EP2253523A1 - Entgleisungserkennungsvorrichtung und -verfahren - Google Patents

Entgleisungserkennungsvorrichtung und -verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2253523A1
EP2253523A1 EP09160638A EP09160638A EP2253523A1 EP 2253523 A1 EP2253523 A1 EP 2253523A1 EP 09160638 A EP09160638 A EP 09160638A EP 09160638 A EP09160638 A EP 09160638A EP 2253523 A1 EP2253523 A1 EP 2253523A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
track
electric current
detection device
derailment
rail vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09160638A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Dochy
Catherine Fabry
Patrick Vanhonacker
Frederik Vermeulen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Transports Intercommunaux De Bruxelles Ste
Original Assignee
Transports Intercommunaux De Bruxelles Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Transports Intercommunaux De Bruxelles Ste filed Critical Transports Intercommunaux De Bruxelles Ste
Priority to EP09160638A priority Critical patent/EP2253523A1/de
Publication of EP2253523A1 publication Critical patent/EP2253523A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F9/00—Rail vehicles characterised by means for preventing derailing, e.g. by use of guide wheels
    • B61F9/005—Rail vehicles characterised by means for preventing derailing, e.g. by use of guide wheels by use of non-mechanical means, e.g. acoustic or electromagnetic devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a derailment detection device for a rail vehicle.
  • rail vehicle in the present specification and claims, it is understood any vehicle, self-propelled or not, adapted to run on wheels in engagement with a railway track.
  • derailment we understand any situation where at least one of the wheels is no longer in stable engagement with the corresponding track. This includes total derailment, in which the wheel is completely out of engagement with the rail, as well as partial derailment, in which the wheel, while still in contact with the track, is in an anomalous position with respect to it which can lead to total derailment.
  • Derailment is a well-known hazard in the technical field of rail vehicles. It can cause serious material and even personal damage.
  • derailment at the tail of the rail vehicle may not always be readily apparent at its head, where the driver is usually located. For this reason, significantly damage may be caused already before the driver notices and takes measures, such as stopping the vehicle. For this reason a number of derailment detection devices and methods have been proposed for assisting the driver.
  • derailment detection devices such as those disclosed in US patent 6,411,870 , US patent application publication 2006/0122745 , International patent publication application WO 03029059 , and International Patent Application WO 0194176 , comprise vibration sensors or accelerometers which issue a derailment alarm if a value mathematically derived from a measured acceleration or acceleration time series exceeds a certain threshold.
  • This derailment detection device for a wheeled rail vehicle comprises an inductive proximity sensor.
  • the inductive sensor is mounted in proximity to one of the wheels, facing the railway track so as to monitor its distance to the track.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved derailment detection device.
  • the derailment detection device comprises a proximity sensor mounted on a track brake.
  • a track brake is a form of brake unique to rail vehicles, and intended to provide a braking force beyond the adhesion limit of the wheels, wherein the braking force is derived from the friction resulting from the application of a braking shoe directly to the track. For this reason, track brakes are kept in close proximity to the track.
  • a track brake is mounted low and close to at least one of the wheels. Since the proximity sensor of the derailment detection device is also advantageously located low and in close proximity to one of the wheels, the track brake offers a particularly advantageous platform for its installation. Moreover, since track brakes are normally used as emergency brakes, this arrangement facilitates an eventual direct connection of the derailment detection device to the emergency brake system.
  • said proximity sensor may comprise an electromagnetic coil. If the coil is within detection range of its corresponding track rail, an electromagnetic signal in the rail will be picked up by the coil.
  • said track brake may be an electromagnetic track brake.
  • Electromagnetic track brakes are actuated by electromagnetic actuation coils which force the brake shoe against the track. They can generate very high braking forces and as such are particularly suitable for rail vehicles.
  • an actuation coil of the electromagnetic track brake may double as electromagnetic coil of the proximity sensor.
  • the electromagnetic coil of the proximity sensor may also be a dedicated detection coil, preferably mounted near an extremity of the track brake, so as to be closer to a wheel.
  • said electromagnetic coil may be connected to an oscillator, so as to form an inductive sensor.
  • an electromagnetic field is then created in the close surroundings of the coil.
  • the presence of an electrically conductive object, such as the rail, in the proximity of the coil then causes a change of the oscillation.
  • the present invention also relates to a derailment detection device comprising, either in combination with said proximity sensor or alternatively to it, an electric current sensor for detecting an electric current flowing between an axle of said rail vehicle and said track. If the axle derails, this electric current will be interrupted.
  • said derailment detection device may further comprise a signal processor connected to both said induction and electric current sensors, and to an alarm and/or to an emergency brake.
