is suitable both for transmission of electrical energy and signals.

In particular, such an interface can be designed such that a wireless transmission of electrical energy and / or electromagnetic and / or optical signals is effected.

It is particularly preferred that the interface is configured to transmit and / or receive optical signals. It is very particularly preferred that the interface is configured to emit or receive light in the visible range. Since darkness usually prevails in the interior of the dishwasher during operation of a dishwasher, signals in the visible, optical region, for example in the form of signal pulses or light flashes, can be emitted and / or detected by the dosing device. It has proven particularly advantageous to use wavelengths between 600-800 nm in the visible spectrum.

Alternatively or additionally, it is advantageous that the interface is configured to emit or receive infrared signals. In particular, it is advantageous that the interface for transmitting or receiving infrared signals in the near infrared range (780nm-3,000nm) is configured.

In particular, the interface comprises at least one LED. Particularly preferably, the interface comprises at least two LEDs. It is also possible according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention to provide at least two LEDs which emit light in a mutually different wavelength. This makes it possible, for example, to define different signal bands on which information can be sent or received.

Furthermore, it is advantageous in a further development of the invention that at least one LED is an RGB LED whose wavelength is adjustable. For example, an LED can be used to define different signal bands that emit signals at different wavelengths. Thus, for example, it is also conceivable that light is emitted at a different wavelength during the drying process, during which there is a high level of atmospheric humidity (mist) in the washing compartment, than, for example, during a washing step.

The interface of the dosing device can be configured such that the LED is provided both for emitting signals inside the dishwasher, in particular when the dishwasher door is closed, and also for optically displaying an operating state of the dosing device, in particular when the dishwasher door is open.

It is particularly preferred that an optical signal is designed as a signal pulse with a pulse duration between 1 ms and 10 seconds, preferably between 5 ms and 100 ms seconds.

Further, it is advantageous that the interface of the dosing device is configured such that it emits an optical signal with the dishwasher closed and unloaded, that a mean illuminance E between 0.01 and 100 lux, preferably between 0.1 and 50 lux measured on the causes the Spülraum limiting walls. This illuminance is then sufficient to cause multiple reflections with or on the other Spülraumwänden and so possible signal shadows in the washing compartment, in particular in the loading condition of the dishwasher to reduce or prevent.

The signal transmitted and / or received by the interface is in particular a carrier of information, in particular a control signal or a signal representing an operating state of the dosing device and / or the dishwasher.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, the dosing device for dispensing at least one detergent and / or cleaning agent preparation from a cartridge into the Inside a household appliance, a light source by means of which a light signal can be coupled into a light guide of the cartridge. In particular, the light source may be an LED. This makes it possible, for example, light signals that represent, for example, the operating state of the dosing to couple from the dosing into the cartridge, so that they are visually perceptible to the cartridge by a user. This is particularly advantageous because the metering device in the position of use in the plate receptacle of a dish drawer in a dishwasher, can be visually obscured between other items to be washed. By coupling the light from the dosing into the cartridge, the corresponding light signals can for example be slid into the head of the cartridge, so that even if the dosing is positioned in the plate receptacle between other items to be washed, the light signals are visually perceptible by the user with proper loading of the dish drawer of the head-side portion of the dishes and the cartridge usually remains uncovered.

Furthermore, it is possible for the light signal coupled into the optical waveguide of the cartridge and passing through the optical waveguide to be detectable by a sensor located on the dosing device. This will be explained in more detail in a subsequent section.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the dosing device for dispensing at least one washing and / or cleaning agent preparation inside a household appliance comprises at least one optical transmitting unit, wherein the optical transmitting unit is configured in such a way that signals from the transmitting unit in a coupled with the dosing device Cartridge can be coupled and signals from the transmitting unit in the environment of the dosing device are radiated. In this way, both a signal transmission between the dosing device and, for example, a domestic appliance such as a dishwasher and the signal input into a cartridge can be realized by means of an optical transmitting unit.

In particular, the optical transmitting unit may be an LED, which preferably emits light in the visible and / or IR range. It is also conceivable to use another suitable optical transmitting unit, e.g. a laser diode, to use. It is particularly preferable to use optical transmission units which emit light in the wavelength range between 600-800 nm.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the dosing device may comprise at least one optical receiving unit. This makes it possible, for example, that the dosing device can receive signals from an optical transmission unit arranged in the household appliance. This can be realized by any suitable optical receiving unit, such as photocells, photomultipliers, semiconductor detectors, photodiodes, photoresistors, solar cells, phototransistors, CCD and / or CMOS image sensors.

It is particularly preferred that the optical receiving unit is suitable for receiving light in the wavelength range of 600-800 nm.

In particular, the optical receiving unit on the dosing device can also be configured such that the signals that can be coupled from the transmitting unit into a cartridge coupled to the dosing device can be decoupled from the cartridge and detected by the optical receiving unit of the dosing device.

The signals emitted by the transmitting unit into the surroundings of the metering device may preferably represent information regarding operating conditions or control commands.

component support

The dosing device comprises a component carrier on which at least the actuator and the closure element and the energy source and / or the control unit and / or the sensor unit and / or the dosing chamber are arranged.

The component carrier has receptacles for the said components and / or the components are formed integrally with the component carrier.

The receptacles for the components in the component carrier can be provided for a positive, positive and / or cohesive connection between a corresponding component and the corresponding receptacle.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that for easy disassembly of the components from the component carrier, the dosing chamber, the actuator, the closure element, the energy source, the control unit and / or the sensor unit are each detachably mounted on the component carrier.

It is also advantageous that the energy source, the control unit and the sensor unit are arranged in a module on or in the component carrier.
In an advantageous further development of the invention, the energy source, the control unit and the sensor unit are combined in an assembly. This can be realized, for example, in that the energy source, the control unit and the sensor unit are arranged on a common electrical printed circuit board.

By the component carrier a largely simple automatic assembly with the necessary components of the dosing device is possible. The component carrier can do so as a whole preferably prefabricated automatically and assembled into a dosing device.

The trough-like component carrier can be closed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention after the assembly liquid-tight from a, for example, cover-like closure element. The closure element may be formed, for example, as a film which is liquid-tight, materially connected to the component carrier and forms one or more liquid-tight chambers with the trough-like component carrier.

The closure element can also be a console, in which the component carrier can be inserted, wherein the console and the component carrier in the assembled state form the dosing device. The component carrier and the console in the assembled state cooperate in such a way that between the component carrier and the console, a liquid-tight connection is formed, so that no rinse water can get into the interior of the dosing device or the component carrier.

Furthermore, it is preferred that in the position of use of the metering device, the receptacle for the actuator on the component carrier in the direction of gravity is arranged above the metering chamber, whereby a compact design of the metering device can be realized. The compact design can be further optimized by the Dosierkammereinlass is arranged on the component carrier above the receptacle of the actuator in the position of use of the dosing device. It is also preferable for the components to be arranged on the component carrier substantially in a row relative to one another, in particular along the longitudinal axis of the component carrier.

