EP2206843A1 - Clamping device for connecting construction elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The spanner nut comprises a special steel casting. The connection points, provided with the manufacturing-tolerances, are formed as slot (2)- and longitudinal hole (4) in the recesses contained in the side walls. The spanner nut receives the tensile forces for the connections with the concrete components due to its geometrical shape (1) and arrangement of the holes for the screw connections.

Description

The present invention relates to a turnbuckle for connecting components, a kit for connecting components with a turnbuckle according to the invention, a method for connecting components with a turnbuckle invention, an arrangement for connecting components and a method for preparing components, in the turnbuckle invention is used.

In the construction of new buildings often precast concrete parts are used, which are connected to each other on the site. There are high demands on the connection. The connection should be fast and inexpensive to build and can withstand high loads.

So far, boxes with reinforcing elements have been arranged in Vergussnuten the components. These reinforcing elements may e.g. consist of reinforcing steel. When composing the components overlap the reinforcing elements. These overlapping reinforcement elements are grouted in the grout with grout.

However, this method is time-consuming, since it takes some time until the grout has hardened and the bond is loadable.

In order to build new buildings quickly, it is necessary that the components can be connected quickly and safely on the construction site.

The object of the invention is to simplify the connection of components.

The object is achieved by a turnbuckle for connecting components, in particular precast concrete, which is substantially cup-shaped and at least accessible from the outside via an access opening receiving space and additionally preferably opposite each other, opening into the receiving passage sections, which are preferably designed as passages , For passing through attachment means.

This solution has the advantage that components, especially precast concrete parts, can be quickly, efficiently and safely connected to each other. The connection is immediately after

Stress of the turnbuckle can be loaded. A curing time is not necessary. Thus, the turnbuckle invention greatly simplifies the assembly of concrete elements and leads to a significant time savings on the site. In addition, the turnbuckle invention can be manufactured efficiently and in series in high precision.

It may be advantageous if the turnbuckle has at least two tapered, preferably tapered side walls. This has the advantage that the necessary space for the rotational movement of a clamping tool is given in the creation of screw and a higher mechanical strength is achieved by the special geometric shape of the turnbuckle.

If at least two side walls are substantially planar and face each other, preferably in parallel, there is a straight-line load transfer in the pulling direction.

Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the passage sections are formed in the planar side walls, since in this way the assembly can be further simplified.

In addition, it may be advantageous if the tapered side walls are connected to each other, so that the cross section is V- or U-shaped. In this way, the onset of a clamping tool in the creation of screw with the components can be further simplified.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, the passage sections may preferably be offset by 90 °, and be formed as a slot and / or slot, and preferably one of the passage sections may be formed as a slot and another of the passage sections as a slot. This design allows an even easier and faster installation of the turnbuckle and compensates in the assembly process, resulting in the manufacture of the components tolerances of the attachment points from.

If the slot is open at least on one side and preferably opens into the access opening, the assembly can be further simplified.

It may also prove advantageous if the turnbuckle consists at least in sections of plastic and / or metal and preferably of a cast steel. In this way, the stability of the turnbuckle can be further increased.

The object is also achieved by a kit for connecting components, in particular precast concrete parts, with at least one turnbuckle according to the invention and at least one anchoring, preferably a wave anchor.

This solution has the advantage that a significant time savings can be achieved on the site, since no curing time is necessary and the connection of the components after installation of the turnbuckle is immediately loaded.

It may be favorable if the kit further comprises at least one recess body, which is preferably intended to be fastened to a formwork element for producing a component and which is further provided to hold at least one anchoring, preferably a wave anchor, which is provided to be inserted into the device. This has the advantage that the components can already be prepared at the factory for receiving the turnbuckle invention.

It may be advantageous if the recess body at least partially made of metal and / or plastic and is preferably at least partially magnetic. The recess body can be mounted in this way even easier on a formwork element and also removed again. In addition, an even safer placement of the recess body is possible.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, the kit may further comprise a sealing means, preferably a sealing band, which is provided to be inserted between the components before the components are connected thereto. By using such a sealant even higher water and gas impermeability of the joints between the components is achieved.

