EP2226427B1 - Aushubvorrichtung - Google Patents

Aushubvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2226427B1
EP2226427B1 EP20100155427 EP10155427A EP2226427B1 EP 2226427 B1 EP2226427 B1 EP 2226427B1 EP 20100155427 EP20100155427 EP 20100155427 EP 10155427 A EP10155427 A EP 10155427A EP 2226427 B1 EP2226427 B1 EP 2226427B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
excavation
mobile arm
extension element
winding
inclination
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Active
Application number
EP20100155427
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2226427A3 (de
EP2226427A2 (de
Inventor
Mauro Casagrande
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Casagrande SpA
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Casagrande SpA
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Publication of EP2226427A2 publication Critical patent/EP2226427A2/de
Publication of EP2226427A3 publication Critical patent/EP2226427A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2226427B1 publication Critical patent/EP2226427B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
    • E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/46—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor
    • E02F3/58—Component parts

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an excavation apparatus.
  • the excavation apparatus according to the present invention allows to maintain its excavation means vertical.
  • An excavation apparatus comprising a crane of the self-propelled type, for example provided with tracks, and equipped with an arm that maneuvers excavation means, for example of the type having two pairs of milling wheels with horizontal axes and substantially parallel, during use, to the excavation surface, so as to excavate diaphragms, ditches, trenches, wells or other.
  • diaphragms are usually in-depth perforations with a rectangular section which are made, continuously, in a vertical direction in the ground and have different functions, such as for example of a structural type, as in the perimeter walls of an underground building, as foundations, as in surface offices, or again with a waterproofing function, as in works on dams.
  • the excavation means are associated with the arm by means of a first winch which, when the apparatus is inactive, keeps the excavation means suspended with respect to the ground and, when the apparatus is operating, allows the excavation means to be moved forward and/or raised vertically by a predefined travel in order to dig the excavation in depth.
  • the known apparatus also provides a second winch which supports and moves, in coordination with the movement of the excavation means, winding/unwinding means, for example drums, reels or suchlike, for flexible pipes, connected to the excavation means, for example but not only in order to suck up and remove the excavation detritus, and/or tubes for oil-dynamic and/or electric commands to drive the excavation means.
  • Another disadvantage is that the extension of the arm, keeping the size of the excavation apparatus unchanged, entails a reduction in the capacity of the latter. This in turn entails a reduction in the extraction force available to the excavation means and therefore a reduced efficiency in extraction, especially if the excavation means remained jammed on the walls of the excavation.
  • the position of the arm is adjusted, that is, it is moved to a position with a different inclination with respect to a work position inclined with respect to the excavation surface, for example in a range that goes from about 75° to about 85°.
  • the adjustment of the arm has the disadvantage that it causes a further reduction in the range of the apparatus, limiting its available extraction force.
  • EP-1-580.398 discloses an excavation apparatus according to the preamble of independent claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • Other known excavation apparatuses are described in documents JP-U-06035391 and JP-U-04057583 .
  • Purpose of the present invention is to achieve an excavation apparatus which, with the same size and range, allows to keep the excavation means vertical, substantially in every operating condition, allowing to make deep and accurate excavations.
  • the Applicant has devised, tested and embodied the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art and to obtain these and other purpose and advantages.
  • an excavation apparatus comprises excavation means, first support means able to support and move the excavation means in a substantially vertical direction, a mobile arm having a lower end connected to a cab or turret, and an upper end on which said first support means are disposed.
  • the excavation apparatus also comprises flexible pipes comprising means to suck in and/or remove detritus, and/or drive means for said excavation means, winding/unwinding means for said flexible pipes and second support means provided to support and move said winding/unwinding means in said vertical direction.
  • the excavation apparatus also comprises at least an extension element, oblong in shape, provided with a lower end connected to the upper end of said mobile arm and with an upper end in substantial correspondence with which said second support means are disposed and supported, said extension element normally being positioned in a vertical direction.
  • the distance between the upper end of the mobile arm and the upper end of the extension element that supports said second support means defines a supplementary vertical travel of said winding/unwinding means, such that said flexible pipes extend in height to a greater extent than the extension in height of said mobile arm, so as to increase the depth of the excavation that can be achieved by said excavation means.
  • extension element allows to position the winding/unwinding means at a height with respect to the ground that is greater than the height at which the winding/unwinding means of known excavation apparatuses are normally positioned. This allows to use longer flexible pipes. There is therefore an increase in the travel of the winding/unwinding means in the vertical direction with respect to the excavation surface which allows a coordinated increase in the travel of the excavation means in the same direction, and the latter can therefore achieve deeper excavation depths.
  • extension element allows to keep the length of the arm unchanged, thus keeping the range of the excavation apparatus also unchanged, which allows to keep an efficient extraction force available.