In a further development of the invention, the receptacle for the actuator has an opening which is in line with the Dosierkammerauslass so that a closure element from the actuator through the opening and the Dosierkammerauslass can be moved back and forth.

It is particularly preferred that the component carrier is formed of a transparent material.

Advantageously, the component carrier comprises at least one optical waveguide, via which light from the environment of the dosing device can be directed to an optical transmitting and / or receiving unit into and / or out of the interior (s) of the dosing device or the component carrier, the optical waveguide in particular is formed integrally with the transparent component carrier.

Furthermore, it is therefore preferred that at least one opening is provided in the dosing device, by means of which light from the environment of the dosing device in and / or out of the optical waveguide can be coupled in and / or out.

actuator

For the purposes of this application, an actuator is a device which converts an input variable into a different output quantity and with which an object is moved or whose movement is generated, wherein the actuator is coupled to at least one shutter element, directly or indirectly releasing the preparation at least one cartridge chamber can be effected.

The actuator may be driven by drives selected from the group of gravity drives, ion drives, electric drives, motor drives, hydraulic drives, pneumatic drives, gear drives, threaded spindle drives, ball screws, linear drives, roller screws, auger drives, piezoelectric drives, chain drives, and / or recoil drives.

In particular, the actuator may be formed of an electric motor coupled to a transmission that converts the rotational movement of the motor into a linear motion of a carriage coupled to the transmission. This is particularly advantageous for a slim, plate-shaped design of the dosing unit.

At least one magnetic element can be arranged on the actuator, which causes a product discharge from the container with a magnet element with the same polarity on a dispenser as soon as the two magnetic elements are positioned against one another such that magnetic repulsion of the homopolar magnetic elements is effected and a non-contact release mechanism is realized.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuator is a bistable solenoid, which forms a pulse-controlled, bi-stable valve together with an engaging in the bistable solenoid, designed as a plunger core closure element. Bistable lifting magnets are electromechanical magnets with linear direction of movement, wherein the plunger locked in each end position without current.

Bistable lifting magnets or valves are known in the art. A bistable valve requires a pulse to change valve positions (open / closed) and then remains in that position until a counter pulse is sent to the valve. Therefore, one speaks of a pulse-controlled valve. A significant advantage of such pulse-controlled Valves is that they consume no energy to dwell in the valve end positions, the closed position and discharge position, but only need an energy pulse to change the valve positions, so that the valve end positions are considered to be stable. A bistable valve remains in that switching position, which last received a control signal.

By means of a current pulse, the closure element (plunger core) is moved to an end position. The power is switched off, the closing element holds the position. By current pulse, the closure element is moved to the other end position. The power is switched off, the closing element holds the position.

A bistable property of solenoids can be realized in different ways. First, a division of the coil is known. The coil is split more or less centrally so that a gap is created. In this gap, a permanent magnet is used. The plunger core itself is both the front and the back so turned off that he has in the respective end position a flat surface lying to the frame of the magnet. The magnetic field of the permanent magnet flows over this surface. The diving core is liable here. Alternatively, the use of two separate coils is possible. The principle is similar to the bistable solenoid with split coil. The difference is that they are actually two electrically different coils. These are controlled separately, depending on the direction in which the plunger is to be moved.

closure element

In the context of this application, a closure element is a component that acts on the actuator and that as a result of this action causes the opening or the closure of an outlet opening.

By way of example, the closure element can be valves which can be brought into a product delivery position or closure position by the actuator.

Particularly preferred is the embodiment of the closure element and the actuator in the form of a solenoid valve, wherein the dispenser are configured by the valve and the actuator by the electromagnetic or piezoelectric drive of the solenoid valve. In particular, when using a plurality of containers and thus to be dosed preparations, the amount and timing of the dosage can be controlled very accurately by the use of solenoid valves.

It is therefore advantageous to control the dispensing of preparations from each outlet opening of a chamber with a solenoid valve in that the solenoid valve directly or indirectly determines the release of preparation from the product discharge opening.

sensor

For the purposes of this application, a sensor is a measuring sensor or measuring sensor which can quantitatively record certain physical or chemical properties and / or the material quality of its environment qualitatively or as a measured variable.

The dosing unit preferably has at least one sensor which is suitable for detecting a temperature. The temperature sensor is designed in particular for detecting a water temperature.

It is further preferred that the dosing unit comprises a sensor for detecting the conductivity, whereby in particular the presence of water or the spraying of water, in particular in a dishwasher, is detected.

In a further development of the invention, the dosing unit has a sensor which can determine physical, chemical and / or mechanical parameters from the surroundings of the dosing unit. The sensor unit may comprise one or more active and / or passive sensors for the qualitative and / or quantitative detection of mechanical, electrical, physical and / or chemical variables, which are passed as control signals to the control unit.

In particular, the sensors of the sensor unit from the group of timers, temperature sensors, infrared sensors, brightness sensors, temperature sensors, motion sensors, strain sensors, speed sensors, proximity sensors, flow sensors, color sensors, gas sensors, vibration sensors, pressure sensors, conductivity sensors, turbidity sensors, Schallwechseleldrucksensoren, "Lab-on-a Chip sensors, force sensors, acceleration sensors, inclination sensors, pH sensors, humidity sensors, magnetic field sensors, RFID sensors, magnetic field sensors, Hall sensors, biochips, odor sensors, hydrogen sulfide sensors and / or MEMS sensors.

Particularly in the case of preparations whose viscosity varies greatly depending on the temperature, it is advantageous for volume or mass control of the metered preparations to provide flow sensors in the metering device. Suitable flow sensors can be selected from the group of orifice flow sensors, electromagnetic flowmeters, mass flow measurement according to the Coriolis method, vortex flow measurement method, Ultrasonic flow measurement method, variable area flow measurement, ring piston flow measurement, thermal mass flow measurement or differential pressure flow measurement be selected.

It is particularly preferred that at least two sensor units are provided for measuring mutually different parameters, wherein very particularly preferably a sensor unit is a conductivity sensor and a further sensor unit is a temperature sensor. Furthermore, it is preferred that at least one sensor unit is a brightness sensor.

The sensors are especially adapted to detect the beginning, the course and the end of a washing program. For this purpose, by way of example and not limitation, the sensor combinations listed in the following table can be used Sensor 1 Sensor 2 Sensor 3 Sensor 4 conductivity sensor temperature sensor conductivity sensor temperature sensor brightness sensor conductivity sensor temperature sensor brightness sensor turbidity sensor sound sensor temperature sensor

By means of the conductivity sensor can be detected, for example, whether the conductivity sensor is wetted by water, so that, for example. determine if there is water in the dishwasher.

Rinsing programs usually have a characteristic temperature profile, the u.a. is determined by the heating of the rinse water and the drying of the dishes, which can be detected by a temperature sensor.

By means of a brightness sensor, for example, the light penetration into the interior of a dishwasher can be detected when the dishwasher door is opened, resulting in e.g. indicates an end to the washing program.

