EP2208867A1 - Procédé et dispositif destinés au réglage d'une centrale à vapeur - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés au réglage d'une centrale à vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2208867A1
EP2208867A1 EP08015000A EP08015000A EP2208867A1 EP 2208867 A1 EP2208867 A1 EP 2208867A1 EP 08015000 A EP08015000 A EP 08015000A EP 08015000 A EP08015000 A EP 08015000A EP 2208867 A1 EP2208867 A1 EP 2208867A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
turbine
generator
power
predetermined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08015000A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Bennauer
Heribert Werthes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP08015000A priority Critical patent/EP2208867A1/fr
Priority to JP2011524320A priority patent/JP5194175B2/ja
Priority to RU2011111282/06A priority patent/RU2472006C2/ru
Priority to EP09781887A priority patent/EP2318667A2/fr
Priority to KR1020117006906A priority patent/KR101282056B1/ko
Priority to CN200980133303.8A priority patent/CN102137987B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2009/060593 priority patent/WO2010026035A2/fr
Priority to US13/060,308 priority patent/US8624414B2/en
Publication of EP2208867A1 publication Critical patent/EP2208867A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a steam power plant with a generator and a turbine.
  • the fault referred to in the following short-circuit interruption is a generally 3-pole short circuit in the vicinity of the power plant, which lasts only a few 100 ms.
  • the power at the terminals of the generator is in such a power failure due to the aforementioned voltage drop briefly equal to zero. If the short circuit is cleared within a fault clearance time of at least 150 ms can, the generator continues to feed active and reactive power into the grid to stabilize frequency and voltage. If the short circuit is 150 ms or shorter, neither the shaft train nor the associated turbine may be shut down. In many steam power plants, the possible error explanation time is still significantly shorter.
  • the invention is based on the object, a method for controlling a steam power plant with a generator and a To provide turbine in which the above problems are largely avoided and in particular a voltage and frequency stability in the associated network are ensured both in a load shedding and a short-circuit interruption.
  • the object is achieved with a method for controlling a steam power plant with a generator and a turbine according to claim 1. Furthermore, the object is achieved with a device for controlling a steam power plant according to claim 8.
  • Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.
  • the method according to the invention for controlling a steam power plant with a generator and a turbine comprises the steps of: providing a first signal indicating a reduction of the actual power of the generator, generating a second signal indicating a short circuit interruption in response to the first signal, resetting the second signal after a predetermined first time period and blocking the second signal for a predetermined second period of time, stopping and then starting the turbine in response to the second signal, generating a third signal indicative of load shedding in response to the first signal and permanently stopping the second signal Turbine depending on the third signal.
  • the solution according to the invention is based on the finding that, in the event of a short-circuit interruption, the multiple response and an asymmetrical positioning time of the valves of the associated turbine should be avoided as far as possible in the case of overdrive release in the up and down direction, because this gradually shuts down the power of the turbine but further, even with a short-circuit interruption, a one-time shift of the overdrive should not be prevented, because such overdrive results in a return of the turbine torque, which has a dampening effect on the otherwise resulting network swing.
  • the inventive The solution is based on the way that in both mentioned incidents (ie both short-circuit interruption and load shedding) a signal is generated, which initially leads to a stoppage of the turbine.
  • this signal is the second signal which is generated as a function of or at the same time as a first signal which indicates a reduction of the actual power of the generator.
  • the turbine of the steam power plant according to the invention is thus stopped or reduced in its performance (which is usually done by a valve speed), as soon as an associated signal indicates a significant reduction in the actual power of the generator.
  • the turbine is started again after this stopping of the turbine. During this stopping and starting is checked with the controller of the associated steam power plant according to the invention, whether there are further criteria for a load shedding. If a load shedding is detected and an associated third signal is generated, then a permanent stopping of the turbine in response to this, in the wording of claim 1 third signal triggered.
  • the turbine is initially stopped in principle and tested only in the further course of time, whether a distinction can be made between short-circuit interruption and load shedding. During this time, the turbine is precautionarily put back into the start mode so that it starts as soon as the short circuit interruption has been detected and the load shedding situation has just not been recognized.
