EP2205346A2 - Household waste processing device and system - Google Patents

Household waste processing device and system

Info

Publication number
EP2205346A2
EP2205346A2 EP08843232A EP08843232A EP2205346A2 EP 2205346 A2 EP2205346 A2 EP 2205346A2 EP 08843232 A EP08843232 A EP 08843232A EP 08843232 A EP08843232 A EP 08843232A EP 2205346 A2 EP2205346 A2 EP 2205346A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
shovel
mixing
shovels
toothing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08843232A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2205346B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Mazon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valorom
Original Assignee
Valorom
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valorom filed Critical Valorom
Priority to SI200830343T priority Critical patent/SI2205346T1/en
Priority to PL08843232T priority patent/PL2205346T3/en
Publication of EP2205346A2 publication Critical patent/EP2205346A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2205346B1 publication Critical patent/EP2205346B1/en
Priority to CY20111100783T priority patent/CY1114583T1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/25—Mixers with rotating receptacles with material flowing continuously through the receptacles from inlet to discharge
    • B01F29/251—Mixers with rotating receptacles with material flowing continuously through the receptacles from inlet to discharge with at least one screw inside the receptacle for feeding or discharging, e.g. the axis of screw and receptacle being parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/30—Mixing the contents of individual packages or containers, e.g. by rotating tins or bottles
    • B01F29/31—Mixing the contents of individual packages or containers, e.g. by rotating tins or bottles the containers being supported by driving means, e.g. by rotating rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/40—Parts or components, e.g. receptacles, feeding or discharging means
    • B01F29/401—Receptacles, e.g. provided with liners
    • B01F29/402—Receptacles, e.g. provided with liners characterised by the relative disposition or configuration of the interior of the receptacles
    • B01F29/4022—Configuration of the interior
    • B01F29/40221—Configuration of the interior provided with baffles, plates or bars on the wall or the bottom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/60—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers
    • B01F29/63—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers with fixed bars, i.e. stationary, or fixed on the receptacle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a system for treating and recovering household waste. It relates in particular to the valuation of garbage bags.
  • a first objective of the invention is to propose a solution to facilitate the sorting operations, in particular the opening of the bags.
  • a second objective of the invention is also to provide a system for improving the recovery of household waste, including that of bags.
  • such a device is a mixing device for household waste comprising a drum comprising an interior volume defined by two generally disk-shaped sponges arranged transversely to the mixing axis, at a distance from each other according to said axis, and a generally cylindrical belt connecting the edges of said eardrums, characterized in that it further comprises mixing shovels protruding on an inner surface of the belt, at least one of said shovels comprising, on a distant ridge of the belt, a shredding toothing of garbage bags.
  • each shovel extends from one eardrum to the other.
  • each shovel is disposed substantially parallel to the mixing axis.
  • the shovels may further be provided to radially project on the inner surface of the belt.
  • the toothing advantageously extends over a major part of the length of the shovel, from a drum.
  • the toothing preferably has a transverse inclination to the drum, in a direction corresponding to the mixing direction. Thus, during mixing, it comes to flee in the bags that would be in its path, to tear them.
  • the device may comprise an even number of shovels, and a shovel equipped with a toothing be arranged alternately between two shovels without toothing.
  • a series of shovels is more particularly affected to the opening of the bags.
  • the other series of shovels which is not likely to hang some waste, is particularly suitable for mixing.
  • the shovels with teeth preferably each have a substantially constant height and substantially between 6 and 9 percent of the inner diameter of the drum.
  • the shovels without teeth preferably each have a substantially constant height and substantially between 9 and 13 percent of the inner diameter of the drum.
  • the toothing may be made of a plate whose free edge comprises a cutout in the form of successive triangles, fixed on the peak of the shovel by an edge opposite the free edge.
  • one of the eardrums can be assigned to the supply of garbage in the drum, in the vicinity of the axis, and a hatch provided for the evacuation of the mixture can be arranged in the opposite tympanum, in the vicinity immediate area of the belt, said drum further comprising a coil extending along the inner surface of the belt from an end of a first shovel, near the entrance eardrum, away from the input eardrum in the direction of the tympanum drain while approaching a shovel immediately adjacent in the direction of mixing.
