EP2229491B1 - Blade holder and method of use - Google Patents

Abstract

The holder i.e. gouging (1), has a spacing device (6.1) including a spacing element (7) that is arranged at the gouging and adjusted in position with respect to a receiver (5). The spacing element is moved between an operating position, for fitting a blade (2) in a spacing position, and a supplying position, for fitting the blade in the receiver in an installation position. The blade for cutting a subsurface is connected with a region including a cutter (8) at the subsurface in the installation position. The receiver includes a receiving part (5.1) with a receiving surface (5.2). Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a blade for sharpening surface area of a subsurface, comprising a blade body (2) a method for sharpening and shaving off surface area of a subsurface by a blade holder.

Description

The invention relates to a blade holder according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to a method for stripping and Abhobeln projecting from the ground supernatants by means of the blade holder according to claim 1, with inserted blade. A blade holder according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from JP 03046649 U known.

For example, when laying floor coverings, when the coverings are usually welded at their lateral edges using a welding filler material, protrusions or protrusions on the weld, which are subsequently removed by means of a blade or a knife holder with a blade, shaved or cut. Usually, a knife holder constructed as a so-called half moon knife is usually used with a cutting edge arranged on a narrow side, which extends longitudinally over approximately a quarter circle. It is customary to remove the weld twice, by first withdrawing a generally thicker layer by means of an additional carriage for spacing the crescent blade from the ground and then a thinner layer solely by means of the half-moon blade, placing it in an abutment position on the ground. Dealing with the half-moon knife is dangerous and cumbersome. In the JP 03 046649 U discloses a generic blade holder or gouging with attachable to a blade spacing elements for spacing the cutting edge of the substrate. As a result, the blade can also be guided in a spacing position and in an abutment position over the ground.

In the DE 10 2007 017 562 B3 a blade holder with a blade is described, the cutting edge of which has a blade edge eccentric with respect to its blade edge.

In the JP 57 86319 and the DE 197 24 975 A1 is proposed for cutting the supernatants each have a height adjustment for the blade.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a blade holder which is feasible with in the receiving space inserted blade for removing protruding from the ground supernatants in the abutment position and in the spacing position on the ground that the blade in a plane parallel or above the Surface of the substrate or just above the surface of the substrate can be cutting action.

The stated object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Thus, the blade holder with inserted in the receiving space blade for cutting protruding from the ground supernatants in the spacing position and in the investment position so on the ground feasible, that the blade in a plane parallel and above the surface of the substrate or just above the surface of the ground is cutting effective. For this purpose, as described below, a blade can be flexibly bent by pressing on the substrate such that it is arranged parallel to the substrate in the spacing position with a region having the cutting edge in the cutting direction or flat on the substrate in the abutting position is applied. The spacing of the blade from the ground is also a measure of a height of the projections from which they can be cut off the blade. This is the case, for example, for the removal of joint seams of floor coverings which are above the surface survive the floor covering. It is understood that for the gouging specific, ie suitably adapted blades can be used in order to obtain an optimum cutting performance can. Thus, the receiving space can be adapted to be used blades that the blade in the receiving space to the receiving space limiting, below to be explained elements, such as the spacer element, abuts and thus can be securely fixed in the receiving space. Thus, the method of the invention gouging over the substrate for stripping and planing the same can be done with one hand. A user can therefore support himself with his then free hand, for example, and thus work safer.

Preferably, the spacing element covers in its working position as far as the receiving space in the cutting direction on a bottom surface in use position of the gouging machine that the positioned in the receiving space blade can project only with the cutting edge or with a cutting section with the cutting edge in the cutting direction or that the cutting edge or the cutting section remains uncovered with the cutting edge to the ground. This allows the blade to be supported by the spacer over almost its entire extent in the cutting direction. The blade can thus be stabilized by the spacer element. This is for example of advantage when in particular irregularly distributed over the ground supernatants are cut off and thus the cut from the workflow can be done dangerously jerky or discontinuous over a cutting path. Thanks to the stabilization of the blade by the spacer element occupational safety against such dangerous cutting events can be increased.

The spacing element can be flexibly bent in the working position in the same way as the insertable blade in its spacing position and in its abutment position. Thus, the limited by the spacer element receiving space for the blade and a used in the receiving space Blade be bent in accordance with the bending of the spacer element. The spacer element can remain over the bend at least with a preferably in the cutting direction rear end portion in contact with the blade and thereby support the same and at least partially cover down. The blade inserted in the receiving space can be supported over its entire bend by means of the spacing element and, spaced apart from the spacing element, held spaced from the ground. The blade can thus be kept in a stable position in the receiving space by the spacing element also via its bending. It is understood that the cutting edge per se is preferably kept clear of its cutting insert via the bend of the blade and the spacer element, or can be exposed for the cutting insert.

Likewise, the spacing element in its ready position release the receiving space on its underside so far that at least the part of the receiving space, which is provided for the rear in the cutting direction with the cutting edge, is open in the insertion position of the gouging machine. This allows the blade to be exposed with its rear portion to its cutting insert. At least further portions of the blade may remain downwardly supported in the deployed position of the spacer member.

The blade used in the receiving space can be applied directly to the substrate in the abutment position with its lower side surface in use position in at least one cutting region of the rear region having the cutting edge. Depending on the spacing of the cutting edge of the blade from the larger side surfaces of the blade, a cut of the blade may be made directly at or just above the surface of the ground. It is known that, due to a reduction of mechanical stresses as a result of the cutting process, the cutting of a plastic weld usually usually occurs a section just above the surface of the substrate then the minimum seam projection back, so that in spite of the seam overhang a smooth surface can be achieved.

For this purpose, the blade can be bent around a bending axis perpendicular to the cutting direction and parallel to a cutting plane in which the blade is cutting-effective. This bending preferably takes place in the region of the blade which has a cutting edge in the cutting direction and with which the blade projects beyond the receptacle in the cutting direction in the provision position of the spacer element.

The receiving space of the gouging machine is preferably designed such that the blade which can be held in the receptacle is arranged with its cutting edge at least with a component of its longitudinal extension perpendicular to the cutting direction. Preferably, the blade is positionable in the receiving space such that its cutting edge is arranged mirror-symmetrically in the gouging machine with respect to the longitudinal direction as a mirror symmetry axis. Preferably, the longitudinal direction and the cutting direction coincide.