  • the second signal which indicates a short-circuit interruption, is reset and subsequently blocked. This ensures that this second signal can not again indicate a short-circuit interruption when, in the subsequent time course, the generator active power oscillates around the zero point.
  • This third signal is generated independently of the second signal and forms the discrimination signal to distinguish the initially assumed short-circuit interruption from a load shedding.
  • the first signal is provided when the actual power of the generator has abruptly reduced by a predetermined value or the actual power of the generator is greater than a predetermined negative value and the actual power of the generator has become smaller than twice the domestic demand and the reference between a target power and the actual power of the generator has become greater than twice the domestic demand.
  • the first signal which indicates a reduction in the actual power of the generator, is generated when the generator power decreases abruptly, wherein this step-like reduction is preferably at least 70%.
  • the power signal is preferably filtered first by a DT1 element.
  • the generator power is compared with a predetermined negative value, in particular -2%. If the generator power is greater than this value, the generator is not in a motor operation whose power is greater than this rated power. Furthermore, it is checked whether the actual power of the generator has become smaller than twice the domestic demand. As a third condition, it is checked whether the difference between power setpoint and Actual power value is greater or less than twice its own requirement. A decrease in the actual power can thus be detected.
  • the three conditions mentioned above are linked with a logical and. The signal is thus generated when all these conditions are met or the generator power has changed abruptly by said predetermined value.
  • the predetermined first time interval is between 100 ms and 200 ms, in particular 150 ms.
  • the predetermined first time period is used to determine how long the second signal remains set and thus a short-circuit interruption is displayed.
  • This second predetermined period of time is advantageously dimensioned so that the associated turbine can be stopped or its valves can be closed quickly, so the overdrive can be triggered.
  • this predetermined first period of time is chosen so that the turbine is sufficiently quickly put back into the starting mode to support the frequency and voltage stability in the network by feeding active and reactive power with the generator.
  • the starting itself has a certain delay in itself, which means that the turbine can be stopped sufficiently quickly in the context of the subsequent load-shedding control.
  • the predetermined second time period is between 4 s and 10 s, in particular 7 s.
  • the predetermined second time period serves to block the second signal and to prevent the short-circuit interruption recognition from responding several times in succession after detection of a short-circuit interruption by oscillation of the generator active power around the zero point.
  • the predetermined second time period is advantageously chosen such that the mechanical torque and consequently the electric power of the generator come back faster than this selected second time period.
  • the generation of the third signal takes place as a function of the first signal and a predetermined third time span.
  • the first signal is the trigger and it is additionally determined whether this first signal persists for a predetermined third period of time.
  • a load shedding is thus present when, over a relatively long period of time, precisely this predetermined third period of time, the actual power of the generator is greatly reduced. In the case of a short-circuit interruption, however, a power of almost zero is generally only a few 100 ms.
  • the predetermined third time period is selected with a value between 1.5 s and 2.5 s, in particular 2 s.
  • This period of time means that it can be determined with certainty whether there is a load shedding or, for example, only an oscillation of the electrical power about the mechanical power after a short-circuit interruption.
  • the period of time is chosen such that the associated turbine is stopped sufficiently early enough. It should be noted in particular that after a restart of the turbine following the setting of the signal short-circuit interruption of this start is controlled by an associated speed control of the turbine. With the elimination of the electric power of the generator accelerates the drive train of the turbine so strong that their speed control sufficiently engages and prevents over-rotation of the turbine.
  • the turbine which starts again after about 1.5 s after stopping with the actual starting, does not over-tighten after 2 s in the case of permanent stopping and at most a very short-term hatching takes place on the generator.
  • a load shedding accelerates so the shaft train and absorbs the excess power of the turbine, which can no longer deliver it to the grid.
  • the speed of the turbine rises above the nominal value (for example, to a value up to 5% above the nominal value).
  • the speed controller decisively determines the manipulated variable for the opening of the associated valves of the turbine.
