EP2265855B1 - Procédé de vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique par échange de chaleur avec un fluide calorigène - Google Patents

Procédé de vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique par échange de chaleur avec un fluide calorigène Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2265855B1
EP2265855B1 EP09726865A EP09726865A EP2265855B1 EP 2265855 B1 EP2265855 B1 EP 2265855B1 EP 09726865 A EP09726865 A EP 09726865A EP 09726865 A EP09726865 A EP 09726865A EP 2265855 B1 EP2265855 B1 EP 2265855B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
series
passage
passages
separated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09726865A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2265855A1 (fr
Inventor
Marc Wagner
Philippe Grigoletto
Alain Briglia
Daniel Machon Diez De Baldeon
Maurice Bosquain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Publication of EP2265855A1 publication Critical patent/EP2265855A1/fr
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Publication of EP2265855B1 publication Critical patent/EP2265855B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F25J3/0426—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation
    • F25J3/04266—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation and being liquefied hydrocarbons
    • F25J3/04272—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation and being liquefied hydrocarbons and comprising means for reducing the risk of pollution of hydrocarbons into the air fractionation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/005—Arrangements for preventing direct contact between different heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05—Regasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/42—One fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/90—Details about safety operation of the installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for vaporizing a cryogenic liquid, for example liquefied natural gas, by heat exchange with a heat-generating fluid, for example nitrogen gas.
  • a cryogenic liquid for example liquefied natural gas
  • a heat-generating fluid for example nitrogen gas
  • Tubular geometries are not very thermally efficient and often lead to expensive oversizing.
  • a method of heating a first fluid by heat exchange with a second fluid in a plate and fin heat exchanger in which the first fluid is heated in a first series of separate passages. and the second fluid cools in a second series of separate passages characterized in that each passage of the first series is separated from the passage closest to the second series by an auxiliary passage containing fins in which circulates an inert gas.
  • a method of starting a plate and fin heat exchanger in which in full speed a first fluid is heated by heat exchange with a second fluid in a plate heat exchanger and fins, the first fluid heating in a first series of separate passages and the second fluid cooling in a second series of separate passages characterized in that each passage of the first series is separated from the passage closest to the second series by a auxiliary passage containing fins and wherein during startup an inert gas at a temperature below room temperature, optionally at cryogenic temperature, is sent to at least one auxiliary passage to accelerate the cold setting.
  • the Figures 1 to 3 show a section taken in the direction of the length of the exchanger of each type of passage for an exchanger operating according to the invention.
  • the Figure 1 represents an auxiliary passage of inert gas, the Figure 2 a passage of LNG and the Figure 3 a passage of nitrogen to heat.
  • the Figures 4 to 6 represent another exchanger operating according to the invention.
  • the Figure 4 shows a section through the parallel passages of the exchanger in the direction of the width of the exchanger, the Figure 5 shows a passage of low pressure nitrogen cut in the direction of its length and the Figure 5 shows a passage of LNG cut in the direction of its length.
  • a passage of the type of the Figure 1 will be placed between each passage of the type of the Figure 2 and each type of the Figure 3 .
  • each passage of series of the type of the Figure 2 is separated from each passage of the type series of the Figure 3 by a passage of the type of the Figure 1 to form a brazed plate and fin exchanger made of aluminum, or other material.
  • the fins are not illustrated to simplify the drawing.
  • the Figure 1 is the auxiliary passage of gaseous nitrogen low pressure of inert whose entry 9 is bottom right and the exit 11 at the top left.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the Figure 3 shows a high pressure nitrogen gas cooling passage which enters the top of the passage through the inlet 7 and leaves the outlet 5 at the bottom.
  • the passage of high pressure nitrogen gas is narrower than the low pressure nitrogen passages of the Figure 1 and liquefied natural gas from the Figure 2 .
  • an auxiliary passage is interposed between each pair of nitrogen and LNG passages.
  • the thermal exchange between the nitrogen and LNG passages will be through the fins of the auxiliary passage by conduction.
  • the wave chosen for the auxiliary passage will have an optimal height / thickness ratio.
  • the auxiliary passages will be swept with nitrogen gas low pressure (lower pressure than the LNG of the Figure 2 and that of nitrogen from the Figure 3 ) and collected to the atmosphere or possibly a torch.
  • the boxes that cover the stack and can therefore be sources of pollution will therefore be isolated from the other fluid by means of Z dead zones.
  • Dead zones Z will be collected and possibly flushed with low pressure nitrogen.
  • the dead zones above can be isolated from the LNG and nitrogen circuits by means of a double bar system 2 in order to complete the sealing.
  • the play between the double bars 2 can itself be collected to enhance the intrinsic safety. This is explained in more detail for the process of Figures 5 and 6 but also applies to the process of Figures 1 to 3 .
  • the passages of the Figure 1 are used during start-ups to cool the exchanger in a progressive and controlled manner by means of a low-pressure nitrogen flow from an auxiliary capacity.
  • each passage of nitrogen to be heated is isolated from the LNG passages to be vaporized by a passage containing an inert process gas at high pressure (N 2 HP), in this case nitrogen at higher pressure nitrogen to be heated (35 bar) and liquefied natural gas to vaporize (15 bar).
  • N 2 HP inert process gas at high pressure