  • a signal processor can thus be programmed to issue an alarm and/or an automatic braking command when the combined signals of the proximity and electric current sensors indicate a derailment, thus suppressing false alarms by either sensor.
  • said electric current sensor may be a Hall effect sensor, which will minimise the impact on the overall rail vehicle design.
  • the derailment detection device may also comprise an electric power supply connected between two axles.
  • the power supply, the axles and the track will form an electric circuit which will be interrupted if either axle derails.
  • the electric current sensor may be connected to either axle so as to monitor the electric current flowing through this circuit.
  • the present invention also relates to a rail vehicle bogie and a rail vehicle comprising such a derailment detection device.
  • the present invention relates to a light rail vehicle comprising such a derailment detection device.
  • the present invention relates also to a method for detecting derailment of a rail vehicle from a railway track, comprising the steps of:
  • said activation step may optionally only be carried out if said distance is outside said safe range for at least a predetermined period of time, wherein that predetermined period of time is preferably at least 120 ms, even more preferably at least 500 ms. False alarms over transient discontinuities are thus prevented.
  • the present invention relates also to a method for detecting derailment of a rail vehicle from a railway track, comprising the steps of:
  • said electric current may be an earth return current from a direct current (DC) supply to the rail vehicle.
  • DC direct current
  • said electric current may be an electric current flowing through the railway track between to axles. This could take the form of a direct or alternative current, and be superposed onto said earth return current or independent from it.
  • a light rail vehicle 1 is shown in Fig. 1 .
  • This light rail vehicle 1 runs on a railway track 2. In sections which the light rail vehicle 1 may have to share with other traffic, less obtrusive grooved section railway tracks are preferably used.
  • the light rail vehicle 1 is electrically powered with direct current from an overhead line 3 over a pantograph 4.
  • the illustrated light rail vehicle 1 is multi-articulated and supported by a plurality of wheeled bogies 5.
  • FIGs. 2a and 2b One such wheeled bogie 5 is illustrated in Figs. 2a and 2b .
  • the shown bogie 5 comprises two axles 14 with two wheels 6 each, arranged so as to engage the rails 7 of the track 2.
  • a track brake 8 is arranged between the successive wheels 8, facing the surface of the respective rail 7.
  • Each track brake 8 comprises electromagnetic actuation coils 9 for pressing the track brake 8 against the rail 7 by electromagnetic attraction when braking the rail vehicle 1.
  • the wheels 6, apart from supporting the vehicle 1, are also used for the current return to earth.
  • the direct current supplied by the overhead line 3 through the pantograph 4, and which powers the electric motors 10 driving the wheels 6 as well as the ancillary equipment of the vehicle 1, is returned to earth through the wheels 6 and the rails 7.
  • a current sensor 11, such as a Hall effect sensor, monitoring the return current through the wheels 6 can thus be used to determine whether the wheels 6 of each axle 14 are in correct engagement with their respective rails 7.
  • a sensor coil 12 is mounted near one extremity of the track brake 8 facing the surface of the rail 7 in proximity to a wheel 6.
  • the sensor coil 12 is connected to an oscillator so as to form an inductive sensor.
  • an electromagnetic field is created in the close surroundings of the sensor coil 12.
  • the presence of an electrically conductive object in the proximity of the coil then causes a change of the oscillation.
  • the change of such oscillation can then be identified by a threshold circuit that changes the output of the inductive sensor.
  • This inductive sensor could be an off-the-shelf sensor.
  • the rail 7 could receive, by other means, an electromagnetic signal that would also be picked up by the sensor coil 12 as long as it was near enough to the rail 7.
  • an inductive proximity sensor mounted on the track brake 8 can sense the proximity of the track 7.
  • the track brake 8 may be mounted so that its lower surface is at a distance of 8 mm, with a maximum wear limit of 3 mm.
  • An inductive proximity sensor with a detection range of 14 mm can then be mounted on the track brake 8 at a distance of 11 mm from the rail surface.
  • the sensor coil 12 In case of derailment, the sensor coil 12 will move beyond its detection range from the rail 7. Its signal can then be used to detect the derailment. However, on some track discontinuities, such as track switches, the sensor coil 12 may also momentarily move out of range from the metallic surface of the track 7, which could result in a false alarm if only the signal of the inductive sensor 12 was used to determine derailment.
  • both the inductive proximity sensor, and the current sensor 11 are thus connected to a signal processor 13, and used conjointly to detect derailment.
  • the derailment detection method used in this embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figure 3 .
  • a first step 301 signals from both the inductive sensor and the current sensor 11 are sampled by the signal processor 13.
