EP2288480A1

EP2288480A1 - Mold for producing concrete blocks

Info

Publication number: EP2288480A1
Application number: EP09757399A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Holger Stichel
Original assignee: Kobra Formen GmbH
Current assignee: Kobra Formen GmbH
Priority date: 2008-06-05
Filing date: 2009-05-20
Publication date: 2011-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-20
Also published as: PL2288480T3; ATE538912T1; EP2288480B1; ES2374796T3; DE102008061019A1; WO2009147016A1; DK2288480T3

Abstract

For a mold (FO) for producing concrete blocks, having at least one mold core (FK) held on a core support strip (KHL), an advantageous connection of the core holder strip (KHL) to a sidewall (QWA; QWI) bounding the mold cavities (FN) of the mold, and/or to the mold core is described.

Description

Mold for the production of concrete blocks.

The invention relates to a mold for the production of concrete blocks.

For the industrial production of concrete blocks forms are used, which are clamped in a molding machine and are placed on a base, which is excitable to vertical Rüttelschwingungen. Such a mold contains at least one, typically a plurality of mold nests open at the top and at the bottom, which are bounded laterally by mold cavity walls. By placing on the pad, the lower openings are closed and concrete amount is filled through the upper openings in the mold cavity. Pressure plates inserted through the upper openings press on the concrete amount, which is solidified during a shaking process into dimensionally stable concrete shaped bricks, which can be removed from the mold after lifting the mold through the lower mold-nesting openings.

Especially with large volume concrete blocks, such. As hollow blocks, embankment stones, planters are often arranged within the mold cavity of the side walls spaced mold cores, which determine cavities in the finished stones. Such conglomerates are held in a defined position by means of core holder strips, which span the mold nests. The core holder strips are in turn held on the side walls and inserted there in recesses.

By occurring in particular during the shaking high

Forces, the core holder strips are subject to high cycling stresses and breakages of core holder strips often occur as damages in such forms. The core holder strips can therefore also be held detachably on the side walls and / or the mold cores. Known for this purpose are, for. B. from the DE10146344A1 Connections between mold cavity walls and core holder strips. It is also known to increase the recesses in the side walls laterally away from the core holder strips and to screw fastening bodies in the enlarged recesses, which jam the core holder strip in the recess. For the detachable connection of the core holder strips with mandrels is provided in FR 2365418 A1, press clamping sleeves in holes through the core holder strips and aligned openings in cast iron cores.

The invention has for its object to provide a mold with an advantageous connection of a core holder strip with mold cores and / or side walls of a mold cavity.

The invention is described in the independent claim. The dependent claims contain advantageous refinements and developments of the invention.

By means of the holding element extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the core holder strip and penetrating a separating surface and engaging in particular in the core holder strip, a positive connection of the core holder strip with the at least one fastening body and via this a reliable holder on the side wall and / or the mold core is advantageously possible. In particular, the holding element can lie within the vertical extension of the core holder strip in a middle region in the case of the fiber core strip which is neutral to vertical deflection. Advantageously, the retaining element in the vertical direction of the upper edge and lower edge of the core holder strip is removed by at least 20% of the height of the core holder strip. Preferably, said neutral fiber extends within the cross-sectional area of the support member. Of particular advantage is an embodiment in which the core holder strip is kept rotatable relative to the at least one fastening body, at least as part of its alternating deflection during the shaking operation. Advantageously, for this purpose, the holding element is designed as a pin, bolt or the like with a circular cross-section and inserted into a recess, in particular a bore of the core holder strip and / or the fastening body, wherein advantageously core holder strip and / or fastening body relative to the pin about the pin axis at least one small amount are rotatable. The pin axis runs horizontally transversely to the longitudinal direction of the core holder strip.

When connecting the core holder strip with a side wall of the mold cavity, the lower edge of the core holder strip preferably has a small gap to the bottom of the recess in the side wall of the mold cavity, so that in particular in the vertical direction, the entire forces between the side wall and core holder strip are transmitted via the holding element. In another embodiment, it can also be provided that the lower edge of the core holder strip rests on the bottom of the recess of the side wall and vertical forces exerted by the side wall upwards on the core holder strip can be transmitted via the lower edge of the core holder strip. The recess in the fastening body can also be designed as a vertical slot or open down. The holding element can be biased to deflection.

