EP2239398B1 - Tower - Google Patents

Abstract

The tower (1) has partial ready-mix concrete wall elements (3,4) which are fitted on a base plate (2) in upright and stacked manner. The ready-mix concrete wall elements have a structure with polygon horizontal projection. The ready-mix concrete wall elements have a form of an equal-sided trapezium. An independent claim is also included for method for installing the tower.

Description

The invention relates to a tower, preferably for wind turbines, which consists at least partially of standing up on a foundation slab and stacked precast concrete wall elements, wherein the upwardly tapered tower is constantly created from flat precast concrete wall elements, the one having a polygon plan structure are composed. The invention further relates to a method for constructing a tower.

Wind power towers have been known for a long time. In this case one differentiates z. As conical tubular steel towers, lattice towers, guyed masts or hybrid towers. Especially with high plants, from 100 m height, z. As high conical tubular steel towers, which are made of individual, to be connected on site shots, very large pipe diameters are needed for static reasons. These individual pipe sections with the huge pipe diameters can be transported with known means of transport on the road or in extreme cases on hard to reach ways hardly.

But one has also already begun to make towers at least partially made of concrete. For a quick construction of such towers, it is already known to make the tower of precast concrete components. These are, as for example from the DE 603 09 668 T2 known to bent or angled prefabricated concrete components, which, if the tower is to taper upwards, must have different bending radii for each shot height. Therefore, a large number of shapes of different radii have to be prepared in order to achieve this be able to produce corresponding precast concrete wall elements. Although this solves the problem of easier transportation, the high cost of the many forms is not acceptable against the background of sustainability.

The JP 2007-120080 A Although disclosed for the construction of towers even flat concrete elements, but it rectangular and trapezoidal elements are necessary, which are set alternately side by side to form a tower. Ie. Again, there is a high cost for the many forms.

The DE 20 2007 003 842 U2 discloses in addition to even mast sections at least curved sections, so that here too a high cost of the molds must be operated.

The invention has for its object to improve a tower and a method for the construction of a tower in that its elements can be easily transported, that the tower can be quickly erected on site by prefabricated elements that the establishment safely and without complex scaffolding can be done quickly and that the production of the elements themselves is simple, sustainable cost-effective and time-saving.

To solve the problem, it is proposed that the flat prefabricated wall elements have the shape of an isosceles trapezoid that at least one of the standing directly on the foundation plate precast concrete wall elements has a lower height than the other directly on the bottom plate upright precast concrete wall elements that between the precast concrete forest elements raised directly on the floor slab and the top finished precast concrete wall elements all the precast concrete wall elements have the same height and that in the gaps between them Top Prefabricated Concrete Wall Elements Prefabricated concrete wall element lower height are used.

The fact that the precast concrete wall elements are flat, sufficient a flat formwork, in which only the wall elements adjustable, and must be adjustable to the desired level. Although a polygonal triangular plan shape is also suitable, the tower should preferably have an octagonal shape.

The use of isosceles trapezoids ensures that the tower tapers steadily upwards. Individual steps, as they may arise in existing from rounded precast concrete wall elements towers are thus excluded.

Due to the claimed arrangement of the lowest ring of precast concrete wall elements z. B. achieved in a polygon with eight equal sides that four equal long elements and four equal short elements are provided for the lowest ring, in the gaps between the long elements now four identical, long elements can be used and sufficiently secured, the in the second level, in turn, have gaps between them, in turn, the long elements are inserted and fixed. Through this climbing construction, the tower can be very quickly and above all very safe to build, as the precast concrete wall elements used in the gaps can be connected to the already existing side panels, so that even when building a great strength and security is given.

For example, if prefabricated concrete wall elements are used with a higher height of 10m, the tower can thus have heights in the grid of 5m height difference, depending on whether the top precast concrete wall elements on a high precast concrete wall elements or a precast concrete wall elements lesser height foot.

It is worth noting that the flat prefabricated concrete wall elements are provided in depth with bevelled cheeks. As a result, the individual precast concrete wall elements can be better adapted to each other. In the joints between the precast concrete wall elements less concreting must be.

It has been proven that the precast concrete wall elements are concreted with each other and with the foundation plate on concrete benches, and that the precast concrete wall elements have in the direction of their height sheaths, and that the precast concrete wall elements against each other and possibly against against inserted in the ducts tension strands the foundation are biased.

Due to the pre-stressed concrete parts, the loads in the vertical direction, in particular from wind power and the effects due to the rotor blades can be very well absorbed.

It is noteworthy that on top of a finishing finished concrete wall elements forming a top of a steel tower or the machine nacelle itself is arranged.

If the tower made of precast concrete elements already has a height of about 100 m, z. As the spire made of steel, which will then increase the tower then possibly by 30 m, are processed with significantly smaller diameters, as for the lowest shots of a steel tube tower with a height of 130 m. Such smaller diameters can also be delivered to rough terrain points. However, it is also possible to set up the machine nacelle directly on the finishing concrete wall elements forming the conclusion.

It is advisable to build a tower according to the invention, that the precast concrete wall elements are placed on the foundation plate and connected to this and each other, wherein at least one precast concrete wall element has a lower height, preferably half the height of the other wall elements, wherein the high and half-height prefabricated concrete wall elements are preferably placed alternately in the shape of the desired polygon plan that each high high concrete wall elements are placed on the thus constructed lower ring, the precast concrete wall elements are respectively inserted and connected in the gaps between the higher precast concrete wall elements, and that this climbing construction is continued up to the desired height of the tower and that only half-height ready-mixed concrete wall elements are used when reaching the desired height in the gaps present there.