Thus, a removal and Abhobeln a surface of a substrate by means of a gouging with one of the embodiments described in the application can be made so that in a first stripping of the substrate, wherein the spacer is positioned in the working position and the blade by means of the spacer in the spacing position is held, the supernatants are cut off on the ground except for residual projections. Upon completion of the first peel, the spacer member may be moved from the operative position to the ready position in which the blade is guidable over the same at least with the rear portion adjacent the surface. Then, a second removal of the substrate can take place, in which the blade preferably cuts off the remaining projections as close as possible to the surface of the substrate. Conveniently, the spacer element can then in its working position moved back to be ready for a first peel and to protect and stabilize the blade in the receptacle.

The receiving space can be adjusted with respect to its cross-section transverse to the cutting direction of the cross section of the provided for the gouging blade.

The receptacle may have a receiving part which is firmly connected to the gouging machine. Preferably, the receiving part adjacent to the handle. The receiving part may have a receiving surface, which limits the receiving space. The receiving surface may be arranged opposite to the spacing element with respect to the receiving space. The receiving space may be formed so that the holder of the blade is provided with its blade side surface on the receiving surface in the receiving space, so that the blade can be securely arranged between the receiving surface and the spacer element in the receptacle. The spacer element can be arranged in a positionally variable parallel to the receiving surface for receiving on the blade holder.

In a preferred embodiment of the gouging machine, the spacing element can be arranged to be pivotable with a pivot axis perpendicular to the receiving surface on the gouging machine.

The spacer element may have a flat elongate shape with a large side surface. Thus, the spacer element may have a similar shape to a blade. Advantageously, at least in the working position, the spacing element abuts flat against the blade in the receiving space and thereby effectively supports the same. Preferably, the pivot axis is arranged perpendicular to the large side surface in an end portion formed as a support portion of the spacer element.

The spacing element can in the working position with an end formed as a support portion for supporting the blade projecting in the cutting direction over the recording.

The spacer element can be designed so that it is flexibly flexible in the working position under a pressure load acting on the support section in the direction of the pivot axis, at least with its support section about an axis perpendicular to the pivot axis and perpendicular to the cutting direction. Thus, in the working position, the spacing element can be flexibly bent onto the ground, for example under the manual counter-pressure of a user, such that it preferably lies flat against at least one end section of its side surface of the support section facing the ground in the deployment position of the gouging machine. With a similar flexible design of the blade can thus be bent in the working position of the spacer element so that the blade is always supported by the spacer or that the spacer element remains in constant contact with the blade. As a result, the blade in the spacing position with its cutting edge can be moved over the same cutting edge parallel to the ground.

The positioning aid can comprise a stop device for the blade and / or the spacer element, by means of which the blade insertable in the gouging machine and / or the spacer element can be held in a specific bending position or bending angle to the ground. The gouging machine can, as explained, be designed so that the blade used for cutting supernatants at least with their rear area flat on the ground can be applied. By holding the blade in a certain fixed bending position over the cutting operation, a cutting action of the blade can be further optimized. Furthermore, the safety at work can be increased.

Preferably, the stop device has a stop element which limits the receiving space in the bending position in the insertion position of the gouging machine on the side facing away from the ground. Thus, a blade inserted in the receiving space can be pressed by its bending against the stop element in the bending position and easily held in the same. This back pressure can be done by pressing the blade against the ground. After completion of the cutting process, ie with the end of the pressing of the blade against the ground, the blade can return elastically to its original position. The stop device may comprise means, preferably latching means, for fixing the blade in the bending position in which the blade is pressed against the stop element.

The stop device may comprise a fixing device for fixing the blade or the blade and the spacer element in the bending position defined by the stop element. Preferably, the fixing device has latching elements for fixing the blade or the blade and the spacing element in the bending position defined by the stop element.

The stop member may be fixed with a mounting end on the gouging machine. The stop element is expediently arranged on the side facing away from the substrate in the insertion position of the gouging machine or on the side facing away from the spacing element. The determination of the stop element on the gouging can be done in a similar manner as in the spacer element and or the blade. Preferably, the same receptacle is provided for the stop element as for the spacer element and / or for the blade. Here, the attachment end may have a longitudinal axial slot or a through hole for receiving the pivot axis. It can be provided a pivoting of the stop element, for example, to be an impact above the pivotal stop element. This may be designed to attack at another point or area of the blade and / or to limit the receiving space. It may be designed to change the bending of the blade striking the stop element in the bending position. Preferably, a detachable fixing of the stop element is provided, which allows an interchangeability of the stop element. In this way, a stop element adapted to the blade and / or the ground, for example, can be mounted on the gouging machine. The stop element may have a stop end which extends with a path component in the cutting direction to the receiving space. For this purpose, a number of expedient embodiments of the stop end, such as an arcuate, step-like or box-like shape is possible. Preferred is a cranked shape.

The abutment end may be U-shaped with two extending to the receiving space stop legs. In the working position, the blade and stop element are preferably positioned relative to one another in such a way that chips shaved off the blade can be guided through the intermediate space between the tee legs and led away. For easier continuation of the chips, the transverse web may be beveled at the side surface facing the intermediate space, so that the intermediate space narrows at this point to the receiving space, preferably linearly. Like the spacer element, the transverse web of the stop element can be extended in a tongue-like manner opposite the cutting direction to form the fastening end. In the case of an offset, this can be provided in the extension of the cross bar.

The stop element may be formed variable in length. In this case, the stop element may be telescopic. It can have two telescoping telescopic members.

The support portion may completely or substantially release the receiving space on its underside in the ready position. This can be done in that the spacing element is arranged so pivoted in the supply position at an angle greater than zero to the cutting direction that its support portion projects laterally from the receiving space. The angle may have a value of about 20 ° to 130 °. Advantageously, for easy handling of the gouging machine, the angle is about 30 ° to 60 ° or about 40 ° to 50 °. It can thus be easily flexibly bent so that it can be applied to achieve their investment position with at least the rear side in the cutting direction with the cutting edge of their in use position the ground side facing the substrate surface.

Preferably, the spacing element extends in the plane of its large side surface and perpendicular to the cutting direction at least up to a lateral boundary of the receiving space. Thus, the blade inserted in the receptacle, effectively covered in the transverse direction, can be safely stored against injury by a sharp lateral side of the blade, since this narrow side can pass to the narrow side of the spacer element. By means of a preferred lateral overhanging of the spacer element over the lateral narrow side of the blade, it can be shielded.

