EP2282321B1 - Module de mesure du courant s'écoulant dans le conducteur d'un distributeur basse tension - Google Patents

Module de mesure du courant s'écoulant dans le conducteur d'un distributeur basse tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2282321B1
EP2282321B1 EP09167325.1A EP09167325A EP2282321B1 EP 2282321 B1 EP2282321 B1 EP 2282321B1 EP 09167325 A EP09167325 A EP 09167325A EP 2282321 B1 EP2282321 B1 EP 2282321B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
current
low
conductor
terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09167325.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2282321A1 (fr
Inventor
Adelbert Schalk
Harm de Roo
Karlheinz Lutter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Priority to EP09167325.1A priority Critical patent/EP2282321B1/fr
Priority to US12/851,210 priority patent/US8447545B2/en
Priority to CN2010102549833A priority patent/CN101995506A/zh
Priority to CN201510402895.6A priority patent/CN104965109B/zh
Publication of EP2282321A1 publication Critical patent/EP2282321A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2282321B1 publication Critical patent/EP2282321B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/123—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit
    • H01H71/125—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit characterised by sensing elements, e.g. current transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/30—Constructions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a module for measuring a current flowing in a conductor of a low-voltage distributor, comprising a current sensor for detecting the current, a microprocessor circuit for processing an output signal output from the current sensor, and a box-shaped module housing accommodating the current sensor and the microprocessor circuit, which is vertical the direction of the conductor is at most as wide as a pole of a pluggable into the low-voltage distributor and connectable to the power line device, the module housing having an opening for the passage of the conductor and an interface with two connected to the microprocessor circuit and connectable to an external power source power connections and an element of a connection for releasably securing the module in the low voltage distributor.
  • the invention also relates to a low-voltage distributor with such a module.
  • FIG DE 10 2006 059384 A1 A module of the type mentioned above for detecting and measuring the current flowing in a conductor of a low-voltage distributor is shown in FIG DE 10 2006 059384 A1 described.
  • This module has a box-shaped module housing in which a current sensor and a microprocessor circuit are arranged. At the rear of the module housing, a recess is arranged, which serves for releasably securing the module on a DIN rail provided in the low-voltage distributor. In the wall of the housing two openings are formed. In the area of the two openings, the housing accommodates two current connections. Through both openings, one of the insulation-free end of two arranged outside the housing sections of a led by an insulation surrounded conductor.
  • the housed in the housing, freed from the insulation ends of the conductor are electrically connected to the two power terminals.
  • the module housing also accommodates a current sensor and a current measuring conductor which is guided through the current sensor and forms a further section of the current conductor.
  • an interface is held on the module housing, having the microprocessor circuit and connected to an external power source power connections.
  • Another current measuring and current measuring module is in DE 195 23 725 C2 described.
  • This module is part of a low-voltage circuit breaker, which in addition to two other of these modules also has a three-pole Wegheftanardnung with a switching mechanism.
  • This module contains a housing with an opening through which a switch-controlled phase conductor of the low-voltage distributor is routed.
  • a current sensor and an auxiliary power converter, and a printed circuit board with a microprocessor circuit are arranged, which processes the output signals from the current sensor and passes to an interface for feeding into a bus system.
  • the temperature and voltage of the conductor are also determined and transferred to the interface.
  • Data transmitted at the interfaces serve, on the one hand, to control the switch and, on the other hand, to pass on to a bus system with a central control, in which the detected values of the current carried in the current conductor or other parameters, such as voltage, temperature or power, as well as the corresponding data
  • a bus system with a central control in which the detected values of the current carried in the current conductor or other parameters, such as voltage, temperature or power, as well as the corresponding data
  • Another switch of the low-voltage distributor can be displayed.
  • a current measuring module is also in DE 10 2007 006 219 A1 described.
  • This module has a magnetic module for generating a potential-free Output signal which is proportional to the current to be detected, as well as an electronic module with an integrated circuit for detecting and processing the output signal of the magnetic module.
  • the magnetic module comprises a ferromagnetic toroidal core with or without an air gap. Through the toroidal core, a current-carrying primary conductor is guided.
  • the toroidal core may be provided with a current-supplied compensation winding or a current-supplying sensor winding.
  • magnetic field probes acting as current sensors are used, which are designed above all as Hall probe or inductive magnetic field probe and measure in the air gap of the toroidal core or on the toroidal core the strength of the magnetic flux which induces through the magnetic field of the current flowing in the primary conductor in the toroidal core becomes.
  • Residual current circuit breakers therefore interrupt the fault current before dangers to persons and property can occur.