  • the device may comprise several turns, each between two adjacent shovels, the hatch may be arranged between two shovels, in the immediate vicinity of the neighboring shovel in the mixing direction and the corresponding turn may extend to the emptying drum, then that or the other turns meet a respective shovel at a distance from said discharge drum.
  • a turn may be formed of a sheet fixed perpendicularly to the inner face of the belt, and has a height, preferably constant, between 0.6 and 1 times the height of a shovel.
  • the device may further comprise suction means for inorganic residues and fines.
  • a system for recovering household waste according to the invention is particularly remarkable in that it comprises a mixing device according to the invention equipped with such suction means, and in that it further comprises a device for gasifying waste and fine aspirates.
  • Such a system advantageously comprises a device for producing electricity from waste and gasified fines.
  • Figure 1 is a partially cutaway view of a device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of a single shovel for the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial view, in perspective and in section, of a toothed shovel for the device of Figure 1;
  • FIG 4 is a schematic view of a household waste treatment system including a device according to the invention.
  • a device 1 according to the invention comprises a mixing drum 2.
  • the drum is designed to receive garbage to be treated, homogenize and mix with suitable treatment products.
  • the drum rests on rollers 3 which serve to support and rotate it around a drum axis X2.
  • the mixture is made in a chosen direction of rotation, illustrated by an arrow M.
  • the drum axis X2 is substantially horizontal.
  • the drum 2 defines an interior space intended to receive the garbage.
  • This interior space is defined by a substantially cylindrical belt 4 and two eardrums 6.7.
  • the belt 4 is substantially of revolution about the axis X2.
  • the eardrums each have substantially the general shape of a disc perpendicular to the axis X2, said two eardrums being spaced from each other along the axis X2 and their peripheral edges being interconnected by the belt 4.
  • the device of Figure 1 further comprises a hopper 10 provided to receive the waste intended to be processed in the device.
  • a supply screw 8 is disposed at the bottom of the hopper 10.
  • This screw is of the worm type; it is substantially coaxial with the drum 2, that is to say that the supply is made through an input tympanum 6 among the two drum sponges 6,7, substantially in the center of the input tympanum 6.
  • the device also comprises a hatch 9 for evacuation of garbage contained in the drum. This trap is formed in the other tympanum, said discharge drum 7.
  • a hopper 11 and a worm 12 collect garbage at the exit of the hatch 9, and then transport them. To ensure mixing inside the drum 2, it comprises shovels 13, 14 and 15,16 turns.
  • Each shovel extends from one eardrum to the other, substantially longitudinally, that is to say substantially parallel to the axis X2.
  • Each shovel extends radially from an inner surface of the belt, towards the axis X4.
  • the shovels are regularly distributed around the X2 axis. In the example illustrated, the shovels are eight in number.
  • the shovels are in addition of two categories; the shovels of one are equipped with teeth while others do not. In the illustrated example, there are four toothed shovels 14 arranged alternately between two toothless shovels 13.
  • Each shovel has a hollow cross section substantially symmetrical on both sides of a respective radial and longitudinal plane P (see FIG. 3).
  • the section narrows as one moves away from the belt 2, first slowly, then more quickly by a triangular tip forming a crest of the shovel.
  • the teeth 17 are formed in a plate 18 fixed on one of the sides of the tip, so that it is inclined relative to the respective radial plane P, in the mixing direction M.
  • the teeth 17 are formed in a free edge of the plate 18, so that that they exceed beyond the crest of the shovel. In the illustrated example, the teeth extend over the entire depth L17 of the plate protruding beyond the crest of the shovel.
  • the plate extends longitudinally from the input tympanum 6 over a distance L18 greater than half the length L2 of the drum.
  • Each turn 15,16 extends along the inner surface of the belt 2 from one end of a first shovel 13,14, near the input eardrum 6, away from the entrance eardrum towards the drain drum 7 while approaching a shovel 14,13 immediately adjacent in the direction of mixing M.
  • a turn 15,16 is disposed between each shovel and each of its immediate neighbors.
  • Current turns 15 stop at a distance L15 from the discharge tympanum 7.
  • the current turns 15 form with an transverse plane, for example with a tympanum, an angle A15.
  • L2 - L15 ⁇ L18 is selected.
  • the hatch 9 is disposed just before a shovel, here a shovel 14, by traveling along the belt in the direction of mixing M.
  • a special turn 16 is disposed between the shovel that precedes the shovel and this shovel toothed.