  • the inductive sensor may, for example, produce a voltage of -0.2V when the rail surface is within range, or -2V when the track surface is out of range.
  • the current sensor 13 may, for example, produce a voltage of 1mV per 1A of return current.
  • the sampling frequency of the signal processor may be, for example, 25 Hz.
  • the signal processor determines whether the signal from the inductive sensor 12 indicates whether the track surface is outside of its detection range. If the track surface remains within the detection range of the inductive sensor, the signal processor 13 goes back to the first step 301.
  • the signal processor 13 checks in step 303 whether the return current indicated by the signal from the current sensor 11 has also fallen under a minimum level, for instance 10A. If this is also the case, the signal processor 13, in step 304, activates a derailment alarm, and/or an emergency brake.
  • an actuation coil 9 of the track brake 8 is used as sensor coil. As in the first embodiment, it may be connected to an oscillator so as to form an inductive sensor, or pick up electromagnetic signals sent through the rail 7. Either way, it will work as a proximity sensor connected to the signal processor 13.
  • the current detector 11 is also dispensed with.
  • a derailment detection method for use with such a derailment detection device is illustrated in Fig. 4 .
  • a derailment is detected if the rail 7 is out of range of the sensor coil for at least a predetermined minimum period of time, such as at least 120 ms, or preferably at least 500 ms. In this manner, false alarms are prevented when the vehicle 1 runs over a discontinuity in the rail surface, such as a track switch.
  • steps 401 and 402 the signal from the inductive sensor 12 is sampled and checked as in steps 301 and 302 of the previous method. If the signal indicates that the track surface is out of range from the inductive sensor, a timing counter is added in step 405.
  • step 406 if the predetermined minimum period of time has not been reached, the signal processor 13 goes back to step 401 for the next sample.
  • the timing counter will be set to zero in step 407 if in the next sample the inductive sensor 12 returns a positive reading. If, however, in step 406, the timing counter indicates that the predetermined minimum time has been reached, the signal processor, in step 404, will activate a derailment alarm, and/or an emergency brake.
  • a third embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 2d , the rail proximity sensor is dispensed with. Only the current sensor 11 is thus connected to the signal processor 13 for detecting an eventual derailment. However, the earth return current may be inverted when the motors 10 are used for regenerative braking. If the overhead line 2 cannot absorb this current, the control system of the rail vehicle may command a current interruption. This could then result in a false alarm if interruption of the earth return current alone was used to determine derailment.
  • a derailment detection method adapted to this third embodiment of the invention is thus illustrated in Fig. 5 .
  • the signal from the current sensor 11 is sampled in a first step 501. In the next step 503, it is checked whether this signal indicates a current interruption. However, before activating the alarm and/or emergency brake in step 504, it is also checked in step 508 that the current interruption is not caused by a current interruption command.
  • a fourth embodiment of the invention could also be adapted to rail vehicles powered by other means than a direct current returned to earth over the wheels 6 and rails 7.
  • an electric power supply 16 is connected between the two axles 14 of the bogie.
  • an electric circuit is thus formed between the two axles 14, wherein the return current flows through the track segment between the axles.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a derailment detection method adapted to this fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • the signal from the current sensor 11 is sampled in a first step 601, and in the next step 603, it is checked whether this signal indicates a current interruption. If this is the case, in the next step 604, the alarm and/or emergency brake are directly activated.
  • both the proximity sensors of the first and second embodiments could be used independently or in combination with a current sensor.
  • Other types of proximity sensor such as, for example, optical sensors, could also be used instead.
