EP2288651A1 - Composition a base de pvc utilisee en decoration interieure automobile preparee a partir de matieres premieres renouvelables - Google Patents
Composition a base de pvc utilisee en decoration interieure automobile preparee a partir de matieres premieres renouvelablesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2288651A1 EP2288651A1 EP09769483A EP09769483A EP2288651A1 EP 2288651 A1 EP2288651 A1 EP 2288651A1 EP 09769483 A EP09769483 A EP 09769483A EP 09769483 A EP09769483 A EP 09769483A EP 2288651 A1 EP2288651 A1 EP 2288651A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- composition according
- origin
- renewable
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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- FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-diphenyloxamide Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002942 palmitic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HFFLGKNGCAIQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetaldehyde Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C=O HFFLGKNGCAIQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/003—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/18—Slush casting, i.e. pouring moulding material into a hollow mould with excess material being poured off
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31511—Of epoxy ether
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31573—Next to addition polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomer
- Y10T428/3158—Halide monomer type [polyvinyl chloride, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31928—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31935—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new composition based on PVC resin, such that the ratio of the renewable carbon of the composition relative to the total carbon of the composition is greater than or equal to 30%.
- This composition is intended to be used for the manufacture of automotive interior parts and therefore meets all the requirements necessary for this application.
- PVC resins have good physical properties, such as mechanical properties, chemical resistance, climatic resistance and their cost remains relatively reasonable. This is why semi-rigid or flexible compositions based on PVC resin are most often used for making the outer layer of certain parts of the passenger compartment of vehicles, for example dashboards or door panels. This outer layer is then called "skin".
- PVC-based compositions for use in the automotive interior are traditionally prepared with plasticizers which contain very little carbon of renewable origin because they are prepared from a petroleum alcohol. These alcohols are obtained by steam cracking or catalytic cracking of petroleum fractions.
- raw materials from biomass have a reduced impact on the environment.
- Vegetable matter also has the advantage that it can be grown in large quantities, depending on the demand, on most of the Earth and be renewable. It therefore appears necessary to have synthetic processes and new non-dependent compositions of raw material of fossil origin, but rather using raw materials of renewable origin.
- compositions for use in the passenger compartment which contain the highest possible rate of renewable materials, so that at least 30% of the carbon constituting the composition is of origin renewable.
- the term "compound of renewable origin” is intended to mean a plasticizer, an additive and / or a PVC resin which comprises carbon of renewable origin and which is obtained from vegetable raw material or animal.
- materials made from renewable raw materials contain 14C .
- All carbon samples taken from living organisms are actually a mixture of 3 isotopes: 12 C (representing 98.892%), 13 C ( ⁇ 1, 108%) and 14 C (traces: 1, 2.10 "12 %) .
- the 14 CV 12 C ratio of living tissues is identical to that of the atmosphere. the environment, 14 C exists in two main forms: in mineral form that is to say carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and in organic form that is to say of carbon integrated in organic molecules.
- the 14 C / 12 C ratio is kept constant by the metabolism because carbon is continuously exchanged with the environment, the proportion of 14 C being substantially constant in the atmosphere, the same is true in the body, that he is alive, since it absorbs this 14 C as it absorbs 12 C.
- the average ratio of 14 C / 12 C is equal to 1, 2x10 "12 .
- 12 C is stable, that is to say that the number of atoms of 12 C in a given sample is constant over time.
- 14 C is radioactive (every gram of living carbon contains enough isotope
- n no exp (-at) in which: - no is the number of 14 C at the origin (on the death of the creature, animal or plant), n is the number of 14 C atoms remaining at the end of time t, a is the decay constant (or radioactive constant); it is connected to the half-life.
- the half-life of 14 C is 5730 years. Given the half-life (T1 / 2) of 14C, it is considered that the 14 C content is substantially constant from the extraction of the vegetable raw materials to the production of the compound, and even until the end of its use.
- a compound is derived from renewable raw materials if it contains at least 30% by mass of C of renewable origin relative to the total mass of carbon, preferably at least 40, 50%,
- a compound is derived from renewable raw materials if it contains at least 0.3.10 "10 % by mass of 14 C, and up to
- mass spectrometry The sample is reduced in graphite or gaseous CO 2 , analyzed in a mass spectrometer. This technique uses an accelerator and a mass spectrometer to separate 14C ions from 12C and thus to determine the ratio of the two isotopes.
- composition according to the invention may itself be described as a composition of renewable origin, in that it comprises, at least 30% by weight of 14 C, relative to the total mass of carbon of the composition .
