EP3000571B1 - Device for manufacturing concrete moulds - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for producing concrete moldings.

Devices for the production of concrete moldings, such. As paving stones are typically used for machining and contain a molding machine and a mold with a mold base and a stamp unit. In the lower mold part usually one or more mold cavities are formed, which are open up and down. The mold base is placed with a lower boundary plane of a stone field on a horizontal surface, which closes the lower openings of the mold. Through the upper openings, the mold nests are filled with concrete amount, which is then pressed through arranged on the stamp unit printing plates in which the printing plates are sunk through the upper openings in the mold cavities. Connecting is done by shaking typically the pad a solidification of the concrete amount to form-stable concrete moldings. These are removed from the mold through the lower openings of the mold cavities. The stamp unit is connected to a typically hydraulically actuated vertical movement unit of the molding machine and by means of this vertically movable. The connection can be given in conventional construction via a Auflasteinheit, which usually forms with the stamp unit a Formoberteil as uniformly manageable assembly. By means of a stop on stamping the stamp unit a uniform stone height is achieved even with different compression of the concrete amount.

In the produced concrete moldings comes the nature of the printing plates facing stone surface, which forms in plates or paving stones visible in the laid state and loaded surface, a special significance. So is in the EP 1 674 226 A2 indicated that the stone surface by means of a horizontally floating mounting of the printing plates relative to the molding machine, the stone surface during the taking place to compact the concrete amount shaking movement favorably influenced.

From the EP 0 118 872 A2 a device for the production of moldings made of concrete or the like is known, according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the punch consists of two separate and nested part punches. The end cross-sectional areas of the partial punches are dimensioned so that the inner punch forms a first partial surface of a molded article and the outer partial punch forms a second partial surface of a shaped article. This makes it possible to shape moldings with different surface profiles. From the DE 10 2011 054 488 A1 a device for the production of concrete blocks is known, which is designed for interchangeable receiving a mold. The mold comprises a mold base with a mold cavity assembly and a mold shell with a mold cavity assembly complementary pressure plate assembly. The replaceable upper mold part is held on a Auflasteinrichtung comprising a Auflastoberteil and a Auflastunterteil. The vertical process of the upper mold is limited by hollow-shaped stop elements, in which damping elements are introduced. From the WO 2011/127928 A1 a device for the production of concrete blocks is known, in which a plate-shaped functional device is provided, which contains, in addition to a stamp plate for connecting a plurality of stamp tubes a connecting plate assigning a loading device. The stamp plate and the connecting plate are connected to each other via connecting means comprising elastically deformable damping elements. The damping elements allow a relative movement between the connecting plate and the punch plate, wherein the limited by the damping elements maximum vertical displaceability is greater than a gap between the punch plate and stopper elements on the connection plate. This results in the Rüttelbetrieb an initial compliance with vertical movement of the stamp plate in the direction of Auflasteinrichtung. After displacement by the gap, a braking of the stamp plate by the stop member and consequently also the movement of the stamp plate with enforcing printing plates on the concrete amount.

While the device described in the previous paragraph provides a vertically limited displacement in the area of the loading device or of the mold top, also swinging pressure plates are known in which a vertically limited displacement, for example, between a lower mounting plate, which is connected to the pressure plate, and an upper mounting plate can be provided. It has been shown that such vibrating mounted printing plates cause better compaction results, especially in large-scale and difficult to compact products. In particular, swinging pressure plates prevent uneven Take off in large stone fields, while still optimally exploiting the vibrations in the stone field during jogging.

However, vibratory mounted plates require some additional design effort, so that they were previously used only in large printing plates.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an apparatus for producing concrete moldings, which has a more compact structure, in particular of the damping elements, so that the previously used swinging pressure plates can also be used as a compacting aid for smaller product sizes.

This object is solved by the features of patent claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are each the subject of the dependent claims. These can be combined in a technologically meaningful way. The description, in particular in conjunction with the drawing, additionally characterizes and specifies the invention.

