EP2268973A2 - Verfahren zur schadstoffarmen verbrennung mit flüssigem brennstoff und brennkammervorrichtung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur schadstoffarmen verbrennung mit flüssigem brennstoff und brennkammervorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2268973A2 EP2268973A2 EP09723503A EP09723503A EP2268973A2 EP 2268973 A2 EP2268973 A2 EP 2268973A2 EP 09723503 A EP09723503 A EP 09723503A EP 09723503 A EP09723503 A EP 09723503A EP 2268973 A2 EP2268973 A2 EP 2268973A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- fuel
- nozzle
- liquid
- jet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
- F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
- F23D11/102—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/30—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising fuel prevapourising devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/99001—Cold flame combustion or flameless oxidation processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/03282—High speed injection of air and/or fuel inducing internal recirculation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for low-emission combustion in which fuel and oxidizer are coupled into a combustion chamber to form one or more Abgasrezirkulationszonen, wherein a liquid is used as fuel.
- the invention further relates to a combustion chamber device for the low-emission combustion of a liquid fuel with formation of one or more Abgasrezirkulationszonen.
- a fuel-oxidizer mixture may mix with the recirculating exhaust gas.
- recirculated exhaust gases in the fuel-oxidizer mixture can form a long-range homogeneous combustion in the combustion chamber, which counteracts the emergence of hot spots. This, in turn, gives good exhaust emissions with respect to CO and NOx. In particular, such a flameless oxidation can be realized.
- DE 102 17 913 A1 discloses a combustion chamber for a gas turbine, in which a large-area circulating flow (recirculation flow) can be formed in an interior space in order to maintain a flameless oxidation process.
- WO 2006/042796 A2 discloses a premix burner with a jet generator consisting of conical shells with a half cone angle and a mixing section following the jet generator in the direction of flow.
- a burner which includes a combustion chamber having a dome at an upstream end and an outlet at a downstream end. Several premixers are connected to the burner dome.
- DE 44 40 558 A1 discloses a premix burner of the double-cone type for operating an internal combustion engine.
- a method for burning a fuel in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine in which at least one free jet of a fuel-air mixture is injected into the combustion chamber at an inlet end of a combustion chamber of the combustion chamber such that the at least one free jet induces a recirculation zone in which an internal combustion chamber recirculation of combustion exhaust gases from a combustion zone into a mixing zone located upstream of the combustion zone takes place.
- air is injected in a countercurrent direction with respect to the at least one free jet on a side of the recirculation zone facing away from the at least one free jet.
- a method of burning liquid fuel in which the liquid fuel is atomized together with a sputtering gas in a mixing chamber to form a mixture of atomized droplets of liquid fuel in a sputtering gas.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, with which there is a minimized pollutant emission when using liquid fuel.
- the fuel is atomized with a gaseous propellant and at least one multiphase jet of liquid droplets and propellant in the combustion chamber with an inlet velocity in the combustion chamber in the range between (inclusive) 30 m / s and Is injected at 80 m / s and / or in at least one cross section of the multiphase jet before or when entering the combustion chamber sound velocity prevails.
- the liquid fuel is first atomized and then a multiphase jet of gaseous propellant and liquid drops is blown into the combustion chamber.
- the multiphase beam can be formed as a high-pulse beam, through which one or more exhaust gas recirculation zones are formed in the combustion chamber.
- a low-emission combustion and in particular a flameless combustion can be realized even with the use of liquid fuel.
- the droplet size is sufficiently small, a liquid loading in a beam cross section of the multiphase jet can be achieved with a high degree of homogeneity.
- a low-emission flameless combustion can be achieved.
- a high entry speed of the at least one multi-phase beam is favorable.
- the entrance velocity of the at least one multiphase beam is at or slightly below the speed of sound of the multiphase mixture of the multiphase beam.
- the speed of sound of the multiphase mixture is far below the speed of sound of the individual media which form the multiphase beam.
- Typical values of the entry velocity are between 30 m / s and 80 m / s.
- a beam propagation angle of the at least one multi-phase beam is at most 30 ° in order to obtain these favorable mixing ratios and combustion ratios.
- fuel and oxidizer are coupled into the combustion chamber without swirling in order to achieve favorable mixing ratios and combustion conditions in the combustion chamber.