To form a pivot connection of the spacer element, a rotatable rotary element can be provided, which is preferably fixed to the spacer element and is rotatably connected to the joint scraper, in particular to the receptacle. Here, the rotary member can also form the pivot axis. The rotary element may preferably extend from the lower side surface of the spacer element delimiting the receiving space through the receiving space and may be rotatably mounted on an opposite upper side wall of the receiver which delimits the receiving space. In this case, the rotary element can be arranged guided through the receiving space such that it simultaneously engages through an opening or a fastening slot of a blade mounted in the receptacle and thus secures or secures it in the receptacle at least with respect to a spatial direction. By this measure, the blade in the working position of the spacer element supported by it and partially supported in the staging position. The rotary element can be a screw, preferably a rim screw, which can be fixed or fixed to the spacer element and / or to the receptacle. Preferably, the rotary member is formed as a pivot.

To form the rotatable mounting known solutions come into consideration. A preferred, because simple solution is a rotatable riveting of the pivot with the upper side wall of the recording. Advantageously, a releasable connection, such as a screw connection can be provided. As a result, for example, the spacer element can be easily replaced or replaced by a spacer element adapted to a changed blade. It can also be adapted to user-specific characteristics, such as left-handedness, by being detached from the gouging machine and rotated by 180 ° about its longitudinal axis, re-connected to the gouging machine.

The gouging machine can comprise, in a simple construction and for its simple handling, an elongated body with a working end having the receptacle and the handle formed as a handle. Preferably, the spacing element is pivotally mounted at the working end. The cutting direction can in this case have in a rest position of the gouging machine, in which the gouging machine is mechanically unloaded, from the handling end to the working end in the longitudinal direction of the body. As a result, an initiated by a user in the gouging force can be optimally forwarded to the blade.

In the working position of the spacer element, the gouging machine can be designed essentially mirror-symmetrically to a central, longitudinal section plane having the pivot axis as a mirror symmetry plane.

The spacer element may have an elongated shape with a U-shaped outline. In this case, the spacer element two legs which extend in the working position in the cutting direction and form the support portion, and a crosspiece connecting the legs, which forms the support portion include. Preferably, the crosspiece is formed tongue-like extended against the cutting direction. The resulting outline shape can be described as a Y-shape.

The spacing element may be designed to be fixable in the working position on the gouging machine or on the receptacle, which facilitates safe working with the gouging machine. This determination can, as described above, initially be effected by the pivot pin forming the pivot axis, wherein the pivot pin is preferably arranged in the end section of the transverse web extending opposite to the cutting direction.

Preferably, the spacing element is formed variable in length with respect to its longitudinal extent. As a result, it can be adapted to intended blades and / or surfaces to be ground. The spacing element preferably has telescopic links in the longitudinal direction. Preferably, the members are formed and arranged in the gouging machine so that the support portion is formed by means of a member telescopable out of the support portion.

In addition, or alone, if, for example, a translational positional variability of the spacer element is provided on the gouging, spring-like, the receiving space laterally limiting locking elements may be provided on the recording. These locking elements can rest laterally thereon in the working position of the spacer element. Preferably, the locking elements are in pairs opposite each other with respect to the receiving space. Preferably, the locking elements are arranged spaced apart in the cutting direction to the pivot axis. Preferably, two locking elements are provided, which form a triangle with respect to their arrangement to the receiving space with the pivot axis, wherein the locking elements with respect to the cutting direction are arranged at a height.

The latching elements may be formed as clamp-like leaf springs, which are preferably bent around a bending axis parallel to the cutting direction and towards the center of the receptacle. Thus, when pivoting the spacer element toward the receiving space, the latching elements exert a substantially smaller spring force counteracting this pivoting than pivoting the spacing element away from the receiving space so that latching of the spacing element can take place in its working position.

Due to the bending of the spring elements, the spacing element in its working position and the blade arranged in the receiving space, which can be arranged congruently one above the other and adjacent to one another in the processing position, are clamped over and thus held securely. In the ready position, the spacing element is preferably pivoted or displaced with respect to latching elements so far that the latching elements are released by the spacing element. The locking elements may be positioned in the ready position so that they are neither held by the locking elements nor touch or cover, so that the blade easily lifted out of the locking connection and removed from the receiving space or inserted into the receiving space and locked with the locking elements can. Preferably, recesses are provided laterally on the spacer element and in the amount of the spring elements, in which the latching elements engage in the working position of the spacer element in a latching manner. The blade may have the same indentations, which may be arranged in the working position congruent to those of the spacer element.

For easy manual actuation of the spacer element may be provided laterally projecting on the support portion handling section. This handling section may be formed tab-shaped or ear-shaped. He can protrude laterally in the working position of the recording. The gouging machine can be held in the hand of a user so that it is supported with the handle end inside on the palm and with his working end in the cutting direction preferably protrudes away from the body of the user and thus approximately in extension of the user's arm. Conveniently, the handling portion is then positioned so that it faces the thumb of the hand. Thus, the handling section can be actuated by means of the thumb of the hand, which also holds and guides the gouging machine, so that a one-handed operation of the gouging machine is possible. The user can therefore support himself with his other hand, for example. Thus, a fast and safe work with the gouging machine can be guaranteed.

Increasing the occupational safety, the handling section may be color-coded and / or have a different from the gouging surface structure, such as a corrugation, have. Since, as described above, the spacing element can be releasably connected to the gouging machine or to the receptacle, the same can be fixed to the gouging machine in such a way that it protrudes laterally with respect to the cutting direction on the left or right with the handling section. Thus, the gouging machine can be set up either for one-handed operation for left-handers or for right-handed people. Preferably, the spacer element is pivotable on both sides in the angle to the cutting direction from its working position in its ready position. For this purpose, the handling section can be provided on both sides of the spacer element. Thus, the spacer element may be equally suitable for left-handed and right-handed people without additional provisions.

The handling end can be designed as a handle. This handle can be ergonomically designed and in particular for supporting against the cutting direction in the palm of a hand User be trained. In particular, the handle may have a profiling with preferably facing the cutting direction profile side surfaces.

