EP2246493A2 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbinden von vorgefertigten, tragenden Raumzellen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbinden von vorgefertigten, tragenden Raumzellen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2246493A2
EP2246493A2 EP10161274A EP10161274A EP2246493A2 EP 2246493 A2 EP2246493 A2 EP 2246493A2 EP 10161274 A EP10161274 A EP 10161274A EP 10161274 A EP10161274 A EP 10161274A EP 2246493 A2 EP2246493 A2 EP 2246493A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
attaching
room units
room
walls
centering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10161274A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2246493A3 (de
Inventor
Tapio Kordelin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Neapo Oy
Original Assignee
Shippax Ltd Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shippax Ltd Oy filed Critical Shippax Ltd Oy
Publication of EP2246493A2 publication Critical patent/EP2246493A2/de
Publication of EP2246493A3 publication Critical patent/EP2246493A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B29/00—Accommodation for crew or passengers not otherwise provided for
    • B63B29/02—Cabins or other living spaces; Construction or arrangement thereof
    • B63B29/025—Modular or prefabricated cabins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/003—Balconies; Decks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34331—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by three-dimensional elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B2001/3583—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block using permanent tensioning means, e.g. cables or rods, to assemble or rigidify structures (not pre- or poststressing concrete), e.g. by tying them around the structure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement and a method for attaching prefabricated load-bearing room units to each other, a ship and a building according to the preambles of the independent claims presented below.
  • the invention relates especially to a new manner of constructing multi-storey rooms, for example cabin compartments in ships or apartment buildings, which do not need middle decks or intermediate floors between the storeys.
  • Patent publications WO 98/40573 , JP 11081481 and US 3643390 present some manners of attaching room units to each other.
  • the embodiments of the invention are suitable for use in connection with various kinds of ships and buildings.
  • a typical arrangement according to the invention for attaching prefabricated load-bearing room units to each other comprises an upper and a lower prefabricated room unit, and attaching means between them for attaching the room units to each other.
  • Typical attaching means according to the invention comprise a pin connection.
  • typical attaching means according to the invention comprise at least one drawbar, which is arranged to hold superposed room units together in the direction of the drawbar.
  • the upper and lower prefabricated room units are attached to each other with a pin connection between them.
  • Superposed room units are further held together with one or more drawbars.
  • room unit means a self-bearing unit which is used in construction and which comprises a ceiling, a floor and walls.
  • the room unit can typically be moved in one piece and installed to its location in one piece.
  • the room unit can for example be a prefabricated cabin of a ship or an apartment in an apartment building or a part of an apartment.
  • room arrangement means a structure that is formed of several room units, which have been attached together, for example superposed apartments of an apartment building or a cabin compartment in a ship or a part of them.
  • prefabricated means that the ceiling, floor and walls of a room unit have been connected together already prior to its installation to its location in a ship or a building.
  • Interior design of the rooms such as furniture, carpets, wall papers, bathroom design, and heating, plumbing, ventilation and electrical installations, has typically also been made as ready as possible in the prefabricated room unit before the room unit is brought to its installation location.
  • All walls typically two side walls and two end walls, are preferably ready in the prefabricated room unit.
  • the walls are typically provided with necessary doors and possibly windows.
  • the walls, floor and ceiling also have a necessary number of openings for cords, pipes etc.
  • load-bearing structure means a structure, which carries its own weight as well as the weight above it.
  • a typical load-bearing structure forms a support frame for the entire structure, which support frame carries forces directed to the structure, and provides a sufficient functional rigidity.
  • the room units have a ceiling, a floor and at least two walls, which are made at least mainly of cellular board.
  • cellular board know as such as a main structure for the floor, ceiling and walls of the room units, an extremely rigid, self-bearing and light structure is easy to achieve.
  • the room unit can be made into a self-bearing structure without any specific beam structures or the like.
  • Room arrangements formed of superposed and/or adjacent room units according to the invention can form a self-bearing structure.
  • the room arrangements can also be manufactured of something else than cellular board.
  • cellular board means a structure known as such, formed of two substantially parallel surface plates and of a core arranged between them.
  • the core is of a plate-like material, but its shape has been arranged to differ from the direction of the surface plates, for example by forming folds and grooves between the folds in the plate material.
  • the core comprises several adjacent and parallel straight shapes having usually mainly the length of the whole cellular board.