According to the invention, an apparatus for the production of concrete moldings is provided with a molding machine and a changeable arranged in this form, comprising a mold base with one or more mold cavities and a mold top with a pressure plate assembly with one or more the mold cavities facing pressure plates, wherein the mold top relative to the lower mold part is displaced so that the pressure plates when compressing a filler in the lower mold part along a gap against a restoring force of an elastically deformable damping element to an outer edge of a stop element vertically by means of a stamped and connected to this with an intermediate plate stamp plate are displaceable, wherein the stop element is formed hollow and in its interior, the damping element is arranged.

The solution according to the invention provides for a damping element to be provided between a pressure plate and an intermediate plate, which ensures contact with the pressure plate, for example, with a concrete amount during insertion of the pressure plates into a lower mold part for vertical and / or horizontal mobility of the pressure plates. With increasingly strong forces on the pressure plate, however, the vertical mobility between the intermediate plate and the pressure plate is limited to a certain minimum distance, which can not be fallen below. The limitation of the minimum distance is achieved by the stop element, which is formed according to the invention as a hollow body. Under hollow body is understood here an arrangement in which an interior is surrounded by a side wall which is formed in the form of a continuous surface. Accordingly, openings, recesses, slots or the like may be present in the side wall or at the edge of the side wall. Such a shaped stop element would always be understood as a hollow body according to the invention.

The construction of the stop element as a hollow body, it is possible that the damping element can be mounted inside the hollow body. Accordingly, a compact design is achieved, which also has other advantages beyond. While in conventional solutions in which, for example, alternately damping elements and abutment elements between the intermediate plates and the pressure plates are mounted, bending moments can occur in the intermediate plates, this is greatly reduced according to the invention, since the force in the intermediate plate in limiting the attack from the point to to the reaction force only one has little way. Furthermore, the inventive design of the stop element can produce more cost-effective, since the stop elements can be provided together with the damping elements as prefabricated modules, in particular no over-milling of the stop elements must be performed more, as is usually provided in the prior art. In the prior art stop elements are usually welded, so that for the exact definition of the minimum distance post-processing is necessary. In addition, the solution according to the invention is advantageous in that no force flow has to take place via weld seams. Accordingly, the invention makes it possible to provide a compact construction between printing plates and intermediate plates, so that vibration-mounted printing plates can be used, for example, even with smaller dimensions.

According to one embodiment of the invention, each printing plate is assigned in each case an intermediate plate and / or a stamp plate.

In the invention, it can be provided in particular that each pressure plate is provided in each case with its own intermediate plate and beyond also with its own stamp plate. Accordingly, compact sub-components of a device for the production of concrete moldings are created, which can be performed together, for example, in the usual way with the other components of the mold tops or Auflasteinrichtungen. In this case, it is often advantageous to insert a screw-on plate between the intermediate plate and the pressure plate, which is provided on its lower side with the pressure plate and on its upper side with the stop element or the damping element. This structure makes it possible to replace, for example, complete printing plates for whole stones by those for semi-stones.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the gap between the outer edge of the stop element and the intermediate plate is arranged. In this case, the stop element may preferably be connected to the pressure plate via a screw connection. Alternatively, the gap between the outer edge of the stopper member and the pressure plate is arranged. Here, the stop element may be connected to the intermediate plate via a screw connection.

After this procedure, the gap is located immediately adjacent to the intermediate plate, i. H. the outer edge of the abutment element will be slightly spaced apart from the compression of the damping element immediately adjacent to the intermediate plate. But it is also possible that the gap on the opposite side, i. is arranged immediately adjacent to the pressure plates or in a two-part structure immediately adjacent to the lower connection plate. Depending on the configuration selected, the stop element can then be firmly connected to either the pressure plate or the lower stop plate or the intermediate plate on the side opposite the gap. For this purpose, in particular a screw connection is provided.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the stop element is designed as a hollow cylinder.