  • the signals from the sensors are periodically sampled and may be digitally processed, the signals may also be analogously processed, preferably in a continuous manner. Accordingly, the description and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative sense rather than a restrictive sense.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
EP09160638A 2009-05-19 2009-05-19 Entgleisungserkennungsvorrichtung und -verfahren Withdrawn EP2253523A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09160638A EP2253523A1 (de) 2009-05-19 2009-05-19 Entgleisungserkennungsvorrichtung und -verfahren

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09160638A EP2253523A1 (de) 2009-05-19 2009-05-19 Entgleisungserkennungsvorrichtung und -verfahren

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2431250A3 (de) * 2010-09-16 2013-01-23 KNORR-BREMSE Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Verfahren zur Entgleisungsdetektion bei einem Wagon
CN104035441A (zh) * 2014-05-19 2014-09-10 建华建材（安徽）有限公司 一种地轨行车
FR3014400A1 (fr) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-12 Alstom Transport Sa Vehicule terrestre guide comprenant un dispositif de gestion d'un deraillement du vehicule , et procede de gestion du deraillement associe
US9132847B2 (en) * 2011-10-28 2015-09-15 Newtl System for dynamic control of the rolling of the guide roller(s) for an assembly for guiding a vehicle along at least one rail
CN106564384A (zh) * 2016-10-25 2017-04-19 中车四方车辆有限公司 导轮脱轨检测方法
WO2017081146A1 (de) * 2015-11-11 2017-05-18 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vergleichsgesteuerten entgleisungserfassung
CN110893867A (zh) * 2018-09-13 2020-03-20 阿尔斯通运输科技公司 脱轨检测装置以及相关的铁路车辆和方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19827271A1 (de) * 1998-06-19 1999-12-23 Andreas Mueller On-line Erfassungssystem mit Auswerteteil für rad- und gleisbezogene Daten für Hochgeschwindigkeitszüge
WO2001094176A1 (en) 2000-06-09 2001-12-13 Skf Industrie S.P.A. Method and apparatus for detecting and signalling derailment conditions in a railway vehicle
US6411870B1 (en) 1998-08-10 2002-06-25 Tokyu Car Corporation Derailment detecting method and derailment detecting apparatus for rolling stock
WO2003029059A1 (de) 2001-10-01 2003-04-10 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Elektronischer entgleisungsdetektor
EP1422119A1 (de) 2002-11-20 2004-05-26 Siemens SGP Verkehrstechnik Induktiver Entgleisungsdetektor
JP2006199170A (ja) * 2005-01-21 2006-08-03 Railway Technical Res Inst 脱線防止装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19827271A1 (de) * 1998-06-19 1999-12-23 Andreas Mueller On-line Erfassungssystem mit Auswerteteil für rad- und gleisbezogene Daten für Hochgeschwindigkeitszüge
US6411870B1 (en) 1998-08-10 2002-06-25 Tokyu Car Corporation Derailment detecting method and derailment detecting apparatus for rolling stock
WO2001094176A1 (en) 2000-06-09 2001-12-13 Skf Industrie S.P.A. Method and apparatus for detecting and signalling derailment conditions in a railway vehicle
WO2003029059A1 (de) 2001-10-01 2003-04-10 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Elektronischer entgleisungsdetektor
EP1422119A1 (de) 2002-11-20 2004-05-26 Siemens SGP Verkehrstechnik Induktiver Entgleisungsdetektor
JP2006199170A (ja) * 2005-01-21 2006-08-03 Railway Technical Res Inst 脱線防止装置

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2431250A3 (de) * 2010-09-16 2013-01-23 KNORR-BREMSE Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Verfahren zur Entgleisungsdetektion bei einem Wagon
US9132847B2 (en) * 2011-10-28 2015-09-15 Newtl System for dynamic control of the rolling of the guide roller(s) for an assembly for guiding a vehicle along at least one rail
FR3014400A1 (fr) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-12 Alstom Transport Sa Vehicule terrestre guide comprenant un dispositif de gestion d'un deraillement du vehicule , et procede de gestion du deraillement associe
CN104709309A (zh) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-17 阿尔斯通运输科技公司 含车辆脱轨管理设备的引导地面车辆及相关脱轨管理方法
EP2891590A1 (de) 2013-12-11 2015-07-08 ALSTOM Transport Technologies Gelenktes Landfahrzeug, das eine Steuerungsvorrichtung beim Entgleisen des Fahrzeugs umfasst, und entsprechendes Steuerungsverfahren der Entgleisung
US9475509B2 (en) 2013-12-11 2016-10-25 Alstom Transport Technologies Guided ground vehicle including a device for managing a derailment of the vehicle, and associated derailment management method
RU2667107C2 (ru) * 2013-12-11 2018-09-14 АЛЬСТОМ Транспор Текноложи Направляемое наземное транспортное средство, включающее в себя устройство для управления при сходе с рельсов транспортного средства, и соответствующий способ управления при сходе с рельсов
CN104035441A (zh) * 2014-05-19 2014-09-10 建华建材（安徽）有限公司 一种地轨行车
WO2017081146A1 (de) * 2015-11-11 2017-05-18 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vergleichsgesteuerten entgleisungserfassung
CN106564384A (zh) * 2016-10-25 2017-04-19 中车四方车辆有限公司 导轮脱轨检测方法
CN106564384B (zh) * 2016-10-25 2019-08-02 中车四方车辆有限公司 导轮脱轨检测方法
CN110893867A (zh) * 2018-09-13 2020-03-20 阿尔斯通运输科技公司 脱轨检测装置以及相关的铁路车辆和方法

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