  • longitudinal direction of the shapes of the cellular board core is called a core direction.
  • the cellular board resists bending in a transversal direction in relation to the direction of the cores especially well.
  • the core of the cellular board according to the invention has been firmly attached to the surface plates.
  • the surface plates and the core can be welded together, for example by laser welding.
  • the surface plates and the core of the cellular board according to the invention are made of metal, such as steel, for example stainless steel, or aluminium, but also other materials can be used.
  • the thickness of the surface plates and the core of the cellular board, the material, and the shape of the core can be dimensioned to be appropriate for each situation.
  • a core made of steel can have the shape of a wavelike bent plate, where wave crests are typically welded to the surface plates.
  • the cores can also be arranged for example in the shape of a letter V, or formed of plates substantially perpendicular to the surface plates, i.e. of plates arranged in the shape of a letter I.
  • the core can consist of a plate bent in the form of a honeycomb. It is also possible to use beams that have the shape of a pipe, the cross-section of which is circular or another shape, as a core.
  • the surface plates and the core of the cellular board are of the same material.
  • the cellular board is manufactured from individual profiles, by joining several profiles adjacently.
  • the profiles are manufactured from a plate-like material, which can be for example steel or aluminium.
  • the plate-like material can on its one or both sides be coated, for example with a PVC sheet.
  • the thickness of the plate-like material can for example be 0.5-5 mm or 0.5-3 mm.
  • each individual profile is meant to form in the completed cellular board a planar first surface protrusion, a planar second surface protrusion or a core, which is arranged to join the first and the second surface protrusion together.
  • the profiles of the cellular board are attached together so that the first surface protrusions are arranged adjacently and form the first surface plate of the cellular board, the second surface protrusions are arranged adjacently and form the second surface plate of the cellular board, and the cores of the profiles are attached to the first and second surface protrusions, whereby they make up the core structure of the cellular board.
  • the length of the profiles can in the so-called core direction be for example 0.5-20.0 m or 1.0-10.0 m.
  • the width of an individual profile can be for example 0.1-1.0 m, 0.1-0.5 m or 0.1-0.2 m.
  • the thickness of a completed cellular board can be for example 0.1-1.0 m, 0.1-0.5 m or 0.1-0.2 m.
  • a completed cellular board can have for example 5-1000, 10-200 or 20-100 profiles joined adjacently. Generally the length i.e. size of the completed cellular board is approximately the same in the direction which bears more load as the length of the profiles in the so-called core direction.
  • the width of the cellular board in the direction, which is perpendicular to the core direction can be for example 0.5-50 m, 1-25 m or 5-20 m. In an advantageous embodiment the direction of the cores of the cellular boards, which make up the walls of the completed room module and building, is arranged to be vertical.
  • attaching folds which fit into each other, have been formed in the edges of the profiles which are to be joined with other profiles.
  • an attaching fold of a profile which forms the core of a cellular board, has also been arranged to fit in connection with the attaching folds of two adjacent surface protrusions.
  • the attaching folds can be formed so that the attaching folds formed in the ends of three separate profiles in one contact point can be attached to each other.
  • the attaching is easy to perform for example by pressure seaming in a way known as such. Before the pressure seaming or after it, a seam insulating substance, such as a mineral wool sheet or glue, for example urethane glue, can be arranged between the profiles of the cellular board.
  • the room units are easy to arrange firmly on top of each other with the aid of a simple pin connection, if the superposed room units are at the same time held together with one or more drawbars.
  • Pin connections are known as such, and several different models of pin connections are suitable for this invention.
  • the pin connection efficiently prevents movement of the superposed room units other than in the direction of the pin. For example if the pins are in the vertical direction, the pin connection efficiently prevents horizontal movement of the room units.
  • the attaching means comprise centering pins and centering openings which fit them.
  • the pins can be for example of steel, some other metal or plastic.
  • the edges of the centering openings can be of metal, and a sleeve for example of plastic can be installed on them. The necessary amount and size of the pins and the openings fitting them can be planned separately for each situation.
  • the attaching means comprise an attaching element, which can be fitted between the lower edge of a wall of the upper room unit and the upper edge of a wall of the lower room unit.
  • the centering pins and/or centering openings can be situated in this attaching element. Centering pins and/or centering openings which fit these pins and/or openings can thus be situated in the lower edge of the wall of the upper room unit and in the upper edge of the wall of the lower room unit.
  • the wall of the upper room unit, the wall of the lower room unit and the attaching element are attachable to each other with the aid of a pin connection.
  • the attaching element is a mainly planar steel plate, which is for example 3-100 mm, 5-50 mm or 7-30 mm thick.
  • the centering pins can for example be welded to such a plate, for example perpendicularly in relation to the level of the plate, up or down from the level of the plate.