Particularly advantageous is an embodiment in which the core holder strip is held by two fastening bodies, which are opposite to the longitudinal direction opposite opposite sides of the core holder strip, and at least one holding element on a side wall. Preferably is a holding element, in particular a pin or the like, inserted through an opening, in particular a bore, the core holder strip and is located on both sides projecting portions in corresponding recesses, in particular holes of the two fastening body. The two fastening bodies can also, preferably below the core holder strip, be connected to one another as two partial fastening bodies and form a bracket with a receptacle for the core holder strip. The retaining element can be guided through one of the partial fastening body.

The horizontal and vertical directional labels are referred to the regular operating position of the mold in which upper and lower openings of the mold cavities are vertically spaced and the longitudinal direction of the core holder rail is horizontal.

The holding element can advantageously be pressed into the opening through the core holder strip. Instead of a through the core holder strip continuous holding element and separate holding elements may be provided, which protrude from both sides in an opening, in particular a bore of the core holder strip. It can also be provided to brace one or two fastening bodies laterally against the core holder strip.

The fastening body is advantageously arranged directly on the side wall delimiting the mold cavity and forms a partial surface of the side wall in its recess. The fastening body is advantageously connected by at least one, preferably two screw, whose screw axes are substantially vertical, connected to the side wall, for which in this advantageously at the bottom of the recess of the side wall threaded holes are introduced. Advantageously, a corresponding holding device can be provided for the preferably detachable connection, between the core holder strip and a mold core. Preferably, two connection points, each with at least one fastening body in the longitudinal direction of the core holder strip within a mold core offset from each other and each connected to a holding element with the core holder strip.

The fastening body may be designed in the same or similar construction as the fastening body for connecting the core holder strip with a side wall, wherein the mandrel lower restrictions are given in terms of available space and therefore more deviating from the wall mounting versions of the fastening body and / or their attachment the mandrel are possible. The longitudinally spaced fastening bodies are preferably fastened to the mold core individually and separately from one another.

The mold core consists in a preferred embodiment, at least partially made of plastic, wherein preferably fastening means, to which the fastening body are releasably secured, are embedded in the plastic. The plastic can be designed as a connecting element to metallic parts of the mold core. The mold core is preferably made predominantly of plastic and, in particular, has a plastic surface as a surface to be assigned to the mold cavity and in contact with concrete in the mold cavity. The plastic is preferably designed as a solidified in the mold core from a liquid phase plastic casting.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to preferred embodiments with reference to the figures still in detail. Showing: 1 is a form with cores,

2 shows a detail of FIG. 1,

3 is a sectional view of a holding device,

4 shows a variant of FIG. 2,

5 shows a core holder arrangement in isolation,

Fig. 6 is a core holder strip for attachment to a number of

Mold cores,

7 shows the arrangement of FIG. 6 after attachment,

8 shows the fastening body with core holder strip and core attachment structures to FIG. 7, FIG.

9 is a section through Fig. 6,

10 is a section through Fig. 7,

Fig. 11 is an oblique view of a mold.

Fig. 1 shows a view obliquely from above a mold FO for the production of hollow blocks. The shape in each case has a plurality of mold cavities FN in two rows extending in the transverse direction y of a row with a rectangular coordinate system drawn in. In the form nests are two each arranged in the longitudinal direction x spaced successive mandrels FK, which are held on core holder strips KHL. The mold cavities FN are limited in the transverse direction y by longitudinal walls LW and in the longitudinal direction x by transverse walls QWA, QWI. The transverse walls QWI are spaced apart in the example shown in the longitudinal direction x and the gap is covered by cover plates DP. With the shape of FIG. 1, for example, hollow blocks with two cavities can be produced.