  • the valves remain closed, even if the signal for starting the turbine is already present again as a function of the second signal.
  • the signal to permanently stop the turbine so that the valves remain closed during this period in total and the turbine torque is driven as required to zero, until the speed of the turbine is below the setpoint.
  • the generation of the third signal takes place as a function of a load switch for the generator.
  • the load switch of the generator indicates whether the generator should ever feed electrical power into the grid.
  • a load switch is not safely mitbetätigt each load shedding, so for this reason, in addition, the above conditions are taken into account to reliably detect a load shedding.
  • a circuit arrangement or device 10 for controlling a steam power plant not shown further with a generator 12 and a turbine 14 is illustrated.
  • the device 10 comprises as essential elements a PEL signal line 16 and a PSW signal line 18, which lead from the generator 12 to a means 20 for providing a first signal.
  • This means 20 is designed as a control or regulating device in which a total of six switching elements 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e and 20f are formed.
  • the actual power (PEL) of the generator 12 is passed to the switching element 20a, which checks whether the actual power has dropped abruptly by a predetermined value GPLSP. In the present case, in particular a jump-like reduction of more than 70% is checked. To check for such power jumps, the power signal PEL is first filtered by a DT1 element.
  • the switching element 20b is derived from the input signal PEL, whether the actual power of the generator 12 is greater than a certain negative value GPNEG.
  • GPNEG a certain negative value
  • the switching element 20c it is checked whether the actual power PEL of the generator 12 is less than twice its own requirement GP2EB has become. It is recognized as a drop in the actual performance to less than twice its own needs.
  • the difference between the power setpoint and the power actual value is determined by means of the input signals actual power PEL and setpoint power PSW of the generator 12 and compared with the value 2x self-consumption. It is detected as a fall in the actual power.
  • the results of the switching elements 20b, 20c and 20d are linked to one another via the switching element 20e, this forming an AND connection.
  • the result of this link is linked to the result of the switching element 20a by means of the switching element 20f, these links in the switching element 20f being an OR link.
  • a signal S1 is generated, which indicates whether there is a reduction in the actual power PEL of the generator 12.
  • This signal S1 is supplied to a means 22 for generating a second signal KU.
  • This signal KU is considered to be a signal which basically indicates a short-circuit interruption in response to the first signal S1.
  • the generated second signal KU is reset after a predetermined first time TKU of present 150ms and subsequently blocked for a predetermined second time period CSPKU of the present 7 s.
  • a means 24 for resetting and blocking the second signal KU this means being designed with an RS flip-flop and an associated set signal.
  • the signal is held for the period of CSPKU and given to the reset input of the flip-flop.
  • This interconnection has the effect that the KU signal is available for a maximum of 150ms and can not be available again until after 7 s at the earliest.
  • the KU signal is forwarded via a KU signal line 26 to the turbine 14, where an unillustrated means in the form of a controller for stopping and starting the turbine 14 is provided. Due to the short-term KU signal, this controller causes the power setpoint PSW of the turbine 14 to be temporarily switched off.
  • the signal S1 is further directed to a means 28 for generating a third signal LAW, this third signal LAW being formed when the first signal S1 is longer than a predetermined third time period TLAW, in the present case 2s.
  • the signal LAW is conducted via an LAW signal line 30 to the turbine 14, where an unillustrated means for permanently stopping the turbine in response to the LAW signal 30 is provided.
  • Fig. 2 the associated process flow for controlling a steam power plant with the generator 12, the turbine 14 and the device 10 is illustrated.
  • the method comprises a step 34, in which the first signal S1 is provided, which indicates a reduction of the actual power PEL of the generator 12. This signal is either no or 0 respectively, returning to the input of step 34, or the signal S1 is 1 or yes, whereby a further step 36 of generating the second signal KU first takes place.
  • the signal KU fundamentally indicates a short-circuit interruption or it is assumed that such a short-circuit interruption could be present.
  • the second signal KU is then reset after a predetermined first time period TKU and subsequently the predetermined second time period TSPKU is blocked.
  • step 40 in which the turbine 14 stops and is then restarted.