Accordingly, the stop element can be formed in a simple manner, for example by a suitably cut pipe section, so that a simple and cost-effective production of the device according to the invention is possible. As already mentioned, the term "hollow cylinder" also means an arrangement in which also openings, recesses, slots or the like in the side wall or at the edge of the side wall of the hollow cylinder can be present. Such a shaped stop element would always be understood as a hollow cylinder according to the invention.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the stop element on a side opposite the gap on the outer edge a closing body, preferably in the form of a welded plate, wherein the closing body for attachment of the damping element and / or for attachment of the stop member provided with a preferably centrally mounted bore is.

In particular, in the just described hollow cylindrical configuration of the stop element, it may be advantageous to provide the side opposite the outer edge with a closure body, the z. B. acts as a lid in the form of a welded plate. The closing body can be equipped with a corresponding bore both for fastening the damping element and for fastening the stop element, so that attachment to either the intermediate plate or the pressure plate is possible. For this purpose, for example, the damping element may be provided with a threaded rod which extends through the usually centrally mounted hole so that it can be fixed on the opposite side with a nut or the like. On the pressure plate or the lower Anschraubplatte a corresponding bore may be provided which receives a cylindrical continuation of the damping element.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the damping element comprises a resilient body, which is preferably designed as a cylindrical rubber body or as a spring.

In particular, in connection with the hollow cylindrical configuration of the stop element, it is advantageous to use a corresponding cylindrical rubber body as a damping element, so that the inner walls of the stop element allow a snug fit recording of the damping element. Accordingly, it is not necessary to connect the damping element with further holding means.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the stop element and the damping element form a single assembly.

The design of the stop element and the damping element as nested components makes it possible to form a prefabricated assembly of these two elements, which can be attached to the intermediate plate of the device for the production of concrete moldings. For this purpose, the stop element is produced with a suitably selected height and provided with the correspondingly larger selected damping element, so that there is the above-described gap on the outer edge of the stop element. Such assemblies produced can then be bolted to intermediate plates, so that, for example, a retrofit in machines for the production of concrete moldings would be possible.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a predetermined number of stop elements and damping elements are provided depending on the geometry of the printing plates.

In order to achieve a stable construction, usually several stop elements are used with corresponding damping elements. These are positioned and their number is chosen so that depending on the geometry the static pressure of the pressure plates is uniform or nearly uniform.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, four stop elements are provided in pressure plates with a rectangular or square base surface, wherein the four stop elements are arranged in intermediate spaces of the preferably four punches of the intermediate plate.

It is particularly advantageous to provide the stop elements symmetrically in those areas where above the intermediate plate no punch abut, connecting the intermediate plate with the die plate, since thus the mounting of the intermediate plate on the stamp plate on the one hand and the mounting of the intermediate plate and the pressure plate or On the other hand, the lower mounting plate can be made independently of one another, whereby the above-described uniform or nearly uniform surface loading is achieved. It is particularly advantageous to provide four punches, for example, which are formed in a square or rectangular arrangement between the intermediate plate and the stamp plate. The four stop elements with their damping elements can then come to lie in the spaces between the four punches, so that there is a diamond-shaped arrangement of the stop elements.

However, it is self-evident for the skilled person that this type of arrangement of punches and stop elements on any other total numbers or arrangements can be extended. In particular, in the case of non-rectangular bases of the printing plates, completely different overall numbers or arrangements of punches and stop elements can be selected in order to achieve the uniform or nearly uniform surface loading of the printing plates.

The exemplary embodiments given in these embodiments enable a force transmission over the stop element in a small area and over a direct path, whereby additional bending moments in the intermediate plate are reduced compared to the devices known from the prior art.