The core holder strips KHL are designed continuously in the longitudinal direction between the oppositely disposed outer transverse walls QWA and are inserted into recesses of the transverse walls QWA and the transverse walls QWI from the upper side of the mold and held in the side walls. The holding devices are shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Recesses are made in the side walls of the upper edges, which have a wider recess area AH and a narrower, but deeper recessed area AL. The recessed areas may also have a uniform depth. Attachment bodies BK1, BK2 are arranged opposite one another in the transverse direction y on both sides of the core holder strip KHL and inserted into the recess areas AH. The fastening bodies are fastened to the side wall by means of two screws SB, for which threaded holes GW in the z-direction are made running in the side wall at the base of the recess areas AH.

The height of the core holder strip KHL in the z-direction is larger than the extent of the recesses AH and the attachment body BK1, BK2 in the z-direction and the core holder bar protrudes into the lower recess area AL in the example outlined. The lower edge of the core holder strip KH is preferably se vertically spaced by a narrow gap SP from the bottom of the recess portion AL.

In the core holder bar a perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x extending in the transverse direction bore BL is introduced. A pin or bolt BO is inserted with mutual projection in this hole BL. The pin BO is preferably pressed into the bore BL.

The bore BL is advantageously spaced by at least 20% of the height of the core holder strip from the upper edge of the core holder strip and from the lower edge of the core holder strip. Preferably, a phase of the core holder strip which is neutral in terms of vertical deflection extends in the vertical region of the bore BL.

The fastening bodies BK1, BK2 are preferably mirror-symmetrical to each other and each have a bore BB, which extends in the transverse direction y. The sides of the core holder strip KHL projecting in the y-direction regions of the pin BO engage in these bores BB and connect the mounting body BK1, BK2 in the x and z direction via the pin BO positive fit with the core holder strip.

The fastening bodies BK1, BK2 are detachably fastened to the side wall via the screw connections with the screws SB in the threaded bores GW.

The pin BO advantageously allows a relative rotation between the core holder strip KHL and mounting bodies BK1, BK2 about the center axis BA of the pin. As a result, a dynamic vertical deflection of the core holder strip during the shaking operation is advantageously taken into account. wear. Due to the small gap SP between the lower edge of the core holder strip KHL and the bottom of the recess area AL in the side wall, the core holder strip is held with defined force ratios solely via the fastening bodies BK1, BK2 and the positive connection with them via the pin BO.

The core holder strip KHL is in the example sketched by a small amount beyond the upper boundary plane OE of the mold. The fastening body BK1, BK2 are with their upper edges substantially flush with this upper boundary plane.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 as a section of the stone field of the mold. In the example according to FIG. 4, two successive mold cavities FN in the longitudinal direction x are separated only by a plate-shaped intermediate wall and the fastening bodies BK1, BK2 in recesses of this intermediate wall ZW are chamfered at their upper edge on both sides towards the subsequent mold cavities. As in the previous example and in the case of the outer side walls, the side faces of the fastening bodies facing in the x-direction run flush with the surfaces of the intermediate wall ZW which are assigned to the mold cavity.

Fig. 5 shows in isolated form of the form of a mandrel assembly according to the example of FIG. 4 with a core holder strip KHL, attached to this form cores FK and mounting bodies BKA to the outside transverse walls and BKZ to the intermediate wall ZW as lying between adjacent mold nests transverse wall.

6 shows an oblique view of an assembly of two assemblies, namely a core holder strip with a plurality of Befestigungskör- BKA, BKB and a group of four cores FKS. Fig. 7 shows the arrangement in the assembled state, in which the mandrels FKS are connected via the attachment body BKA, BKB with the core holder strip KHL.

The mandrels FKS are formed in a particularly advantageous embodiment by plastic casting by a plastic material is introduced in a liquid phase in a the external shape of the mandrels FKS predetermining mold and solidifies in the mold, in particular by polymerization. In an advantageous embodiment, such a plastic mold core additionally contains mechanically stabilizing structures, preferably of metal, which are advantageously already contained in the mold during introduction of the liquid plastic material into the mold and are at least predominantly surrounded by the plastic material and solidified after solidification of the plastic material are embedded. Such mechanically stabilizing structures, also referred to below as stiffeners, can in particular also serve as fastening means for connection to the fastening bodies, in that preferably mechanically stressed fastening structures are embodied in such preferably metallic reinforcements, for example as threaded bores and / or contact surfaces.