  • articulation means are provided to connect said extension element rotatably to said mobile arm, so that the extension element is selectively and angularly mobile so as to displace the second support means in a manner coordinated with the displacement of the mobile arm, so as to keep said excavation means vertical substantially in every operating condition, including when the depth of the excavation is increased.
  • the excavation apparatus comprises means to detect the inclination, able to provide information on the inclination of the extension element.
  • the extension element is able to be moved also according to the inclination of the excavation apparatus with respect to the ground or to an excavation surface.
  • the extension element is moved according to the information arriving from the means to detect the inclination with respect to the mobile arm so as to correct the positioning of the second support means and therefore to keep the excavation means vertical.
  • the present invention also concerns a method to increase the depth of the excavation and to control the verticality of the excavation means of an excavation apparatus according to claim 1.
  • the method comprises:
  • the method further comprises:
  • the method provides to detect the relative inclination of the extension element that moves the second support means with respect to the mobile arm and to move the extension element with respect to the mobile arm according to said inclination
  • the method comprises at least a step in which the extension element is moved according to the inclination of the excavation apparatus with respect to an excavation surface.
  • an excavation apparatus 10 is used to excavate diaphragms 20, ditches, trenches, wells or other.
  • the excavation apparatus 10 in this case is of the crane type and comprises a command and driving cab 12, or turret, provided at the lower part with tracks 13 to move the excavation apparatus 10 and a mobile arm 14 disposed in correspondence with the front part of the cab 12.
  • the excavation apparatus 10 also comprises an excavation tool 15, in this case comprising two pairs of milling wheels 16 with horizontal axes and substantially parallel, during use, with the excavation surface 17.
  • the excavation tool 15 is kept suspended vertically, that is, plumb, by means of cables 18 of a first winch device, not visible in the drawings, disposed in this case substantially in correspondence with the central part of the command and driving cab 12.
  • the first winch device is able to keep the excavation tool 15, able to be used to make the excavation, suspended, and to move it in a substantially vertical direction, that is, plumb, with respect to the excavation surface 17, by means of first pulley means 21.
  • the first pulley means 21 are disposed substantially around an upper end 14b of the mobile arm 14.
  • the excavation apparatus 10 comprises an extension element 22, disposed substantially along the vertical of the excavation tool 15.
  • the extension element 22 is connected, in correspondence with a lower end 22a, to the upper end 14b of the mobile arm 14 by means of articulated joints 30, for example of the hinge type, levers or other. It is understood that the extension element 22 can also be constrained to the mobile arm 14 by means of any other type of joint whatsoever which allows the extension element 22 to move with respect to the mobile arm 14.
  • the excavation apparatus 10 also comprises one or more elements 27 to detect the inclination, such as for example inclination sensors, inclinometers or suchlike, able to detect the absolute inclination of the extension element 22 and to transmit the information relating to said inclination to processing and control means 28.
  • the inclination detection elements 27 can detect a relative inclination with respect to a predetermined reference direction.
  • the processing and control means 28 are able to activate actuation means in order to correct the inclination of the extension element 22 so as to reduce or eliminate the transverse components that act on the excavation tool 15, following a displacement of the mobile arm 14, and therefore to keep the excavation tool 15 vertical.
  • the processing and control means 28 can be disposed, for example but not only, in correspondence with the command and driving cab 12.
  • the excavation apparatus 10 also comprises, in correspondence with a lower end 14a of the mobile arm 14, a second winch device 19, whose cables 23 are able to support, by means of second pulley devices 24 disposed in correspondence with an upper end 22b of the extension element 22, and substantially misaligned with respect to the first pulley devices 21, at least a pair of winding/unwinding devices 25, such as drums, reels or other analogous devices, for flexible pipes 26 connected to the excavation tool 15.
  • the flexible pipes 26 are used to suck up the excavation detritus and/or to deliver a fluid to remove the detritus.
  • the flexible pipes 26 also comprise hoses for oil-dynamic and/or electric commands to drive the excavation tool 15.
  • Using the extension element 22 allows to position the winding/unwinding devices 25 at a height from the ground that is greater than the height from the ground of known winding/unwinding devices.
  • the second pulley devices 24 move the winding/unwinding devices 25, according to necessity, in a supplementary vertical travel C corresponding to the linear extension of the extension element 22 beyond the mobile arm 14, to allow an extension of the flexible pipes 26 to a greater extent than the extension in height of the mobile arm 14 ( figs. 1 and 2 ).
  • the winding/unwinding devices 25 are disposed on opposite sides with respect to the extension element 22 and when the excavation apparatus 10 is inactive, they keep the flexible pipes 26 substantially under tension.
  • the second winch device 19 is able to move the winding/unwinding devices 25 in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the excavation surface 17.
  • the excavation apparatus 10 functions as follows.
  • the excavation tool 15, commanded by the first winch device, is moved in the vertical direction with respect to the excavation surface 17 in order to make the excavation.
  • the second winch device 19 is activated, which moves the winding/unwinding devices 25 in the vertical direction with respect to the excavation surface 17.
