EP2268992B1 - Procédé de réparation d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques - Google Patents
Procédé de réparation d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2268992B1 EP2268992B1 EP09742266.1A EP09742266A EP2268992B1 EP 2268992 B1 EP2268992 B1 EP 2268992B1 EP 09742266 A EP09742266 A EP 09742266A EP 2268992 B1 EP2268992 B1 EP 2268992B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuits
- adjacent
- fluid
- heat exchanger
- adjacent circuits
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F11/00—Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49352—Repairing, converting, servicing or salvaging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of repairing a plate heat exchanger of the type comprising a plurality of plates, defining with sidebars arranged on the plates circuits for the circulation of fluid.
- Plate heat exchangers generally consist of a stack of plates defining passages for fluids.
- corrugated sheets called fins or waves
- the passages thus formed are closed laterally by lateral bars.
- the heat exchanger thus mounted is then brazed to ensure a holding of the assembly and a better thermal contact.
- Heat exchangers of the state of the art can exchange the heat of many fluids. Plate heat exchangers employing more than five fluids are commonly found.
- plate heat exchangers are also used in processes involving only two fluids.
- this type of exchanger corresponds to vaporizer - condenser.
- a first fluid vaporizes by drawing the heat of a second fluid that condenses.
- a leak may appear between a condensation passage and a vaporization passage. It follows a loss of purity of the fluid to vaporize. For some processes, this purity is critical, and such leakage may result in the need to repair or change the plate heat exchanger.
- the condensing passages operate at pressures higher than those of the vaporization passages.
- Plate heat exchangers must therefore be designed in such a way that the vaporisation and condensation passages can withstand the same pressure. Such a design of plate heat exchangers leads to additional costs without improving the thermal performance of said heat exchangers.
- FR-A-1472493 discloses a method of repairing a plate heat exchanger section in which the damaged fluid passage layer is removed from the repairable portion of this section and another section is provided which replaces it.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method of repairing a plate heat exchanger that does not require a particular design of said heat exchanger.
- a repair method according to the invention makes it possible to repair a plate heat exchanger whatever the geometry of the latter.
- the invention will be particularly advantageous for repairing heat exchangers comprising passages without fins.
- a method according to the invention provides for placing the two adjacent circuits at the same pressure, generally between 0.5 and 1.5 bar, resulting in modest mechanical stresses between the two adjacent circuits.
- the invention consists in isolating two adjacent circuits of a heat exchanger and in balancing the pressure between these two adjacent circuits so as to reduce the mechanical stresses between these two circuits.
- the equilibrium pressure between the two circuits is chosen between 0.5 and 1.5 bar so as to further reduce the mechanical stresses within the heat exchanger.
- the two adjacent circuits may be isolated by means of plates welded to the input and output of these two circuits, or by any other means known to those skilled in the art.
- the collector box that can be arranged on the lateral bars of the two adjacent circuits to allow the injection of fluid into the two circuits, can be in the form of a semi-cylindrical volume provided with a means of arrival of fluid.
- the manifold can be arranged astride between the two adjacent circuits.
- the injected fluid may be a chemically inert gas.
- the injection of a chemically inert gas makes it possible to prevent this gas from reacting with the other fluids circulating in said heat exchanger.
- the inert gas is preferably selected to have a condensing temperature lower than the operating temperature of the heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger when used as a vaporizer-condenser of an air separation unit or ASU (Air Separation Unit), nitrogen gas can be used as an inert fluid. Indeed, the condensation temperature of the nitrogen is lower than the operating temperature of the heat exchanger in an air separation apparatus.
- ASU Air Separation Unit
- the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and must be interpreted in a nonlimiting manner and encompassing all the equivalent embodiments.
- the method according to the invention is applicable to any type of plate heat exchanger, whatever its application and its dimensions, the condenser vaporizers of air separation apparatus being only an example of privileged application.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
- La présente invention concerne un procédé de réparation d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques du type comprenant une pluralité de plaques, définissant avec des barres latérales disposées sur les plaques des circuits pour la circulation de fluide.