In order to determine the degree of soiling of the items to be cleaned in the dishwasher, a turbidity sensor can also be provided. From this it is also possible, for example, to select a dosing program in the dosing device that applies to the determined contamination situation.

It is also conceivable to detect the course of a washing program by means of at least one sound sensor by detecting specific sound and / or vibration emissions, e.g. when pumping or pumping out of water, are detected.

Of course, it is possible for the skilled person to use any suitable combinations of several sensors to achieve a Spülprogrammüberwachung.

The data line between the sensor and the control unit can be realized via an electrically conductive cable or wirelessly. In principle, it is also conceivable that at least one sensor outside the dosing device is positioned or positionable in the interior of a dishwasher and a data line - in particular wireless - for transmitting the measured data from the sensor to the dosing device is formed.

A wirelessly formed data line is formed in particular by the transmission of electromagnetic waves or light. It is preferable to form a wireless data line according to standardized standards such as Bluetooth, IrDA, IEEE 802, GSM, UMTS, etc.

However, in order to enable efficient production and assembly of the dosing device, it is also possible for at least one sensor unit to be arranged on or in the control unit. For example, it is possible to provide a temperature sensor in the dosing device or directly on the board carrying the control unit, so that the temperature sensor has no direct contact with the surroundings.

control unit

A control unit in the sense of this application is a device which is suitable for influencing the transport of material, energy and / or information. For this purpose, the control unit influences actuators with the aid of information, in particular of measuring signals of the sensor unit, which processes them in the sense of the control target.

In particular, the control unit may be a programmable microprocessor. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of dosing programs is stored on the microprocessor, which are selectable and executable in a particularly preferred embodiment according to the container coupled to the dosing device.

The control unit has, in a preferred embodiment, no connection to the possibly existing control of the household appliance. There will be no Information, in particular electrical, optical or electromagnetic signals, exchanged directly between the control unit and the control of the household appliance.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the control unit is coupled to the existing control of the household appliance. Preferably, this coupling is wireless. For example, it is possible to position a transmitter on or in a dishwasher, preferably on or at the dosing chamber embedded in the door of the dishwasher, which wirelessly transmits a signal to the dosing unit when the control of the domestic appliance controls the dosing of, for example, a detergent from the dosing unit Dosing or rinse aid causes.

The control unit can store several programs for releasing different preparations or releasing products in different applications.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the call of the corresponding program can be effected by means of corresponding RFID labels or geometric information carriers formed on the container. Thus, it is possible, for example, to use the same control unit for a plurality of applications, for example for metering detergent in dishwashers, for dispensing perfumes in room fragrancing, for applying cleaning substances to a toilet bowl, etc.

For dosing preparations which are in particular prone to gelling, the control unit can be configured in such a way that on the one hand the dosing takes place in a sufficiently short time to ensure a good cleaning result and on the other hand the dosing of the preparation does not occur so quickly. This can be realized, for example, by an interval-like release, whereby the individual metering intervals are set in such a way that the corresponding metered amount dissolves completely during a cleaning cycle.

It is particularly preferred that the metering intervals for dispensing a preparation are between 30-90 seconds, particularly preferably 45-75 seconds.

The delivery of preparations from the dosing device can be done sequentially or simultaneously.

It is particularly preferred to dose a plurality of preparations sequentially in a rinsing program. In particular, the following metering sequences are to be preferred 1st dosage 2nd dosage 3.Dosierung 4.Dosierung Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid disinfecting preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid perfume pretreatment preparation Enzymatic cleaning preparation Alkaline cleaning preparation rinse aid

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the dishwasher and the dosing device work together in such a way that 1 mg to 1 g of surfactant are released in the final rinse program of the dishwasher per m ² Spülraumwandfläche. This ensures that the walls of the washing compartment retain their gloss even after a plurality of rinsing cycles and the dosing system retains its optical transmission capability.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for the dishwasher and the dosing device to interact in such a way that at least one enzyme-containing preparation and / or alkaline preparation is released in the pre-washing program and / or main washing program, with the release of the enzyme-containing preparation preferably taking place prior to release the alkaline preparation takes place.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the dishwasher and the dosing device work together in such a way that 0.1 mg-250 mg of enzyme protein is released in the pre-washing program and / or main wash program of the dishwasher per m ² of dishwashing area, whereby the gloss level of the dishwashing walls is further improved or even after a plurality of rinsing cycles is maintained.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, data such as e.g. Control and / or dosing of the control unit or stored by the control unit operating parameters or logs are read from the control unit or loaded into the control unit. This can be realized for example by means of an optical interface, wherein the optical interface is correspondingly connected to the control unit. The data to be transmitted are then coded and transmitted or received as light signals, in particular in the visible range, the wavelength range between 600-800 nm being preferred. However, it is also possible to use a present in the metering sensor for transmitting data from and / or to the control unit. For example, the contacts of a conductivity sensor, which are connected to the control unit and which provides a conductivity determination by means of a resistance measurement at the contacts of the conductivity sensor, can be used for data transmission.

By the control unit, in particular, a method for operating a dosing device not connected to a household appliance for dispensing at least one detergent and / or detergent preparation inside the household appliance may be formed, wherein at least one dosing program is stored in the control unit, and the control unit is at least an actuator located in the metering device cooperates in such a way that washing and / or cleaning agent preparation from the metering device inside the household appliance is releasable, the metering device comprises at least one receiving unit for signals emitted by at least one arranged in the household appliance transmitting unit and at least a part the signals in the dosing device-side control unit are converted into control commands for the actuators of the dosing device, the reception of the signals being monitored on the dosing device side by means of the control unit and not receiving the signals on the dosing a dosing from the control unit of the dosing device is activated.

This makes it possible that in a signal separation between the home appliance side transmitting unit and the dosing device, a dosage of preparation is ensured by the dosing transfers the control sovereignty of the household appliance to the dosing device internal control.

In particular, it is advantageous that the household appliance-side signal is emitted in predefined, periodic time intervals from the household appliance-side transmitting unit into the interior of the household appliance. This makes it possible that the defined, periodic intervals in which a signal is emitted from the household appliance-side transmitting unit in the control unit of the metering device and stored in the household appliance are. If the contact between the transmission unit of the domestic appliance breaks off after receiving a signal at the dosing device, this demolition can be expected by comparing the time elapsed since the last received signal and the time in which the reception of a subsequent signal is expected after the defined, periodic time interval , Dosiergeräteseitig be determined.

It is preferable that the periodic signal intervals are selected between 1 second and 10 minutes, preferably between 5 seconds and 7 minutes, more preferably between 10 seconds and 5 minutes. It is particularly preferred that the periodic signal intervals are selected between 3 minutes and 5 minutes.

Therefore, it is particularly advantageous that the receipt of a signal emitted by the household appliance side in the control unit of the dosing device is logged with a time information t ₁ .

It is very particularly preferred that the control unit of the dosing device, after the expiration of a predefined time interval t _1-2 starting at t ₁ in which no further appliance signal is received by the dosing device, activates a dosing program from the control unit of the dosing device.