• Zusammensetzen von mit jeweils zumindest einer Aussparung und einer Verankerung, vorzugsweise einem Wellenanker, versehenen Bauelementen, so dass die Aussparungen den zu verbindenden Bauelementen gegenüberliegen,
• Einsetzen des erfindungsgemäßen Spannschlosses in die Aussparungen der Bauelemente,
• Einsetzen der Befestigungsmittel durch die Zugangsöffnung in den Aufnahmeraum und durch jeweils einen Durchtrittsabschnitt des Spannschlosses in jeweils eine Verankerung, vorzugsweise einen Wellenanker,
• Befestigen der Befestigungsmittel.

The above object is also achieved by a method for joining components, in particular precast concrete parts, comprising the following steps:

• Assembling of each with at least one recess and an anchor, preferably a wave anchor, provided components, so that the recesses opposite to the components to be connected,
• Inserting the turnbuckle according to the invention into the recesses of the components,
• Inserting the fastening means through the access opening into the receiving space and through in each case one passage section of the turnbuckle in each case an anchorage, preferably a wave anchor,
• Attach the fasteners.

This solution has the advantage that the assembly of the components is greatly simplified and high precision in production is achieved. In addition, a significant time savings on the construction site is possible. The components can thus be connected efficiently and quickly. The clamping of the components is possible without additional materials and special aids.

If a sealant, preferably a sealing tape, is inserted between the sides of the components to be joined prior to bonding, the water and gas impermeability of a joint between the connected components can be increased.

In addition, it may prove advantageous if the thickness of the components is greater than the depth of the recess. This allows an even better sealing of the components.

In addition, it may prove advantageous if, in the connected state of the components, the sealing means runs behind the turnbuckle, since thus the seal can be further increased.

Furthermore, the above object is achieved by an arrangement for connecting components, in particular precast concrete parts, with at least one turnbuckle according to the invention, at least two components, each having at least one recess into which the turnbuckle can be inserted and an anchor, preferably a wave anchor, over the recess is accessible and fasteners.

This solution has the advantage that a rational and fast connection of components, which is also safe, is possible. In this way costs and time can be saved.

It may be advantageous if the arrangement additionally has a sealing element, preferably a sealing strip, which is provided to be inserted between the sides of the components to be connected prior to joining them. In this way, the water and gas impermeability of a joint between the connected components can be increased.

• Anbringen eines vorzugsweise zumindest abschnittsweise magnetischen Aussparungskörpers, der zumindest eine Verankerung, vorzugsweise einen Wellenanker hält an einem Schalungselement,
• Ausfüllen des Schalungselements mit einem Füllstoff, vorzugsweise mit Beton,
• Aushärtenlassen des Füllstoffs,
• Entfernen des Schalungselements und des Aussparungskörpers.

In addition, the above object is achieved by a method for preparing components, preferably precast concrete parts, in which the turnbuckle according to the invention is to be used, which comprises the following steps:

• Attaching a preferably at least partially magnetic recess body, which holds at least one anchor, preferably a wave anchor on a formwork element,
• Filling the formwork element with a filler, preferably with concrete,
• Allowing the filler to cure,
• Removing the formwork element and the recess body.

This solution has the advantage that the components can be prefabricated with high precision and can be quickly and safely connected to the construction site by the turnbuckle invention without additional materials.

The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment and associated drawings.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Spannschlosses mit Zugriffsöffnungen,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf das erfindungsgemäße Spannschloss,

Fig. 3

eine Schnittansicht der Fig. 2 entlang der Linie E-E,

Fig. 4

eine Schnittansicht der Fig. 2 entlang der Linie D-D,

Fig. 5

eine Schnittansicht der Fig. 2 entlang der Linie C-C,

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung von zwei Bauelementen mit einem Dichtband und eingesetztem Spannschloss,

Fig. 7

eine Schnittansicht von Fig. 6 entlang der Linie A-A,

Fig. 8

ein Schalungselement mit Aussparungskörper und Wellenanker,

Fig. 9

schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Spannschlosses ohne Zugriffsöffnungen.