- Les échangeurs de chaleur à plaques sont généralement constitués d'un empilement de plaques délimitant des passages pour des fluides.
- Afin d'améliorer l'échange thermique entre les fluides, des tôles ondulées, appelées ailettes ou ondes, peuvent être placées en « sandwich » entre lesdites plaques constituant l'échangeur de chaleur. Les passages ainsi formés sont fermés latéralement par des barres latérales. L'échangeur de chaleur ainsi monté est ensuite brasé afin d'assurer une tenue de l'ensemble ainsi qu'un meilleur contact thermique.
- Les échangeurs de chaleur de l'état de la technique permettent d'échanger la chaleur de nombreux fluides. On trouve couramment des échangeurs de chaleur à plaques mettant en oeuvre plus de cinq fluides.
- Cependant, compte tenu de leur grande compacité, les échangeurs de chaleur à plaques sont également utilisés dans des procédés mettant en oeuvre seulement deux fluides. Typiquement ce type d'échangeur correspondent à vaporiseur - condenseur. Dans cette configuration, un premier fluide se vaporise en puisant la chaleur d'un second fluide qui se condense.
- Dans le cas où le brasage des barres latérales des passages de vaporisation est de mauvaise qualité, une fuite peut apparaître entre un passage de condensation et un passage de vaporisation. Il s'en suit une perte de pureté du fluide à vaporiser. Pour certains procédés, cette pureté est critique, et une telle fuite peut entraîner le besoin de réparer ou de changer l'échangeur de chaleur à plaques.
- On pourrait envisager de réparer un échangeur en condamnant le passage de vaporisation dit fuyard en le fermant en entrée et en sortie et en laissant ce passage fuyard en contact avec le passage de condensation qui lui est directement adjacent. Ainsi, les pressions entre les deux passages s'équilibreraient.
- Classiquement, les passages de condensation fonctionnent à des pressions supérieures à celles des passages de vaporisation. Les échangeurs de chaleur à plaques doivent donc être conçus de manière à ce que les passages de vaporisation et de condensation puissent supporter une pression identique. Une telle conception des échangeurs de chaleur à plaques entraîne un surcoût sans pour autant améliorer les performances thermiques desdits échangeurs.
-
FR-A-1472493 - Un but de la présente invention est de proposer un procédé de réparation d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques qui ne nécessite pas une conception particulière dudit échangeur.
- L'invention propose ainsi un procédé de réparation d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques du type comprenant une pluralité de plaques, définissant avec des barres latérales, disposées sur les plaques, des circuits pour la circulation de fluides, dont l'un des circuits présente une fuite vers un circuit adjacent, comprenant au moins les étapes successives suivantes :
- on isole les deux circuits adjacents,
- on injecte un même fluide à une pression comprise entre 0,5 bar et 1,5 bar dans les deux circuits adjacents.
- Avantageusement, un procédé de réparation selon l'invention permet de réparer un échangeur de chaleur à plaques quelle que soit la géométrie de ce dernier. En particulier, l'invention sera particulièrement avantageuse pour réparer des échangeurs de chaleur comprenant des passages sans ailettes. En effet, un procédé selon l'invention prévoit de mettre les deux circuits adjacents à une même pression, comprise généralement entre 0,5 et 1,5 bar, entraînant des contraintes mécaniques modestes entre les deux circuits adjacents.
- Un procédé selon l'invention peut en outre comporter l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques optionnelles suivantes, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons possibles :
- après avoir isolé les deux circuits adjacents on dispose une boite collectrice sur les barres latérales des deux circuits adjacents, permettant ainsi l'injection d'un même fluide dans lesdits circuits adjacents ;
- le fluide que l'on injecte dans les deux circuits adjacents est un gaz inerte ;
- le fluide que l'on injecte dans les deux circuits adjacents est de l'azote gazeux.