According to an advantageous further development of the invention, the control unit evaluates the number and / or time sequence of the signals received by the dosing device in such a way that a dosing program is activated in the control unit in accordance with the evaluation result. This makes it possible to determine, for example, the duration of a washing program in a dishwasher since its start by comparing the time of the first signal reception to the time of determining the signal break, so that according to the progress of the washing program, a suitable, the progress of the wash program corresponding dosing in the control unit of the dosing device is activated.

It is also conceivable that, based on the above-mentioned evaluation of the number and / or time sequence of the signals received from the dosing device, a dosing program stored in the control unit of the dosing device is activated in the control unit starting from a defined program step corresponding to the progress of the washing program. Thus, it is possible, for example, to activate a dosing program in the dosing device during a signal rupture in the main rinse cycle of a rinse program, which is provided for a main rinse cycle and subsequent rinse program sections.

In particular, the signals transmitted by the household appliance-side transmitting unit comprise at least one control signal.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, the signals emitted by the household appliance-side transmitting unit comprise at least one monitoring signal.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that at least one dosing program stored in the control unit comprises a dosing program of the household appliance. This makes it possible that in a signal separation between the household appliance and the dosing unit, the dosing continues a dosing program started by the household appliance.

Therefore, it is particularly preferred that the metering programs stored in the control unit of the metering device include the metering programs of the household appliance.

In the absence of a signal on the dosing device can advantageously be generated for a user perceptible acoustic and / or optical signal that indicates the signal tear.

Furthermore, it may be advantageous that the transmission of a monitoring signal and / or control signal to the household appliance can be effected manually by a user. In this way, a user can check, for example, whether there is a signal reception between the transmitting unit of the household appliance and the dosing device in one of his chosen positioning of the dosing within the household appliance. This can be realized, for example, by an operating element embodied on the household appliance, such as a pushbutton or switch, which transmits a monitoring and / or control signal when actuated.

energy

For the purposes of this application is understood as an energy source, a component of the dosing, which is expedient to provide a suitable for the operation of the dosing or the dosing energy. Preferably, the energy source is designed such that the dosing system is self-sufficient.

Preferably, the energy source provides electrical energy. The energy source may be, for example, a battery, an accumulator, a power supply, solar cells or the like.

It is particularly advantageous to make the energy source replaceable, for example in the form of a replaceable battery.

For example, a battery may be selected from the group of alkaline manganese batteries, zinc carbon batteries, nickel oxyhydroxide batteries, lithium batteries, lithium iron sulfide batteries, zinc air batteries, zinc chloride batteries, Mercury oxide zinc batteries and / or silver oxide zinc batteries.

Lead accumulators (lead dioxide / lead), nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium-ion batteries, lithium-polymer batteries, alkaline manganese batteries, silver-zinc batteries, nickel batteries, etc. Hydrogen batteries, zinc bromine batteries, sodium nickel chloride batteries and / or nickel-iron batteries.

The accumulator can in particular be designed in such a way that it can be recharged by induction.

However, it is also conceivable to form mechanical energy sources consisting of one or more coil spring, torsion spring or torsion bar spring, spiral spring, air spring / gas spring and / or elastomer spring.

The energy source is dimensioned such that the dosing device can go through about 300 dosing cycles before the energy source is exhausted. It is particularly preferred that the energy source can run between 1 and 300 dosing cycles, most preferably between 10 and 300, more preferably between 100 and 300, before the energy source is depleted.

Furthermore, means for energy conversion can be provided in or on the dosing unit, which generate a voltage by means of which the accumulator is charged. For example, these means may be designed as a dynamo, which is driven by the water flows during a rinse cycle in a dishwasher and emits the voltage thus generated to the accumulator.

Fiber optic dosing device

Preferably, an optical transmitting and / or receiving unit is arranged within the dosing device, in particular in or on the component carrier, in order to protect the electrical and / or optical components of the transmitting and / or receiving unit from spray and rinse water.

To direct light from the environment of the dosing to the optical transmitting and / or receiving unit, a light guide is disposed between the optical transmitting and / or receiving unit and the environment of the dosing, which identifies at least a light transmission of 75%. The light guide preferably consists of a transparent plastic with a light transmittance of at least 75%. The transmittance of the light guide is defined as the transmittance between the surface of the light guide at which the light from the environment of the dosing device is coupled into the light guide and the surface at which the light is coupled out of the light guide to the optical transmitting and / or receiving unit. The transmittance can be determined according to DIN5036.

The optical waveguide comprises at least one input and / or decoupling point to which light is coupled or decoupled from an optical transmitting and / or receiving unit and / or from the environment of the dosing device.

It is particularly preferred that the light guide is formed integrally with the component carrier. Advantageously, the component carrier is therefore formed of a transparent material.

For receiving the input and / or extraction point of the light guide and producing an optical connection between the light guide and the environment an opening is provided in the dosing device. The input and / or decoupling point can be arranged in the lateral surface in the bottom or head of the dosing device. In order to provide a good transmission and / or reception characteristic for optical signals, it may be advantageous for the input and / or output point of the optical waveguide to be lens-shaped and / or prism-like.

The light guide can also be constructed in multiple layers and / or in multiple pieces of the same or different materials. It is also possible to provide an air gap between a multi-layered and / or multi-piece molded optical fiber. The transmittance of the light guide is understood in a multi-layered and / or multi-piece structure between the surface of the light guide at which the light from the environment of the dosing device is coupled into the light guide and the surface at which the light from the optical fiber to optical transmission and / or receiving unit is decoupled.

Furthermore, it is preferred that at least two input or extraction points of the light guide are provided with the environment. It is particularly advantageous that the input or extraction points on the dosing device are substantially opposite.

dishwasher

A dishwasher suitable for the metering system according to the invention has, in particular, a closable washing compartment. Usually, the washing compartment of a dishwasher is opened or closed by a door or drawer. Usually, the washing compartment is protected against the entry of ambient light.

The walls of the washing compartment have in particular a gloss level of at least 10 gloss units, preferably at least 20 gloss units, particularly preferably at least 45 gloss units measured according to DIN 67530 with a 60 ° geometry. In this way, multiple reflections of the emitted optical signals on the walls of the washing compartment are made possible, whereby the danger of possible signal shadows, in particular for optical signals in the visible and / or IR range in the interior of the washing compartment of the dishwasher, is reduced.

Average gloss level means the gloss level averaged over the entire surface of a wall. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the average gloss level of Spülraumwände is at least 10 gloss units, preferably at least 20 gloss units, more preferably at least 45 gloss units measured according to DIN 67530 with a 60 ° geometry.

Mean washroom gloss level means the gloss level averaged over the entire surface of all washroom walls. In a further preferred development of the invention, the mean flushing gloss level is at least 10 gloss units, preferably at least 20 gloss units, particularly preferably at least 45 gloss units measured according to DIN 67530 with a 60 ° geometry.

In order to further reduce the risk of signal shadows in the washing compartment, in particular for optical signals in the visible or IR range, it is particularly advantageous that the walls of the washing compartment have a reflectance of at least 50%.