These drawings show:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of the turnbuckle invention with access openings,

Fig. 2

a plan view of the turnbuckle invention,

Fig. 3

a sectional view of Fig. 2 along the line EE,

Fig. 4

a sectional view of Fig. 2 along the line DD,

Fig. 5

a sectional view of Fig. 2 along the line CC,

Fig. 6

a schematic representation of two components with a sealing tape and inserted turnbuckle,

Fig. 7

a sectional view of Fig. 6 along the line AA,

Fig. 8

a formwork element with recess body and wave anchor,

Fig. 9

schematic representation of the turnbuckle invention without access openings.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the turnbuckle 1 according to the invention for connecting components 10, in particular precast concrete elements 10 (see. Fig. 6 ). How out Fig. 1 can be seen, the turnbuckle 1 is substantially cup-shaped and has an accessible from the outside via an access opening 9 receiving space 2. In addition, the turnbuckle 1 has two opposite (offset by 90 °), opening into the receiving space 2 through openings 3, 4 for passing through fastening means, such as screws 13 (see. Fig. 6 ) on. In the present embodiment, a passage opening 3 is formed as a slot 3, which is open on one side and opens into the access opening 9. The other passage opening 4 is formed in the present embodiment as a slot 4. The slot 3 and the slot 4 are formed in the flat and opposite side walls 7, 8.

The number shown in the embodiment, design and arrangement of the passage openings 3, 4 is to be regarded only as an example. For more effective installation and better compensation possibility of manufacturing tolerances provided with connection points so the flat side walls 7, 8 of the turnbuckle 1 z. B. each be provided with a slot 3 and slot and / or a slot or two offset by 90 ° oblong holes.

The side walls 5, 6 are tapered, d. H. tapered and curved formed.

The conical side walls 5, 6 are integrally formed in the present embodiment and have a U-shaped cross-section. The one-piece design of the conical side walls 5, 6 is only exemplary. Alternatively, the conical side walls 5,6 may also be formed as individual side walls which are connected to each other. A V-shaped cross section is conceivable.

To save weight are in the conical side walls 5,6 and in the bottom 21 of the turnbuckle 1 (see. Fig. 2 ) Access openings 20, which are formed here as recesses 20 made. The arrangement and number of access openings 20 depends on the respective circumstances. In order to obtain a particularly high stability of the turnbuckle 1, it is also conceivable to provide no access openings 20 (cf. Fig. 9 ). If necessary, access openings can be arranged only or additionally in the flat side walls 7, 8.

Due to the conical design of the side walls 5, 6, the required clearance for the rotational movement of a clamping tool, not shown in creating a screw is given.

The turnbuckle 1 is at least partially made of plastic and / or metal and preferably of a cast steel. A highly resilient cast steel guarantees the removal of the tensile and shear forces occurring and also ensures a rational and cost-effective production of the turnbuckle 1. Due to its geometric shape and arrangement of the passage openings 3, 4, which can also be considered as recesses 3, 4, for the screw the turnbuckle 1 according to the invention takes the tensile and shear forces occurring for the connection to be created with the corresponding components 10 (see FIG. Fig. 6 ) on. Instead of screw connections, other suitable connections are possible.

From the Fig. 2 is a plan view of the turnbuckle 1 can be seen. In Fig. 2 are particularly good to see the access openings 20. Also the Fig. 3 shows particularly clearly an access opening 20. The Fig. 4 shows the flat side wall 8 with the slot 4 and the Fig. 5 shows the flat side wall 7 with the slot 3. In addition, in Fig. 5 the opening angle of the side wall 7 indicated at 38.8 °. This angle is to be regarded as exemplary only and can be adapted to the circumstances.

Fig. 6 shows two components 10, each with a recess 11, in which the turnbuckle 1 according to the invention is used. The turnbuckle 1 is fastened to a component 10 with a respective screw 13 and a washer 12. Between the sides to be joined 18, 19 of the components 10 is a sealing tape 14. As shown in Fig. 6 can be seen, the sealing strip 14 runs behind the turnbuckle. 1

In conjunction with an elastic, preferably swellable sealing tape 14 made of natural or synthetic rubber and / or bitumen-based, as z. B. known under the trade name RubberElast ^® , the turnbuckle 1 according to the invention can also be used for a variety of structural solutions with precast concrete in the WU area. How out Fig. 6 can be seen, the sealing tape 14 is mounted in the joint area of the components to be connected 10 and compressed by the introduced clamping operation by means of the turnbuckle 1. Assembly and sealing are reduced to one operation. Ideally, the sealing tape 14 is self-adhesive and permanently bonded by the contact pressure elastic with the concrete element 10. Immediately after assembly, the gap 22 between the concrete elements 10 is watertight. Other embodiments of the sealing tape 14, which are not self-adhesive, are conceivable.