Through the climbing construction ensures that the precast concrete wall elements can be safely placed on each other and support each other. As a result, a simple and secure connection of the precast concrete wall elements is given together. In addition, the climbing construction allows a very fast construction of the tower.

It is expedient that in the cladding of precast concrete wall elements tension strands are introduced, which are set after reaching the desired tower height under tension and pre-stress the precast concrete wall elements against each other and possibly against the foundation. This allows the tower to remove very high loads in the vertical direction.

• Fig. 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Turm;
• Fig. 2 perspektivisch den unteren Ring eines erfindungsgemäßen Turms, und.
• Fig. 3 perspektivisch den unteren Bereich eines erfindungsgemäßen Turms.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a figure. Showing:

• Fig. 1 a tower according to the invention;
• Fig. 2 in perspective, the lower ring of a tower according to the invention, and.
• Fig. 3 in perspective, the lower portion of a tower according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a tower 1, which stands on a foundation plate 2 and consists of individual prefabricated concrete wall elements 3, 4, the tip of which is formed by a conical steel tube 5, which carries the nacelle 6.

FIG. 2 shows the foundation plate 2, stand on the wall elements 3, 4 in the form of an octagonal polygon. The wall elements 3 have a high height, z. B. 10 m, while the wall elements 4 is half the height, z. B. 5 m have. Between each two wall elements 3, a wall element 4 is arranged. The resulting gap between the wall elements 3 serves to introduce a new wall element 3 ', wherein the wall element 3' not only stands up on the wall element 4 but can also be connected to the sides of the wall elements 3. In the next level, wall elements 3 "can now be inserted into the gaps then created.

This climbing construction is particularly safe because the individual wall elements not only stand up firmly, but can be connected at their sides equal to existing wall elements. The construction of such a tower is very fast. The transport of each z. B. 10 m long concrete elements can be done on the usual truck. Since they are also flat elements, they can easily be stacked or stored side by side on the truck.

At the upper end of the tower 3 ⁿ wall elements 4 'set in the last gaps between the wall elements, so that thereby an equal height of the upper ring of the tower is achieved. If necessary, the steel pipe 5 or possibly a machine nacelle 6 can be placed directly on this ring via an adapter 7 (see FIG. Fig. 1 ).

The individual precast concrete elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", ...., 3" all have the same height, while the eight required wall elements 4, 4' have half the height. For an octagonal polygon, four identical wall elements 3, 4 can always be used. The next higher wall elements then have to be formed again because of the conicity of the tower so that the two parallel sides of the isosceles trapezoid are each formed correspondingly shorter.

However, the corresponding precast concrete wall elements can be easily produced in a formwork. If the side boundaries of the formwork are set to the desired angle, the side boundaries only need to be adjusted towards each other for shortened parallel sides.

Reference numeral Overview

1

tower

2

foundation plate

3

wall element

4

wall element

5

steel tube

6

nacelle

7

adapter

Claims (6)

1. A tower (1), preferably for wind turbines, at least part of which consists of precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) that are stacked one on top of the other and positioned on a foundation slab (2), wherein the tower (1), which is continually tapered upwards, is created from flat precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) that are placed together to form a structure having a polygonal ground plan,
   characterized in that
   the flat precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) are in the shape of an isosceles trapezium,
   that at least one precast concrete wall element (4) of the precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) resting directly on top of the foundation slab (2) is not as high as the other precast concrete wall elements (3) resting directly on top of the foundation slab (2),
   that all the precast concrete wall elements (3) between the precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) resting directly on top of the foundation slab (2) and the topmost, capping precast concrete wall elements (3ⁿ, 4') are of the same height,
   and that precast concrete wall elements (4') of lesser height are inserted in the gaps between the topmost precast concrete wall elements (3ⁿ).
2. The tower (1) as recited in claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the flat precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) are furnished with lateral flanks that are angled towards the bottom.
3. The tower (1) as recited in claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) are arranged one below the other and joined in concrete to the foundation slab (2) via concrete recesses, and that the precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) have cladding tubes extending upwards and that the precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) are prestressed against each other by tensioning wires that are embedded in the cladding tubes.
4. The tower (1) as recited in any of claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   a tower top consisting of a steel tube (5) with a nacelle (6) located on top is positioned on the precast concrete wall elements (3ⁿ, 4') or on a corresponding adapter (7), or the nacelle (6) is arranged directly thereon.
5. A method for erecting a tower (1) as recited in at least one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) are deposited on the foundation slab (2) and are attached to the slab and to each other, wherein at least one precast concrete wall element (4) is less high, preferably half the height of the other precast concrete wall elements (3), wherein the full height and half height precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) are preferably arranged alternatingly in the shape of the desired polygon, that the respective full height precast concrete wall elements (3', 3", ... 3ⁿ) are arranged on the lower ring created thereby, wherein the precast concrete wall elements (3', 3", ... 3ⁿ) are inserted into the respective gaps between the higher precast concrete wall elements (3, 3', 3", 3^n-1) and connected thereto,
   and that the rising scaffold construction method is continued until the desired height of the tower (1) is reached,
   and that when the desired height is reached precast concrete wall elements (4') of lesser height are inserted in the spaces between the precast concrete wall elements that protrude higher (3, 3', 3", 3^n-1).
6. The method as recited in claim 5,
   characterized in that
   tensioning wires are embedded in the cladding tubes the cladding tubes of the precast concrete wall elements (3, 4), which tensioning wires are placed under tension when the desired tower height is reached and prestress the precast concrete wall elements (3, 4) against each other.

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