EP2213612B1 - Dispositif de limitation de charge, dispositif de levage avec dispositif de limitation de charge ainsi que l'utilisation d'un élément hydraulique comme dispositif de limitation de charge - Google Patents

Dispositif de limitation de charge, dispositif de levage avec dispositif de limitation de charge ainsi que l'utilisation d'un élément hydraulique comme dispositif de limitation de charge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2213612B1
EP2213612B1 EP20100150946 EP10150946A EP2213612B1 EP 2213612 B1 EP2213612 B1 EP 2213612B1 EP 20100150946 EP20100150946 EP 20100150946 EP 10150946 A EP10150946 A EP 10150946A EP 2213612 B1 EP2213612 B1 EP 2213612B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
piston
limiting device
cylinder
overload
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20100150946
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2213612A2 (fr
EP2213612A3 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Merlau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2213612A2 publication Critical patent/EP2213612A2/fr
Publication of EP2213612A3 publication Critical patent/EP2213612A3/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F17/00—Safety devices, e.g. for limiting or indicating lifting force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/202—Externally-operated valves mounted in or on the actuator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a load limiting device for arrangement in the power flow of lifting equipment, in particular cranes, to avoid overloading of the hoist by overloads above a predetermined nominal load.
  • the invention further relates to a hoist with such a load limiting device and the use of a hydraulic element as a load limiting device.
  • Hoists such as cranes or laying equipment of bridge laying vehicles, are used for lifting loads.
  • a military Bridge laying vehicle is for example in the DE 197 01 650 C2
  • the power flow is in this case designed as follows: The force flows from a power generator of the hoist, such as a motor or hydraulics, via a lifting means of the hoist for connecting the load, such as a hook or an eye, to the load.
  • Hoists are usually designed to lift a rated load, which represents the maximum load that does not result in a faulty overuse of the hoist. While the hoist may be able to withstand overloads, i. Lifting loads above the rated load, but there is a risk that damage to the hoist or other slings occur.
  • load scales or crane scales are known, which are arranged in the power flow of the hoist between the load and a lifting means, such as a crane hook, the hoist and which weigh the load to be lifted.
  • a lifting means such as a crane hook
  • the disadvantage occurs that only an indication of an overload can occur, whereas the lifting of an overload is not prevented.
  • a load scale for example, in the DE 947 426 disclosed.
  • a device which can be arranged in the power flow of a hoist and has a hydraulic element.
  • a piston of the hydraulic element is coupled via a fluid with a signal generator, via which a warning signal is emitted when a predetermined rated load is exceeded.
  • the load limiting device comprises a hydraulic element with a displaceably arranged in a cylinder piston, wherein the piston is secured against loads on the load up to the rated load via a fluid arranged in the cylinder relative to the cylinder and wherein the hydraulic element has an overload valve, which at overload a flow channel for the Fluid releases and thereby allows a displacement of the piston in the cylinder.
  • the hydraulic element according to the invention has, inter alia, the advantage that the power flow is not impaired in loads up to the rated load, as this is done by the positional securing no displacement of the piston in the cylinder.
  • adjustable overload valve can be achieved that when increasing overloads a displacement of the piston is made possible in the cylinder, so that the power flow is first interrupted.
  • An increase in overload thus does not lead to an overuse of the hoist, since during the initial stroke, only a movement of the piston in the cylinder, but not a lifting of the load takes place, so that the load limiting device takes the path of the hoist.
  • An operator of the hoist is thus enabled to detect the path that the piston has made in the cylinder and to stop and optionally reverse the lifting process.
  • the overload valve is disposed within the cylinder, so that a compact design of the hydraulic element is achieved.
  • the piston is preferably connected to a piston rod, wherein the cylinder and the piston rod are each connected to a connection element for connecting on the one hand with a load and on the other hand, a lifting means of the hoist.
  • a connection element or both connection elements are designed in an eye-shaped, so that a hook or a rope or belt can be connected to the connection element.