Thanks to the extremely high water and gas impermeability of the material, but also its mechanical and chemical resistance is a sealing tape 14, such. RubberElast ^{® is} an ideal solution for joint sealing in WU prefabricated parts. Troughs, shafts, canals but also WU cellar in the residential building are not only securely sealed but also mounted very quickly and cost-saving.

In addition to RubberElast ^® , other sealing tapes or sealants are conceivable. The sealing tape 14 used ideally has, in addition to an extremely high water and gas impermeability, a very good adhesion by adhesion, rapid processing, with no tools required and is waterproof immediately after installation. Depending on the application, the sealing strip 14 should be flexible, acid, running, salt and liquid manure resistant even at low temperatures. In addition, the sealing tape 14 should be weatherproof and generally inspected by building inspectorate. Depending on the application, the sealing tape 14 does not have all the listed properties.

The screw 12 of the Fig. 6 is with a wave anchor 16 (see. Fig. 8 ), which is located in the component 10, connected.

Fig. 7 shows a sectional view of Fig. 6 along the line AA. In this figure, it can be seen particularly clearly that a thickness D of the component 10 is greater than a depth T of the recess 11. In addition, it is shown that the sealing band 14 has passed behind the turnbuckle 1. Furthermore, the slot 4, the washer 12 and the screw 13 are shown.

Fig. 8 shows a formwork element 17 with a recess body 15 and the shaft anchor 16th

Usually there is a casing of two formwork elements 17, between which the filler, eg concrete, is filled. In Fig. 8 only one formwork element 17 is shown. The wave anchor 16 has proved to be particularly advantageous and has a building inspection approval for the continuous load case. However, other suitable anchorages are conceivable. The recess body 15 has conical side walls to be more easily removed from the precast concrete part. The concrete design of the recess body can be adapted to the circumstances. The recess body 15 is advantageously magnetically attached to the formwork element 17. This makes it easy to attach the recess body 15 to the formwork element 17. It is also conceivable to clamp the recess body 15 between two formwork elements 17 or fasten with screws or nails. Other suitable attachment methods are conceivable. How out Fig. 8 can be seen, the shaft anchor 16 is partially inserted into the recess body 15. Thus, the wave anchor 16 is fixed to the formwork element 17 during the filling of the concrete.

The kit according to the invention for connecting components 10, which can also be referred to as a clamping system comprises the turnbuckle 1 according to the invention and at least one anchor 16. Furthermore, the kit at least one recess body 15 as described above and at least one anchor 16 such. B. have the above-described wave armature 16, which is intended to be inserted into the device 10. In addition, the kit, if a particularly tight connection between the components 10 is required, a sealant 14 such. B. have the sealing tape described above.

This sealing tape 14 is inserted before connecting the components 10 between the sides 18, 19 of the components 10 to be joined.

According to the inventive method for connecting components 10 such. B. precast concrete elements 10 are first the components 10, each having at least one recess 11, assembled so that the recesses 11 are of the components to be connected 10 opposite. Ideally, an anchor 16 z. B. the wave anchor 16 described above in the device such. B. the precast concrete 10 admitted.

Thereafter, the turnbuckle invention is inserted into the recesses 11 of the components 10. Then, the screws 13 through the access opening 9 in the receiving space 2 and by a respective passage section 3, 4, such. B. the slot 3 or the slot 4 of the turnbuckle 1, used in the anchorage. Due to the Design of the slot 3 and the slot 4 is an effective installation and better compensation possibility of manufacturing tolerances provided with connection points possible.

The turnbuckle 1 is then fixed with the screws 13 and the washers 12. Thereafter, the screws 13 z. B. attracted with a Ringratschen- or with a torque wrench.

This order is only an example and can be changed. It is Z. B. conceivable that the anchors are not already installed at the factory in the components, but are used on the site.