- L'invention consiste à isoler deux circuits adjacents d'un échangeur de chaleur et à équilibrer la pression entre ces deux circuits adjacents de manière à réduire les contraintes mécaniques entre ces deux circuits. Avantageusement, la pression d'équilibre entre les deux circuits est choisie entre 0,5 et 1,5 bar de manière à réduire encore les contraintes mécaniques au sein de l'échangeur de chaleur.
- Les deux circuits adjacents pourront être isolés au moyen de plaques soudées à l'entrée et à la sortie de ces deux circuits, ou par tout autre moyen connu de l'homme du métier.
- La boîte collectrice que l'on peut disposer sur les barres latérales des deux circuits adjacents afin de permettre l'injection du fluide dans les deux circuits, peut se présenter sous la forme d'un volume semi-cylindrique pourvu d'un moyen d'arrivée de fluide.
- Avantageusement, la boîte collectrice peut être disposée à cheval entre les deux circuits adjacents.
- Le fluide injecté peut être un gaz chimiquement inerte.
- Avantageusement, l'injection d'un gaz chimiquement inerte permet d'éviter que ce gaz ne réagisse avec les autres fluides circulant dans ledit échangeur de chaleur.
- Le gaz inerte est choisi de préférence de manière à présenter une température de condensation inférieure à la température de fonctionnement de l'échangeur de chaleur.
- Par exemple, lorsque l'échangeur de chaleur est utilisé comme vaporiseur-condenseur d'une unité de séparation d'air ou ASU (Air Separation Unit), l'azote gazeux peut être utilisé comme fluide inerte. En effet, la température de condensation de l'azote est inférieure à la température de fonctionnement de l'échangeur de chaleur dans un appareil de séparation d'air.
- L'invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation décrit et doit être interprétée de façon non limitative et englobant tous les modes de réalisation équivalent. En particulier, le procédé selon l'invention est applicable à tout type d'échangeur de chaleur à plaques, quelles que soient son application et ses dimensions, les vaporiseurs condenseurs d'appareil de séparation d'air n'étant qu'un exemple d'application privilégié.
Claims (5)
- Procédé de réparation d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques du type comprenant une pluralité de plaques définissant avec des barres latérales, disposées sur les plaques, des circuits pour la circulation de fluides, dont l'un des circuits présente une fuite vers un circuit adjacent, comprenant au moins les étapes successives suivantes :- on isole les deux circuits adjacents présentant la fuite,- on injecte un même fluide à une pression comprise entre 0,5 bar et 1,5 bar dans les deux circuits adjacents.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'après avoir isolé les deux circuits adjacents on dispose une boite collectrice sur les barres latérales des deux circuits adjacents, permettant ainsi l'injection d'un même fluide dans lesdits circuits adjacents.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le fluide que l'on injecte dans les deux circuits adjacents est un gaz inerte.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fluide que l'on injecte dans les deux circuits adjacents est de l'azote gazeux.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur est un vaporiseur-condenseur d'une unité de séparation d'air.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0852845A FR2930632B1 (fr) | 2008-04-28 | 2008-04-28 | Procede de reparation d'un echangeur de chaleur a plaques |
PCT/FR2009/050608 WO2009136068A1 (fr) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-04-08 | Procédé de réparation d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2268992A1 EP2268992A1 (fr) | 2011-01-05 |
EP2268992B1 true EP2268992B1 (fr) | 2014-05-07 |
Family
ID=40225347
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09742266.1A Not-in-force EP2268992B1 (fr) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-04-08 | Procédé de réparation d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8782888B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2268992B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2011519014A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102016481B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2930632B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009136068A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2930632B1 (fr) * | 2008-04-28 | 2010-05-07 | Air Liquide | Procede de reparation d'un echangeur de chaleur a plaques |