To further improve an easier and safer removal of the surface of a substrate or a floor covering, a blade for a blade holder according to one of the previously described embodiments may be provided, which is not part of the present invention. The blade may include a flat blade body having large blade side surfaces and narrow sides connecting the blade side surfaces and a blade disposed at a rear narrow side in the cutting direction. Advantageously, the blade may have the same outline shape as the spacer element. It can be the same blade and spacer in the working position of the spacer to the rear narrow side of the blade with the blade congruent superimposed and flat against each other applied to the gouging machine or in the same recording. The blade can be constructed mirror-symmetrically with respect to a central longitudinal axis running in the cutting direction.

The spacing element may, as described above, have an elongated shape with a U-shaped outline with two legs, the legs extending in the working position in the cutting direction and forming the support section. Adapted to this, the blade can have the cutting edge only in a middle region of the rear narrow side, wherein the middle region can be arranged in the working position of the blade between the legs. As a result, further protection against the cutting edge can be achieved.

The blade can advantageously have an undercut introduced in the cutting direction in front of the cutting edge into the blade side surface facing the substrate in the working position of the blade. The relief grinding can thus be arranged in a cutting sequence behind the cutting edge. Through this relief can be introduced a depression in the blade side surface. This can be used to reduce the friction of the blade on the ground and thus the force required to move the gouging machine over the ground. Furthermore, it can be achieved in this way that the blade adheres to the same "sticky" during the processing of a basically smooth substrate. If the cutting edge extends only over the middle region of the rear narrow side, as a result of the reduced frictional force during the relief grinding, greater frictional forces can occur in the edge regions of the narrow side, which can center with respect to the cutting direction.

It can be provided that depression increases in the direction opposite to the cutting direction in terms of depth and / or width perpendicular to the cutting direction. Thus, the necessary contact pressure can be further reduced and working with the gouging machine can be made safer.

Preferably, the cutting edge has a curved course. In this case, the cutting edge can be sickle-shaped and preferably extend concavely into the blade body. Preferably, the cutting edge is mirror-symmetrical with respect to its cutting direction and / or its cutting plane. Thanks to the sickle-like design and symmetrical arrangement of the cutting edge when cutting in the cutting direction, the effect may occur that the blade itself centered on a straight line cutting. From the outer edges of the cutting edge to the central region of the cutting edge, cutting forces act perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the blade, decreasing towards the center. Because of the symmetrical design of the blade these forces are mirror symmetry equal to perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and then cancel when the blade is moved exactly in the cutting direction. Leaving this symmetry, for example, by changing the cutting direction, they are greater on one side of the cutting direction than on the other side and add up so a correction force that exerts a force pulse on the blade for aligning the longitudinal axis of the blade in the cutting direction. This self-centering of the cutting edge or the blade in the cutting direction supports a one-handed operation with the gouging machine. It can be achieved safe working with the gouging machine with inserted blade.

The middle region of the narrow side with the cutting edge can be offset by an amount against the cutting direction from the rear narrow side into the blade body. The blade thus does not protrude dangerously and can be protected laterally by the remaining rear narrow side.

The blade may have an elongate shape with a cutting portion having the cutting edge and a holding portion. The cutting edge may have a cutting edge disposed in one of the blade side surfaces or spaced from the blade side surfaces. Preferably, the cutting edge is arranged off-center with respect to a blade thickness. As a result, the cutting edge of the blade shielded and thus the handling of the blade can be made safe. Due to the eccentric arrangement of the cutting edge, the same can be moved accordingly in two different spacings above the ground. In order for the Abhobeln supernatants can also be done in three cutting steps by the blade cuts in a first step in the spacing position, the supernatants on residual projections. In a second step, the blade in the investment position, but with the cutting edge spaced apart from the ground, continue to cut off the remaining projections or planing off. In a third step, the blade can be used in the abutment position turned by 180 ° so that its cutting edge rests on the substrate or is only slightly spaced therefrom, so that the residual overhangs can be completely planed off. It can also be the spacer element used only when higher residual projections than those by the off-center Cutting edge achievable be desired. The cutting edge is preferably arranged parallel to the side surfaces.

The off-center cutting edge may be spaced a distance a from the blade side surface and at a distance b from the other blade side surface. The ratio of the distances a / b may be less than 1, preferably less than or equal to 1/2 and greater than or equal to 1/10.

The cutting edge is preferably arranged in the insert side lower blade side surface. As a result, supernatants of the ground can be cut close to its surface by means of the blade.

• Erstes Abziehen des Untergrundes, wobei das Beabstandungselement in der Arbeitsposition positioniert ist und die Klinge mittels des Beabstandungselementes in der Beabstandungsposition so gehalten wird, dass die Überstände auf dem Untergrund bis auf Restüberstände abgeschnitten werden,
• Bewegen, insbesondere Verschwenken oder Verschieben, des Beabstandungselementes aus der Arbeitsposition in die Bereitstellungsposition, in der die Klinge ohne Beabstandung von der Oberfläche über dieselbe führbar ist,
• Zweites Abziehen, wobei mittels der Klinge die Restüberstände von dem Untergrund abgeschnitten werden.

By means of the gouging plane according to one of the previously described embodiments with a blade inserted in the receptacle, a substrate can be removed or planed with the following method steps:

• First removing the substrate, wherein the spacer element is positioned in the working position and the blade is held by means of the spacer element in the spacing position so that the supernatants are cut off on the ground to residual overhangs,
• Moving, in particular pivoting or shifting, the spacing element from the working position into the provision position in which the blade can be guided without spacing from the surface via the same,
• Second peeling, whereby the remaining supernatants are cut off from the ground by means of the blade.

The blade is preferably parallel to or in a cutting plane in the surface of the substrate. As described above, the blade and spacer may be arranged in the spaced apart position with respect to each other so as to be unbent and flexibly positioned about the bending axis, bent parallel to each other and abutting one another in the gouging machine are. The deflection of the blade and / or the spacer element can be limited by a stop. This will ensure that the blade is in its spaced position as well as in their investment position in an optimal bending position and thus can be positioned in an optimal cutting position to the ground and this optimal bending position on the method of the gouging machine can be maintained over the ground, without requiring corrections such as increased or reduced pressing the blade against the Underground are necessary.