If a water- and / or gas-permeable connection is desired, it is necessary to insert a sealant 14 between the sides 18, 19 of the components 10 to be joined. The use of a sealing tape 14 such. B. RubberElast ^® particularly advantageous.

If this sealing strip 14 extends in the connected state of the components 10 behind the turnbuckle 1, a particularly good seal is possible.

The inventive arrangement for connecting components 10 has at least one inventive turnbuckle 1, two components 10, each having at least one recess 11 into which the turnbuckle 1 is inserted, and an anchor 16 preferably in a wave armature 16, via the recess 11 In addition, the arrangement may, if a tight connection is desired, have the sealing tape 14 described above.

In the inventive method for preparing components 10 such. B. precast concrete 10, in which the turnbuckle 1 according to the invention is to be used, at least one recess body 15 is first attached to the formwork element 17. An easy assembly and disassembly of the recess body 15 is possible if it is magnetically attached to the formwork element 17. However, there are other attachment options such. As screws or clamps conceivable. This recess body 15 holds at least one anchor 16 such. B. a wave anchor 16. After attaching the recess body 15 with the anchor 16, the formwork element 17 with a filler z. B. filled concrete. In FIG. 8 only one formwork element 17 is shown. For filling, however, two shuttering elements 17th needed. After curing of the filler, the formwork elements 17 and the recess body 15 are removed. The anchor 16, which was removably secured in the recess body 15, remains in the component 10.

The present invention relates to a turnbuckle 1, which may also be referred to as a clamping device, for mounting a permanent connection of precast concrete parts 10 or similar structural elements of other suitable materials. This turnbuckle 1 allows by its trained specific shape and the arranged fasteners such. B. screwing, especially screws, a bracing and the rapid rational assembly and permanent structural connection of precast concrete 10, z. B. precast concrete elements 10 or components 10 of other suitable materials. The special geometric shape of the turnbuckle 1 allows screw and embedded in the concrete elements 10 wave anchor 16 and anchor sleeves assembly and permanent connection of the concrete elements 10 and precast concrete 10. The turnbuckle invention 1 thus simplifies the installation of precast concrete 10 strong, promises a high Precision in the production and a significant time savings on the construction site.

Possible areas of application include the fixed and permanent connection of floor and ceiling slabs, sandwich panels, double walls and angle brackets.

In addition to the use as a constructive connection element, the turnbuckle 1 is provided for the scheduled and permanent transmission of tensile and shear forces at predominantly static loads.

The tensioning system consists of a turnbuckle 1 according to the invention and anchors 16 such. B. wave anchor 16, which are intended to be embedded in the precast concrete elements 10. Conceivable are two versions, which can be loaded with tensile forces of up to 50 kN or 100 kN. This information is to be regarded as exemplary only. Depending on the circumstances and versions with lower or higher tensile forces are conceivable.

As already described in detail above, there are for the factory preparation of the clamping point shaft anchor 16 or anchor sleeves and magnetically fixed on the formwork element 17 and a pallet recess body 15, the z. B. at least partially made of plastic. These recess body 15 can be positioned with a few simple steps. At the construction site, the concrete elements 10 are brought together, the Inserted turnbuckle 1, clamped with the associated screws 13 and thus constructively connected.

In particular, prefabrication can be made precisely in the precast concrete plant. The exact positioning of the shaft anchors or anchor sleeves and the formation of the recess by means of the magnetic recess body in only one step.

A sealing tape 14 such. B. RubberElast ^® is simply pressed onto the concrete during assembly in the area of the butt joint. Ideally, this sealing tape 14 is self-adhesive. A protective strip of the sealing tape 14 is removed and the next concrete element 10 is pressed against the sealing strip 14.

The turnbuckle is inserted and fixed with the screws and washers or washers.

Finally, the screws are tightened with a ring ratchet or torque wrench.

The clamping system offers many universal applications, for example in the installation of angle brackets, which are used in road and civil engineering, gardening and landscaping and coastal protection area, as well as in the connection of floor slabs, shaft sections, ceiling and wall elements and many other constructive precast concrete.