  • the object is to provide a current measuring module of the type mentioned, which can be installed with little effort in a low-voltage distribution and which is also characterized by a high level of reliability.
  • the lead-through opening extending from a side wall of the module housing through the current measuring module on an opposite side wall of the module housing and designed so that when installing the module in the low-voltage distribution of the provided with a conductor insulation conductor electrically isolated from the module through the opening a terminal of a arranged in the low-voltage distributor Erasmusneinbautheses is feasible.
  • Such a module can be used with advantage in low-voltage distributors, in each of which are designed as a modular DIN-mounted switching and protection devices with standardized width installed on mounting rails or sockets.
  • low-voltage distributors the poles of the individual devices along the rail or along the socket in series and have only a small - generally amounting to less than one millimeter - distance
  • the module can because of its suitably formed, the conductor receiving opening without additional Space requirements are placed at the location of the conductor. Because of the arranged on the module housing connecting element, it can be installed quickly in the low-voltage distribution or, if necessary, removed again.
  • a low-voltage distribution already in operation can be easily retrofitted with such a module and ensures the structure of the module galvanic isolation of the module from the conductor so that it is insensitive to the effect of short-circuit currents in an advantageous manner after installation in the low-voltage distribution.
  • the opening is designed in the manner of a slot, a force acting on the module by bending the conductor can be reduced or even completely eliminated.
  • the current measuring module can be fixed to a switchgear and protective device or an additional socket of the low-voltage distributor to form a snap or plug connection with low assembly costs.
  • the module is to be releasably attached to a switching and protective device of the low-voltage distributor, which has a double-decker terminal with two terminal compartments for connecting conductors, then it recommends itself, the connecting element designed as in the direction of the conductor aligned, pluggable web.
  • the bridge is inserted into one of the two terminal compartments and releasably secured in the terminal together with the current conductor routed through the module into the other terminal compartment by means of a terminal screw. Since the web consists of insulating material and is held on the module housing, a temperature sensor can be arranged on the guided into the terminal space end of the web, which detects the terminal temperature of the switching and protective device.
  • the temperature sensor has an output which is connected via a data line accommodated in the web to a microprocessor circuit arranged in the module.
  • a pin-shaped fuse element can be arranged on the module housing, which is guided during installation of the current measuring module in a typically formed as an adjustment housing recess of the switching and protection device ,
  • the module can be fixed directly to the conductor when the connecting element is designed as a recessed in the module housing screw and has a feasible in the lead-through terminal screw. After attaching the module to the conductor, the module can be clamped to the conductor when tightening the terminal screw.
  • the module housing acts as a terminal frame of the screw terminal. In order not to damage the conductor when jamming, it is advisable to use a plastic clamping screw. With such a clamping screw, a defined clamping force can be achieved particularly easily.
  • an interface is arranged in the wall of the module housing.
  • This interface has two power line connections, which are connected to the microprocessor circuit and which can be connected to an external voltage source when installed in the low-voltage distributor.
  • a module designed in this way then detects and processes, independently of the operating state of the low-voltage distributor, the one routed in the current conductor Current, possibly also the temperature of the terminal of the current-controlling switchgear and protective device or other physical state variable of the conductor or the device, such as the voltage applied to the conductor.
  • a display device controlled by the microprocessor circuit is arranged on the surface of the module housing.
  • the interface further comprises two data line connections for the transfer of digital data, since then a data communication of the current measuring module or other current measuring modules of the low-voltage distributor is ensured with a higher-level central unit.
  • a low-voltage distributor having at least one of the above-formed current measuring modules can be manufactured particularly easily if the module is releasably secured to an additional socket of the low-voltage distributor, the DIN rail mounted device or the current conductor.
  • the module a hook or a plug-in part with dovetail-like profile and has the releasable attachment to the hook or the male part containing snap or plug connection, in which the hook engages a nose and the male part an undercut of Rajstecksockels or the modular device form-fitting, so can
  • the module can be installed very quickly in the low-voltage distributor. Before mounting the conductor, it is only necessary to snap open, postpone or place it on the DIN rail mounted device, which is generally designed as a switching and protective device, or on the additional socket.
  • the module has a pluggable web aligned in the direction of the conductor, a particularly firm, detachable fastening of the module to the modular device can be achieved by a clamping connection containing the pluggable web.
  • a clamping connection containing the pluggable web This concerns above all a low-voltage distributor, which a Erasmusneinbauêt with a Double-level terminal has.
  • the bridge is then only in the first two terminal spaces of the double-decker terminal and the conductor in the serving as a power connection of the modular device second terminal space of the double-decker clamp to arrange.