- the composition according to the invention comprises 40 to 60% of one or more Kwert PVC resins of between 50 and 80.
- a PVC resin having a Kwert of between 50 and 80 may be obtained by a suspension process; but PVC manufactured in emulsion or in bulk can also be used.
- the PVC resin used in the composition according to the invention is also of renewable origin.
- a process for obtaining PVC of renewable origin is described below.
- the first step of the process for obtaining PVC of renewable origin comprises the fermentation of at least one plant material to produce ethanol.
- This plant material may especially be chosen from sugars, starch and plant extracts containing it, among which may be mentioned beet, sugar cane, cereals such as wheat, barley, sorghum or wheat. corn, as well as the potato, without this list being exhaustive. It can alternatively be biomass (mixture of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin).
- ethanol is obtained.
- the plant material used is generally in hydrolysed form before the fermentation stage. This preliminary hydrolysis step thus allows, for example, the saccharification of starch to transform it into glucose, or the transformation of sucrose into glucose.
- ethanol obtained by fermentation is dehydrated in a first reactor in a mixture of ethylene and water. It is preferred that the alcohol be injected at the top of the first reactor.
- This dehydration step is generally carried out in presence of a catalyst, which may in particular be based on ⁇ -alumina.
- a catalyst suitable for the dehydration of ethanol is in particular marketed by the company EUROSUPPORT under the trade name ESM 110®.
- the ethylene obtained in this stage of the process is converted into dichloroethane by direct chlorination or by oxychlorination with oxygen and hydrochloric acid.
- the dichloroethane is then subjected to a cracking step at about 500 0 C to form vinyl chloride monomer.
- the direct chlorination step can be represented by the following reaction:
- the oxychlorination step can be represented by the following reaction: C 2 H 4 + 1/2 O 2 + 2HCl ⁇ C 2 H 4 Cl 2 + HCl
- the cracking step can be represented by the following reaction:
- the dichloroethane is synthesized by an exothermic reaction between ethylene and chlorine.
- the dichloroethane product is generally used as a reaction medium.
- the reaction temperature is generally between 50 and 120 ° C and the pressure can vary from atmospheric pressure to 5 bar.
- the reaction is generally catalyzed by metal chlorides, in particular ferric chloride, but chlorides of aluminum, copper and antimony may also be used.
- the dichloroethane yield of the direct chlorination reaction is generally greater than 99%.
- the reaction also produces less than 1% of other chlorinated hydrocarbons, especially 1,1,2-trichloroethane and ethyl chloride.
- An oxygen-based, or optionally dimethylformamide, inhibitor may be used to reduce the formation of chlorinated by-products, particularly 1,1,2-trichloroethane by substitution reactions.
- the direct chlorination step can be carried out either at low temperature or at high temperature.
- the low temperature direct chlorination is carried out at a temperature below the boiling point of the dichloroethane, ie generally at a temperature of less than 70 ° C.
- the liquid dichloroethane leaving the reactor must generally be washed in order to remove the catalyst, thus leading to a wet dichloroethane which requires drying and distillation before the cracking step.
- Direct low temperature chlorination produces slightly fewer by-products than high temperature direct chlorination, but requires more energy because of the need to distill dichloroethane.
- concentration of 1,1,2-trichloroethane at the end of the reaction is generally between 300 and 800 ppm by weight.
- the high temperature direct choration is carried out at a temperature above the boiling point of the dichloroethane, generally at a temperature above 90 ° C.
- the dichloroethane leaves the reactor in vapor form. It is thus possible to route it directly to the cracking stage, without washing or prior distillation.
- the energy released by the formation of dichloroethane being equal to 6 times the energy of vaporization, it is possible to recover energy, for example to purify the dichloroethane resulting from the direct chlorination low temperature, the oxychlorination, or possibly unconverted dichloroethane during cracking and recycled.
- the dichloroethane being produced in the form of steam, a catalyst build-up occurs in the reactor.
- the concentration of 1, 1, 2-thchloroethane at the end of the reaction is generally between 1000 and 3000 ppm by weight.
- the oxychlorination step is the step by which ethylene, oxygen and hydrochloric acid react together to form dichloroethane and water.
- the reaction is generally carried out in the presence of a catalyst which contains mainly cupric chloride, at a temperature of between 220 ° C. and 250 ° C. and at a pressure ranging from 2 to 6 barg.