The advantages of the turnbuckle according to the invention lie in the efficient and rapid connection of components 10, the clamping of the components 10 without additional materials and special aids. In addition, the turnbuckle can be combined with all approved anchor systems and has a low dead weight. Elaborate individual solutions are eliminated with the turnbuckle invention. Due to the magnetic technology (recess body 15 magnetically attachable to formwork element 17) an accurate positioning in the manufacturing process is possible.

The use of a sealing tape 14 such. B. RubberElast ^® ensures extremely high water and gas impermeability, very good adhesion through adhesion, rapid processing, with no tools required. The connection is waterproof immediately after installation. In addition, the sealing tape is flexible even at low temperatures, resistant to acids, alkalis, salts and weathering.

Claims (15)

Turnbuckle for connecting components (10), in particular precast concrete parts (10), which is essentially cup-shaped and has a receiving space (2) accessible at least from the outside via an access opening (9) and additionally, preferably opposing one another, into the receiving space (2). opening passage sections (3, 4), which are preferably designed as passage openings (3,4), for passing through fastening means (13). Turnbuckle according to claim 1, characterized in that the turnbuckle (1) has at least two tapered, preferably tapered, side walls (5, 6) and / or at least two side walls (7, 8) are substantially planar and are preferably parallel to each other. Turnbuckle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the passage sections (3, 4) in the planar side walls (7, 8) are formed and / or the tapered side walls (5, 6) are interconnected, so that the cross-section V- or is U-shaped. Turnbuckle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passage sections (3, 4), preferably offset by 90 °, and as a slot (3) and / or slot (4) are formed and preferably one of the passage sections as a slot ( 3) and another of the passage portions is formed as a slot (4) and / or the slot (3) is open at least on one side and preferably in the access opening (9) opens. Turnbuckle according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turnbuckle (1) consists at least in sections of plastic and / or metal and preferably of a cast steel. Kit for connecting components (10), in particular precast concrete parts (10), with at least one turnbuckle (1) according to claims 1 to 5 and at least one anchoring (16), preferably a wave anchor (16). Kit according to claim 6, characterized in that the kit additionally comprises at least one recess body (15), which is preferably intended to be fastened to a formwork element (17) for producing a component (10), and which is further provided at least one anchorage (16), preferably to hold a shaft anchor (16) intended to be inserted into the component (10). Kit according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the recess body (15) at least partially made of metal and / or plastic and is preferably at least partially magnetic. Kit according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the kit further comprises a sealing means (14), preferably a sealing strip (14), which is provided to be inserted between them before joining the components (10). Method for joining components (10), in particular precast concrete parts (10), comprising the following steps: Assembling components (10) provided with in each case at least one recess (11) and an anchoring (16), preferably a shaft anchor (16), so that the recesses (11) lie opposite the components (10) to be connected, Inserting the turnbuckle (1) according to claim 1 to 5 in the recesses (11) of the components (10), Inserting the fastening means (13) through the access opening (9) into the receiving space (2) and through in each case one passage section (3, 4) of the turnbuckle (1) in each case an anchoring (16), preferably a wave anchor (16), Attach the fasteners (13). Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that a sealing means (14), preferably a sealing tape (14), is inserted between the sides (18, 19) of the components (10) to be joined, preferably in the connected state of the components (10 ) the sealing means (14) behind the turnbuckle (1). A method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the thickness (D) of the components (10) is greater than the depth (T) of the recess (11). Arrangement for connecting components (10), in particular precast concrete elements (10), with at least one turnbuckle (1) according to claims 1 to 5, at least two components (10) each having at least one recess (11) into which the turnbuckle (1) can be used and an anchor, preferably a wave anchor (16) which is accessible via the recess (11), and fastening means (13). Arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that the arrangement additionally comprises a sealing means (14), preferably sealing tape (14), which is provided between the sides to be joined (18, 19) of the components (10) before connecting them to become. Method for preparing components (10), preferably precast concrete parts (10) into which the turnbuckle (1) according to claims 1 to 5 is to be inserted, comprising the following steps: Attaching a preferably at least partially magnetic recess body (15) which holds at least one anchoring (16), preferably a wave anchor (16), to a formwork element (17), Filling the formwork element (17) with a filler, preferably with concrete, Allowing the filler to cure with a filler, Removing the formwork element (17) and the recess body (15).

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