EP2286463A2 - Modules photovoltaïques contenant des feuilles plastifiées intermédiaires à haute résistivité transversale et bonne résistance à la pénétration - Google Patents

Modules photovoltaïques contenant des feuilles plastifiées intermédiaires à haute résistivité transversale et bonne résistance à la pénétration

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Publication number
EP2286463A2
EP2286463A2 EP09742148A EP09742148A EP2286463A2 EP 2286463 A2 EP2286463 A2 EP 2286463A2 EP 09742148 A EP09742148 A EP 09742148A EP 09742148 A EP09742148 A EP 09742148A EP 2286463 A2 EP2286463 A2 EP 2286463A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polyvinyl acetal
plasticizer
photovoltaic module
film
ppm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09742148A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kuraray Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
Kuraray Europe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kuraray Europe GmbH filed Critical Kuraray Europe GmbH
Publication of EP2286463A2 publication Critical patent/EP2286463A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
    • C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
    • C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10688—Adjustment of the adherence to the glass layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the production of photovoltaic modules using plasticized films based on polyvinyl acetal with increased volume resistance and good penetration resistance
  • Photovoltaic modules consist of a photosensitive semiconductor layer, which is provided to protect against external influences with a transparent cover.
  • a photosensitive semiconductor layer monocrystalline solar cells or polycrystalline, thin semiconductor layers can be used on a support.
  • Thin-film solar modules consist of a photosensitive semiconductor layer deposited on a substrate such as a substrate. a transparent plate or a flexible carrier sheet e.g. by vapor deposition, vapor deposition, sputtering or wet deposition is applied.
  • Both systems are often placed between a sheet of glass and a rigid, rear cover plate, e.g. laminated from glass or plastics using a transparent adhesive.
  • the transparent adhesive must completely enclose the photosensitive semiconductor layer and its electrical connection lines, be UV-stable and insensitive to moisture and be completely bubble-free after the lamination process.
  • Curing resins or crosslinkable systems based on ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) are frequently used as transparent adhesives, as disclosed, for example, in DE 41 22 721 C1 or DE 41 28 766 A1. These adhesive systems can be set in the uncured state so low viscosity that they surround the solar cell units bubble-free. After adding a hardener or crosslinking agent, a mechanically resistant adhesive layer is obtained.
  • a disadvantage of these adhesive systems is that during the curing process often aggressive substances such as acids are released, which can destroy the photosensitive semiconductor layers, in particular thin-film modules.
  • some casting resins tend after some years to blistering or delamination by UV radiation.
  • thermosetting adhesive systems are the use of plasticized films based on polyvinyl acetals, such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) known from the manufacture of laminated glass.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • Photovoltaic modules are subjected to a multitude of tests according to IEC 61215 (damp heat test, wet leakage current test) in order to reduce the leakage currents of the modules.
  • Solar cells in particular photosensitive semiconductor layers of thin-film solar modules, e.g. based on CIS (Copper / indium / (di) selenite) or
  • Copper / indium / gallium / sulphide / selenite (CIGS) or the thin conductive layers (TCO) are chemically susceptible to corrosion, so the encapsulant must be chemically inert and free from aggressive chemicals Additives such as crosslinkers, crosslinkers or primers, and the presence of water, alkali metal ions or traces of acid should be avoided.
  • plastics commonly used in photovoltaic modules are generally known as electrically good insulating materials, however, have Restleit refineen, which are as a rule due to impurities such as water, ionic catalyst residues or salts.
  • impurities such as water, ionic catalyst residues or salts.
  • the interaction of ionic impurities with diffusing water which is always to be expected in the case of ambient humidities typical for use, has a considerable share in the residual conductivity.
  • the salt content of the film depends firstly on the salt content of the PVB polymer, which from the manufacturing process depending on the quality of the washing process used there, salts of Mineral acids such as NaCl, KCl, NaNO 3 , KNO 3 , Na 2 SO 4 or K 2 SO 4 typically in amounts between 20-300 ppm.
  • alkali and alkaline earth metal salts are often added to the usual PVB films as so-called anti-adhesion agents to increase the penetration resistance of the glass / film / glass composites in amounts of about 20-500 ppm. These salts are required to set a sufficiently low level of adhesion of the film to the glass. If a photovoltaic module produced with PVB film is therefore also to have the safety properties of a laminated safety glass in addition to high power generation, for example because the module is part of a glass façade, the problem arises that the anti-adhesive agent combinations and quantities normally used to reduce adhesion impair the electrical resistance can also increase the corrosion of the semiconductor layers.