Subsequently, the spacer element can be moved back into its working position back, in particular pivoted back or pushed back. As a result, the gouging machine is ready for another cut off supernatants again. Further, in this position of the spacer element, the blade in the receptacle can be most effectively protected, so that the gouging machine can best be stored in this state.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Untersicht auf einen Fugenhobel mit Klinge und mit einem Beabstandungselement in einer Arbeitsposition,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Untersicht auf den Fugenhobel mit der Klinge und mit dem Beabstandungselement in einer Bereitstellungsposition,

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf den Fugenhobel mit der Klinge und mit dem Beabstandungselement in der Bereitstellungsposition,

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht auf die Klinge gemäß Figuren 1 bis 3,

Fig. 5

eine Unteransicht auf die Klinge gemäß Figur 4,

Fig. 6a

eine Seitenansicht auf die Klinge gemäß Figur 4,

Fig. 6b

eine Schnittansicht gemäß den Schnittverlauf A - A in Figur 4,

Fig. 7a

eine Schnittansicht eines Fußbodenbelages mit Schweißnaht und eine Seitenansicht eines vorderen Abschnittes des Fugenhobels mit eingesetzter Klinge und Beabstandungselement in einer Biegeposition beim ersten Abziehen der Schweißnaht,

Fig. 7b

eine Schnittansicht des Fußbodenbelages mit der zu einem Restüberstand abgezogenen Schweißnaht und eine Seitenansicht des vorderen Abschnittes des Fugenhobels mit gebogener eingesetzter Klinge in der Anlageposition und verschwenktem Beabstandungselement in der Bereitstellungsposition beim zweiten Abziehen der Schweißnaht,

Fig. 8

eine Detailansicht X gemäß dem in Figur 7b gezeigten Ausschnitt X, wobei die Klinge in einer Längsschnittsansicht gezeigt ist,

Fig. 9

eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf eine weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des Fugenhobels mit dem Beabstandungselement in der Arbeitsposition,

Fig. 10

eine perspektivische Unteransicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel des Fugenhobels gemäß Figur 9,

Fig. 11

eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel des Fugenhobels gemäß Figur 9 mit dem Beabstandungselement in der Bereitstellungsposition,

Fig. 12

eine perspektivische Unteransicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel des Fugenhobels gemäß Figur 11,

Fig. 13

bis Fig. 14 in gleicher Weise wie in den Figuren 7 bis 8 Darstellungen zur Demonstration des Verfahrens des Fugenhobels über einen Untergrund, jedoch hier mit der Ausführungsform des Fugenhobels gemäß den Figuren 9 bis 12.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in a drawing. In the drawing show:

Fig. 1

a perspective bottom view of a gouging with blade and with a spacer element in a working position,

Fig. 2

a perspective bottom view of the gouging with the blade and with the spacer in a ready position,

Fig. 3

a perspective top view of the gouging with the blade and with the spacer in the ready position,

Fig. 4

a plan view of the blade according to FIGS. 1 to 3 .

Fig. 5

a bottom view of the blade according to FIG. 4 .

Fig. 6a

a side view of the blade according to FIG. 4 .

Fig. 6b

a sectional view according to the section A - A in FIG. 4 .

Fig. 7a

a sectional view of a floor covering with weld and a side view of a front portion of the gouging machine with inserted blade and spacer in a bending position at the first removal of the weld,

Fig. 7b

a sectional view of the floor covering with the withdrawn to a residual projection weld and a side view of the front portion of the gouging machine with curved inserted blade in the abutment position and pivoted spacer element in the ready position at the second peeling off the weld,

Fig. 8

a detailed view X according to the in FIG. 7b shown section X, wherein the blade is shown in a longitudinal sectional view,

Fig. 9

a perspective top view of another embodiment of the gouging with the spacer in the working position,

Fig. 10

a perspective bottom view of the embodiment of the gouging according to FIG. 9 .

Fig. 11

a perspective top view of the embodiment of the gouging according to FIG. 9 with the spacer in the ready position,

Fig. 12

a perspective bottom view of the embodiment of the gouging according to FIG. 11 .

Fig. 13

to Fig. 14 in the same way as in the FIGS. 7 to 8 Representations to demonstrate the method of gouging on a substrate, but here with the embodiment of the gouging in accordance with the FIGS. 9 to 12 ,

In the FIGS. 1 to 3 and 9 to 12 Two embodiments of a blade holder K designed here as a gouging machine 1 are shown with an inserted blade 2 in a perspective bottom view or in a perspective top view, while in FIG FIGS. 4 to 6 By way of example, the blade 2 is shown in different views per se. In the FIGS. 7 to 8 and FIGS. 13 to 14 each show a method for removing and shaving off a surface of a substrate U, that is to say here a weld S as a supernatant Ü to be removed, based on two method steps outlined here.

The gouging machine 1 has a handle 3 with a handle 3.1, a receptacle 4 for the blade 2 comprehensive recording 5 for fixing the blade 2 on the gouging machine 1 and a positioning aid 6 for positioning the blade 2 relative to the substrate U on spacing device 6.1. The positioning aid 6 comprises a spacing device 6.1 with a spacer element 7, by means of which the blade 2 in a in the FIGS. 1 . 7a . 9, 10 and 13a shown spacing position in the receptacle 5 is positioned so that the blade 2 for processing the substrate U or for removing the weld S with its cutting edge 8 spaced so can be positioned to the substrate U that they parallel to the surface of the substrate in a cutting direction s U is movable on the same. The latter is in Fig. 7a shown. As in the FIGS. 7 and 13 Blade 2 and spacer element or alone the blade 2 to the cutting insert are flexibly bent about a bending axis b parallel to the substrate U and perpendicular to the cutting direction s, that they abut the end U indirectly or directly flat on the substrate U.

The spacing element 7 is arranged so as to be storable for receiving 5 on the gouging machine 1. Here, the spacing element 7 is between a in Fig. 1 and Fig. 7a shown working position for holding the blade 2 in the spacing position and one in the Figures 2 and 3 shown supply position for mounting the blade 2 in the receptacle 5 in an abutment position movable. In the investment position, the blade 2, in particular the FIGS. 7b and 8 removable, for processing the substrate U or for removing the weld S just above the surface O of the substrate U with a cutting area having 9 on the substrate U applied so that the cutting direction s is parallel to the substrate U.

As in particular the FIGS. 4 to 6 clearly visible, the blade 2 has a flat blade body 10 with large blade side surfaces 11 and the blade side surfaces 11 connecting narrow sides 12, wherein the cutting edge 8 is arranged on the rear in the cutting direction s narrow side 12h. The receptacle 5 has a receiving part 5.1, which is fixedly arranged on the gouging machine 1 and connects to the handle 3.1. The receiving part 5.1 comprises a receiving surface 5.2, which limits the receiving space 4 and on which the blade 2 rests with a blade side surface 11. Thus, the blade 2 between the receiving surface 5.2 and spacing element 7 is securely arranged in the receiving space 4. The spacing element 7 is arranged so as to be storable about a pivot axis a perpendicular to the receiving surface 5.2 on the gouging machine 1.