  • By tightening a terminal screw both parts can then be fixed quickly, thus fixing the current measuring module in the low-voltage distributor.
  • the current measuring module can still be easily mounted in the low-voltage distributor, if the connecting element is designed as a screw terminal recessed in the module housing and has a clamping screw which can be guided into the leadthrough opening of the module.
  • the releasable attachment can then be achieved by a clamping connection containing the screw, in which the module is fixed by clamping the conductor in the screw.
  • the current measuring module has an interface with two power connections for connecting an external voltage source and two connections for transferring digital data.
  • a communication module arranged in the low-voltage distributor and connected to the interface by a bus system can then connect the current measuring module to an external voltage source and can at the same time also process the digital data transferred from the current measuring module and into a standardized protocol (WLAN, KNX, Profibus or Powerbus) or one transfer customer-specific protocol.
  • the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrated low-voltage distributor has a Hauptstecksockel H and a rigidly connected to the main socket additional socket Z on.
  • main socket busbars N, L 1 , ..., mounted which are connected to the neutral conductor and the phase conductors of a three-phase system and each feed into a pole of a multi-pole switching and protective device, which is mounted on the main socket H.
  • the switch pole P has a terminal 10 with a broken terminal frame 11 and a projecting into a terminal space 12 clamping screw 13. A far away from the switch pole P to a consumer, not shown, power conductor 20 is fixed with its free of the conductor insulation 21 end 22 in the terminal compartment 12.
  • Fig.2 apparent current measuring module With the reference M is also an off Fig.2 apparent current measuring module called.
  • This module has a predominantly box-shaped module housing 30 into which one Fig.2 apparent opening 31 for the passage of the conductor 20 is formed. This opening is circular or in the manner of a long hole mainly elliptical. Since the current conductor 20 due to the topology of the low-voltage distributor at the terminal 10 having the rear side of the switching and protective device P resp. of the current measuring module M has to be bent downwards mostly, there is more space available in the elongated hole for the current conductor 20 guided through the oblong hole and can thus be reduced or even completely eliminated by a force acting on the module due to the bending of the conductor.
  • Fig.2 It can also be seen that the module housing 30 along the beautsockel Z and perpendicular to the direction of the conductor 20 as wide as the switch pole P.
  • the module housing is protected against contact and takes - as if from Fig.1 can be seen - a perpendicular to the direction of the conductor 30 and the passage opening aligned circuit board 40.
  • On the circuit board 40 a current conductor 20 largely coaxial comprehensive ferromagnetic toroidal core 41 and a microprocessor circuit 42 are arranged.
  • a Hall probe or magnetic probe current sensor 43 In a guided axially through the ring core 41 slot is designed as a Hall probe or magnetic probe current sensor 43 is arranged, whose output is electrically connected to the microprocessor circuit 42.
  • the Microprocessor circuit 42 in turn is out of two Fig.2 apparent data line terminals 51 and 52 connected to a held on the module housing 30 interface 50. As Fig.2 can be removed, the interface 50 also includes two power terminals 53 and 54. These power terminals are on the one hand connected to the microprocessor circuit 42 and the current sensor 43 and on the other hand via a Fig.2 apparent, two data lines and two conductor containing bus 60 and a communication module K connected to a typically 12 or 24 V DC having external voltage source 61. Since the module 30 only detects the magnetic field of the current flowing in the conductor 20 via the ferromagnetic ring core 41, it is galvanically isolated from the conductor 20 and insensitive to the action of short-circuit currents.
  • the module M is fastened to the nose 62 on the additional socket Z when the snap-action hook 32' is snapped on passed through the opening 31 in the terminal space 12 of the terminal 10 and fixed by operation of the clamping screw 13.
  • the voltage source 61 is connected via the communication module K and the bus 60 to the power connections 53, 54 and thus supplies the current sensor 43 and the microprocessor circuit 42 with operating current.
  • Current flowing to the load through the current conductor 20 is detected with the aid of the current sensor 43.
  • the output signals of the current sensor 43 are fed into the microprocessor circuit 42 and are further processed there in the form of digital signals.
  • data is formed in the current measurement module M which corresponds to the current load of the current conductor 20.
  • This current load is displayed on a display device 70 controlled by the microprocessor circuit 42, which is arranged on an upwardly facing cover surface of the module housing 30.
  • the measured current is compared with the permissible rated current and the current load is determined as a percentage of the permissible rated current. If the current load exceeds a limit value, this indicates the display device 70.