- the reaction can be carried out on a fixed bed or on a fluidized bed. Fluidized bed reactors have better temperature uniformity and allow for work at lower temperatures and pressures.
- the reaction is highly exothermic and it is important to control the temperature to minimize the formation of undesirable by-products.
- the heat of the reaction can be recovered by cooling on a cold surface to generate steam.
- the catalyst may contain other components, such as potassium chloride.
- potassium chloride reduces the overall activity of the catalyst, but has a preponderant influence on the reduction of the reaction rate of the direct oxidation reactions.
- the use of potassium thus makes it possible to improve the selectivity of the conversion reaction of ethylene to dichloroethane.
- the hydrochloric acid used in the reaction can be recycled from the cracking of dichloroethane and the purification of VCM, but it is also possible to use an external source of gaseous hydrochloric acid, dry and of suitable purity.
- the source of oxygen can be ambient air, oxygen or a mixture of both.
- Air systems require that air and ethylene be introduced slightly in excess of stoichiometric quantities to ensure a high conversion of hydrochloric acid, but this increases the formation of chlorinated by-products and produces a significant amount of chlorinated by-products. more important exhaust.
- Oxygen systems require a wider ethylene excess, and allow working at a lower temperature, leading to a yield that significantly reduces by-products and exhaust gases. However, the production of oxygen from air is more expensive in energy.
- the products of the oxychlorination reaction are separated from the flow of inert gas by cooling and condensation at decreasing temperature levels.
- the dichloroethane undergoes a cracking step to form vinyl chloride monomer.
- the dichloroethane used in the cracking step may also come from the step of purifying the VCM, or from an external source.
- dichloroethane must be purified since the pyrolysis step carried out during the cracking may be subject to inhibition or fouling because of traces of impurities.
- the purification of dichloroethane may consist of the following operations: washing with water and caustics to remove traces of hydrochloric acid, catalyst and some organic compounds soluble in water, such as chloral and 2-chloroethanol .
- This operation is often integrated in the direct chlorination step, especially if direct low temperature chlorination is used; - Distillation of light fractions on one or two columns, to remove water and chlorinated by-products having a boiling point lower than that of dichloroethane, such as chloroform, ethyl chloride, carbon tetrachloride; a part of the dichloroethane is lost with the light fractions because of the presence of azeotropes; distillation of the heavy fractions to remove chlorinated by-products whose boiling point is higher than that of dichloroethane, especially 1, 1, 2-trichloroethane and C 4 compounds; the pure and dry dichloroethane is recovered at the top of the column; other operations for the purification of heavy
- the production of vinyl chloride monomer from dichloroethane is obtained by a cracking reaction followed by a step of cooling the gases produced.
- the cracking is carried out in an oven heated to a temperature generally of between 400 and 500 ° C., the pressure generally being between 25 and 30 bar.
- the residence time in the oven is typically between 5 and 20 seconds.
- the purity of the furnace feed dichloroethane is preferably greater than 99.5% to reduce coke formation and clogging of the furnace.
- Dichloroethane must also be dry to prevent corrosion of the facilities by hydrogen chloride.
- the oven is usually heated with gas.
- Dichloroethane is converted to VCM at conversion rates of between 50 and 65%.
- the selectivity to CVM is generally 98 to 99%. Rapid cooling of the pyrolysis product is important to reduce the formation of tars and heavy by-products.
- Cold dichloroethane is generally used as cooling medium.
- the pyrolysis product is generally directed to a fractionator for separating and recovering hydrochloric acid, unconverted dichloroethane, vinyl chloride, and light or heavy by-products, such as 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.
- the dichloroethane can be redirected to the cracking unit for further conversion to CVM, and hydrochloric acid can be sent to the oxychlorination reactor if an oxychlorination step is used.
- the CVM is converted to PVC having a Kwert of between 50 and 80 by a slurry process; but PVC manufactured in emulsion or in bulk can also be used.
- the ratio by weight of the plasticizer of renewable origin relative to the plasticizer of petroleum origin is greater than or equal to 1.5.
- all the plasticizers of the composition is of renewable origin.
- plasticizers of renewable origin mention may be made of the compounds obtained by esterification of a carboxylic acid, preferably of renewable origin and of alcohols necessarily derived from biomass. Mention may be made, for example, of a thoctyltrimellitate, also called tri (n-octyl) trimellitate and in particular the product marketed by the company Polynt under the tradename Diplast TM8®, bearing the CAS number: 89-04-3, issued from esterification of trimellitic acid and octanol from palm oil.