As in particular in Fig. 1 recognizable, the spacing element 7 covers in its working position the receiving space 4 at an in FIGS. 7a and b Removable bottom 13 in the cutting direction s so far that the positioned in the receiving space 4 blade 2 projects only with a portion of its cutting edge 8 in the cutting direction s. In Fig. 2 the spacer element 7 is pivoted from the working position to the provision position in which it releases the receiving space 4 on its underside 13 so far that a cutting section 14 with the rear in the cutting direction 9 for abutment against the substrate U in the in FIGS. 7 and 8 shown insert position of the gouging machine 1 is uncovered at the bottom. This allows the area 9, as in Fig. 7 shown to be created under bending the blade 2 directly on the ground U flat.

The spacer element 7 has a flat, oblong shape with a large side surface 15, wherein the pivot axis a is arranged perpendicular to the large side surface 15 in an end portion of the spacing element 7 designed as a holding portion 16. Thus, the spacer element 7 is parallel to the receiving surface 5.2 or parallel to the blade side surfaces 11 of the receptacle 5 recorded blade 2 pivotable. Furthermore, blade 2 and spacer element 7 lie flat in the working position of the spacer element 7 as well as in the provision position of the spacer element 7, ie the spacer element 7 delimits the receiving chamber 4 downwards. The blade 2 is supported by means of the spacer element 7 downwards. In this case, the spacing element 7 is in its working position ( Fig. 1 ) with a designed as a support portion 17 end for supporting the blade 2 in the cutting direction s on the receptacle 5 before. Furthermore, spacer element 7 and blade 2 are formed substantially congruent with respect to their outer contour except for the rear narrow side 12h of the blade 2. As a result, the blade 2, with the exception of the central region of the rear narrow side 12h, is supported in the receiving position 5 with the cutting edge 8 in the working position of the spacing element 7 over its entire lengthwise extent.

Spacer element 7 and blade 2 are designed in terms of their flexibility so that they, as in Fig. 7a and 7b shown flexible to a bending axis b perpendicular to the pivot axis a and perpendicular to the cutting direction s are flexibly flexible.

The spacer element 7 is in the ready position (FIG. Fig. 2 and 3 ) at an angle β> 0 ° to the cutting direction s pivotally arranged so that its support portion 17 protrudes laterally from the receiving space 4. In the position shown here, the angle β is about 40 °, wherein the spacing element 7 can be pivoted even further by a total of 140 °.

Spacing element 7 and blade 2 have an elongate shape with an approximately U-shaped outline, wherein the spacing element 7 comprises two legs 18 which extend in the working position in the cutting direction s and form the support section 17. Both have a transverse web 19, which extends in a tongue-like manner opposite to the cutting direction s. This forms at the blade 2 a holding portion 20 and the spacer element 7, the support portion 16. The blade 2, notwithstanding the shape of the spacer element 7, with respect to its cutting portion 14 has an approximately triangular outline with a cutting direction s rear triangle side 21, the the rear narrow side 12h with the cutting edge 8 includes, while the other two sides of the triangle 21 converge to the holding portion 20. Blade 2 and spacer element 7 are constructed mirror-symmetrically, wherein the spacer element 7, an additional, laterally mounted on a leg 18 handling section 22 is provided, which breaks the mirror symmetry of the spacer element 7 in this point.

As a particularly noteworthy feature, the blade 2 has a relief cut 23 with a recess 24 and a through-opening 25, wherein the relief cut 23 with the recess 24 opens laterally into the through-opening 25 counter to the cutting direction s. The relief cut 23 begins counter to the cutting direction s at a small distance 26 to the cutting edge 27 of the cutting edge 8. The recess 24 is lowered, as in Fig. 8 shown, straight from the passage opening 25 down. The passage opening 25 is formed slot-like with respect to its cross-section, as extending in the cutting direction s longitudinally. The relief bevel 23 and through-opening 25 reduce static friction and sliding friction of the blade 2 when they are guided over the substrate U under contact with their cutting section 14 above the substrate U. becomes.

The cutting edge 8 is sickle-shaped. When cutting the overhang Ü in the cutting direction s of the blade 2, cutting forces F occur which have a force component F _q transverse to the cutting direction s of the blade 2. If the blade 2 is guided exactly in the cutting direction s, ie in the longitudinal direction l of the blade 2 or of the gouging machine 1, the force component F _{q in the} middle of the cutting edge 8 is zero and increases approximately sinusoidally on both sides towards the edges of the cutting edge. Because of the mirror symmetry of the blade 2 and thus the cutting edge 8, the force components Fq cancel each other out. But if the gouging machine is guided so that the longitudinal direction forms an angle greater than zero with the cutting direction, the force components and the force components in the cutting direction on the two sides are unequal and add up to a here referred to as a correction force acting on the side, to the blade holder K and the gouging machine is pivoted to the cutting direction s is performed. This causes an increased cutting resistance on this side and thus at the same time a nearly automatic correction of the shape, the gouging machine and thus the blade are pushed back with their longitudinal axes in the cutting direction.

For further determination of the blade 2 and the spacing element 7 in the working position, the receiving space 4 laterally limiting locking elements 28 are provided on the receptacle 5, in which blade 2 and Beabstandungselement7 abut laterally. The leaf springs 29 are opposite to each other at the same height with respect to the longitudinal direction l of the blade 2 and gouging 1 and in the cutting direction s guided to the pivot axis a, so that these three points span a not shown here triangle. The locking elements 28 are designed as leaf springs 29, the clamp-like clamp the blade 2 in the abutment position and blade 2 and spacer element 7 in the working position on the receptacle 5. For better fixation 7 recesses 30 are provided laterally on the blade 2 and the spacer element, in which the locking elements 28 engage in fixing.

From one of the receptacle 5 facing, here concealed side surface of the support portion 16 of the spacer element 7 from the pivot axis a forming pivot 31 is provided to form the pivotal connection of the spacer element 7 with the receptacle 5. This extends, which is hidden in the drawing, through the receiving space 4 and is rotatably mounted on an opposite, the receiving space 4 limiting upper side wall of the receptacle 5.