  • a particularly simple and yet very effective display device can be realized with the aid of light-emitting diodes 71 to 75, which are distributed uniformly along a straight line in the display device 70. Each of these light-emitting diodes is activated in a certain percentage range, which is 20% each with 5 light-emitting diodes.
  • the LED 71 displays at a current load between 0 and 20% of the rated current, whereas the subsequently arranged light-emitting diodes 72, 73, 74 and 75 in each increased by 20% range of the current load, for example, the light emitting diode 73 between 40 and 60% and the LED 75 between 80 and 100%. Since the light-emitting diode 75 already indicates in a critical range of the current load, it emits a warning signal and, unlike the other four light-emitting diodes 71 to 74, therefore shines not green but red.
  • the current measurement module M can operate independently of externally supplied data and then does not require the data line terminals 51 and 52.
  • the digital measurement values determined by the current measurement module M are to be forwarded, then they are transferred to the bus 60 via the data line connections 51, 52 at the interface 50 and led into the communication module K, in which they are converted into a standardized protocol (WLAN, KNX, Profibus or Powerbus) or any custom protocol.
  • a standardized protocol WLAN, KNX, Profibus or Powerbus
  • the current measurement module M is attached to a switch pole P of a switching and protective device, in which it is exploited that the terminal 10 is a double-level terminal and in addition to the terminal space 12 and the terminal chamber 12 'has.
  • the attached to the module housing 30 connecting element is designed as in the direction of the conductor 20 aligned, pluggable web 33.
  • a part of a low-voltage distributor is shown, which has neither an additional socket nor a switch pole with a suitable mounting option for the current measuring module M.
  • the module can still be easily fixed in the low-voltage distributor, when the connecting element for releasably securing the module in the low-voltage distributor as in the module housing 30 recessed screw 35 is executed and has a feasible in the passage opening 31 of the module M clamping screw 36.
  • the releasable attachment can then be achieved by a clamping connection containing the screw 35, in which the module M is fixed by jamming the conductor in the screw 35.
  • a plug-in part 37 formed with a dovetail-like profile during installation of the Module M is inserted into the low-voltage distributor in an undercut 63 of the held on a mounting rail 64 Druckerpols P from above.
  • the plug connection formed in this way the module M is likewise fastened detachably in the low-voltage distributor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Distribution Board (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Module (M) mesurant un courant qui s'écoule dans un conducteur (20) d'un distributeur basse tension, le module contenant un capteur de courant (43) qui saisit le courant, un circuit (42) à microprocesseur qui traite un signal de sortie délivré par le capteur de courant et un boîtier de module (30) en forme de caisson qui reprend le capteur de courant (43) et le circuit (42) à microprocesseur et qui présente dans une direction perpendiculaire à la direction du conducteur (20) de courant une largeur au plus égale à celle d'un pôle (P) d'un appareil montable en rangée apte à être monté dans le distributeur basse tension et à être relié au conducteur (20) de courant,
    le boîtier (30) de module présentant une ouverture (31) permettant le passage du conducteur (20) de courant ainsi qu'une interface (50) dotée de deux bornes (53, 54) de raccordement de courant raccordées au circuit (42) à microprocesseur et aptes à être raccordées à une source externe (61) de tension, ainsi qu'un élément (32, 32'; 33; 35; 37) d'une liaison permettant une fixation libérable du module (M) dans le distributeur basse tension,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'ouverture de passage (31) part d'une paroi latérale du boîtier (30) de module, traverse le module (M) de mesure de courant, aboutit à une paroi latérale opposée du boîtier (30) de module et est configurée de telle sorte que lorsque le module (M) est monté dans le distributeur basse tension, le conducteur (20) de courant doté d'une isolation (21) de conducteur peut être amené sur une borne de raccordement (10) d'un composant (P) montable en rangée disposé dans le distributeur basse tension en étant séparé galvaniquement du module (M) par l'ouverture (31).
  2. Module selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (31) est configurée comme trou oblong.
  3. Module selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de liaison est configuré comme crochet (32, 32') ou comme pièce enfichable (37) à profil en queue d'aronde.
  4. Module selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de liaison est configuré comme nervure (33) orientée dans la direction du conducteur de courant et enfichable.
  5. Module selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une sonde de température (44) qui présente une sortie reliée au circuit (42) à microprocesseur est disposée dans la nervure (33).
  6. Module selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément enfichable de protection (34) est disposé sur le boîtier (30) de module.
  7. Module selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de liaison est configuré comme dispositif de serrage fileté (35) enfoncé dans le boîtier et présente une vis de serrage (36) qui peut être insérée dans l'ouverture de passage (31) et configurée de préférence comme vis en matière synthétique.