  • the pins are in the attaching element and openings, which fit the pins, are in the upper edge and/or lower edge of the walls of the room units.
  • the pins are in the upper edge and/or lower edge of the walls of the room units and openings, which fit the pins, are in the attaching element.
  • the attaching element is arranged to cover the space between the walls of superposed room units at least mainly completely.
  • the attaching element is thus at least as long and as wide as the entire upper or lower edge of the wall. It can also be conceived that one space between superposed walls is covered with several smaller attaching elements.
  • one attaching element is arranged to be as long as the entire building or cabin compartment of a ship.
  • a sound-insulating mat or band or a corresponding insulating material is placed in a manner known as such between the attaching element and the walls of the room unit.
  • the openings needed for the pin connection can be arranged into this insulating material.
  • the arrangement comprises adjacent room units.
  • one attaching element can have centering pins and/or centering openings for the lower edges of the walls of two adjacent upper room units and the upper edges of the walls of two adjacent lower room units meant to be underneath them.
  • the adjacent and superposed room units are attached to the same attaching element.
  • one attaching element is arranged to extend from the outer edge of the entire building or cabin compartment of a ship to the opposite outer edge.
  • an edge of the attaching element extends outside the outer walls of the building or cabin compartment of a ship by for example 5-50 cm or 10-30 cm.
  • Other structures, for example a balcony, can be supported on this protruding edge.
  • the centering pins and/or centering openings in the attaching element are arranged so that the walls of two adjacent room units are situated at a distance, for example 50-500 mm, from each other.
  • a distance for example 50-500 mm
  • insulations or various kinds of cords, pipes and possible support structures can be placed in these spaces.
  • the attaching element can thus be as wide as two adjacent walls and the space between them.
  • one or more drawbar openings have been arranged in at least two superposed attaching elements.
  • One or more drawbars can thereby be arranged through the drawbar openings in the superposed attaching elements. With the aid of the drawbars, superposed attaching elements and thus superposed room units can be held together in the direction of the drawbar.
  • the drawbar openings and the drawbar are between adjacent room units. It is possible to attach the drawbars also in other ways than in the attaching elements according to the invention.
  • the drawbar does not penetrate the wall structures of the room unit.
  • the drawbar is mainly vertical.
  • the lower end of the drawbar can be attached for example to the deck of the ship or the bottom of the building, whereon the arrangement according to the invention has been erected.
  • only the uppermost storeys of the arrangement are attached to each other with the aid of drawbars.
  • the uppermost 2, 3, 4 or 5 storeys in an arrangement according to the invention which has more than 6, more than 8 or more than 10 storeys, can be attached with drawbars.
  • the attaching element is arranged on top of the upper edge of the wall of the uppermost room unit and/or below the lower edge of the wall of the lowest room unit. The attaching element is thus not necessarily always between the walls of two superposed room units. Also in such attaching elements, there can be drawbar openings. If the drawbar is attached to such attaching elements, one drawbar can be used to hold together the uppermost or bottom storeys or even all the storeys of the arrangement.
  • balconies mainly outside the room units have been supported on one or more attaching elements.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a connection between four room units according to the invention.
  • the upper room units 1 and 2 are attached to the lower room units 3 and 4 with an attaching element 5.
  • Two drawbars 12 run in the space 11 between the walls, for which drawbars the attaching element 5 has openings 13.
  • FIG. 3 shows the uppermost connection of the arrangement according to the invention.
  • the attaching element 5 has openings 9 and 13 for the pins 8 and the drawbars 12.
  • the upper end of the drawbar is tightened with a bolt 14.
  • Figure 4 shows an arrangement 20 according to the invention, which has six room units 1, 2, 3, 4, 55 and 66. Balconies 15 are arranged in the two uppermost storeys, i.e. in room units 1, 2, 3 and 4, which balconies are supported on the attaching elements 5.
  • Figure 5 shows a magnified view of a detail A of Figure 4 , where the attaching of the balcony can be seen in more detail.
  • a support plate 16 has been attached, for example by welding, to the attaching element 5.
  • the edge of the floor of the balcony, which is against the arrangement 20, is bolted directly to the support plate.
  • the edge, which is further from the arrangement is supported via bars 17 to a support plate attached to an upper attaching element.
  • Edge steels 18 arranged in the edges of the walls, floors and ceilings manufactured from cellular board, which steels make the structure of the cellular board more sturdy, can also be seen in the figures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP10161274A 2009-04-28 2010-04-28 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbinden von vorgefertigten, tragenden Raumzellen Withdrawn EP2246493A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20090170A FI20090170A7 (fi) 2009-04-28 2009-04-28 Järjestely ja menetelmä esivalmistettujen kantavien huonetilayksiköiden kiinnittämiseksi toisiinsa