  • the safety properties of a glass component on laminated glass are generally considered to be sufficient if the component in the pendulum impact test according to EN 12600 at least Class 3B for which a 50 kg double tire pendulum from a height of 190 mm is levitated against the glass , If the pendulum does not break through the glass component or if there is no large opening and no Sharp-edged splinters detach, the test is passed.
  • laminated glass also has the pendulum impact test at significantly greater deflection heights, in particular 1200 mm, which then achieves the highest resistance class 1 B.
  • the PVB film should have a not too high adhesion to the glass or the adjacent functional layers.
  • Object of the present invention was therefore, plasticizer-containing films based on polyvinyl acetal with high volume resistance and provide good penetration resistance in conjunction with glass layers for the manufacture of photovoltaic modules.
  • the present invention therefore relates to photovoltaic modules comprising a laminate of a) a transparent front cover b) one or more photosensitive semiconductor layers c) at least one plasticizer-containing polyvinyl acetal-based film and d) a back cover wherein the plasticizer-containing polyvinyl acetal-based Film c) has more than 10 ppm of metal ions selected from the group of alkaline earth metals, zinc and aluminum and less than 150 ppm of alkali metal ions.
  • concentrations refer to the respective sums of the individual concentrations, i. E. to the total concentrations of alkali metal ions or polyvalent metal ions.
  • the film used according to the invention c) contains more than 15 ppm, preferably more than 20 ppm, preferably more than 30 ppm, preferably more than 50 ppm, preferably more than 75 ppm, preferably more than 100 ppm, preferably more than 125 ppm and more preferably more than 150 ppm ions of the alkaline earth metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra), zinc or aluminum.
  • Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra the alkaline earth metals
  • not more than 1000 ppm of said polyvalent metals should be present.
  • the content of alkali metal ions (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) in the plasticizer-containing polyvinyl acetal-based film should be as low as possible.
  • the film contains less than 100 ppm, preferably less than 75 ppm, preferably less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 25 ppm, preferably less than 15 ppm, preferably less than 10 ppm and more preferably less than 5 ppm alkali metal ions.
  • Alkali metal ions are added to the film mixture in the form of the salts of mono- or polyvalent inorganic or mono- or polyvalent organic acids.
  • counterions are e.g. Salts of organic carboxylic acids such as formates, acetates, trifluoroacetates, propionates, butyrates, benzoates, 2-ethylhexanoates, etc., preferably carboxylic acids having less than 10 C atoms, preferably less than 8, preferably less than 6, preferably less than 4 and especially preferably be used with less than 3 C-atoms.
  • inorganic counterions are chlorides, nitrates, sulfates, phosphates.
  • the films used in the invention in a
  • Ambient humidity of 85% RH at 23 ° C a resistivity of at least 1E + 11 ohms * cm, preferably at least 5E + 11 ohms * cm, 1E + 12 ohms * cm, 5E + 12 ohms * cm, 1E + 13 , 5E + 13 ohms * cm or 1E + 14 ohms * cm.
  • polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water and acetalized with an aldehyde such as butyraldehyde with the addition of an acid catalyst.
  • the precipitated polyvinyl acetal is separated, washed neutral, optionally suspended in an alkaline aqueous medium, then washed neutral again and dried.
  • the acid used for the acetalization must be neutralized again after the reaction.
  • a low level of alkali metal ions can be achieved inter alia in the synthesis of the polyvinyl acetal by dispensing with the sodium or potassium hydroxides or carbonates usually used to neutralize the catalyst or by thoroughly washing the polyvinyl acetal obtained in the acetalization become.
  • the catalyst acid can be neutralized from the acetalization step, for example by blowing in carbon dioxide or ethylene oxide.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol content of the polyvinyl acetal can be adjusted by the amount of aldehyde used in the acetalization.
  • Aldehydes having 2-10 carbon atoms e.g., valeraldehyde.
  • the films based on plasticized polyvinyl acetal preferably contain uncrosslinked polyvinyl butyral (PVB), which is obtained by acetalization of polyvinyl alcohol with butyraldehyde.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • crosslinked polyvinyl acetals in particular crosslinked polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is also possible.