- Diplast TM8® bearing the CAS number: 89-04-3
- trioctyltrimellitate of renewable origin ie derived from the esterification of trimellitic acid and octanol from palm oil has a very good compatibility with the PVC resin, that is to say that there is no exudation of the plasticizer after mixing with the resin
- plasticizers of renewable origin mention may also be made of green plasticizers of isosorbide type.
- esters of vegetable origin derived from glycerol may be used, for example a totally acetylated monoglyceride of fully hydrogenated castor oil, in particular the product marketed by the company
- composition which is the subject of the invention may comprise a mixture of plasticizers, some of petroleum origin, and others partially or totally of renewable origin.
- the composition according to the invention comprises 5 to 20% of additives.
- additives commonly used in compositions based on vinyl resin, mention may be made of metal salts of organic carboxylic acid, organic phosphoric acids, zeolites, hydrotalcites, epoxidized compounds, beta-diketones, polyhydric alcohols, phosphorus, sulfur or phenolic antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, for example benzophenones, benzothazoles, and oxanilide derivatives, cyanoacrylates, hindered amine light stabilizers of the HALS type
- lubricants for example organic waxes, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, esters, metal salts, fillers for example chalk or talc, blowing agents for example azodicarbonamides, and pigments such as carbon black, copper phthalocyanines.
- additives of renewable origin mention may be made of the compounds used for their lubricating properties such as epoxidized soybean oils, organic waxes, such as polyethylene wax, fatty alcohols, and fatty acids, such as stearic acid, and esters.
- pigments of vegetable or animal origin such as hemp
- processing agents such as those comprising 80% by weight of butyl acrylate and 20% by weight of methacrylate of methyl
- impact modifiers of acrylic type comprising 85 to 90% by weight of butyl acrylic, 5 to 10% by weight of methyl methacrylate and 5 to 10% by weight of butadiene
- the stabilizers based on renewable carbon of the polyol type such as glycerol, sorbitol and erythritol.
- the composition may comprise up to 80%, preferably up to 90%, and most preferably up to 98% carbon. of renewable origin.
- the composition according to the invention is in the form of a dry powder, the plasticizer being well absorbed in said powder.
- One or more additives may be added to improve the flowability of the powder according to the invention, so as to obtain a fine granulometry product, non-caking, and with excellent flowability.
- flow agent which is a PVC resin, preferably obtained by a conventional emulsion polymerization technique or by a conventional microsuspension polymerization technique. Resins obtained by a microsuspension polymerization process are described in particular in Application FR2309569.
- the composition according to the invention is in the form of a powder, the particles of which constitute it have an average size of between 50 and 500 ⁇ m, preferably between 100 and 200 ⁇ m.
- this composition is especially suitable for implementation by rotational molding.
- a heating powder mixer is preferably used, as follows:
- the PVC resin is heated in a powder mixer to increase its absorption capacity
- the plasticizer is heated separately to thin it
- the plasticizer is introduced slowly into the mixer for a time sufficient for its diffusion into the resin
- the mixture obtained is cooled in another double-walled powder mixer.
- the invention also relates to the use of the composition according to the invention, for obtaining a layer of skin or composite structure, for the passenger compartment parts of motor vehicles, in particular the dashboards equipped with airbags, the outer surface of said layer being coated with a coating selected from compositions based on epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, PVC or acrylic resins.
- the subject of the invention is also a process for obtaining a layer of skin or composite structure, for the parts of the cabin of a motor vehicle, in particular the dashboards equipped with airbags, comprising the deposition of a composition according to the invention in a mold, followed by a second step of heating said composition to obtain a skin layer or composite structure.
- the invention also relates to a skin layer or composite structure comprising a composition as defined above.
- the invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It is understood that the invention is not limited to these examples.
- Typical formulations named compounds have been prepared by dry-blending according to the formulations described below.
- the dry-blending process consists in mixing a PVC powder resin with various powder or liquid additives (plasticizers, stabilizers, pigments, etc.) using methods well known in the industry.
- the PVC resin is mixed with the liquid and solid additives in a jacketed reactor during a heating and mixing cycle which reaches a maximum temperature around 140 ° C.
- the mixture is then cooled in the same reactor or in a reactor. a separate reactor.
- UV absorber (benzotriazole type) 0,1
- compositions AO, A1, A2, A3 and A4 are obtained.
- compositions A1, A2 and A3 are compositions according to the invention.
- Composition AO is a comparative example.