As in FIGS. 4 to 6 it can be seen, the blade 2 has an end-side mounting slot 32 into which the blade 2 engages for its reception and fixing in the receptacle 5 of the pivot pin 31. Thus, the blade 2 can be pushed against the cutting direction s in the receiving space 4, wherein the leaf springs 29 expand elastically and engage with reaching the indentations 30 in the same. The spacing element 7 is guided during pivoting from the working position to its provision position laterally over one of the leaf springs 29, which yields correspondingly elastic.

In Figure 7a the first removal of the substrate U is shown, wherein the spacer element 7 is positioned in the working position and the blade 2 is held by means of the spacer element 7 in the spacing position so that the weld S is cut to a residual projection R. In the FIG. 7b In a second removal of the substrate U, the blade 2 is guided over the same without spacing from the surface of the substrate U, whereby the residual overhang R is cut off. In FIG. 8 is clearly visible that the cutting edge 27 is applied directly to the substrate U and that the recess 24 is formed by the relief grinding 23, which further depressed against the cutting direction s rectilinearly and opens into the passage opening 25.

In the FIGS. 11 to 14 will be another embodiment of Gouging 1 and its operation shown.

Furthermore, the handle 3.1 is more ergonomically adapted to the hand interior not shown here, the curves of the user, not shown here, so that the handle 3.1 can be safely supported in the hand interior in the cutting direction s. In addition, the handle 3 overlaps with a projection 3.2 in the insertion position of the gouging machine 1 on the upper side of the receiving part 5.1, whereby an improved protection against the blade 2 is achieved. For easier removal of the planed shavings, the upper-side sliding surface 5.3 is inclined to the longitudinal axis 1 such that it forms an acute angle with the cutting direction s. Furthermore, slide surface 5.3 is formed slightly curved concavely to its center.

In the in the FIGS. 9 to 12 alone and in the FIGS. 13 to 14 shown in the cutting insert, embodiment of the jointer as 1 blade holder K includes the positioning aid 6 additionally a stopper 6.2. The stop device 6.2 has a stop element 33 for positioning the blade K and / or the spacing element 7 in a specific bending position. Blade 2 and spacer element 7 are in FIG. 9a or blade 2 in FIG. 9b shown in this bending position. Blade 2 and spacer element 7 are, as in the first embodiment of the gouging with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 3 and 7 to 8 Explained to the bending axis b flexibly flexible, so that they can lie directly or indirectly flat in the bending position on the ground and the cutting edge 8 can be performed according to parallel to the surface of the substrate on the same. By means of the stop element 33, the bend is limited to a certain extent by the inserted in the receiving space 4 blade 2 is pressed under Endseitigem placement on the substrate U against the stop member and held there as long as the blade is sufficiently strong pressed against the substrate U. By the stop element 33 thus an optimal bending position of the blade 2 is set, wherein the receiving space. 4 is limited in the bending position in use position of the gouging machine 1 on the side remote from the substrate U side of the stop element 33.

The stop element 33 is formed cranked. It has a stop end 34 and a fastening end 35. It extends with the stop end 34 with a path component in the cutting direction s towards the receiving space 4. For this purpose it engages arcuately on the side facing away from the spacing element 7 side of the receiving space 4 to the limitation. The abutment end 34 is U-shaped with the longitudinal axis l mirror-symmetrical stop legs 36 and a cross bar 37, wherein the cranking takes place on the crosspiece 35. The stop legs 36 extend to the receiving space 4 and limit the same in the bending position. Thus, the blade 2 strikes in the bending position at two points and can thus be kept tilt-proof in the receptacle 5 with respect to the longitudinal axis l.

Stop leg 36 and cross bar 37 define a gap 38 for discharging cut chips, not shown here. Here, the side facing in the cutting direction s and the space 38 limiting side wall 39 is provided with a slope 40 through which the chips can easily slide out of the gap 38 out.

Similar to the blade 2, the stop element 33 has a mounting slot concealed in the drawing, by means of which the stop element 33 can be pushed into the receptacle 5 counter to the cutting direction s. Stop element 33, blade 2 and spacer 7 are held by the concealed pivot here, with an axially engaging in the pivot knurled screw 41 allows rapid release and replacement of stop element 33, blade 2 and / or spacer element 7. Furthermore, here also ensure the locking elements 28 for a lateral support.

The projection 3.2 of the handle 3 engages in this embodiment according to the FIGS. 9 to 12 in the cutting direction s far over the receptacle 5 and forms the sliding surface 5, which is adjacent to the crosspiece 35. As a result, the stop element 33 is stabilized in its attachment in the receptacle 5 at the same time. Furthermore, the projection 3.2 laterally includes the receptacle 5, whereby the positional stability of the blade 2 and stop element 33 is improved. In addition, the blade 2 is covered accordingly, which increases the health and safety.

The representations in the FIGS. 13 and 14 same as those in the FIGS. 7 and 8 , These are schematic representations in which disturbing lateral components of the gouging 1 are omitted. Deviating from those in FIGS. 7 and 8 Here is additionally shown the stop element 33 of the stop device 6.2, to which the blade 2 and the spacing element 6.1 in FIG. 13a or the blade 2 alone in FIGS. 13b and 14 bent around the bending axis b here perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in the bending position. This allows a certain optimum bending of the blade 2 during the cutting process.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

gouging

2

blade

3

handle

3.1

handle

3.2

head Start

4

accommodation space

5

admission

5.1

receiving part

5.2

receiving surface

5.3

sliding surface

6th

positioning

6.1

spacer

6.2

stop device

7

spacer

8th

cutting edge

9

Area

10

blade body

11

Blade side surface

12

narrow side

12h

narrow side

13

bottom

14

cutting section

15

side surface

16

support portion

17

support section

18

leg

19

crosspiece

20

holding section

21

triangle side

22

handling section

23

relief

24

deepening

25

Through opening

26

distance

27

cutting edge

28

locking element

29

leaf spring

30

indentation

31

pivot

32

mounting slot

33

stop element

34

stop end

35

attachment end

36

stop leg

37

crosspiece

38

gap

39

Side wall

40

slope

41

thumbscrew

a

swivel axis

b

bending axis

l

longitudinal axis

s

cutting direction

F

cutting force

fq

force component

K

blade holder

R

Remaining supernatant

S

Weld

U

underground

Ü

Got over

β

angle

Claims (15)