  • Suitable crosslinked polyvinyl acetals are e.g. in EP 1527107 B1 and WO 2004/063231 A1 (thermal self-crosslinking of polyvinyl acetals containing carboxyl groups), EP 1606325 A1 (polyvinyl acetals crosslinked with polyaldehydes) and WO 03/020776 A1 (polyvinyl acetals crosslinked with glyoxylic acid).
  • EP 1527107 B1 and WO 2004/063231 A1 thermal self-crosslinking of polyvinyl acetals containing carboxyl groups
  • EP 1606325 A1 polyvinyl acetals crosslinked with polyaldehydes
  • WO 03/020776 A1 polyvinyl acetals crosslinked with glyoxylic acid
  • terpolymers of hydrolyzed vinyl acetate / ethylene copolymers can also be used as the polyvinyl alcohol. These compounds are typically hydrolyzed to greater than 98 mole percent and contain from 1 to 10 weight percent ethylene based units (e.g., "Exceval" type from Kuraray Europe GmbH).
  • hydrolyzed copolymers of vinyl acetate and at least one further ethylenically unsaturated monomer can also be used within the scope of the present invention.
  • polyvinyl alcohols can be used in the context of the present invention purely or as a mixture of polyvinyl alcohols with different degree of polymerization or degree of hydrolysis.
  • Polyvinyl acetals still contain in addition to the acetal units
  • the polyvinyl acetals used according to the invention preferably have a polyvinyl alcohol content of less than 22% by weight, 20% by weight or 18 % By weight, less than 16% by weight or 15% by weight and in particular less than 14% by weight. A polyvinyl alcohol content of 12% by weight should not be exceeded.
  • Polyvinyl acetal is preferably less than 5% by weight, less than 3% by weight or less than 1% by weight, particularly preferably less than 0.75% by weight, very preferably less than 0.5% by weight and in particular less than 0.25% by weight.
  • the degree of acetalization can be determined by calculation.
  • the films have a plasticizer content of at most 40% by weight, 35% by weight, 32% by weight, 30% by weight, 28% by weight, 26% by weight, 24% by weight, 22% by weight. , 20 wt.%, 18 wt.%, 16 wt.%, Wherein a plasticizer content of 15 wt.% For reasons of processability of the film should not be exceeded (in each case based on the total film formulation).
  • Inventive films or photovoltaic modules may contain one or more plasticizers.
  • suitable plasticizers for the films used according to the invention are one or more compounds selected from the following groups:
  • Esters of polyhydric aliphatic or aromatic acids e.g. Dialkyladipates such as Dihexyladipat, Dioctyladipat, Hexylcyclohexyladipat, mixtures of heptyl and nonyl adipates, Diisononyladipat, heptylnonyl adipate and esters of adipic acid with cycloaliphatic or ether-containing ester alcohols, dialkyl sebacates such as dibutyl sebacate and esters of sebacic acid with cycloaliphatic or ether-containing ester alcohols, esters of phthalic acid such as butyl benzyl phthalate or bis-2-butoxyethyl phthalate
  • esters of di-, tri- or tetraglycols with linear or branched aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids can serve Diethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate), triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate), tri-ethylene glycol bis (2-ethylbu-ta-no-ate),
  • Phosphates with aliphatic or aromatic ester alcohols e.g. Tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TOF), triethyl phosphate, diphenyl-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, and / or tricresyl phosphate
  • Slides are one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate (DOS), di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DOA), dihexyl adipate (DHA), dibutyl sebacate (DBS), triethylene glycol bis-n-heptanoate (3G7), Tetraethylene glycol bis-n-heptanoate (4G7), triethylene glycol bis-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO or 3G8) tetraethylene glycol bis-n-2-ethylhexanoate (4GO or 4G8) di-2-butoxy-ethyl adipate (DBEA ), Di-2-butoxyethoxyethyl adipate (DBEEA) di-2-butoxyethyl sebacate (DBES), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DOP), di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) triethylene glycol bis
  • Plasticizers whose polarity expressed by the formula 100 ⁇ O / (C + H) is less than or equal to 9.4 are particularly suitable as plasticizers for the films used according to the invention, where O, C and H are the number of oxygen atoms. , Carbon and hydrogen atoms in each molecule.