  • the load limiting device may comprise a display element which indicates a displacement of the piston in the cylinder, so that an operator can stop the lifting process.
  • the display element may preferably be designed mechanically or electrically. In a purely mechanical embodiment of the load limiting device has the advantage that a function and display are independent of any failures of an energy source.
  • the hydraulic element is sealed or sealed in such a way that a piston movement in the cylinder dissolves the seal or the seal. This provides a means of control since an operator's attempt to raise an overload is indicated and stored by the loosened seal or loosened seal.
  • the cylinder has two chambers for the fluid, which are separated by the piston.
  • the flow channel which is closed by the overload valve, guided by the piston, so that it connects the two chambers together.
  • the load limiting device further comprises a check valve, which allows a provision of the piston after a successful overload due to a shift.
  • the load limiting device is reversibly equipped, i. It can be reused after a full overload by resetting, since no permanent deformation of the load limiting device occur.
  • the piston has a return flow channel, which connects the two chambers with each other and which can be closed by the check valve.
  • the load limiting device may further be configured such that the hydraulic element has a stop device, against which the piston abuts with a stop face in the event of an overload due to displacement.
  • the safety stroke in the cylinder is terminated, so that in a continuing persistent attempt to raise an overload no buffering by the load is more limiting, so that the load, if no breakage of the hoist occurs, is raised. This can be advantageous if an emergency situation exists in which damage to the hoist or cylinder must be accepted.
  • a hoist according to the invention is characterized in that it has a load-limiting device of the type already described which lies in the force flow.
  • the hoist is the laying device of a bridge laying vehicle.
  • the invention further comprises the use of an already described hydraulic element, including all advantageous embodiments, as a load limiting device for arrangement in the power flow of lifting equipment to avoid overstressing the hoist by overloads above a predetermined rated load.
  • the Fig. 1 to 4 show a load limiting device, which is designed as a hydraulic element 1.
  • the hydraulic element 1 can according to the FIGS. 5 and 6 be introduced into the power flow of a hoist 15.
  • the hoist 15 is designed as a hydraulic laying device of a bridge laying vehicle 7 and can be used to move bridge elements as a load 8 and raise.
  • the hydraulic element 1 has a cylinder 2, which is connected at one end to a metal connecting element 5, which is configured as an eyelet.
  • a displaceable piston 4 is arranged, which is connected to a piston rod 3.
  • the piston rod 3 has at its free end a loop-shaped metal connecting element 6.
  • the Fig. 3 shows the hydraulic element 1 in the normal state, which is present when lifting loads up to the rated load.
  • the piston is fully retracted into the cylinder 1.
  • the cylinder 1 has a first chamber 11, which with a fluid, namely a hydraulic fluid, for example Oil, is filled.
  • a fluid namely a hydraulic fluid, for example Oil
  • the two filling openings 18 and 19 are used for filling or discharging the hydraulic fluid.
  • Fig. 4 is guided by the piston 4, a flow channel 13, which is closed by an overload valve 9. Via the flow channel 13, the fluid can flow out of the piston chamber 11 and thus release the piston movement.
  • the stepped or continuously adjustable overload valve 9 is dimensioned such that it does not open at tensile loads of a load up to the rated load. As soon as the tensile load of an overload acts on the load limiting device, the overload valve 9 releases the flow channel 13, so that the fluid can flow out of the chamber 11 into a second chamber 12. As a result, the piston 4 is released so that it can move under the action of a tensile load in the cylinder 2 until the in Fig. 2 shown position is reached.
  • a stop device 16 is arranged in the cylinder 2, against which a stop surface 17 (FIG. Fig. 3 ) so that the shift is terminated.
  • the load limiting device can thus according to the FIGS. 5 and 6 used to provide protection against overload in the power flow.
  • the hydraulic element 1 When a load is lifted up to the rated load, the hydraulic element 1 is in the Fig. 3 shown position, wherein the piston 4 is positionally secured in the cylinder 2 by the fluid.