- the multi-phase beam is designed as a preferably slender cone beam with a circular beam cross section or as a flat beam, for example with an elliptical cross section. This results in advantageous mixing ratios.
- the maximum deviation of the liquid loading in a jet cross-section of the multiphase jet as it enters the combustion chamber is at most 50% of an average value of the liquid charge. This results in favorable mixing and combustion conditions to achieve a low-emission flameless combustion. It is particularly advantageous if the propellant is oxidant gas such as air, pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched gas.
- the multiphase jet is then already a homogeneous fuel-oxidizer mixture jet.
- the propellant is a vapor.
- the energy required to provide a gaseous medium under high pressure is correspondingly high.
- the high pressure in turn is necessary to form a high-pulse multi-phase beam.
- a high pre-pressure is necessary in order to achieve sonic velocity and thus pressure jumps in the multiphase mixture in a nozzle cross section of a sputtering device, which in turn is necessary for fine atomization.
- the energy expenditure is lower if, starting from a liquid, this is first pressurized and then the pressurized liquid is vaporized.
- the corresponding vapor can then be used as a gaseous propellant.
- a starting medium for the propellant medium is a liquid which is initially pressurized (as a liquid) and subsequently vaporized.
- the pressurization can be carried out in a simple and energy-efficient manner, for example via a liquid pump.
- liquid fuel is atomized in a two-substance atomization device.
- Such a two-component atomizing device or pneumatic atomizing device provides a high-speed multiphase jet while at the same time liquid droplets of sufficiently small size are contained in the propellant medium jet.
- the propellant is provided under high pressure to provide the high pulse stream.
- the two-substance atomizing device has at least one coarse mixing space and at least one nozzle, wherein gaseous propellant medium and fuel in the at least one coarse mixing space are roughly mixed with one another and a bubble-liquid mixture (multiphase mixture) over at least one Nozzle is atomized and injected into the combustion chamber.
- liquid and gaseous propellant are combined at a relatively low velocity in the coarse mixing space and accelerated to a high velocity and in particular velocity of sound of the two-phase mixture.
- a pressure jump is generated, which causes the expansion of the mixture into the gas atmosphere of the combustion chamber, the division of the liquid phase into fine droplets.
- the velocity is then less than the speed of sound.
- the liquid fuel is injected through lateral bores in a Venturi nozzle transversely to the main flow direction in a Oxidatorgasströmung.
- the orientation of the at least one multi-phase beam has a circumferential direction component which is at an angle between (inclusive) 0 ° and 40 ° to an axial direction of the combustion chamber.
- the direction of the multiphase beam has a circumferential direction component (the angle is greater than 0 °)
- the flow can be calmed and thereby prevent unstable interactions of adjacent multiphase beams.
- the orientation of the at least one multi-phase beam has a radial direction component which is at an angle between (inclusive) 0 ° and ⁇ 45 ° to an axial direction of the combustion chamber.
- an exhaust gas circulation zone can be selectively conveyed by the corresponding injection. For example, if a multiphase beam is blown at a finite angle (greater than 0 °) in the direction away from an axial axis of the combustion chamber, then an exhaust gas recirculation zone may be promoted at or near the axial axis of the combustion chamber.
- a multi-phase beam is injected at an angle and in particular an arrangement of polyphase jets inclined at an angle from an axial direction of the combustion chamber when an exhaust gas recirculation zone located at or in the vicinity of the axial axis is to be reinforced is inclined at an angle to the axial axis, when an exhaust gas recirculation zone located at or in the vicinity of an outer wall is to be reinforced.
- a targeted exhaust gas recirculation zone gain can be achieved by appropriate angle injection of the multiphase jet (s).
- a further object of the invention is to provide a combustion chamber device of the type mentioned above, with which liquid fuel can advantageously be used.
- This object is achieved according to the invention in the combustion chamber device mentioned above in that the injection device comprises a two-substance atomization device, through which at least one multiphase jet with fuel droplets and gaseous propellant medium can be injected into the combustion chamber.
- the injection device is designed such that the at least one multiphase jet can be inflated without swirling. This results in optimized mixing ratios and combustion conditions in the combustion chamber.