Average reflectance means the reflectance averaged over the entire surface of a wall. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the mean reflectance of the Spülraumwände is at least 50%.

Average washdown reflectance means the reflectance averaged over the entire surface of all washroom walls. In a further preferred development of the invention, the average Spülraumreflexionsgrad is at least 50%.

Furthermore, it is for maintaining and / or improving the gloss level of the Spülkammerwände advantage that at least at least one surfactant, at least one polymer and at least one phosphonate are discharged from one or more preparations in the wash liquor, wherein these components are selected so that at least the surfactant and the polymer are adhered to the surface of the light guide directed into the washing compartment. This results in an improved draining and drying of washing liquid on the walls, whereby deposits on the walls, eg be reduced in the form of water spots. Furthermore, the surfactants and / or polymers adhering to the walls constitute a kind of sealing of the wall surfaces, so that new adhesions of foreign substances can be reduced.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the walls of the washing compartment on optical reflection elements. The reflection elements serve the most homogeneous possible distribution of the optical signals, in particular in the visible and / or IR range within the washing compartment, so that reduced or completely avoided by the corresponding reflections zones of optical signal shadow within the washing compartment. It is particularly preferred that the reflection elements are formed integrally with the Spülraumwänden. According to an advantageous embodiment, the optical reflection elements protrude out of the plane of the Spülraumwände and into the washing compartment inside. However, it is also conceivable that the optical reflection elements are formed as depressions in the Spülraumwänden. The optical reflection elements can take any suitable spatial form, in particular, the optical reflection elements are, for example, dome-shaped, cup-shaped, frustoconical, quarry-shaped, cube-shaped, with rounded or pointed edges and / or combinations thereof.

The reflection elements can be arranged in particular approximately in the middle of a Spülraumwand. However, it is also conceivable additionally or alternatively, to provide reflection elements at the edges or corners of a Spülraumwand to reduce the risk of signal shadows in particular in the rear, lower and upper corners of the washing compartment (viewed from the dishwasher door of).

Dispenser of the dishwasher

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dosing device can receive signals from a dispensing device fixed in a dishwasher.

The dispensing device for dispensing at least one preparation into the interior of a dishwasher may, in particular, be a cleaning agent dispenser, a dispenser for rinse aid or salt or a combination dispenser.

The dispensing device advantageously comprises at least one transmitting unit and / or at least one receiving unit for the wireless transmission of signals into the interior of the dishwasher or for the wireless reception of signals from the interior of the dishwasher.

It is particularly preferred that the transmitting unit and / or receiving unit is configured to transmit or receive optical signals. It is very particularly preferred that the transmitting unit and / or receiving unit is configured to emit or receive light in the visible range. Since darkness usually prevails in the interior of the dishwasher during operation of a dishwasher, signals in the visible, optical range, for example in the form of signal pulses or light flashes, can be emitted and detected.

Alternatively or additionally, it is advantageous that the transmitting unit and / or receiving unit is configured to emit or receive infrared signals. In particular, it is advantageous that the transmitting unit and / or receiving unit is configured to transmit or receive infrared signals in the near infrared range (780nm-3,000nm).

In particular, the transmitting unit comprises at least one LED. Particularly preferably, the transmitting unit comprises at least two LEDs. It is particularly advantageous that at least two LEDs are arranged in an offset by 90 ° to each other radiation angle. As a result, the danger of signal shadows, in which a freely positionable receiver of the signals, in particular a dosing device, could be due to the generated multiple reflections within the dishwasher reduce.

It is also possible according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention to provide at least two LEDs which emit light in a mutually different wavelength. This makes it possible, for example, to define different signal bands on which information can be sent or received.

Furthermore, it is advantageous in a further development of the invention that at least one LED is an RGB LED whose wavelength is adjustable. For example, an LED can be used to define different signal bands that emit signals at different wavelengths. Thus, for example, it is also conceivable that light is emitted at a different wavelength during the drying process, during which there is a high level of atmospheric humidity (mist) in the washing compartment, than, for example, during a washing step.

The transmitting unit of the dispensing device can be configured so that the LED both for transmitting signals inside the dishwasher, especially when the dishwasher door is closed, as well as for visual display of an operating condition, for example, the level of the salt or rinse aid storage container of a dishwasher, especially when the dishwasher door is open is provided.

It is particularly preferred that an optical signal is designed as a signal pulse or a sequence of signal pulses with a pulse duration between 1 ms and 10 seconds, preferably between 5 ms and 100 ms seconds.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the transmitting unit is configured such that it emits an optical signal with the dishwasher closed, that an average illuminance E between 0.01 and 100 lux, preferably between 0.1 and 50 lux measured at the walls bounding the washing compartment causes. This illuminance is then sufficient to cause multiple reflections with or on the other Spülraumwänden and so possible signal shadows in the washing compartment, in particular in the loading condition of the dishwasher to reduce or prevent.

The receiving unit of the dispensing device may in particular comprise a photodiode.

In a further development of the invention, the dispensing device can additionally or alternatively also be configured for transmitting or receiving radio signals.

The signal transmitted by the transmitting unit and / or receiving unit is, in particular, a carrier of information, in particular a control signal.

It is particularly preferred that the dispensing device is arranged in the door of a dishwasher.

Furthermore, a receptacle for releasably fixing a dosing device to the dispensing device can be provided on the dispensing device. This makes it possible, for example, to position the dosing device not only in the dish drawer of a dishwasher, but also directly to a dispenser of the dishwasher, in particular a Kombidosiergeräts to fix. On the one hand, this does not occupy a loading space in the dish drawer by the metering device, on the other hand, a defined positioning of the metering device takes place relative to the dispensing device.

Frequently dispensing devices such as a Kombidosiergerät a hinged flap, which is opened within a wash program to deliver the cleaning preparation located in the dosing of the Kombigeräts inside the dishwasher. The receptacle for the dosing device can now be formed on the dispensing device in such a way that an opening of the flap is prevented when the dosing device is fixed in the receptacle. As a result, the risk of a double dose from the metering device and the dispenser is prevented.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to configure the fixation of the dispensing device and the transmitting and / or receiving unit in such a way that at least the transmitting unit irradiates directly onto the receiver of the metering device arranged in the fixation.

Advantageously, the metering device not connected to the dishwasher for use in a dispensing system comprising the dispenser at least one receiving and / or at least one transmitting unit for wireless transmission of signals from the interior of the dishwasher to the dispenser or for wireless reception of signals from the dispenser on.