  • the overload valve 9 opens, so that the piston 4 is released. This results in a withdrawal of the hydraulic element 1, wherein the load first not raised yet.
  • the operator can according to Fig. 6 characterized in that the piston rod 3 comes out of the cylinder 2, recognize that an overload exists, whereby he can stop the lifting operation.
  • the piston rod 3 thus acts as a display device which indicates an overload to the operator.
  • the load limiting device thus provides at least over the stroke of the hydraulic element protection against overloads, overloads are displayed at the same time.
  • the display can thus follow directly by the displacement of the piston.
  • the check valve 10 is designed such that under the application of a restoring force, the liquid can flow from the chamber 12 back into the chamber 11. Since the check valve 10 has no opening pressure, only the frictional forces between the piston 4 together with the piston rod 3 and the cylinder 2 are to be overcome for these return movements.
  • the reset may need to be made with the aid of a mechanical or hydraulic device.
  • a further embodiment may provide that a change in length of the hydraulic element 1 is detected directly by the hoist, for example by means of sensors, or optionally made mechanically or electrically recognizable.
  • overload valve is arranged on the outside of the cylinder 2 and stepped or continuously adjustable.
  • the hydraulic element 1 can be sealed, so that an extension of the hydraulic element 1 is not possible without destroying the seal.
  • the load limiting device 1 is designed such that it does not automatically return to the normal position after overload has occurred. It remains in the overload position. The overload that has occurred is thus stored in the display. This can be achieved by omitting a return spring.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for hoists 15 to bridge girders 7, since these are used only in exceptional cases as a crane for lifting loads 8 and usually the bridge elements are raised and moved by means of the laying arm, so that an overload detection is not regularly provided on such vehicles is.
  • the invention can also be used in construction machinery and agricultural machinery, and it is particularly advantageous when lifting loads that are not ventilated from the bottom, so that the overlying column of air must be lifted with, as for example when on the Floor lying metal sheets is the case.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif de limitation de charge destiné à être disposé dans le flux de force de dispositifs de levage (15), en particulier de grues pour éviter les sursollicitations du dispositif de levage (15) par des surcharges se trouvant au-dessus d'une charge nominale prescrite avec un élément hydraulique (1) doté d'un piston (4) disposé de manière mobile dans un cylindre (2), dans lequel le piston (4) est bloqué en position par rapport au cylindre (2) en cas de charges (8) allant jusqu'à la charge nominale par un fluide contenu dans le cylindre (2), et dans lequel l'élément hydraulique (1) présente une soupape de surcharge (9) qui libère en cas de surcharge un canal d'écoulement (13) pour le fluide et permet par là-même un déplacement du piston (4) dans le cylindre (2),
    caractérisé en ce que le cylindre (2) présente deux chambres (11, 12) pour le fluide qui sont séparées par le piston (4).
  2. Dispositif de limitation de charge selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la soupape de surcharge (9) est disposée dans le cylindre (2).
  3. Dispositif de limitation de charge selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le piston (4) est relié à une tige de piston (3) et en ce que le cylindre (2) et la tige de piston (3) sont reliés respectivement à un élément de raccordement (5, 6) pour le raccordement d'une part d'une charge (8) et d'autre part d'un moyen de levage du dispositif de levage (15).
  4. Dispositif de limitation de charge selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un ou les deux éléments de raccordement (5, 6) sont configurés en forme d'oeillet.
  5. Dispositif de limitation de charge selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par un élément d'indication qui indique un déplacement du piston (4) dans le cylindre (2).
  6. Dispositif de limitation de charge selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément hydraulique est scellé ou plombé de telle manière qu'un mouvement de piston dans le cylindre (2) détache le scellage ou le plombage.
  7. Dispositif de limitation de charge selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'écoulement (13) est guidé par le piston (4) et relie les chambres (11, 12) ensemble.
  8. Dispositif de limitation de charge selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par un clapet antiretour (10) qui permet un rappel du piston (4) après un déplacement réalisé sur la base d'une surcharge.