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP09726865A 2008-03-27 2009-03-12 Procédé de vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique par échange de chaleur avec un fluide calorigène Active EP2265855B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0851970A FR2929369A1 (fr) 2008-03-27 2008-03-27 Procede de vaporisation d'un liquide cryogenique par echange de chaleur avec un fluide calorigene
PCT/FR2009/050410 WO2009122064A1 (fr) 2008-03-27 2009-03-12 Procédé de vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique par échange de chaleur avec un fluide calorigène

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2265855A1 EP2265855A1 (fr) 2010-12-29
EP2265855B1 true EP2265855B1 (fr) 2011-09-28

Family

ID=39736847

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09726865A Active EP2265855B1 (fr) 2008-03-27 2009-03-12 Procédé de vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique par échange de chaleur avec un fluide calorigène

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20110017429A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2265855B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2011515646A (zh)
CN (1) CN101981365B (zh)
AT (1) ATE526539T1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2373858T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2929369A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2009122064A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5982221B2 (ja) * 2012-08-21 2016-08-31 株式会社神戸製鋼所 プレートフィン熱交換器及びプレートフィン熱交換器の補修方法
RU2635960C2 (ru) * 2012-09-18 2017-11-17 Басф Се Способ и установка для разогрева природного газа
JP5781487B2 (ja) * 2012-10-30 2015-09-24 株式会社神戸製鋼所 酸素富化空気製造システム
CN102980425A (zh) * 2012-11-14 2013-03-20 无锡市豫达换热器有限公司 低温换热器
CN104266415B (zh) * 2014-10-09 2016-06-08 上海交通大学 一种利用lng冷能的多层式平板冷凝器
KR20190058543A (ko) 2016-10-07 2019-05-29 스미토모 세이미츠 고교 가부시키가이샤 열 교환기

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BE604886A (zh) * 1960-06-16
US3537513A (en) * 1968-03-11 1970-11-03 Garrett Corp Three-fluid heat exchanger
JPS50140047U (zh) * 1974-05-07 1975-11-18
JPS56120895A (en) * 1980-02-25 1981-09-22 Kobe Steel Ltd Regasification for liquid natural gas
JPS6484614A (en) * 1987-09-28 1989-03-29 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Cooling system for superconducting energy storage device
DE4031950A1 (de) * 1989-11-15 1991-05-16 Jw Kuehl Geraete Bau Gmbh Waermetauscher sowie system insbesondere zum erwaermen und vergasen von fluessigem kohlendioxid
US5048597A (en) * 1989-12-18 1991-09-17 Rockwell International Corporation Leak-safe hydrogen/air heat exchanger in an ACE system
GB9104155D0 (en) * 1991-02-27 1991-04-17 Rolls Royce Plc Heat exchanger
JP3857747B2 (ja) * 1996-05-10 2006-12-13 株式会社神戸製鋼所 低温液化ガス気化装置
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JP3676604B2 (ja) * 1999-02-04 2005-07-27 株式会社神戸製鋼所 中間媒体式気化器及び当該気化器を用いた天然ガスの供給方法
JP2001280864A (ja) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-10 Hitachi Ltd 熱交換器およびその製造方法
FR2882129A1 (fr) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-18 Inst Francais Du Petrole Installation de regazeification de gaz naturel liquefie
ES2328619T3 (es) * 2006-05-12 2009-11-16 BLACK & VEATCH CORPORATION Sistema y metodo para vaporizar liquidos criogenicos usando un refrigerante intermedio en circulacion natural.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101981365B (zh) 2012-12-12
CN101981365A (zh) 2011-02-23
EP2265855A1 (fr) 2010-12-29
ES2373858T3 (es) 2012-02-09
ATE526539T1 (de) 2011-10-15
JP2011515646A (ja) 2011-05-19
WO2009122064A1 (fr) 2009-10-08
FR2929369A1 (fr) 2009-10-02
US20110017429A1 (en) 2011-01-27

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