1. A blade holder, in particular a join plane (1), for smoothing and planing off a substrate (U) comprising a handle (3), a working end having a receiving means (5) including a receiving space (4) for a blade (2) for fixing a blade (2) to the join plane, (1) wherein a blade (2) can have a larger blade side surface (11) and a narrow side (12h) which is at the rear in a cutting direction (s) and which has a cutting edge (8), and a positioning aid (6) for positioning the blade holder relative to the substrate (U), wherein the positioning aid (6) includes a spacer device (6.1), by means of which a blade (2) can be arranged in a spaced position in the receiving means (5) in such a way that it can be positioned in spaced relationship with the substrate (U) with its cutting edge for processing the substrate (U), and wherein the spacer device (6.1) has a spacer element (7), characterised in that the spacer element (7) is arranged in positionally variable relationship with the receiving means (5) on the join plane (1) and the spacer element (7) is movable between a working position for holding a blade (2) in the spaced position and a readiness position for holding the blade (2) in the receiving means (5) in a contact position in which a blade (2) can be placed against the substrate (U) for processing same at least with a region (9) having a cutting edge (8).
2. A blade holder according to claim 1 characterised in that the spacer element (7) in its working position covers over the receiving space (4) at an underside (13) which in the position of use of the join plane (1) is towards the substrate (U) and in the cutting direction (s), that a blade (2) which can be positioned in the receiving space (4) can remain unconcealed only in a cutting portion (14) having the cutting edge (8), and that the spacer element (7) in its readiness position opens the receiving space (4) at its underside (13) to such an extent that at least the part of the receiving space (4), that is provided for a region (9) at the rear in the cutting direction (s) and having a cutting edge (8), is open downwardly in the position of use of the join plane (1).
3. A blade holder according to claim 2 characterised in that the receiving means (5) has a receiving portion (5.1) with a receiving surface (5.2) and the receiving space (4) is of such a configuration that it provides for holding a blade (2) with a blade side surface (11) at the receiving surface (5.2) in the receiving space (4), wherein the spacer element (7) is arranged variably in position in parallel relationship with the receiving surface (5.2) with respect to the receiving means (5) on the join plane (1).
4. A blade holder according to claim 3 characterised in that the spacer element (7) is arranged pivotably movably with a pivot axis (a) perpendicularly to the receiving surface (5.2) on the join plane (1).
5. A blade holder according to claim 4 characterised in that the spacer element (7) is of a flat elongate shape with a large side surface (15) and that the pivot axis (a) is arranged perpendicularly to the large side surface (15) in an end portion of the spacer element (7), that is in the form of a holding portion (16).
6. A blade holder according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that in the working position the spacer element (7) projects beyond the receiving means (5) with an end in the form of a support portion (17) for supporting the blade (2) in the cutting direction (s).
7. A blade holder according to claim 6 characterised in that the spacer element (7) is such that in the working position it is flexibly bendable into a bend position under a pressure loading acting on the support portion (17) in the direction of the pivot axis (a) in a direction towards the receiving space (4) at least with its support portion (17) about a bend axis (b) perpendicularly to the pivot axis (a) and perpendicularly to the cutting direction (s), wherein the support portion (17) in the bend position can be caused to bear flat against the substrate (U) at least with an end portion at the rear in the cutting direction (s).
8. A blade holder according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the positioning aid (6) includes an abutment device (6.2) for a blade and/or the spacer element (7), by means of which a blade (2) which can be fitted into the join plane (1) and/or the spacer element (7) can be held in a given bend position relative to the substrate (U), wherein the abutment device (6.2) has an abutment element (33) which delimits the receiving space (4) in the bend position in the position of use of the join plane (1) at the side remote from the substrate (U).
9. A blade holder according to claim 8 characterised in that the abutment element (33) is fixed with a securing end (35) to the join plane (1) and extends with an abutment end (34) with a travel component in the cutting direction (s) towards the receiving space (4), wherein the abutment end (34) is of a U-shaped configuration with two abutment limbs (36) extending towards the receiving space (4).
10. A blade holder according to one of claims 6 to 9 characterised in that in the readiness position the support portion (17) clears the receiving space (4) at its underside completely or substantially, wherein the spacer element (7) in the readiness position is arranged pivoted at an angle β of greater than zero relative to the cutting direction (s) in such a way that its support portion (17) projects laterally out of the receiving space (4).
11. A blade holder according to one of claims 1 to 10 characterised in that the spacer element (7) can be fixed in the working position, wherein provided at the receiving means (5) are latching elements (28) laterally delimiting the receiving space (4) and the latching elements (28) bear laterally against the spacer element (7) in the working position thereof.
12. A blade holder according to one of claims 1 to 22 characterised in that the spacer element (7) has a handling portion (22) projecting laterally on the support portion (17) for its manual actuation.
13. A method of smoothing off and planing a surface of a substrate (U) by means of a blade holder (K) according to one of claims 1 to 12 with a blade (2) inserted in a receiving means (5), wherein the join plane (1) has a spacer element (7) which is arranged in positionally variable relationship on the join plane (1) and is movable between a working position for holding a blade (2) in the spaced position (7) and a readiness position for holding the blade (2) in the receiving means (5) in a contact position in which the blade (2) for processing the substrate (U) can be applied against the substrate (U) at least with a region (9) having the cutting edge (8), comprising the following method steps:

    - a first step of smoothing off the substrate (U), wherein the spacer element (7) is positioned in the working position and the blade (2) is held by means of the spacer element (7) in the spaced position in such a way that the projecting portions (Ü) on the substrate (U) are cut off except for residual projecting portions (R),

    - pivoting the spacer element (7) out of the working position into the readiness position in which the blade (2) can be guided over the surface without a spacing therefrom, and

    - a second smoothing step, wherein the residual projecting portions (R) are cut off the substrate (U) by means of the blade (2).
14. A method according to claim 13 characterised in that the blade (2) is flexibly bent for smoothing off the substrate (U) by means of being pressed against the substrate (U) about a bend axis (b) perpendicularly to the cutting direction (s) in such a way that in the spaced position it is arranged in parallel spaced relationship with the substrate (U) with a cutting region which is at the rear in the cutting direction (s) and which has the cutting edge (8) and in the contact position it bears with the cutting region flat against the substrate (U).
15. A method according to claim 13 or claim 14 characterised in that after the second smoothing step the spacer element (7) is moved or pivoted back from the readiness position into the working position.

Images