  9. Dispositif de limitation de charge selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le piston (4) présente un canal d'écoulement de rappel (14) qui relie les chambres (11, 12) entre elles et peut être refermé par le clapet anti-retour (10).
  10. Dispositif de limitation de charge selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément hydraulique (1) présente un dispositif de butée (16), contre lequel le piston (4) bute avec une surface de butée (17) lors d'un déplacement réalisé sur la base d'une surcharge.
  11. Dispositif de levage, en particulier grue, caractérisé par un dispositif de limitation de charge se trouvant dans le flux de force selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10.
  12. Dispositif de levage selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il est configuré comme dispositif d'installation (15) d'un véhicule de pose de pont (7).
  13. Utilisation d'un élément hydraulique (1) avec un piston (4) disposé de manière mobile dans un cylindre (2), le piston (4) étant bloqué en position par rapport au cylindre (2) pour des charges allant jusqu'à une charge nominale par un fluide contenu dans le cylindre (2), et avec une soupape de surcharge (9) qui libère en cas de surcharge un canal d'écoulement (13) pour le fluide et permet par là-même un déplacement du piston (4) dans le cylindre (2), le cylindre (2) présentant deux chambres (11, 12) pour le fluide qui sont séparées par le piston (4), comme dispositif de limitation de charge destiné à être disposé dans le flux de force de dispositifs de levage (15), en particulier de grues, pour éviter des sursollicitations du dispositif de levage (15) par des surcharges se trouvant au-dessus d'une charge nominale prescrite.
EP20100150946 2009-01-29 2010-01-18 Dispositif de limitation de charge, dispositif de levage avec dispositif de limitation de charge ainsi que l'utilisation d'un élément hydraulique comme dispositif de limitation de charge Active EP2213612B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910006678 DE102009006678A1 (de) 2009-01-29 2009-01-29 Lastbegrenzungsvorrichtung zur Anordnung im Kraftfluss von Hebezeugen sowie Hebezeug mit einer Lastbegrenzungsvorrichtung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2213612A2 EP2213612A2 (fr) 2010-08-04
EP2213612A3 EP2213612A3 (fr) 2013-05-29
EP2213612B1 true EP2213612B1 (fr) 2014-08-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20100150946 Active EP2213612B1 (fr) 2009-01-29 2010-01-18 Dispositif de limitation de charge, dispositif de levage avec dispositif de limitation de charge ainsi que l'utilisation d'un élément hydraulique comme dispositif de limitation de charge

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2213612B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009006678A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113445428B (zh) * 2021-07-15 2023-05-09 中交一公局集团有限公司 用于大型构件空中连续移动的转运装置及施工方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD38483A (fr) *
GB694112A (en) * 1950-05-05 1953-07-15 Frank William King Improvements in or relating to overload indicating devices
NL201516A (fr) 1954-10-28
DE1127060B (de) 1959-10-07 1962-04-05 Walter Hohmann UEberlastsicherung fuer Krane, Winden u. dgl.
SE393859B (sv) * 1973-07-12 1977-05-23 L E Karlsson Anordning for belastnings- eller viktavkenning vid en lyftanordning
JPS5624701Y2 (fr) * 1978-12-21 1981-06-10
JPS5767076U (fr) * 1980-10-03 1982-04-22
JP3136447B2 (ja) * 1991-12-24 2001-02-19 株式会社三栄精機製作所 荷重検出装置
CH691300A5 (de) * 1996-07-23 2001-06-29 Wehrli Maschb H Fluidzylinder und Absenkmittel damit.
DE19701650C2 (de) 1997-01-18 2001-08-16 Man Technologie Gmbh Verlegeeinrichtung und Verfahren zum Verlegen zerlegbarer Brücken

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Publication number Publication date
EP2213612A2 (fr) 2010-08-04
DE102009006678A1 (de) 2010-08-19
EP2213612A3 (fr) 2013-05-29

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