  • a corresponding release of the flexible pipes 26 is determined, which therefore follow in coordination the lowering of the excavation tool 15. Due to the disposition of the winding/unwinding devices 25, also determined by the length of the extension element 22, the length of the flexible pipes 26 is greater than the length of the pipes used in the state of the art and therefore the excavation tool 15 performs a greater travel, coordinated with the travel C of the winding/unwinding devices 25, as shown in fig. 2 . It is therefore possible to achieve very deep excavations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Aushubvorrichtung umfassend Aushubmittel (15), erste Stützmittel (21), die dazu geeignet sind, die Aushubmittel (15) in einer im Wesentlichen vertikalen Richtung zu stützen und zu bewegen, einen mobilen Arm (14) mit einem mit einer Führerkabine oder einem Drehturm (12) verbundenen unteren Ende (14a) und mit einem oberen Ende (14b), auf welchem die ersten Stützmittel (21) angeordnet sind, flexible Rohre (26) umfassend Mittel zum Aufsaugen und/oder Entfernen von Detritus und/oder Mittel zum Antreiben der Aushubmittel (15), Mittel zum Aufwicklen/Abwickeln (25) der flexiblen Rohre (26), zweite Stützmittel (24), die dazu vorgesehen sind, die Mittel zum Aufwicklen/Abwickeln (25) in der vertikalen Richtung zu stützen und zu bewegen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aushubvorrichtung wenigstens ein Verlängerungselement (22) länglicher Form umfasst, welches ein mit dem oberen Ende (14b) des mobilen Arms (14) verbundenes unteres Ende (22a) sowie ein oberes Ende (22b) in wesentlicher Entsprechung aufweist, mittels welchem die zweiten Stützmittel (24) angeordnet und gestützt sind, wobei das Verlängerungselement (22) normalerweise in einer im Wesentlichen vertikalen Richtung positioniert ist, wobei der Abstand zwischen dem oberen Ende (14b) des mobilen Arms und dem oberen Ende (22b) des Verlängerungselements (22), welches die zweiten Stützmittel (24) stützt, einen zusätzlichen vertikalen Stellweg (C) der Mittel zum Aufwicklen/Abwickeln (25) derart definiert, dass die flexiblen Rohre (26) dazu geeignet sind, sich in die Höhe in einem größeren Ausmaß zu erstrecken als die Ersteckung in die Höhe des mobilen Arms (14), um die Aushubtiefe, welche die Aushubmittel (15) erreichen können, zu vergrößern.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung Gelenkmittel (30) zum drehbaren Verbinden des Verlängerungselements (22) mit dem mobilen Arm (14) umfasst, so dass das Verlängerungselement (22) selektiv mobil ist, um die zweiten Stützmittel (24) koordiniert mit der Verlagerung des mobilen Arms (14) zu verlagern, so dass die Aushubmittel (15) in im Wesentlichen jedem Betriebszustand vertikal gehalten werden können, selbst wenn die Tiefe des Aushubs vergrößert ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aushubvorrichtung Mittel zum Detektieren eines Neigungswinkels (27) umfasst, die dazu geeignet sind, Information über den Neigungswinkel des Verlängerungselements (22) zu liefern.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verlängerungselement (22) auch dazu geeignet ist, gemäß dem auf eine Aushuboberfläche (17) bezogenen Neigungswinkel der Aushubvorrichtung (11) bewegt zu werden.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verlängerungselement (22) mittels scharnierartigen, gelenkigen Verbindungselementen mit dem mobilen Arm (14) verbunden ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verlängerungselement (22) mittels hebelartigen, gelenkigen Verbindungselementen mit dem mobilen Arm (14) verbunden ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung auch Verarbeitungs- und Kontrollmittel (28) umfasst, die dazu geeignet sind, die von den Mitteln zum Detektieren eines Neigungswinkels (27) eintreffende Information zu empfangen und zu verarbeiten und die Bewegung des Verlängerungselement (22) zu aktivieren.
  8. Verfahren zum Vergrößern der Aushubtiefe and zum Kontrollieren der Vertikalität von Aushubmitteln (15) in einer Aushubvorrichtung (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend:
    - einen ersten Schritt eines Bewegens der Aushubmittel (15) mittels erster Stützmitteln (21), welche durch ein oberes Ende (14b) eines mobilen Arms (14) gestützt sind, in einer im Wesentlichen vertikalen Richtung;
    - einen zweiten Bewegungsschritt eines Bewegens in diese Richtung, wobei flexible Rohre (26) Mittel zum Aufsaugen und/oder Entfernen von Detritus und/oder Mittel zum Antreiben der Aushubmittel (15) umfassen, durch Mittel zum Aufwicklen/Abwickeln (25), die durch zweite Stützmittel (24) gestützt sind;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren ferner umfasst:
    - einen dritten Schritt eines Bewegens der Mittel zum Aufwicklen/Abwickeln (25) derart auf einem zusätzlichen vertikalen Stellweg (C), welcher sich jenseits des oberen Endes (14b) des mobilen Arms (14) erstreckt, dass die flexiblen Rohre (26) in die Höhe in einem größeren Ausmaß erstreckt werden als die Ersteckung in die Höhe des mobilen Arms (14), um die Aushubtiefe, welche die Aushubmittel (15) erreichen können, zu vergrößern;
    - einen vierten Schritt eines Bewegens der zweiten Stützmittel (24) bezüglich des mobilen Arms (14) mittels eines Verlängerungselements (22), welches sich vom oberen Ende (14b) des mobilen Arms (14) aufwärts erstreckt zum Erzeugen des zusätzlichen vertikalen Stellwegs (C) der Mittel zum Aufwicklen/Abwickeln (25), wobei der vierte Schritt des Bewegens der zweiten Stützmittel (24) koordiniert mit einer Verlagerung des mobilen Arms (14) während des Aushebens erfolgt, um die Aushubmittel (15) in im Wesentlichen jedem Betriebszustand vertikal zu halten, einschließlich wenn die Tiefe des Aushubs vergrößert wird.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren ein Detektieren des relativen Neigungswinkels des Verlängerungselements (22), welches die zweiten Stützmittel (24) bezüglich des mobilen Arms (14) bewegt, sowie ein Bewegen des Verlängerungselements (22) bezüglich des mobilen Arms (14) gemäß dem Neigungswinkel vorsieht.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren auch mindestens einen Schritt umfasst, in welchem das Verlängerungselement (22) gemäß des auf eine Aushuboberfläche (17) bezogenen Neigungswinkels der Aushubvorrichtung (11) bewegt wird.
EP20100155427 2009-03-05 2010-03-04 Aushubvorrichtung Active EP2226427B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUD2009A000053A IT1393221B1 (it) 2009-03-05 2009-03-05 Dispositivo di controllo per un'apparecchiatura di scavo