  • the following table shows plasticizers which can be used according to the invention and their polarity values according to the formula 100 ⁇ O / (C + H).
  • the ion mobility which is possibly dependent on the water content of the film and thus the specific resistance can be influenced by the addition of silica, in particular pyrogenic SiO 2 .
  • the plasticizer-containing films based on polyvinyl acetal preferably contain 0.001 to 15% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight and in particular 2 to 5% by weight of SiO 2 .
  • the films of the invention may additionally contain conventional additives, such as oxidation stabilizers, UV stabilizers, dyes, pigments and anti-adhesive.
  • the photovoltaic modules are produced by laminating the transparent front cover a), the photosensitive semiconductor layers b) and the rear cover d) by means of at least one plasticizer-containing film based on polyvinyl acetal c) with fusion of the films, so that a bubble-free and schlierenoker Inclusion of the photosensitive semiconductor layer is obtained.
  • the photosensitive semiconductor layers are embedded between two films c) and thus bonded to the covers a) and d).
  • Foils are usually 0.38, 0.51, 0.76, 1.14, 1.52 or 2.28 mm.
  • the photosensitive semiconductor layer is applied directly to a support (for example by vapor deposition, vapor deposition, sputtering or wet deposition). An encapsulation of the photosensitive semiconductor layer is not possible here.
  • the photosensitive semiconductor layers are applied to the cover d) (for example by vapor deposition, vapor deposition, sputtering or wet deposition) and bonded to the transparent front cover a) by at least one film c).
  • the photosensitive semiconductor layers are applied to the transparent front cover a) and glued by at least one film c) with the rear cover d).
  • the photosensitive material In general, in thin-film modules, the photosensitive material
  • this edge region can be very narrow, preferably below 3 cm, especially below 2 cm and in particular below 1 cm.
  • the transparent front cover is usually made of glass or PMMA.
  • the rear cover of the photovoltaic module according to the invention may consist of glass, plastic or metal or their composites, wherein at least one of the carrier may be transparent. It is also possible to use one or both covers as composite glazing (ie as a laminate of at least two glass panes and at least one PVB foil) or as insulating glazing with a gas gap. Of course, that too Combination of these measures possible.
  • the photosensitive semiconductor layers used in the modules need not possess any special properties. Mono-, polycrystalline or amorphous systems can be used.
  • Photovoltaic modules used vacuum laminators. These consist of a heatable and evacuable chamber, in which composite glazing can be laminated within 30 - 60 minutes. Reduced pressures of 0.01 to 300 mbar and temperatures of 100 to 200 0 C, in particular 130 - 160 0 C have proven in practice.
  • a laminated as described above laminated body between at least one pair of rollers at a temperature of 60 to 150 ° C are pressed into a module according to the invention.
  • Systems of this type are known for the production of laminated glazing and usually have at least one heating tunnel before or after the first press shop in systems with two pressing plants.
  • the invention further provides for the use of plasticized polyvinyl acetal-based films c) containing more than 10 ppm metal ions selected from the group of alkaline earth metals, zinc and aluminum and less than 150 ppm alkali metal ions or with the preferred embodiments mentioned Production of photovoltaic modules.
  • Photovoltaic modules according to the invention can be used as a facade component
  • the measurement of the volume resistivity of the film is carried out according to DIN IEC 60093 at a defined temperature and ambient humidity (23 ° C and 85% rl_F) after the film has been conditioned for at least 24 hours under these conditions.
  • a plate electrode Type 302 132 from Fetronic GmbH and an ohmmeter ISO-Digi 5 kV from Amprobe were used.
  • the test voltage was 2.5kV, the waiting time after application of the test voltage to the value acquisition 60 sec.
  • Polyvinyl acetals were determined according to ASTM D 1396-92. The analysis of the metal ion content was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The water or moisture content of the films is determined by the Karl Fischer method.
  • the pendulum impact test is carried out in accordance with EN 12600; the result is given in the classification of this standard.
  • the adhesion of the film to the glass is given in "punch values" in each case based on the fire or tin side of the glass.
  • the haze is determined by the Haze value in% according to ASTM 1003 D on a smooth film.