FI124230B (fi) * | 2012-05-28 | 2014-05-15 | Vahterus Oy | Menetelmä ja järjestely lämmönsiirtimen levypakan korjaamiseksi sekä levylämmönsiirrin |
JP5982221B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-21 | 2016-08-31 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | プレートフィン熱交換器及びプレートフィン熱交換器の補修方法 |
CN109737781B (zh) * | 2019-03-11 | 2023-11-24 | 江苏欧迈格板式换热器制造有限公司 | 多隔板换热面积可调型板式换热器 |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1125175A (en) * | 1966-01-27 | 1968-08-28 | Marston Excelsior Ltd | Improvements in heat exchangers |
FR1472493A (fr) * | 1966-03-22 | 1967-03-10 | Trane Co | échangeur de chaleur du type à plaques et son procédé de construction et de réparation |
US3590914A (en) * | 1969-10-01 | 1971-07-06 | Trane Co | Countercurrent flow plate-type heat exchanger with leak detector |
NL158287B (nl) * | 1975-02-05 | 1978-10-16 | Neratoom | Werkwijze voor het afdichten van lekke pijpen, reparatie-eenheid ten gebruike bij de werkwijzen en inrichting gerepareerd door toepassing van de werkwijze. |
US4090554A (en) * | 1976-11-17 | 1978-05-23 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Heat exchanger |
US4226113A (en) * | 1979-04-11 | 1980-10-07 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Leak detecting arrangement especially suitable for a steam condenser and method |
JPS61254830A (ja) * | 1985-05-08 | 1986-11-12 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 熱交換器伝熱管盲栓部の耐圧試験方法 |
GB2208005A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1989-02-15 | Apv Uk | Plate heat transfer apparatus |
CA1296583C (fr) * | 1988-06-16 | 1992-03-03 | Raymond Joseph Chalifoux | Dispositif servant a detecter les fuites dans un echangeur de chaleur |
JP3017272B2 (ja) * | 1990-11-07 | 2000-03-06 | 株式会社ゼクセル | 熱交換器 |
US5730209A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1998-03-24 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Defrost and liquid distribution for plate-fin heat exchangers |
JPH116693A (ja) * | 1997-04-23 | 1999-01-12 | Denso Corp | 車両空調用熱交換器 |
JP4081805B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-17 | 2008-04-30 | 株式会社デンソー | 熱交換器の修理方法 |
JP2001182994A (ja) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-06 | Fujitsu General Ltd | 空気調和機 |
FR2823847B1 (fr) * | 2001-04-23 | 2003-09-05 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Procede et dispositif de detection de fuite dans un echangeur de chaleur, notamment a plaques |
WO2005094983A2 (fr) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-10-13 | Velocys, Inc. | Surfaces protegees en alliage dans un appareil a microcanaux et catalyseurs, catalyseurs supportes sur alumine, intermediaires catalytiques et procedes de formation de catalyseurs et appareil a microcanaux |
US20070169916A1 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Wand Steven M | Double-wall, vented heat exchanger |
US7779893B2 (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2010-08-24 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Combination heat exchanger having an improved end tank assembly |
FR2930632B1 (fr) * | 2008-04-28 | 2010-05-07 | Air Liquide | Procede de reparation d'un echangeur de chaleur a plaques |
JP5128544B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-20 | 2013-01-23 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | プレートフィン熱交換器 |
-
2008
- 2008-04-28 FR FR0852845A patent/FR2930632B1/fr active Active
-
2009
- 2009-04-08 US US12/989,674 patent/US8782888B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-04-08 CN CN200980115251.1A patent/CN102016481B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-04-08 JP JP2011506746A patent/JP2011519014A/ja active Pending
- 2009-04-08 EP EP09742266.1A patent/EP2268992B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-04-08 WO PCT/FR2009/050608 patent/WO2009136068A1/fr active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2011519014A (ja) | 2011-06-30 |
US8782888B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 |
FR2930632A1 (fr) | 2009-10-30 |
CN102016481A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
EP2268992A1 (fr) | 2011-01-05 |
WO2009136068A1 (fr) | 2009-11-12 |
FR2930632B1 (fr) | 2010-05-07 |
US20110258853A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
CN102016481B (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
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