  • This special turn 16 extends substantially from the junction of the previous shovel 13 with the input tympanum 6, until the junction of the corresponding toothed shovel with the emptying drum 7, in the immediate vicinity of the hatch 9.
  • the special turn extends from one tympanum to the other, and also extends from one shovel to the other of the two shovels flanking the hatch 9.
  • 1 further comprises means for generating a flow of air inside the drum, able to entrain the finest particles and low density waste and / or having a strong hold in the wind, including plastic sheets or bags. Means for evacuating this air and what it carries with it, here a chimney 19, are also provided.
  • An airlock 21 is provided upstream of the drum 2 and around the screw 8, downstream of the hopper 10.
  • Another lock, not shown, is also provided downstream of the drum and around the screw 12.
  • the drum being rotated in the direction M provided for mixing, the waste is stirred by the shovels 13,14 as they are introduced and during their presence in the drum 2. Products are added during the brewing to accelerate the stabilization and disinfection of garbage.
  • the plastic bags in particular, are torn by the teeth 17 of the toothed shovels 14; the garbage they still contain is released and comes to mix with others. During mixing, the remains of plastic bags, generally lighter than the garbage itself, as well as the fine particles, are entrained in the air stream, and discharged through the stack 19 to be specifically treated.
  • the homogeneity of the final mixture is thus improved.
  • a device 1 according to the invention in particular as represented in FIG. 1, can be integrated in a system 30 for recycling household waste as illustrated schematically in FIG. 4.
  • the system 30 comprises a digester 31, a device 32 for gasification of the waste entrained by the air flow, that is to say in particular the pieces of plastic bags, and a power station 33 able to produce electricity from gases thus produced.
  • the garbage can then be brought by the worm 12, into the digester 31.
  • the digestion of this garbage can stabilize them. They can then be sorted further, manual, in conditions of improved comfort for operators.
  • Garbage extracted from the digester possibly after the additional sorting, form a soil 34 which can be immediately reused, especially in agriculture.
  • the plastic waste and the fine extracts of the drum 2 through the chimney 19, are directed to the gasification device 32 to be converted into a gas that can be used by the plant 33 to produce electricity.
  • This electricity can be used by the household waste treatment system 30 for its own operation.
  • the surplus electricity produced is advantageously supplied to third parties, individuals or businesses.
  • Other preferred, non-limiting embodiments may have dimensions that vary within a range of about 10% plus or minus the above values.
  • the mixing axis can be inclined towards the discharge drum, to facilitate the emptying of the drum.

Abstract

The invention relates to a household waste mixing device (1) comprising a drum (2) rotating about an axis (X2) in a mixing direction (M), said mixer comprising two drum plates (6, 7) and a belt (4) of cylindrical general shape around the mixing axis. The device according to the invention is noteworthy in that it also comprises mixing spades (13, 14) extending approximately parallel to the axis, inside the belt, at least one spade (14) comprising teeth capable of tearing bin liners. The bin liners may be sucked away through a chimney (19) for conversion into a gas for producing electricity. Such a device is used to extract value from waste and avoid the need to open bin liners before the drum is loaded.

Description

Dispositif et système de traitement des ordures ménagères Device and system for treating household waste
La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif et à un système de traitement et de valorisation des ordures ménagères. Elle se rapporte notamment à la valorisation des sacs poubelles.The present invention relates to a device and a system for treating and recovering household waste. It relates in particular to the valuation of garbage bags.
Il existe des procédés pour valoriser les ordures ménagères, notamment le tri puis la transformation des déchets organiques en compost. Cependant, les ordures ménagères sont généralement contenues dans des sacs poubelles, résistants et difficiles à ouvrir. Ainsi, il faut beaucoup de temps à des opérateurs pour ouvrir les sacs et libérer les ordures proprement dites puis, si nécessaire, en trier le contenu avant une transformation ultérieure.There are processes for recovering household waste, including sorting and then converting organic waste into compost. However, garbage is usually contained in garbage bags, resistant and difficult to open. Thus, it takes a lot of time for operators to open the bags and release the trash itself and, if necessary, sort the contents before a subsequent transformation.
Un premier objectif de l'invention est de proposer une solution pour faciliter les opérations de tri, notamment l'ouverture des sacs. Un deuxième objectif de l'invention est en outre de proposer un système pour améliorer la valorisation des ordures ménagères, notamment celle des sacs.A first objective of the invention is to propose a solution to facilitate the sorting operations, in particular the opening of the bags. A second objective of the invention is also to provide a system for improving the recovery of household waste, including that of bags.