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2226427A2 EP2226427A2 (de) 2010-09-08
EP2226427A3 EP2226427A3 (de) 2012-04-18
EP2226427B1 true EP2226427B1 (de) 2013-07-03

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EP20100155427 Active EP2226427B1 (de) 2009-03-05 2010-03-04 Aushubvorrichtung

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EP (1) EP2226427B1 (de)
IT (1) IT1393221B1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO20180946A1 (en) * 2018-07-05 2020-01-06 Mhwirth As Position Measuring Method and System for use on a Floating Installation

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2448881A1 (de) * 1974-10-14 1976-04-22 Casagrande & C S P A Flli Schlitzwandgeraet
JPH0457583U (de) * 1990-09-19 1992-05-18
FR2681352B1 (fr) * 1991-09-16 1998-07-24 Sol Cie Appareil d'excavation a benne preneuse.
JP2596978Y2 (ja) * 1992-10-12 1999-06-28 株式会社間組 地中壁掘削装置
DE4309233C1 (de) * 1993-03-23 1994-07-21 Leffer Stahl & App Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum exakten Einhalten der vertikalen Aushubrichtung einer Schlitzwand
JPH0735480U (ja) * 1993-12-07 1995-07-04 住友建機株式会社 吊荷のよじれ防止装置
JPH0989563A (ja) * 1995-09-26 1997-04-04 Sato Kogyo Co Ltd 地下掘削機の位置検出方法及び装置
FR2755709B1 (fr) * 1996-11-14 1999-02-05 Sol Comp Du Dispositif de forage comportant un engin de forage
FR2825393B1 (fr) * 2001-06-01 2003-11-07 Cie Du Sol Benne de forage a systeme de commande de verticalite amelioree
EP1580398B1 (de) * 2004-03-23 2012-01-18 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Tiefbau

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Publication number Publication date
ITUD20090053A1 (it) 2010-09-06
EP2226427A3 (de) 2012-04-18
IT1393221B1 (it) 2012-04-11
EP2226427A2 (de) 2010-09-08

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