  • the path from step 40 subsequently leads back to step 34.
  • step 42 it is further checked in a step 42 at the same time as steps 36, 38 and 40 whether the signal S1 is only permanently applied to the third time interval TLAW of the present case of 2s. If this is not the case, the method returns to step 34. If this is the case, the corresponding third signal LAW set to Yes or 1, and it is in a step 44, the turbine 14 is stopped permanently.
  • Fig. 3 For example, various waveforms of signals and measurements of generator 12 and turbine 14 are plotted over time.
  • a method for controlling a steam power plant according to the prior art is illustrated, wherein a first curve 46 shows the course of the mechanical torque of the turbine 14. It can be seen how this mechanical torque drops due to a sudden reduction of the actual power of the generator and subsequently increases again at least slightly due to the presence of a short-circuit interruption.
  • the curves 48 and 50 show the associated course of the electrical torque of the generator 12 and the active power of the generator 12. This active power corresponds to the actual power PEL. It can be seen that both the electrical torque and the active power start to oscillate due to the short-circuit interruption and have a zero pass several times.
  • the curve 52 shows the associated curve or the curve of the first signal S1 resulting therefrom according to the prior art. This signal is generated with the short-circuit interruption itself and subsequently several times due to the passage through the zero crossing. It follows that due to the signal S1, the associated turbine 14 is stopped several times (see the three circular markings at curve 46) and this leads to a strong reduction and delay of the power of the turbine. Associated curves 54 and 56 finally show the rotor angle in ° and the slip on the generator 12.
  • Fig. 4 and 5 is illustrated how the course of such and similar curves changed when using the inventive solution.
  • Curve 58 illustrates how the mechanical torque behaves over time when a short circuit interruption is detected by the method and apparatus of the present invention. It can be clearly seen that it does not lead to a repeated stop or overdrive release comes.
  • the curves 60 and 62 show the associated electrical torque and the associated active power of the generator 12, the curve 64 illustrates that in the procedure according to the invention, only a comparatively short KU signal is generated once. This is, as explained above, reset and subsequently blocked in such a way that it can not lead to a re-triggering a fast gear. Accordingly, this procedure leads to a very timely restart of the associated turbine 14 with a correspondingly different rotor angle (see curve 66) as well as some other slip behavior (see curve 68).
  • FIG. 5 is illustrated how the steam power plant according to the invention behaves when it comes to a load shedding.
  • a curve 70 shows the active power of the generator and a curve 72 the associated desired power (PSW).
  • a curve 74 shows the behavior of an associated turbine controller, wherein it can be seen that, after a brief interruption, this turbine controller restarts the associated turbine 14, but nevertheless limits its speed.
  • Curves 76 and 78 illustrate the associated course of the mean pressure of the valves of the turbine 14 as well as the live steam pressure of the valves of the turbine 14. It can be seen that the valves are closed with the elimination of the mechanical torque with the turbine governor and are subsequently kept closed by the turbine controller also targeted 1.5s.
  • a curve 80 shows the associated above-mentioned first signal and its course.
  • a curve 82 shows the course of the associated, above-mentioned second signal (KU), which is generated for a short time, then reset and subsequently blocked.
  • a curve 84 shows the course of an above-mentioned third signal (LAW) which is generated by the fact that the first signal (see curve 80) is continuously applied. With this third signal 84, the turbine 14 is correspondingly stopped permanently, which can be seen again in the course of the curve 74 (turbine controller).
  • a curve 86 shows the course of the mechanical Moments on the turbine, it can be seen how this mechanical torque decreases due to the omission of the mechanical torque of the generator 12.