Selon l'invention, un tel dispositif est un dispositif mélangeur pour ordures ménagères comprenant un tambour comprenant un volume intérieur défini par deux tympans en forme générale de disque disposés transversalement à l'axe de mélange, à distance l'un de l'autre selon ledit axe, et une ceinture de forme générale cylindrique reliant les bords desdits tympans, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des pelles de mélange faisant saillie sur une surface intérieure de la ceinture, au moins une desdites pelles comprenant, sur une crête distante de la ceinture, une denture de déchiquetage de sacs de déchets ménagers.According to the invention, such a device is a mixing device for household waste comprising a drum comprising an interior volume defined by two generally disk-shaped sponges arranged transversely to the mixing axis, at a distance from each other according to said axis, and a generally cylindrical belt connecting the edges of said eardrums, characterized in that it further comprises mixing shovels protruding on an inner surface of the belt, at least one of said shovels comprising, on a distant ridge of the belt, a shredding toothing of garbage bags.
De préférence, chaque pelle s'étend d'un tympan à l'autre. De préférence, chaque pelle est disposée sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe de mélange. Les pelles peuvent en outre être prévues pour faire radialement saillie sur la surface intérieure de la ceinture.Preferably, each shovel extends from one eardrum to the other. Preferably, each shovel is disposed substantially parallel to the mixing axis. The shovels may further be provided to radially project on the inner surface of the belt.
La denture s'étend avantageusement sur une majeure partie de la longueur de la pelle, à partir d'un tambour. La denture a de préférence une inclinaison transversale au tambour, selon une direction correspondant au sens de mélange. Ainsi, lors du mélange, elle vient se ficher dans les sacs qui se trouveraient sur son passage, pour les déchirer.The toothing advantageously extends over a major part of the length of the shovel, from a drum. The toothing preferably has a transverse inclination to the drum, in a direction corresponding to the mixing direction. Thus, during mixing, it comes to flee in the bags that would be in its path, to tear them.
Le dispositif peut comprendre un nombre pair de pelles, et une pelle équipée d'une denture être disposée alternativement entre deux pelles sans denture. Ainsi, une série de pelles est plus particulièrement affectée à l'ouverture des sacs. L'autre série de pelles, qui ne risque pas d'accrocher certains déchets, est plus particulièrement adaptée à en assurer le mélange. Les pelles équipées d'une denture ont de préférence chacune une hauteur sensiblement constante et sensiblement comprise entre 6 et 9 pour cent du diamètre intérieur du tambour. Les pelles sans denture ont de préférence chacune une hauteur sensiblement constante et sensiblement comprise entre 9 et 13 pour cent du diamètre intérieur du tambour.The device may comprise an even number of shovels, and a shovel equipped with a toothing be arranged alternately between two shovels without toothing. Thus, a series of shovels is more particularly affected to the opening of the bags. The other series of shovels, which is not likely to hang some waste, is particularly suitable for mixing. The shovels with teeth preferably each have a substantially constant height and substantially between 6 and 9 percent of the inner diameter of the drum. The shovels without teeth preferably each have a substantially constant height and substantially between 9 and 13 percent of the inner diameter of the drum.
La denture peut être réalisée en une plaque dont un bord libre comprend une découpe en forme de triangles successifs, fixée sur la crête de la pelle par un bord opposé au bord libre.The toothing may be made of a plate whose free edge comprises a cutout in the form of successive triangles, fixed on the peak of the shovel by an edge opposite the free edge.