- the flowability of the powder is measured by filling an hourglass whose orifice has a diameter of 2 mm. When opening the orifice, the flowability of the powder is determined: "Flows” if it flows completely out of the hourglass, "Do not flow” otherwise.
- IRHD hardness is tested according to ASTM D1415. A value between 70 and 80 is in accordance with the specifications required for the automotive application.
- the fogging is measured according to DIN 75201 a. A value greater than 85% is in accordance with the specifications required for the automotive application.
- the cold resistance is evaluated through the value of the glass transition temperature (Tg).
- Tg glass transition temperature
- DMA mechanical dynamic analysis
- a Tg lower than -20 0 C generally provides sufficient strength for a separate air bag opening at lower temperatures.
- a Tg of at least less than -35 ° C is required for the integrated airbag.
- Resistance to thermal aging is measured by placing samples comprising a lower layer of polyurethane foam (2 cm thick, Bayer IF02H foam, obtained by reaction between a polyol and an isocyanate) and an upper layer of PVC skin.
- the initial color of the upper layer is measured by a spectrophotometer according to the CIE Lab measurement scale.
- the samples used for this test are gray in color. This set is placed in an oven thermostated at 120 0 C for 500H.
- the color after aging is then measured and the color variation makes it possible to evaluate the resistance to thermal aging.
- the variation Delta E (DE) is calculated by taking the square root the sum of the squares of the three variations of the three components L a and b, according to the following formula 1:
- a value less than 4 is in accordance with the specifications required for the automotive application.
- the percentage of renewable carbon is measured according to ASTM D6866.
- UV absorber (benzotriazole type) 0,1
- Plasticizers (detailed in Table 3) 40
- compositions BO and B1 are obtained.
- Composition B1 is a composition according to the invention.
- the composition BO constitutes a comparative example.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0853546A FR2931830B1 (fr) | 2008-05-29 | 2008-05-29 | Composition a base de pvc utilisee en decoration interieure automobile preparee a partir de matieres premieres renouvelables. |
| PCT/FR2009/050986 WO2009156642A1 (fr) | 2008-05-29 | 2009-05-27 | Composition a base de pvc utilisee en decoration interieure automobile preparee a partir de matieres premieres renouvelables |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2288651A1 true EP2288651A1 (fr) | 2011-03-02 |
Family
ID=40084305
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09769483A Ceased EP2288651A1 (fr) | 2008-05-29 | 2009-05-27 | Composition a base de pvc utilisee en decoration interieure automobile preparee a partir de matieres premieres renouvelables |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110183143A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2288651A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2011522082A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN102046714B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2931830B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2009156642A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014518170A (ja) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-07-28 | カラーマトリックス ホールディングス インコーポレイテッド | ポリマー材料 |
| CN104755538B (zh) | 2012-08-17 | 2018-08-31 | Cj 第一制糖株式会社 | 用于聚合物共混物的生物基橡胶改性剂 |
| US9505927B2 (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2016-11-29 | Metabolix, Inc. | Biobased modifiers for polyvinylchloride blends |
| US9464187B2 (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2016-10-11 | Metabolix, Inc. | Biobased modifiers for polyvinylchloride blends |
| CN102977510B (zh) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-11-12 | 苏州润佳工程塑料股份有限公司 | 仪表板蒙皮用搪塑pvc材料及其制备方法 |
| EP3004225A1 (fr) | 2013-05-30 | 2016-04-13 | Metabolix, Inc. | Mélanges de recyclat |
| WO2015149029A1 (fr) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-10-01 | Metabolix, Inc. | Systèmes polymères fortement chargés |
| JP7110093B2 (ja) | 2015-09-14 | 2022-08-01 | Mcppイノベーション合同会社 | 柔軟な成形スキン |
| WO2017216272A1 (fr) | 2016-06-16 | 2017-12-21 | Thyssenkrupp Uhde Chlorine Engineers Gmbh | Procédé et installation pour la préparation de poly(chlorure de vinyle) (pvc) durable |
| DE102016210841A1 (de) | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | Thyssenkrupp Uhde Chlorine Engineers Gmbh | Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von nachhaltigem Polyvinylchlorid (PVC) |
| CN109689720A (zh) | 2016-09-09 | 2019-04-26 | 索尔维特殊聚合物意大利有限公司 | 用于涂覆机动车辆零件的表皮材料 |