- the injection device prefferably be designed in such a way that the at least one multiphase jet can be blown in at least one cross-section prior to or at the speed of sound when entering the combustion chamber.
- optimized combustion conditions and mixing ratios in the combustion chamber can be realized.
- the two-substance atomizing device has at least one coarse mixing space and at least one nozzle, wherein fuel and fuel are introduced into the coarse mixing space and the liquid is atomized by the at least one nozzle and a multiphase jet
- the at least one coarse mixing space is a nozzle space (integrated space) of an associated nozzle is or directly connected to such a nozzle chamber.
- a corresponding Zweistoffzerstäubungs Rhein is also referred to as internally mixing.
- the coarse mixing space is in this case connected via the nozzle with the combustion chamber, wherein in this nozzle speed of sound is achieved in the multi-phase mixture.
- the at least one coarse mixing space is arranged outside of an associated nozzle.
- a corresponding Zweistoffzerstäubungs Rhein is also referred to as external mixing.
- the coarse mixing and acceleration of the multiphase mixture to the speed of sound as well as the atomization of the fuel do not take place here clearly spatially separated.
- An externally mixing two-substance atomizing device has the advantage that the radial dimensions can be kept low at least in the vicinity of the combustion chamber, so that, for example, a plurality of nozzles for the injection device can be provided.
- the two-substance atomizing device has at least one connection for coupling in liquid fuel and at least one connection for gaseous propellant medium. As a result, a mixture and a subsequent atomization can be achieved.
- an orifice opening of the at least one nozzle is oriented at an angle between (inclusive) 0 ° and 40 ° between an axial direction of the combustion chamber and a circumferential direction of the combustion chamber, ie the nozzle is aligned accordingly. If the angle is at 0 °, then the corresponding multiphase jet has no circumferential direction component in the combustion chamber. If this angle finally is, then it has a circumferential direction component.
- the latter can be advantageous, for example, if the flow has to be calmed and unstable interactions of adjacent multiphase beams are to be avoided.
- an orifice of the at least one nozzle is oriented at an angle between (inclusive) 0 ° and ⁇ 45 ° between an axial direction of the combustion chamber and a radial direction of the combustion chamber. If the angle is at 0 °, then a corresponding multi-phase beam has no radial direction component. If this angle is finite, then it can be directed away from or toward an axial axis of the combustion chamber. As a result, depending on the arrangement of the nozzle and in particular its distance from the axial axis, reinforcement of edge-side or central exhaust gas recirculation zones can be achieved.
- the two-substance atomizing device is designed such that the at least one multiphase jet can be injected into the combustion chamber at a speed of between (inclusive) 30 m / s and 80 m / s.
- a strong exhaust gas recirculation flow can be formed so as to again achieve flameless oxidation.
- the droplet size of 90% of all droplets in the multiphase jet is at most 50 ⁇ m and in particular in the size order of 20 ⁇ m.
- the combustion chamber device comprises a steam generating device, which in turn comprises a pressurizing device for a liquid and an evaporation device for generating vapor from the liquid, wherein the steam serves as a driving medium.
- the steam generating device can be in an energetically advantageous manner from the liquid gaseous propellant (namely vapor Drive medium).
- the liquid can be energetically advantageous pressurized, for example via a pump. The vapor is then generated from the pressurized liquid.
- a plurality of nozzles is provided, whose mouth openings are arranged distributed in the combustion chamber on a circle. If the combustion chamber is rotationally symmetrical, then this results in flow conditions of high symmetry.
- exhaust gas recirculation zones can be formed in which large parts of the combustion gas are recirculated in a combustion zone in order to achieve flameless oxidation. Mouth openings of the nozzles are in particular spaced from an axial axis of the combustion chamber.
- Figure 1 is a schematic partial sectional view of a first embodiment of a combustion chamber device according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic partial sectional view of a second embodiment of a combustion chamber device according to the invention.
- Figure 3 is a partial schematic representation of an embodiment of a supply part of a combustion chamber device according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view from an interior of a combustion chamber onto an injection device
- Figure 5 is a plan view of a portion of the combustion chamber in the
- FIG. 6 shows a first example of a two-component atomizing device
- FIG. 7 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a two-component atomizing device.