Fig. 8 shows a compilation of a core holder strip KHL and a plurality of such mechanical stiffening structures, which are connected via fastening body BKA, BKB with the core holder strip. In this case, as in the already described embodiment of the connection of the core holder strip with a side wall of a mold cavity at each holding position in the longitudinal course of the core holder strip in pairs two fastening bodies are arranged opposite to lying on both sides of the core holder strip. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, two pairs of fastening bodies BKA and BKB are provided for each mold core FKS, which are arranged spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction x of the core holder strip within the longitudinal extent of the respective mold core. The mutual distance in the longitudinal direction between the connection point of the fastening body BKA with the core holder strip on the one hand and the junction of the fastening body BKB with the core holder strip on the other hand is advantageously at least 30%, in particular at least 50% of the longitudinal extent of the mandrel in the longitudinal direction x in the region of a receiving recess FAL in the mandrel for the core holder strip KHL. Said mutual distance of the fastening bodies BKA from the fastening bodies BKB is advantageously at most 90%, in particular at most 80% of the mentioned longitudinal extent of the mold core in the region of the core holder strip KHL. The tops of the mounting body BKA, BKB are advantageously in a plane with the top of the mold core.

The mechanical reinforcing structures shown in an oblique view in FIG. 8 consist, in the example of an example sketched, of a fastening section BR to which the fastening bodies BKA or BKB are detachably fastened, preferably screwed. The attachment portion BR advantageously extends as a bridge portion under the core holder bar with advantageously a small vertical distance to this under the core holder bar through to both sides of the core holder strip, so that both fastening body BKA or BKB a pair are each connected to the same Befestigungsab- section BR. For further stable anchoring of the stiffening structures in a plastic mold core, the fastening section BR is connected to anchoring structures BT, which are advantageously predominantly, in particular completely embedded in the plastic material of the mold core. For firm anchoring of the anchoring elements BT can be provided in these additional structures such as openings AD, which are completely surrounded by the plastic material and embedded in the cured plastic. The fastening section BR and the anchoring structures BT can in particular be welded together or also made in one piece with each other. A mechanical coupling of the fastening sections BR with the anchoring structures BT via further plastic material is also possible.

The arrangement of FIG. 8 can also be used for the production of plastic cores themselves by the arrangement with the outer shape of the plastic mold cores defining molds is connected and the core holder strip KHL with the mounting bodies BKA, BKB and the mounting portions BR and the anchoring elements BT the mechanical stiffening structures are used in molds of the cores. For the solubility of the cores of the core holder strip and the fastening bodies they can be coated so that the plastic does not adhere to it or it can be provided instead of the core holder strip and the fastening body correspondingly shaped replacement body, which cause that in the mold cores FKS the in Fig 6, obliquely visible recesses FAA, FAB for the fastening bodies and the groove FAL for the core holder strip.

FIG. 9 shows a section through FIG. 6 in a yz-sectional plane at the longitudinal position of fastening bodies BKA. The mold core FKS has a downwardly tapering contour with slightly inclined to the vertical side surfaces and a tapered bottom. Such a form is in itself customary. In the plastic material of the mold core FKS of the mounting portion BR and the stiffening element BT are embedded and firmly anchored, whereby the recesses AD in the anchoring element BT are flowed through by the plastic. An upper edge of the mounting portion BR extends to recesses FAA, which are open to the top of the mold core and serve to receive the mounting body BR. From the recesses FAA forth threaded holes GB are provided in the mounting portion BR, in which fastening screws FSB are screwed to connect the mounting body BKA in the recesses FAA fixed to the mounting section BR. The undersides of the attachment body BKA, BKB can advantageously rest on the top of the mounting portion BR.