List of Figures

FIG. 1

Self-sufficient dosing device with two-chamber cartridge in separated and assembled state

FIG. 2

Self-contained dosing device with two-chamber cartridge arranged in a drawer of a dishwasher

FIG. 3

Two-chamber cartridge in separated and assembled state to a self-sufficient, machine-integrated dosing device

FIG. 4

Two-chamber cartridge in assembled condition to a self-sufficient, machine-integrated dosing device

FIG. 5

Combined dosing unit with sender and receiver unit

FIG. 6

Combined dosing unit with sender and receiver unit with opened dosing chamber lid

FIG. 7

Combination meter with holder for external dosing unit

FIG. 8

Dosing device and arranged in the household appliance transmitting device

FIG. 9

Dosing device and arranged in the household appliance transmitting device with loaded household appliance

FIG. 10

Dosing device and arranged in the household appliance two types of signals emitting transmitter

FIG. 11

Dosing device with two types of signals emitting transmitter and domestic appliance receiving device

FIG. 12

Dosing device with optical transmitting device, coupled cartridge and household appliance side transmitting and / or receiving devices

FIG. 13

Dosing device in plate receptacle of a dish drawer

FIG. 14

Dosing device and cartridge in exploded view

FIG. 15

Component carrier in front view

FIG. 1 shows a self-sufficient dosing device 2 with a two-chamber cartridge 1 in the separated and assembled state.

The metering device 2 has two metering chamber inlets 21a, 21b for repeatedly releasably receiving the corresponding outlet openings 5a, 5b of the chambers 3a, 3b of the cartridge 1. On the front are display and controls 37, which indicate the operating state of the dosing device 2 and act on this.

The Dosierkammereinlässe 21a, 21b further comprise means for the insertion of the cartridge 1 on the dosing device 2, the opening of the outlet openings 5a, 5b of the chambers 3a, 3b effect, so that in the coupled state of dosing device 2 and cartridge 1, the interior of the chambers 3a 3b is communicatively connected to the metering chamber inlets 21a, 21b.

The cartridge 1 may consist of one or more chambers 3a, 3b. The cartridge 1 may be integrally formed with a plurality of chambers 3a, 3b or more pieces, in which case the individual chambers 3a, 3b are joined together to form a cartridge 1, in particular by cohesive, positive or non-positive connection methods.

In particular, the fixation by one or more of the types of compounds from the group of snap-in compounds, compression joints, fusions, adhesive bonds, welded joints, solder joints, screw, wedge, clamp or bounce joints can be done. In particular, the fixation can also be formed by a shrink sleeve (so-called sleeve), which is pulled in a heated state at least in sections over the cartridge and firmly encloses the cartridge in the cooled state.

In order to provide advantageous residual emptying properties of the cartridge 1, the bottom of the cartridge 1 may be funnel-shaped inclined to the discharge opening 5a, 5b. Furthermore, the inner wall of the cartridge 1 can be formed by suitable choice of material and / or surface design in such a way that a low material adhesion of the product to the inner cartridge wall is realized. Also by this measure, the residual emptying of the cartridge 1 can be further optimized.

The chambers 3a, 3b of the cartridge 1 may have the same or different filling volumes. In a two chamber configuration 3a, 3b, the chamber volume ratio is preferably 5: 1, in a three chamber configuration preferably 4: 1: 1, these configurations being particularly suitable for use in dishwashers.

A connection method can also be that the chambers 3a, 3b are inserted into one of the corresponding metering chamber inlets 21a, 21b of the metering device 2 and thus fixed against each other.

The connection between the chambers 3a, 3b may in particular be made detachable in order to allow a separate exchange of a chamber.

The chambers 3a, 3b each contain a preparation 40a, 40b. The preparation 40a, 40b may have the same or different composition.

Advantageously, the chambers 3a, 3b are made of a transparent material, so that the filling level of the preparations 40a, 40b is visible from the outside by the user. However, it may also be advantageous to manufacture at least one of the chambers from an opaque material, in particular when the preparation contained in this chamber contains light-sensitive ingredients.

The outlet openings 5a, 5b are designed such that they form a positive and / or non-positive, in particular liquid-tight, connection with the corresponding metering chamber inlets 21a, 21b.

It is particularly advantageous that each of the outlet openings 5a, 5b is formed so that it fits only one of the Dosierkammereinlässe 21a, 21b, thereby preventing a chamber is accidentally plugged onto a wrong Dosierkammereinlass. This can be realized, for example, by outlet openings 5a, 5b and / or metering chamber inlets 21a, 21b of different sizes or different in terms of their basic shape.

The cartridge 1 usually has a filling volume of <5,000 ml, in particular <1,000 ml, preferably <500 ml, more preferably <250 ml, most preferably <50 ml.

The metering unit 2 and the cartridge 1 can be adapted in the assembled state in particular to the geometries of the devices or in which they are applied in order to ensure the least possible loss of useful volume. To use the dosing unit 2 and the cartridge 1 in dishwashers, it is particularly advantageous to mold the dosing unit 2 and the cartridge 1 on the basis of dishes to be cleaned in dishwashers. Thus, the dosing unit 2 and the cartridge 1, for example, plate-shaped, approximately in the dimensions of a plate, be educated. As a result, the dosing unit can be positioned to save space in the lower basket.

The outlet openings 5a, 5b of the cartridge 1 are preferably arranged on a line or in alignment, whereby a slender, plate-shaped design of the dosing dispenser is made possible.

FIG. 2 shows a self-sufficient dosing with a two-chamber cartridge 1 in the dish drawer 11 with the dishwasher door 39 of a dishwasher 38 open. It can be seen that the dosing device 2 with the cartridge 1 is in principle positionable anywhere within the dish drawer 11, wherein it The advantage is to provide a dish-shaped or cup-shaped dosing system 1,2 in a corresponding plate or cup receptacle of the dish drawer 11. In the dishwasher door 39 is a metering chamber 53, in which a dishwasher cleaner preparation can be given, for example in the form of a tablet. If the dosing system 1, 2 is in the ready-to-use state inside the dishwasher 38, then a cleaning preparation addition for each rinsing cycle via the dosing chamber 53 is not necessary, since a detergent dispensing for a plurality of rinsing cycles is implemented via the dosing system 1, 2, which will follow is explained in more detail. It is advantageous in this embodiment of the invention that in the arrangement of the self-sufficient dosing 1.2 in the lower dish drawer 11, the delivery of the preparations 40a, 40b from the cartridge 1 directly via the bottom of the dispenser arranged outlet openings in the rinsing water liquor, so that a fast Solution and uniform distribution of the rinse formulations in the wash program is guaranteed.

A further embodiment of the invention is in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 shown. The dosing device 2 can in this case be coupled to the cartridge 1, which is indicated by the first, left arrow in the drawing accordingly. Subsequently, cartridge 1 and dosing device 2 are coupled as an assembly via the interface 47,48 to the dishwasher, which is indicated by the right arrow. The dosing device 2 has an interface 47, via which data and / or energy are transferred to and / or from the dosing device 2. In the door 39 of the dishwasher 38, a recess 43 for receiving the dosing device 2 is provided. In the depression 43, a second interface 48 is provided, which transmits data and / or energy to and / or from the dosing device 2.

Preferably, data and / or energy are exchanged wirelessly between the first interface 47 on the dosing device 2 and the second interface 48 on the dishwasher 38. It is particularly preferred that energy from the interface 48 of the dishwasher 38 wirelessly transmitted via the interface 47 to the dosing device 2. This can be done, for example, inductively and / or capacitively.