- the embodiment of a combustion chamber device according to the invention which is shown schematically in a partial sectional view in FIG. 1 and denoted by 10 there, comprises a combustion chamber 11 with a combustion chamber 12.
- the combustion chamber 12 is designed to be rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis 14.
- the axis 14 defines an axial direction.
- the combustion chamber 12 is bounded by combustion chamber walls 16.
- An outlet region 18 of the combustion chamber device 10 is adapted to the application.
- the combustion chamber device 10 For injecting fuel and oxidizer, the combustion chamber device 10 has a blowing device 20.
- the injection device 20 is in fluid-effective connection with an end plate 22, which forms a combustion chamber wall (see also FIG. 4).
- the injection device 20 comprises at least one nozzle 24 with a mouth opening 26 into the combustion chamber 12.
- the (at least one) mouth opening 26 is formed on the front plate 22.
- the mouth opening 26 is radially spaced from the axis 14.
- the injector 20 comprises a plurality of nozzles 24, the mouth openings 26 of which are arranged on a circular line 28 (FIG. 4).
- a center 30 of the circular line 28 lies on the axis 14th The diameter of circle 28 depends on the application.
- a fuel-oxidizer mixture it is in principle possible for a fuel-oxidizer mixture to be blown into the combustion chamber 12 through the nozzles 24. It is also possible that fuel and oxidizer are injected through separate nozzles.
- nozzles 32 for the separate injection of oxidizer are indicated.
- the nozzles 32 are preferably also on a circular line. Preferably, they lie on the circular line 28, wherein in each case a nozzle 32 for injecting oxidant is located between adjacent nozzles 24 for injecting fuel.
- the combustion chamber device 10 is operated with liquid fuel.
- the blowing device 20 comprises a two-component atomizing device 34.
- a multiphase jet with a gaseous propellant and atomized liquid droplets of fuel is produced.
- This multi-phase jet is injected via the respective nozzle 24 into the combustion chamber 12.
- Such bi-fuel atomizers 34 which produce a multiphase jet are also referred to as pneumatic atomizers (because of the gaseous propellant).
- nozzle means are provided which each comprise nozzles for injecting the multiphase jet, which are arranged concentrically to the permissible injection of an oxidizer gas.
- the two-substance atomization device 34 comprises a coarse mixing space 36 with a first connection 38, via which gaseous propellant medium can be introduced. Furthermore, a second connection 40 is provided, via which liquid fuel is coupled into the coarse mixing space 36. In the coarse mixing space 36, the formation of a bubble-liquid mixture takes place. About the nozzle 32 is the mixture is injected as a multi-phase jet with atomized fuel droplets.
- the two-component atomizing device 34 is internally mixing.
- the mixing space 36 forms a nozzle space 42 or is in direct communication with the nozzle space 42 of the nozzle 24.
- the at least one multiphase beam 44 is generated via the two-substance atomizing device 34. It is blown into the combustion chamber 12 at high speed.
- the speed is in the range between 30 m / s and 80 m / s and in particular in the order of 50 m / s to 60 m / s.
- the velocity of the multiphase jet as it is injected into the combustion chamber 12 is at or slightly below the speed of sound of the multiphase mixture. (The speed of sound of the pure propellant is usually above the speed of sound of the multiphase mixture.)
- Atomization takes place in such a way that 90% of the injected droplets in the multiphase jet 44 have a droplet diameter of less than 50 ⁇ m and in particular of the order of 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the nozzle 24 is configured to preferentially generate a low-divergence jet. Preferred is a circular cross section.
- a beam spread angle should be less than 30 °, ie the beam divergence should be below 30 °.
- the beam divergence is indicated by an angle by the reference numeral 46.
- the combustion chamber 12 is designed in cooperation with the injection device 20 so that an exhaust gas recirculation can take place in it.
- the exhaust gas recirculation is indicated by a flow with the reference numeral 48a, 48b.
- the multi-phase jets 24 are injected into the combustion chamber 12 so that the fuel and oxidizer mix with the recirculating exhaust gas in the respective exhaust gas recirculation zones 48a, 48b. This results in homogeneous combustion conditions in the combustion chamber 12. This counteracts the emergence of hot spots. This, in turn, gives good exhaust emissions with respect to CO and NOx. It can realize a flameless oxidation.