The mounting portion BR has below a recess FAL for the core holder strip on a recess AB, which is spaced in the assembled state of the core holder strip. In the plastic of the mold core FKS, a groove AG adapted to the lower edge of the core holder strip is formed and in the assembled state shown in FIG. 10, the core holder strip KHL engages with its lower edge in this groove and is preferably pressed into the groove with prestressing , Such a bias voltage can be generated when fastening the fastening body BKA to the fastening section BR via the fastening screws FSB, which engage in bores of the fastening bodies BKA and extend through them as far as the fastening section BR and into the threaded bores GB thereof. By pressing the lower edge of the core holder strip KHL to the plastic surface of the groove AG advantageously results in a substantially backlash-free connection, but which still allows the slight deflection of the core holder strip in the shaking operation by elastic deformation of the plastic. For the connection of the fastening body BKA with the core holder strip bolts BO are again provided, which are guided through holes in the core holder strip KHL and held in both opposite each other on both sides of the core holder strip arranged fastening bodies.

For the connection of the fastening bodies BKA with the core holder strip KHL via the bolts BO, a further particularly advantageous embodiment is sketched in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, in which the bolts BO are not inserted in bores of the fastening bodies which fix radially on all sides with respect to the drilling axis but in which in the fastening bodies BKA from the bottom side downwardly open grooves AA are milled, in which the bolts include BO. The fastening bodies BKA fix the bolts BO only against a displacement upwards and against displacements in the longitudinal direction x and transverse direction y of the arrangement. A displacement of the core holder strip with the bolts relative to the fastening bodies downwards is blocked by abutment of the lower edge of the core holder strip KH on the plastic in the groove AG.

The core holder strip KHL can be advantageously clamped in the x-direction under bias in the groove FAL of the plastic core, for which in the manufacture of the plastic body, for example, a replacement body for the core holder strip is used, which has a small undersize compared to the core holder strip. In a corresponding manner, the attachment body BKA, BKB can be represented by spare body in the manufacture of the plastic core.

FIG. 11 shows an arrangement in which a mold core arrangement with a plurality of cores is inserted into mold cavities of a mold and via a core holder rail. In this example, the core holder strip is connected both to the mold cores FKS and to side walls QWA, QWI of the mold via fastening bodies BK in the described manner, wherein the fastening bodies BK on the side walls are different from those on the mold cores can.

The features indicated above and in the claims, as well as the features which can be seen in the figures, can be implemented advantageously both individually and in various combinations. The invention is not limited to the described exemplary embodiments, but can be modified in many ways within the scope of expert knowledge.

Claims

Claims:

1. mold for the production of concrete blocks with at least one limited by side walls mold cavity and at least one disposed within the mold cavity and spanning the mold cavity on one

Core core strip held mold core, wherein the core holder strip rests in at least one recess of a side wall and / or a mold core and is held on the side wall and / or the mandrel by a holding device, which at least one laterally arranged next to the Kernhal- terleiste and detachably on the respective side wall or the

Forming core-mounted fastening body having a holding element, which engages through a substantially vertical separation surface between the holding body and a side surface of the core holder strip transversely to the longitudinal direction of the core holder strip and the core holder strip positively connected to the holding body.

2. Form according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding element is spaced from the upper edge and lower edge of the core holder strip by at least 20% of the height of the core holder strip.

3. Form according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holding element is located in the region of the vertical bending of the neutral fiber core holder strip.

4. Form according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the holding element is designed pin-shaped and engages in a recess of the core holder strip and / or the fastening body.

5. A mold according to claim 4, characterized in that the holding element is pressed into a recess of the core holder strip or the fastening body.

6. Form according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fastening body is screwed to the side wall and / or the mandrel.

7. Mold according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that two fastening bodies are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the core holder strip.

8. A mold according to claim 7, characterized in that the holding element is formed integrally between the two fastening body and through the core holder strip lying between them.

9. Mold according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the side wall is formed by a plate.

10. Mold according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the side wall is an intermediate wall between two mold cavities.

11. Form according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that two fastening bodies are fastened to a mold core and are offset in the longitudinal direction of the core holder strip against each other.

12. Mold according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the mold core is at least partially made of plastic and that fastening gungsmittel, to which the fastening body is releasably secured, are embedded in the plastic.

13. A mold according to claim 12, characterized in that the plastic forms the mold cavity facing the outer surface of the mold core.