Fig. 1

Teile einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Betonformteilen in einer perspektivischen Seitenansicht,

Fig. 2

ein Teil einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Betonformteilen in einer perspektivischen Seitenansicht gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 3

den Teil der Vorrichtung aus Fig. 2 in einer Schnittansicht,

Fig. 4

den Teil der Vorrichtung aus Fig. 2 in einer Detailansicht,

Fig. 5

ein Bauteil einer Vorrichtung aus Fig. 2 in einer perspektivischen Seitenansicht,

Fig. 6

das Bauteil aus Fig. 5 in einer Draufsicht,

Fig. 7

das Bauteil aus aus Fig. 5 in einer Querschnittsansicht,

Fig. 8

einen weiteren Teil der Vorrichtung gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung in einer perspektivischen Seitenansicht,

Fig. 9

den Teil einer Vorrichtung aus Fig. 8 in einer Detailansicht im Schnittbild, und

Fig. 10

den Teil einer Vorrichtung aus Fig. 8 in einer weiteren Detailansicht im Schnittbild.

Hereinafter, some embodiments will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

Parts of a device for the production of concrete moldings in a perspective side view,

Fig. 2

a part of an apparatus for the production of concrete moldings in a perspective side view according to a first embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 3

the part of the device Fig. 2 in a sectional view,

Fig. 4

the part of the device Fig. 2 in a detailed view,

Fig. 5

a component of a device Fig. 2 in a perspective side view,

Fig. 6

the component off Fig. 5 in a plan view,

Fig. 7

the component out Fig. 5 in a cross-sectional view,

Fig. 8

a further part of the device according to a second embodiment of the invention in a perspective side view,

Fig. 9

the part of a device Fig. 8 in a detailed view in the sectional view, and

Fig. 10

the part of a device Fig. 8 in a further detailed view in the sectional view.

In the figures, identical or functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals.

In Fig. 1 a device VO is shown, which is suitable for the production of concrete moldings in a molding machine. The device VO has a replaceably arranged form FO, which is formed by a lower mold part FU and a upper mold part FB. The lower mold FU has a mold cavity FN, which has a correspondingly selected number of openings OE, so that concrete moldings in the desired number or size can be produced with the device FO. The upper mold part FB has a plurality of printing plates DP, each printing plate DP corresponding to one of the openings OE. The printing plates DP are each connected via a plurality of punches SP with a stamp plate ST.

Above the stamping plate ST, a loading device AE is provided, which can correspondingly compress a concrete quantity introduced as filling material into the openings OE of the mold cavity FN via the punches SP. Between the pressure plate DP and the punches SP, a lower mounting plate AU and an intermediate plate ZW is arranged, wherein the pointing in the direction of the mold cavity FN vertical movement of the pressure plates DP initially takes place against a restoring force of a damping element DA until the lower mounting plate AU in contact with a stop element ON device. The damping element DA is fixed by means of screw SC1 to the intermediate plate ZW. The pressure plates DP are connected to the lower mounting plate AU via further screw connections SC2.

In Fig. 2 is a perspective side view of a portion of the device VO according to a first embodiment of the invention explained in more detail. The in Fig. 2 shown part corresponds to that part below the loading device AE in Fig. 1 which is associated with a single printing plate DP. For reasons of clarity, the representation of the lower mold part FU has also been dispensed with. It can be seen that the stamp plate ST, which is connectable, for example via the screw SC3 with the loading device AE, four punches SP are associated, which are connected to the intermediate plate ZW, so that a force exerted on the punch plate ST force on the punch SP on the Intermediate plate ZW is transferred. Between the intermediate plate ZW and the pressure plate DP is in turn the lower mounting plate AU, which are connected to each other via screw SC2.

The intermediate plate ZW and the lower mounting plate AU are not in Fig. 2 shown damping elements DA connected, wherein the damping elements DA are arranged in the interior of the hollow-shaped stop members AN. At the in Fig. 2 again shown four stop elements AN are provided, which are arranged in spaces of the punches SP on the other side of the intermediate plate ZW. Accordingly, it is possible to be able to produce a connection between the intermediate plate ZW and the damping elements DA arranged within the stop elements AN via the screw connections SC1.