- the dual atomizing device 34 comprises a plurality of two-component atomizers 50 with respective coarse mixing chamber 36 and downstream nozzle 24.
- the driving medium used is, for example, oxidizer (such as an oxidizing gas) and in particular air (or an oxygen-enriched gas).
- oxidizer such as an oxidizing gas
- air or an oxygen-enriched gas
- the nozzle 24 is arranged such that a main direction 52 of a multi-phase beam 44 is at least approximately parallel to the axis 14.
- the combustion chamber 12 is basically designed as in the combustion chamber device 10.
- the two-substance atomization device is also fundamentally the same.
- the same reference numerals are used for the same elements.
- the two-component atomizing device 34 of the combustion chamber device 54 has (at least one) two-component atomizer 56, which is inclined with respect to the axis 14 in such a way that a main direction 58 of a multi-phase beam 44 is inclined relative to the axis 14.
- An angle of inclination 60 is between 0 and 45 °, wherein in the embodiment according to Figure 1, the angle is 0 °.
- the inclination angle refers to an angle between the axial direction and the radial direction, that is the Main direction 58 is inclined in the radial direction perpendicular to the axis 14 and thereby has a radial component.
- the orientation of the angle of inclination depends on the arrangement of nozzles 24 on the circular line 28. If the circular line 28 has a relatively small diameter (compared to the diameter of the combustion chamber 12), then it may be advantageous if the angle of inclination 60 is oriented so that the main direction 48 pointing away from the axis 14 into an outer region 62 of the combustion chamber 12, wherein the outer region 62 is located on the combustion chamber wall 16 or adjacent thereto.
- the diameter of the circular line 28 is relatively large (compared to the diameter of the combustion chamber 12) and in particular the nozzles 24 are then in the vicinity of the combustion chamber wall 16, then it may be advantageous, as indicated in Figure 2, when the inclination angle 60 is set is that the main direction 58 points to the axis 14 to.
- an optimal coupling of fuel and oxidizer via multi-phase jets 44 in exhaust gas recirculation zones can take place by suitable choice of the angle of inclination 60 in order to realize flameless oxidation and thus low-emission combustion.
- orifice openings 64 are configured such that a main direction 66 of a multi-phase jet between the axis 14 and a circumferential direction 68 (e ⁇ ) of the combustion chamber is inclined at an angle 70.
- the angle is in particular between 0 and about 40 ° and preferably between 0 and 30 °.
- the main direction 66 has no component in the circumferential direction. (It may have a component in the radial direction.) If the main direction 66 has a component in the circumferential direction 68 (finite angle 70), then the flow may calm down and unstable interactions of adjacent multiphase beams may be avoided.
- gaseous oxidizer and in particular air can be used.
- a steam is used as the driving medium.
- An output medium for the propellant is then a liquid.
- the corresponding combustion chamber device is then assigned a steam generating device 72 (FIG. 3).
- This comprises a preheater 74, which is supplied to liquid starting medium. It is heated at the preheater 74, whereby it is not evaporated.
- the heated liquid is pressurized by a pressurizing device 76, which includes, for example, a pump 78.
- the pressurized liquid is then vaporized via an evaporator 80.
- the vapor is supplied to a two-substance atomizer 50, where it serves as a driving medium.
- the vaporous propellant is gaseous.
- the energy-intensive compression of a gaseous medium as the driving medium is avoided by the fact that the starting medium is a liquid which is pressurized before evaporation.
- the pressurization, for example, by the pump 78 can be carried out with little energy.
- process waste heat can be used for evaporation at the evaporator device 80 and also for the preheater 74.
- Driving medium is used, then advantageously in separate nozzles 32 ( Figure 4) oxidizer is blown into the combustion chamber 12.
- the multiphase jet nozzles may also be concentrically integrated into larger (pure) oxidizer nozzles.
- An embodiment of a nebulizer 82 (FIG. 6) is internally mixing.
- a mixture space 84 into which gaseous propellant and liquid fuel are coupled forms a nozzle space 86 or is in direct fluid communication with a nozzle space 86.