It is also advantageous to form the interface for transmitting data wirelessly. This can be realized by the methods known in the art for the wireless transmission of data, such as by radio transmission or IR transmission. It is particularly preferred to form the transmission of data and signals wirelessly by means of optical transmission technologies in the visible range.

Alternatively, the interfaces 47, 48 can also be formed by integrated plug connections. Advantageously, the connectors are formed in such a way that they are protected from the entry of water or moisture.

FIG. 4 shows the dosing 1.2 in the coupled state with the dishwasher 38 in the recess 43 of the dishwasher door 39th

FIG. 5 shows a metering chamber 53 in which a transmitting unit 87 and a receiving unit 91 is integrated. Such a metering chamber 53 is also referred to as Kombidosiergerät. The dosing chamber 53 has a receptacle for a dishwashing agent which can be closed by a hinged closure lid. FIG. 31 shows the closure lid in its open position. In addition, the metering chamber 53 may still have a receptacle for a rinse aid, which by the circular closure to the right of the cap in the FIGS. 5 and 6 is indicated.

The transmission unit 87 comprises a luminous means, which is arranged in the transmission unit 87 such that the luminous means radiates into the interior of the dishwasher. The lighting means may in particular be an LED or a laser diode. The LED is arranged so that it protrudes from the plane of the transmission unit 87, so that the LED generates the largest possible radiation angle.

The transmission unit 87 can be configured such that the LED both for transmitting signals inside the dishwasher 38, in particular when the dishwasher door 39 is closed, and for visually displaying an operating state, for example the level of the salt or rinse aid storage container of a dishwasher, in particular when opened Dishwasher door 39 is provided.

The receiving unit 91 preferably consists of a photodiode, which is suitable for detecting light signals from the interior of the dishwasher. Like the sending unit 87, and the photodiode of the receiving unit 91 may protrude from the plane of the receiving unit to achieve the best possible Einstrahlcharakteristik on the photodiode.

It is also possible that the metering chamber 53 has a receptacle 107, by means of which a movable metering system consisting of metering device 2 and cartridge 1 can be detachably or firmly coupled to the metering chamber 53. This is schematically in FIG. 7 shown.

The dosing chamber 53 is firmly integrated in a dishwashing machine door 39 in this embodiment variant. The dosing device 2 has a receiving unit 91 which is suitable for receiving signals from the transmitting unit 87 of the dosing chamber 53. Again FIG. 7 (B) can be seen, lie in the coupled state of dosing and dosing 53, the dosing device side receiving unit 91 and the dosing chamber side transmitting unit 87 directly opposite, so the smallest possible distance between the transmitting unit 87 and receiving unit 91 is realized.

The receptacle 107 can form with the metering system, for example, a positive and / or non-positive releasable or fixed connection, for example a snap-locking connection.

As the transmitting unit 87 cooperates with a dosing device 2 arranged inside a dishwasher 38, in particular in a dish drawer, the following will be described with reference to FIG FIGS. 8-12 explained.

First, it will open FIG. 8 received. One recognizes a dishwasher 38 in a schematic cross-sectional view. Inside the dishwasher 38 are arranged one above the other, two dish drawers 41a, 41b for receiving dishes such as plates, cups, etc. The dishwasher 38 has a pivotable door 39, which is shown in Figure 33 in the closed state. In the dishwasher door 39, a transmission unit 87 is integrated, which is coupled to the control of the dishwasher 38. Preferably, the transmitting unit 87 is integrated in a Kombidosiergerät 53 according to the figures 30-31.

The transmission unit 87 comprises an LED, which emits an optical signal 88, which is a carrier of control information, into the interior of the dishwasher 38. This signal and its direction are indicated by the arrow in FIG. 8 indicated. The broken line of the arrow indicates that the optical signals 88 emitted by the transmitting unit 87 are light pulses or light pulses.

In the lower dish drawer 41b, the dosing device 2 is positioned with a cartridge 1. Of course, it is possible to arrange the dosing device 2 with the cartridge 1 at any suitable location of the lower or upper dish drawer 41, wherein in or on the dish drawer 41 provided plate receptacles for the arrangement of the dosing device 2 are to be preferred.

The dosing device 2 has a receiving unit 91 which is not in FIG. 8 is shown. The optical signals 88 emitted by the transmitting unit 87 are received by the receiving unit 91 of the dosing device 2 and evaluated or converted by the control unit of the dosing device 2.

In particular, an optical signal 88 can be transmitted by the transmitting unit 87 at the beginning of a washing program such that, after receipt by the dosing device 2, the control of the dosing device 2, in particular the control of dosing times and amounts, passes to the control of the dishwasher 38. This is particularly advantageous if the control of the dosing device 2 has own dosing programs for a self-sufficient operation of the dishwasher 38, but they should not be performed in the detection of a corresponding signal 88 of an existing transmitting unit 87.

In FIG. 9 a situation is shown in which the dosing device 2 can not receive signals from the transmitting unit 87, since, for example, the dosing device 2 in the dish drawer 41b of items (objects) 89a, 89b is surrounded so that a reception of signals 88 from and to the Transmission unit 87 is prevented. This can also be done, for example, by falling dishes in the course of a dishwashing program.

In this case of not receiving or tearing off the signals 88 on the dosing device 2, a dosing program from the control unit of the dosing device 2 is activated, so that the dosing device 2 is autonomously dosed by the control of the dishwasher 38 at least one preparation 40 during a wash program. This prevents that no preparation 40 is discharged during a wash program inside the dishwasher 38 and thus a poor cleaning performance is achieved by a signal break. This applies both to situations when starting a wash program and during a wash program.

To detect a signal break between the dosing device 2 and the transmitting unit 87, an additional monitoring signal 90 can be provided that is emitted at predefined, fixed time intervals by the transmitting unit 87, while the control signal 88 at fixed time intervals or only in the immediate transmission of a control signal is sent out. This is exemplary in FIG. 10 outlined. Since the transmitting unit 87 is usually operated via the mains connection of the dishwasher 38, the emission of a periodic monitoring signal 90 does not represent an unacceptable load on the energy source of the dosing device 2, since the monitoring signals 90 only have to be received and evaluated during a wash program.

Of course, it is also conceivable with sufficient dimensioning of the energy source of the dosing device 2 - as in FIG. 11 shown - that both monitoring signals 90 and control signal 88 are sent from the dosing device 2 to a corresponding receiving unit 91 in the dishwasher 38.

In principle, it is also possible for the transmission and reception modes of control and monitoring signals 88,90 according to FIG. 35 and FIG. 36 to overlap and / or run in parallel. That in that a monitoring signal 90 is transmitted by the transmitting unit 87 and received by the dosing unit 2, and a control signal 88 is sent from the dosing unit to a receiving unit 91.