In Fig. 3 is the in Fig. 2 shown part of the device VO explained in more detail in a sectional view. It can be seen that the stop elements AN have a hollow cylinder HZ as a side wall, which communicates via a welded connection with a closing element AB with the underside of the intermediate plate ZW. Inside the stop element AN is the damping element DA, which is held on its upper side in the direction of the intermediate plate ZW through a bore in the closing element AB by means of the screw SC1 on the intermediate plate ZW. On the side facing the mounting plate AU, the damping element DA is slightly protruding beyond the end edge AK of the hollow cylinder HZ, so that a gap SL results between the end edge AK and the upper side of the lower mounting plate AU, which is formed until the damping element DA is compressed so far that the vertical movement is limited by coincidence of the end edge AK and the lower mounting plate AU.

This is in Fig. 4 shown again in more detail. Fig. 4 is again a cross-sectional view, the in Fig. 3 drawn detail area B shows enlarged. The closing edge AK at the lower side of the hollow cylinder HZ facing the lower mounting plate AU formed the slot SL in the uncompressed state of the damping element DA. The dimensioning of the slot SL, ie the distance between the end edge AK and the lower mounting plate AU is selected as a function of the spring constant of the damping element DA. When using commercially available rubber-metal elements in the form of so-called vibration components, this distance may be for example 1 mm. This procedure makes possible the initially mentioned better compacting property of the concrete quantity in the mold cavity FN when compressed with the pressure plate DP.

Number and dimensions of the stop elements AN and the damping elements DA are selected so that the most uniform possible static surface load acts on the printing plates DP. In this case, different base constants of the damping elements DA or different dimensions of the stop elements AN can be selected, in particular in the case of base surfaces of the pressure plates DP which have no mirror symmetry.

For example only, a diameter of the stop element AN is in the range of 50 mm to 200 mm, preferably about 75 mm. The stop element may have an area in the region of the end edge which is approximately 1000 mm ² to 3000 mm ² , in particular approximately 2000 mm ² .

The in connection with the Fig. 2 to 4 described embodiment of the invention makes it possible to provide a compact stop element, which can be connected in a simple manner with a pressure plate DP and a lower Anschraubplatte AU. It is particularly advantageous to provide the damping element DA together with the stop element AN as a prefabricated module.

This is in Fig. 5 again explained in more detail. As Fig. 5 can be seen, the stop element AN is formed by acting as a side wall hollow cylinder HZ and arranged on the top in the direction of the intermediate plate ZW lid in the form of the end element AB.

Inside the hollow cylinder HZ the damping element DA is arranged, wherein between the inner wall of the hollow cylinder HZ and the damping element DA remains a free space. On the upper side, the closing element AB has a centrally located bore BO, through which one with the Damping element connected threaded rod GS can be performed so that the assembly comprising the stop element AN and the damping element DA with the intermediate plate ZW can be screwed. On its underside, the damping element DA has a pointing in the direction of the lower mounting plate AU cylindrical threaded extension FR, which has an external thread and can be screwed into a recess provided there with an internal thread. The threaded extension FR can also be attached alternatively or additionally in the recess by means of an adhesive.

The centrally mounted bore BO in the end element AB is in accordance with the plan view Fig. 6 refer to. The individual parts, such as threaded extension FR and threaded rod GS and the different heights of the damping element DA and the hollow cylinder HZ to form the gap SL are in the sectional view of Fig. 7 shown again.

In Fig. 8 a further embodiment of the invention is shown. Fig. 8 differs from the first embodiment according to the Fig. 2 to 7 in that the gap SL no longer points between stop element AN at the closing edge AK of the hollow cylinder HZ in the direction of the lower mounting plate AU, but rather is now mounted on the opposite side in the direction of the intermediate plate ZW. It can be provided to replace the previously performed in one piece intermediate plate by a multi-part structure, so that in connection with the Fig. 2 explained lower mounting plate AU is displaced in the direction of the intermediate plate ZW.