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2246493A2 true EP2246493A2 (de) 2010-11-03
EP2246493A3 EP2246493A3 (de) 2012-09-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10161274A Withdrawn EP2246493A3 (de) 2009-04-28 2010-04-28 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbinden von vorgefertigten, tragenden Raumzellen

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2246493A3 (de)
FI (1) FI20090170A7 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2610418A1 (de) 2011-12-27 2013-07-03 Neapo Oy Verfahren zur Renovierung eines Gebäudes und Gebäude

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3643390A (en) 1969-11-26 1972-02-22 Shelley Systems Inc Modular building structure
WO1998040573A1 (en) 1997-03-10 1998-09-17 Concrete Volumes Sweden Ab Device for detachably connecting four prefabricated building units included in a building
JPH1181481A (ja) 1997-09-08 1999-03-26 Misawa Homes Co Ltd 建物ユニットの連結構造
WO2006079682A1 (en) 2005-01-28 2006-08-03 Oy Shippax Ltd. Room arrangement, ship, building and method for constructing a room arrangement

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3500595A (en) * 1967-10-27 1970-03-17 Flehr Hohbach Modular building construction unit and column
US4694621A (en) * 1984-11-07 1987-09-22 Locke Reginald A J Modular building connecting means
NO310035B1 (no) * 1998-12-15 2001-05-07 Heimdal Entreprenoer As Byggesystem for reising av bygning
DE10159535A1 (de) * 2001-12-05 2003-06-26 Kaefer Isoliertechnik Wohnbereich, insbesondere für den Offshorebereich, Schiff mit einem solchen Wohnbereich und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wohnbereiches
ES2284306B1 (es) * 2005-03-03 2008-09-16 Compact-Habit, S.L. Sistema de construccion modular.
KR20080068695A (ko) * 2005-11-08 2008-07-23 오와이 십팍스 엘티디. 셀룰러 보드 제조 방법, 셀룰러 보드, 스틸판 스트립의셀룰러 보드 엘레멘트를 제조하는 방법, 및 제조 라인
US7827738B2 (en) * 2006-08-26 2010-11-09 Alexander Abrams System for modular building construction

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3643390A (en) 1969-11-26 1972-02-22 Shelley Systems Inc Modular building structure
WO1998040573A1 (en) 1997-03-10 1998-09-17 Concrete Volumes Sweden Ab Device for detachably connecting four prefabricated building units included in a building
JPH1181481A (ja) 1997-09-08 1999-03-26 Misawa Homes Co Ltd 建物ユニットの連結構造
WO2006079682A1 (en) 2005-01-28 2006-08-03 Oy Shippax Ltd. Room arrangement, ship, building and method for constructing a room arrangement

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2610418A1 (de) 2011-12-27 2013-07-03 Neapo Oy Verfahren zur Renovierung eines Gebäudes und Gebäude

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2246493A3 (de) 2012-09-12
FI20090170L (fi) 2010-10-29
FI20090170A7 (fi) 2010-10-29
FI20090170A0 (fi) 2009-04-28

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