  8. Module selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un ensemble d'affichage (70), de préférence un affichage (70) qui contient des diodes luminescentes (71, 72, 73, 74, 75), commandées par le circuit (42) à microprocesseur est disposé dans la surface du boîtier (30) de module.
  9. Module selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'interface (50) présente deux bornes (51, 52) de raccordement de conducteur de données permettant la transmission de données numériques.
  10. Distributeur basse tension doté d'un module (M) de mesure de courant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le module est fixé de manière libérable sur un socle (Z) d'enfichage supplémentaire du distributeur basse tension, sur l'appareil (P) montable en rangée ou sur le conducteur de courant (20).
  11. Distributeur basse tension selon la revendication 10, dans lequel l'élément de liaison est configuré comme crochet (32, 32'; 37) ou comme pièce enfichable (37) à profil en forme de queue d'aronde, caractérisé en ce que la fixation libérable présente une liaison encliquetable ou enfichable qui contient le crochet (32, 32'; 37) ou la pièce enfichable (37), le crochet engageant en correspondance géométrique un bec (62) et la pièce enfichable (37) engageant une contre-dépouille (63) du socle enfichable supplémentaire (Z) ou de l'appareil (P) montable en rangée.
  12. Distributeur basse tension selon la revendication 10, dans lequel l'élément de liaison est configuré comme nervure (33) orientée dans la direction du conducteur de courant et enfichable, caractérisé en ce que la fixation libérable présente une liaison par serrage contenant la nervure enfichable (33), dans laquelle la nervure (33) est disposée dans le premier (12') de deux espaces de serrage (12, 12') d'une pince double (10) de l'appareil (P) montable en rangée et le conducteur de courant (20) est disposé dans le deuxième espace de serrage (12) de la borne double qui sert à raccorder en courant l'appareil montable en rangée, et est immobilisé à l'aide d'une vis de serrage (13).
  13. Distributeur basse tension selon la revendication 10, dans lequel l'élément de liaison est configuré comme dispositif de serrage fileté (35) enfoncé dans le boîtier et présente une vis de serrage (36) qui peut être insérée dans l'ouverture de passage (31) du module (M), caractérisé en ce que la fixation libérable présente une liaison par serrage qui contient le dispositif de serrage fileté (35) et dans laquelle le module est immobilisé par serrage du conducteur (20) de courant dans le dispositif de serrage fileté.
  14. Distributeur basse tension selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, dans lequel le module présente une interface (50) dotée de deux bornes (53, 54) de raccordement de courant et de deux bornes (51, 52) de raccordement permettant la transmission de données numériques, caractérisé en ce que le distributeur présente un module de communication (K) raccordé à l'interface (50), qui relie le module (M) de mesure de courant à une source externe (60) de tension, prépare les données numériques transmises par le module (M) de mesure de courant et les transmet selon un protocole éventuellement normalisé.
EP09167325.1A 2009-08-06 2009-08-06 Module de mesure du courant s'écoulant dans le conducteur d'un distributeur basse tension Active EP2282321B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09167325.1A EP2282321B1 (fr) 2009-08-06 2009-08-06 Module de mesure du courant s'écoulant dans le conducteur d'un distributeur basse tension
US12/851,210 US8447545B2 (en) 2009-08-06 2010-08-05 Module for measuring the current flowing in a conductor distribution of a low-voltage distribution board
CN2010102549833A CN101995506A (zh) 2009-08-06 2010-08-06 用于测量在低压配电器的导体中流动的电流的模块
CN201510402895.6A CN104965109B (zh) 2009-08-06 2010-08-06 用于测量在低压配电器的导体中流动的电流的模块

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09167325.1A EP2282321B1 (fr) 2009-08-06 2009-08-06 Module de mesure du courant s'écoulant dans le conducteur d'un distributeur basse tension

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2282321A1 EP2282321A1 (fr) 2011-02-09
EP2282321B1 true EP2282321B1 (fr) 2015-10-14

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US (1) US8447545B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2282321B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN101995506A (fr)

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EP2587513A1 (fr) 2011-10-26 2013-05-01 ABB Schweiz AG Commutateur d'installation doté d'une unité de capteur de courant
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WO2016096044A1 (fr) 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Abb Schweiz Ag Dispositif et procédé pour la détermination de puissance électrique
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CN101995506A (zh) 2011-03-30
CN104965109A (zh) 2015-10-07
EP2282321A1 (fr) 2011-02-09
US8447545B2 (en) 2013-05-21
US20110040506A1 (en) 2011-02-17
CN104965109B (zh) 2017-12-12

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