- a nozzle 90 having a mouth 92 is provided in an alternative embodiment of a nebulizer 88 (FIG. 7).
- a coarse mixing space 94 for fuel and oxidizer is outside of the atomizer 88. In the coarse mixing space 94, mixing and atomization takes place.
- the corresponding atomizer 88 is referred to as external mixing.
- a multiphase jet containing fuel droplets is blown into the combustion chamber 12 at high speed (in particular at a speed between approximately 30 m / s and 80 m / s) at the outlet of a nozzle 24.
- exhaust gas recirculation zones 48a, 48b are formed.
- the multiphase jet can contain oxidizer, which is the propellant, or oxidizer can be injected separately. Due to the exhaust gas recirculation flameless oxidation is realized, which is low in pollutants.
- the inventive solution ensures that a high exhaust gas recirculation flow results within the combustion chamber and the combustion is distributed over a large volume in the combustion chamber 12. This avoids high pollutant emissions, incomplete combustion or undesirable temperature maxima, for example at a combustion chamber outlet.
- the generated multi-phase beam 44 is a high-pulse beam. This is generated by a two-component atomizer (pneumatic atomizer) and injected into the combustion chamber 12. Alternatively, the multiphase jet can also be generated in a Venturi nozzle with transverse fuel injection.
- the solution according to the invention can be used in principle for all types and sizes of furnaces and small burners such as household furnaces. It can be used, for example, for stationary gas turbines or aircraft engines.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008015577A DE102008015577A1 (de) | 2008-03-18 | 2008-03-18 | Verfahren zur schadstoffarmen Verbrennung mit flüssigem Brennstoff und Brennkammervorrichtung |
| PCT/EP2009/053160 WO2009115532A2 (de) | 2008-03-18 | 2009-03-17 | Verfahren zur schadstoffarmen verbrennung mit flüssigem brennstoff und brennkammervorrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2268973A2 true EP2268973A2 (de) | 2011-01-05 |
Family
ID=40796305
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09723503A Withdrawn EP2268973A2 (de) | 2008-03-18 | 2009-03-17 | Verfahren zur schadstoffarmen verbrennung mit flüssigem brennstoff und brennkammervorrichtung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2268973A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102008015577A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009115532A2 (de) |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1926728B1 (de) * | 1969-05-24 | 1971-03-25 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Brennkammer fuer Strahltriebwerke,insbesondere fuer Raketen-Staustrahltriebwerke |
| EP0463218B1 (de) | 1990-06-29 | 1994-11-23 | Joachim Dr.-Ing. Wünning | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von Brennstoff in einem Verbrennungsraum |
| IL110797A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1997-09-30 | Electric Power Res Inst | Fluid atomizer |
| US5943866A (en) * | 1994-10-03 | 1999-08-31 | General Electric Company | Dynamically uncoupled low NOx combustor having multiple premixers with axial staging |
| DE4440558A1 (de) * | 1994-11-12 | 1996-05-15 | Abb Research Ltd | Vormischbrenner |
| DE19719197A1 (de) * | 1997-05-09 | 1998-11-12 | Abb Research Ltd | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben der Brennkammer einer Gasturbinenanlage mit Flüssigbrennstoff |
| DE19858120A1 (de) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-06-21 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von nicht brennbaren Flüssigkeiten |
| US6813889B2 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2004-11-09 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Gas turbine combustor and operating method thereof |
| DE10217913B4 (de) | 2002-04-23 | 2004-10-07 | WS Wärmeprozesstechnik GmbH | Gasturbine mit Brennkammer zur flammenlosen Oxidation |
| EP1802915B1 (de) * | 2004-10-18 | 2016-11-30 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Brenner für gasturbine |
| DE102005008421A1 (de) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-08-31 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Verfahren zum Verbrennen eines Brennstoffs und zugehörige Brennkammer |
-
2008
- 2008-03-18 DE DE102008015577A patent/DE102008015577A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2009
- 2009-03-17 EP EP09723503A patent/EP2268973A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-03-17 WO PCT/EP2009/053160 patent/WO2009115532A2/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009115532A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102008015577A1 (de) | 2009-10-22 |
| WO2009115532A3 (de) | 2011-07-07 |
| WO2009115532A2 (de) | 2009-09-24 |
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