  • the PVB film to be tested is placed between two flat silicate glass panes of the format 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm with a thickness of 2 mm, vented in a Vorverbundofen calender rolls to a glass pre-composite and then in an autoclave at a pressure of 12 bar and at a temperature of 140 ° C within a total of 90 min. pressed into a flat laminated safety glass. From the laminated safety glass thus produced, 10 samples measuring 25.4 mm ⁇ 25.4 mm are cut.
  • test parameters are as follows:
  • Sheets of thickness 0.76 mm were prepared with the mixtures of the composition listed in the following table and examined for their electrical resistance and their adhesion to glass and the pendulum impact resistance of laminated glass with the structure 5 mm float glass / foil / 5 mm float glass ,
  • Table 3 and 4 The amounts given in Table 3 and 4 are given in wt.%, Based on the sum PVB and plasticizer.
  • 3G8 stands for triethylene glycol bis-2-ethylhexanoate
  • AEROSIL 130 and TINUVIN 328 are commercial products of Evonik Degussa GmbH or CIBA.
  • the volume resistivity according to DIN IEC 60093 is indicated on a film conditioned in ohms at 23 ° C./85% RH (as described above).
  • the PVB was a high-viscosity polyvinyl butyral having a viscosity 60-90 mPas (measured according to DIN53015 as a 5% solution in ethanol (with 5% water) at 20 0 C) and a PVA content of 20.0 wt.%, The content thereof of Na ions by thorough washing below 3 ppm.
  • films having the salt concentration according to the invention have a high specific resistance with good penetration resistance of the glass / foil / glass laminates produced therewith. Films of this type are suitable for photovoltaic applications. A further improvement of the resistivity could be achieved by adding SiO 2 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation de feuilles plastifiées, à base de polyacétal vinylique, comportant plus de 10 ppm d'ions métalliques sélectionnés dans le groupe constitué par les métaux alcalinoterreux, le zinc et l'aluminium et moins de 150 ppm d'ions de métaux alcalins, pour la fabrication de modules photovoltaïques. Les feuilles possèdent de préférence, dans une atmosphère ambiante à 85 % d'humidité relative/23°C, une résistivité transversale supérieure à 1E11 ohms*cm. Les modules photovoltaïques peuvent être utilisés comme élément de façade, surfaces de toit, revêtement de jardin d'hiver, paroi d'insonorisation, élément de balcon ou de rambarde ou bien comme élément constitutif de surfaces de fenêtres.
EP09742148A 2008-05-08 2009-05-08 Modules photovoltaïques contenant des feuilles plastifiées intermédiaires à haute résistivité transversale et bonne résistance à la pénétration Withdrawn EP2286463A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008001654A DE102008001654A1 (de) 2008-05-08 2008-05-08 Photovoltaikmodule enthaltend plastifizierte Zwischenschicht-Folien mit hohem Durchgangswiderstand und guter Penetrationsfestigkeit
PCT/EP2009/055586 WO2009135930A2 (fr) 2008-05-08 2009-05-08 Modules photovoltaïques contenant des feuilles plastifiées intermédiaires à haute résistivité transversale et bonne résistance à la pénétration

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2286463A2 true EP2286463A2 (fr) 2011-02-23

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EP09742148A Withdrawn EP2286463A2 (fr) 2008-05-08 2009-05-08 Modules photovoltaïques contenant des feuilles plastifiées intermédiaires à haute résistivité transversale et bonne résistance à la pénétration

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20110056555A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2286463A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2011520278A (fr)
CN (1) CN102017185A (fr)
DE (1) DE102008001654A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009135930A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008042882A1 (de) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-22 Kuraray Europe Gmbh Photovoltaikmodule enthaltend plastifizierte Zwischenschicht-Folien aus Polyvinylacetalen mit hohem Polyvinylacetatgehalt
EP2259334A1 (fr) * 2009-06-05 2010-12-08 Kuraray Europe GmbH Module photovoltaïque doté de feuilles contenant du plastifiant et ayant un fluage faible
EP2354716A1 (fr) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-10 Kuraray Europe GmbH Miroir pour centrales solaires contenant des feuilles de polyvinylacétal contenant du plastifiant
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WO2009135930A2 (fr) 2009-11-12
US20110056555A1 (en) 2011-03-10
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WO2009135930A3 (fr) 2010-09-23
DE102008001654A1 (de) 2009-11-12

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