It is provided in turn to pass the threaded rod GS through the intermediate plate ZW in order to produce a connection between the intermediate plate and the damping element DA, as in Fig. 9 is shown. The End element AB, in turn, can be screwed to the pressure plate DP via the screw connection SC2 via the bore mounted in the center, as in FIG Fig. 10 is shown, so that the connection of the pressure plate DP now takes place via the stop element AN.

Claims (15)

1. Dispositif de fabrication d'éléments moulés en béton dans une machine de moulage, dans lequel le dispositif comprend un moule interchangeable disposé dans la machine de moulage, qui comprend une partie inférieure de moule (FU) avec une ou plusieurs niches de moulage (FN) et une partie supérieure de moule (FB) avec un agencement de plaques de pression avec une ou plusieurs plaque(s) de pression (DP) tournée(s) vers les niches de moulage (FN), dans lequel la partie supérieure de moule (FB) est déplaçable par rapport à la partie inférieure de moule (FU), de telle manière que les plaques de pression (DP) puissent être déplacées verticalement, lors de la compression d'une substance de remplissage dans la partie inférieure de moule (FU), le long d'une fente (SL) contre une force de rappel d'un élément d'amortissement élastiquement déformable (DA) jusqu'à un côté extérieur d'un élément de butée (AN) au moyen d'une plaque de poinçons (ST) garnie de poinçons (SP) et reliée par ceux-ci à une plaque intermédiaire, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de butée (AN) est de forme creuse et l'élément d'amortissement (DA) est disposé à l'intérieur de celui-ci.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel une plaque intermédiaire (ZW) et une plaque de poinçons (ST) sont respectivement associées à chaque plaque de pression (DP).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la fente (SL) est disposée entre le côté extérieur de l'élément de butée (AN) et la plaque intermédiaire (ZW).
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, dans lequel l'élément de butée (AN) est relié à la plaque de pression (DP) de préférence par un assemblage vissé (SC2) .
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la fente (SL) est disposée entre le côté extérieur de l'élément de butée (AN) et la plaque de pression (DP).
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'élément de butée (AN) est relié à la plaque intermédiaire (ZW) de préférence par un assemblage vissé (SC1).
7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel l'élément de butée (AN) est formé par un cylindre creux.
8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel l'élément de butée (AN) présente, sur un côté opposé à la fente (SL) sur le côté extérieur, un corps de fermeture (AB), de préférence sous la forme d'une plaque soudée, dans lequel le corps de fermeture (AB) est doté d'un trou pratiqué de préférence au centre pour la fixation de l'élément d'amortissement (DA) et/ou pour la fixation de l'élément de butée (AN).
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel l'élément d'amortissement (DA) présente un élément élastique, qui est formé de préférence par un corps cylindrique en caoutchouc ou par un ressort.
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel l'élément de butée (AN) et l'élément d'amortissement (DA) forment un module unique.
11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel il est prévu pour chaque plaque de pression (DP) plusieurs éléments de butée (AN) et plusieurs éléments d'amortissement (DA).
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, dans lequel le nombre et la position des éléments de butée (AN) et des éléments d'amortissement (DA) sont choisis de telle manière qu'une charge superficielle statique de la plaque de pression (DP) soit uniforme.
13. Dispositif selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel, dans le cas de plaques de pression (DP) carrées ou rectangulaires, il est prévu quatre éléments de butée (AN), dans lequel les quatre éléments de butée (AN) sont disposés dans des espaces intermédiaires des de préférence quatre poinçons (SP) de la plaque intermédiaire (ZW).
14. Dispositif selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel, dans le cas de plaques de pression (DP) non rectangulaires, il est prévu plusieurs éléments de butée (AN), qui sont munis d'éléments d'amortissement (DA), qui peuvent présenter des caractéristiques d'élasticité différentes.
15. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, dans lequel la grandeur de la fente (SL) dans l'état non comprimé de l'élément d'amortissement (DP) est choisie en fonction de la caractéristique d'élasticité de l'élément d'amortissement (DP).

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