| CN106751140A (zh) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州意诺工业皮带有限公司 | 一种适用于轻型输送带的耐热耐溶剂pvc挤出覆层材料及其制备方法 |
| CN108642896A (zh) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-12 | 佛山市高明威仕达塑料有限公司 | 一种汽车仪表板材料及其生产工艺 |
| CN108660782A (zh) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-16 | 佛山市高明威仕达塑料有限公司 | 一种新能源汽车内饰革及其制备方法 |
| CN109457494B (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2021-08-03 | 英德市宏利皮革有限公司 | 一种耐清洗剂的聚氯乙烯人造革 |
| JP7545738B2 (ja) * | 2021-10-08 | 2024-09-05 | 平岡織染株式会社 | 軟質塩化ビニル系樹脂複合シート |
| WO2024203254A1 (fr) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-10-03 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Composition de résine de chlorure de vinyle, article moulé en résine de chlorure de vinyle et stratifié |
| LU103347B1 (de) | 2024-07-25 | 2026-01-26 | Thyssenkrupp Uhde Gmbh | Anlagenverbund zur Vermeidung direkter CO2-Emissionen einer Anlage zur Herstellung von Vinylchlorid |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2765231B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-26 | 2001-06-08 | Atochem Elf Sa | Formulations pour l'obtention directe de feuilles expansees, calandrees ou laminees, procede de fabrication de ces feuilles a l'aide de ces formulations et les feuilles correspondantes obtenues |
| GB2344595A (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2000-06-14 | Solvay | Poly epsilon-caprolactone plasticizers and vinylic polymer compositions plastified therewith |
| GB9919683D0 (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 1999-10-20 | Danisco | Composition |
| US6949597B2 (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 2005-09-27 | Danisco A/S | Composition |
| US6797753B2 (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2004-09-28 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Plasticizers derived from vegetable oils |
| US20050037205A1 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2005-02-17 | Anne Dalzotto | Composite skin for instrument panel and other parts of vehicle passenger compartment, method for makig same and composition used for preparing same and method for producing it |
| DE10126122C2 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2003-05-15 | Armstrong Dlw Ag | Flexibler Bodenbelag mit regenerativer, schmutzabweisender Oberfläche |
| CN1230466C (zh) * | 2003-02-25 | 2005-12-07 | 丁少忠 | 一种可完全生物降解塑料母料及其制备方法 |
| FR2880892B1 (fr) * | 2005-01-17 | 2008-03-21 | Gerflor Sa | Utilisation d'acides gras esterifies comme plastifiants du pvc |
| FR2892124B1 (fr) * | 2005-10-18 | 2010-09-10 | Arkema | Composition a base de resines thermoplastiques de pvc plastifiees pour la realisation de peaux composites pour parties d'habitacle de vehicule. |
| BRPI0605173A (pt) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-07-22 | Braskem Sa | processo de produção de uma ou mais olefinas, olefina, e, polìmero |
| EP2033986A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-11 | Alcan Technology & Management Ltd. | Elément d'emballage et son procédé de fabrication |
-
2008
- 2008-05-29 FR FR0853546A patent/FR2931830B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-05-27 EP EP09769483A patent/EP2288651A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2009-05-27 WO PCT/FR2009/050986 patent/WO2009156642A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2009-05-27 JP JP2011511066A patent/JP2011522082A/ja active Pending
- 2009-05-27 CN CN2009801193672A patent/CN102046714B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-27 US US12/994,283 patent/US20110183143A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| "SOLVAY INDUPA WILL PRODUCE BIOETHANOL-BASED VINYL IN BRASIL & CONSIDERS STATE-OF-THE-ART POWER GENERATION IN ARGENTINA Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Derived from Sugar Cane and Salt", 14 December 2007 (2007-12-14), XP055180774, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.nova-institut.de/news-images/20071221-08/20071214ColomboIIEN.pdf> [retrieved on 20150401] * |
| B. G. HERMANN ET AL: "Producing Bio-Based Bulk Chemicals Using Industrial Biotechnology Saves Energy and Combats Climate Change", ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, vol. 41, no. 22, 1 November 2007 (2007-11-01), pages 7915 - 7921, XP055180726, ISSN: 0013-936X, DOI: 10.1021/es062559q * |
| See also references of WO2009156642A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102046714B (zh) | 2013-05-08 |
| JP2011522082A (ja) | 2011-07-28 |
| CN102046714A (zh) | 2011-05-04 |
| FR2931830B1 (fr) | 2012-11-30 |
| FR2931830A1 (fr) | 2009-12-04 |
| WO2009156642A1 (fr) | 2009-12-30 |
| US20110183143A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
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