  • the overdrive of the valves on the turbine 14 is triggered by the signal KU and this triggering takes place only once for the reasons mentioned. If, after a predefined time, the signal which led to the generation of the signal KU continues to be present, the signal LAW is generated and the valves remain closed until the rotational speed of the turbine has largely fallen, after which the mechanical torque can be increased safely for own use , This delay phase protects the generator 12 from overspeeding and generally lasts longer than 10 seconds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
EP08015000A 2008-08-25 2008-08-25 Procédé et dispositif destinés au réglage d'une centrale à vapeur Withdrawn EP2208867A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08015000A EP2208867A1 (fr) 2008-08-25 2008-08-25 Procédé et dispositif destinés au réglage d'une centrale à vapeur
JP2011524320A JP5194175B2 (ja) 2008-08-25 2009-08-17 火力発電所を制御する方法及びデバイス
RU2011111282/06A RU2472006C2 (ru) 2008-08-25 2009-08-17 Способ и устройство для регулирования паротурбинной электростанции
EP09781887A EP2318667A2 (fr) 2008-08-25 2009-08-17 Procédé et dispositif pour réguler une centrale thermique à vapeur
KR1020117006906A KR101282056B1 (ko) 2008-08-25 2009-08-17 증기 발전소를 제어하기 위한 방법 및 디바이스
CN200980133303.8A CN102137987B (zh) 2008-08-25 2009-08-17 用于控制蒸汽发电站的方法和装置
PCT/EP2009/060593 WO2010026035A2 (fr) 2008-08-25 2009-08-17 Procédé et dispositif pour réguler une centrale thermique à vapeur
US13/060,308 US8624414B2 (en) 2008-08-25 2009-08-17 Method and device for controlling a steam power plant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08015000A EP2208867A1 (fr) 2008-08-25 2008-08-25 Procédé et dispositif destinés au réglage d'une centrale à vapeur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2208867A1 true EP2208867A1 (fr) 2010-07-21

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EP08015000A Withdrawn EP2208867A1 (fr) 2008-08-25 2008-08-25 Procédé et dispositif destinés au réglage d'une centrale à vapeur
EP09781887A Withdrawn EP2318667A2 (fr) 2008-08-25 2009-08-17 Procédé et dispositif pour réguler une centrale thermique à vapeur

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09781887A Withdrawn EP2318667A2 (fr) 2008-08-25 2009-08-17 Procédé et dispositif pour réguler une centrale thermique à vapeur

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US8624414B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2208867A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5194175B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101282056B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102137987B (fr)
RU (1) RU2472006C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010026035A2 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2423464A1 (fr) * 2010-08-27 2012-02-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé destiné au réglage d'un turbogénérateur
DE102012204218A1 (de) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Leistungsregelung und/oder Frequenzregelung bei einem solarthermischen Dampfkraftwerk
EP2720338B1 (fr) * 2012-10-10 2021-06-09 FIMER S.p.A. Procédé et disposition de détection d'opération d'îlotage d'un générateur de puissance distribué
GB2509103B (en) * 2012-12-20 2020-05-06 Bowman Power Group Ltd Method and apparatus for controlling a turbogenerator system

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EP0465137A1 (fr) * 1990-06-28 1992-01-08 General Electric Company Dispositif de contrôle d'une turbine à cycle combiné
DE4411327C1 (de) * 1994-03-25 1995-03-30 Ver Energiewerke Ag Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung eines Signals zur Steuerung der Inselbetriebsfahrweise eines in einem Verbundnetz angeordneten Kraftwerksblockes
DE19545520A1 (de) * 1994-12-06 1996-06-13 Electricite De France Geschwindigkeitsregelvorrichtung für eine Turbowechselstromgeneratorgruppe
WO2008099894A1 (fr) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Système à vapeur, et son système et procédé de commande

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102137987B (zh) 2014-01-08
JP2012500931A (ja) 2012-01-12
JP5194175B2 (ja) 2013-05-08
US8624414B2 (en) 2014-01-07
RU2011111282A (ru) 2012-09-27
KR101282056B1 (ko) 2013-07-05
KR20110047257A (ko) 2011-05-06
EP2318667A2 (fr) 2011-05-11
RU2472006C2 (ru) 2013-01-10
WO2010026035A3 (fr) 2010-08-05
WO2010026035A2 (fr) 2010-03-11
US20110156408A1 (en) 2011-06-30
CN102137987A (zh) 2011-07-27

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