Another embodiment of the invention is in FIG. 12 displayed. FIG. 37 shows the dosing device 2, which has an optical transmitting and receiving unit 111. By means of the optical transmitting and receiving unit 111, control signals 88b can be sent to a dishwasher-side receiving unit 91 and control signals 88c can be received by a dishwasher-side transmitting unit 87. The dishwasher-side receiving unit 91 and dishwasher-side sending unit 87 are preferably in a Kombidosiergerät, as shown in the Figures 5-6 is shown arranged. Furthermore, optical signals 88a from the optical transmitting and receiving unit 111 can be coupled into the cartridge 1, in particular into the web 9 designed as an optical waveguide, and / or be decoupled from the cartridge 1 and received by the optical transmitting and receiving unit 111.

FIG. 13 shows the coupled with a cartridge 1 dosing device 2 in the plate receptacle 110 of a dish drawer 41. The usually grid-like trained dish drawer 41 has struts 109 into which the fixing means 108 of the dosing device 2 engage. In this way, a lateral slipping of the dosing device 2, for example, when pulling out or pushing the dish drawer 41 into the dishwasher 38, avoided.

FIG. 14 shows an exploded view of the essential components of the dosing system consisting of cartridge 1 and dosing. 2

Again FIG. 14 can be seen, the cartridge 1 is composed of two cartridge elements 6,7, which are already known from Figure 20. The dosing device 2 consists essentially of a component carrier 23 and a bracket 54 into which the component carrier 23 can be inserted. The bracket 54 encloses the component carrier 23 in the assembled state, preferably in such a way that penetration of water into the component carrier 23 is prevented.

FIG. 15 shows a side view of an embodiment of the component carrier 23 of the metering device 2, which will be explained in more detail below.

On the component carrier 23, the metering chamber 20, the actuator 18 and the closure element 19 and the power source 15, the control unit 16 and the sensor unit 17 are arranged. The metering chamber 20, the predosing chamber 26, the metering chamber inlet 21 and the receptacle 29 are formed integrally with the component carrier 23.

Again FIG. 15 can be seen, the power source 15, the control unit 16 and the sensor unit 17 are combined in an assembly by being arranged on a corresponding board.

The pre-metering chamber 26 and the actuator 18 are, as in FIG. 15 shown, arranged on the component carrier 23 substantially side by side. The predosing chamber 26 has an L-shaped basic shape with a shoulder in the lower region in which the receptacle 29 for the actuator 18 is embedded. Below the pre-metering chamber 26 and the actuator 18, the outlet chamber 27 is arranged. The pre-metering chamber 26 and the discharge chamber 27 together form the metering chamber 20.

The pre-metering chamber 26 and the outlet chamber 27 are connected to each other through the opening 34. The receptacle 29, the opening 34 and the Dosierkammerauslass 22 lie on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the component carrier 23 escape, so that the rod-shaped closure element 19 can be passed through the openings 22,29,34.

As in particular from the FIG. 15 As can be seen, the back walls of the pre-metering chamber 26 and the discharge chamber 27 are formed integrally with the component carrier 23. The front wall can then be connected to the metering chamber 20 in a material-tight manner, for example by a cover element or a film (not shown).

Claims (9)

1. A dosing system (1, 2) for positioning in the interior of an automatic dishwasher, comprising

   • at least one cartridge (1) for flowable washing or cleaning agents, having a plurality of chambers (3a, 3b, 3c) for spatially separated reception of preparations, each different from one another, of a washing or cleaning agent, and

   • a dosing device (2) couplable to the cartridge (1), comprising

   • at least one energy source (15),

   • a control unit (16),

   • a sensor unit (17),

   • at least one actuator (18) that is connected to the energy source (15) and to the control unit (16) in such a way that a control signal of the control unit (16) produces a movement of the actuator (18),

   • a closure element (19) that is coupled to the actuator (18) in such a way that a movement of the actuator (18) shifts the closure element (19) into a closed position or a delivery position,

   • at least one dosing chamber (20) that, with the cartridge (1) and dosing device (2) in the assembled state, is communicatingly connected to at least one of the cartridge chambers (3a, 3b, 3c),

   • wherein the dosing chamber (20) comprises an inlet (21) for the inflow of washing or cleaning agent from a cartridge chamber (3a, 3b, 3c) and an outlet (22) for the outflow of washing or cleaning agent from the dosing chamber (20) into the environment,

   • wherein at least the outlet (22) of the dosing chamber (20) is closable or uncoverable by the closure element (19),

   wherein the dosing device (2) comprises at least one first interface that interacts with a corresponding interface, embodied in or on an automatic dishwasher, in such a way that a wireless transfer of signals, which represent in particular operating-state, measurement, and/or control information items of the dosing device and/or of the automatic dishwasher, from the automatic dishwasher to the dosing device and from the dosing device to the automatic dishwasher is brought about, wherein the interfaces are configured for the emission and/or reception of optical signals, and at least one interface is embodied as an optical transmitting unit having a light-emitting means, in particular an LED, that preferably radiates light in the IR region; and at least one interface is embodied as an optical receiving unit, in particular selected from the group of photocells, photomultipliers, semiconductor detectors, photodiodes, photoresistors, solar cells, phototransistors, CCD and/or CMOS image sensors, which preferably receive light in the IR region, wherein the optical signal is embodied as a sequence of signal pulses having a pulse duration of between 1 ms and 10 seconds, preferably between 5 ms and 100 ms.
2. The dosing system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the dosing device and/or the automatic dishwasher each comprise at least one interface for the transfer of electromagnetic signals or at least one interface for the transfer of electrical energy, or comprise at least one interface that is suitable for providing a transfer of both electrical energy and electromagnetic signals.
3. The dosing system according to one of Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that at least two corresponding interfaces are inductive transmitters or receivers of electromagnetic waves.
4. The dosing system according to Claim 3, characterized in that at least one interface of the automatic dishwasher is embodied as a transmitter coil having an iron core and operated with alternating current, and at least one corresponding interface of the dosing device is embodied as a receiver coil having an iron core.
5. The dosing system according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one optical transmitting unit comprises at least two LEDs that are arranged with an emission angle offset 90° from one another.
6. The dosing system according to Claim 1, wherein at least one interface emits an optical signal, wherein when the automatic dishwasher is closed and unloaded, produces an average illumination intensity E of between 0.01 and 100 lux, preferably between 0.1 and 50 lux, measured at the walls delimiting the washing space, and the walls of the washing space have in particular an average gloss value of at least 10 gloss units, preferably at least 20 gloss units, particularly preferably at least 45 gloss units, measured per DIN 67530 with a 60° geometry.
7. The dosing system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dosing device and/or the automatic dishwasher comprises at least one light guide through which light is directed from the interior of the automatic dishwasher to an optical transmitting and/or receiving unit into and/or out of the interior of the dosing device and/or of the automatic dishwasher.
8. The dosing system according to Claim 7, characterized in that the incoupling and/or outcoupling point of the light guide is embodied in lens-like and/or prism-like fashion.
9. The dosing system according to one of Claims 7 or 8, characterized in that at least two incoupling or outcoupling points of the light guide with the environment are provided on the dosing device, wherein the respective incoupling or outcoupling points in particular are located substantially oppositely on the dosing device.

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