Dans un tel dispositif, l'un des tympans peut être affecté à l'approvisionnement des ordures dans le tambour, au voisinage de l'axe, et une trappe prévue pour l'évacuation du mélange peut être aménagée dans le tympan opposé, au voisinage immédiat de la ceinture, ledit tambour comprenant en outre une spire s'étendant le long de la surface intérieure de la ceinture depuis une extrémité d'une première pelle, à proximité du tympan d'entrée, en s'éloignant du tympan d'entrée en direction du tympan de vidange tout en se rapprochant jusqu'à une pelle immédiatement voisine selon le sens de mélange. Le dispositif peut comprendre plusieurs spires, chacune entre deux pelles voisines, la trappe peut être disposée entre deux pelles, à proximité immédiate de la pelle voisine dans le sens de mélange et la spire correspondante peut s'étendre jusqu'au tympan de vidange, alors que la ou les autres spires rejoignent une pelle respective à distance dudit tympan de vidange. Une spire peut être formée d'une tôle fixée perpendiculairement sur la face intérieure de la ceinture, et présente une hauteur, de préférence constante, comprise entre 0,6 et 1 fois la hauteur d'une pelle. Le dispositif peut comprendre en outre des moyens d'aspiration pour des résidus non organiques et des fines.In such a device, one of the eardrums can be assigned to the supply of garbage in the drum, in the vicinity of the axis, and a hatch provided for the evacuation of the mixture can be arranged in the opposite tympanum, in the vicinity immediate area of the belt, said drum further comprising a coil extending along the inner surface of the belt from an end of a first shovel, near the entrance eardrum, away from the input eardrum in the direction of the tympanum drain while approaching a shovel immediately adjacent in the direction of mixing. The device may comprise several turns, each between two adjacent shovels, the hatch may be arranged between two shovels, in the immediate vicinity of the neighboring shovel in the mixing direction and the corresponding turn may extend to the emptying drum, then that or the other turns meet a respective shovel at a distance from said discharge drum. A turn may be formed of a sheet fixed perpendicularly to the inner face of the belt, and has a height, preferably constant, between 0.6 and 1 times the height of a shovel. The device may further comprise suction means for inorganic residues and fines.
Un système de valorisation des déchets ménagers selon l'invention est particulièrement remarquable en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif de mélange selon l'invention équipé de tels moyens d'aspiration, et en ce qu'il comprend en outre un dispositif pour gazéifier des déchets et des fines aspirés.A system for recovering household waste according to the invention is particularly remarkable in that it comprises a mixing device according to the invention equipped with such suction means, and in that it further comprises a device for gasifying waste and fine aspirates.
Un tel système comprend avantageusement un dispositif pour produire de l'électricité à partir des déchets et des fines gazéifiés.Such a system advantageously comprises a device for producing electricity from waste and gasified fines.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention ressortiront encore de la description ci-après, relative à des exemples non limitatifs illustrés sur les dessins annexés parmi lesquels :Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description below, relating to non-limiting examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
La figure 1 est une vue partiellement arrachée d'un dispositif selon l'invention ;Figure 1 is a partially cutaway view of a device according to the invention;
La figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'une pelle simple pour le dispositif de la figure 1 ;Figure 2 is a sectional view of a single shovel for the device of Figure 1;
La figure 3 est une vue partielle, en perspective et en coupe, d'une pelle dentée pour le dispositif de la figure 1 ; et,Figure 3 is a partial view, in perspective and in section, of a toothed shovel for the device of Figure 1; and,
La figure 4 est une vue schématique d'un système de traitement des ordures ménagères incluant un dispositif selon l'invention. Comme particulièrement illustré à la figure 1 , un dispositif 1 selon l'invention comprend un tambour de mélange 2. Le tambour est prévu pour recevoir des ordures à traiter, les homogénéiser et les mélanger avec des produits de traitement adaptés. Le tambour repose sur des rouleaux 3 qui servent à son support et à son entraînement en rotation, autour d'un axe de tambour X2. Le mélange se fait selon un sens de rotation choisi, illustré par une flèche M.Figure 4 is a schematic view of a household waste treatment system including a device according to the invention. As particularly illustrated in Figure 1, a device 1 according to the invention comprises a mixing drum 2. The drum is designed to receive garbage to be treated, homogenize and mix with suitable treatment products. The drum rests on rollers 3 which serve to support and rotate it around a drum axis X2. The mixture is made in a chosen direction of rotation, illustrated by an arrow M.
Dans l'exemple illustré, l'axe de tambour X2 est sensiblement horizontal. Le tambour 2 définit un espace intérieur prévu pour recevoir les ordures. Cet espace intérieur est défini par une ceinture sensiblement cylindrique 4 et deux tympans 6,7. La ceinture 4 est sensiblement de révolution autour de l'axe X2. Les tympans ont chacun sensiblement la forme générale d'un disque perpendiculaire à l'axe X2, lesdits deux tympans étant distants l'un de l'autre selon l'axe X2 et leurs bords périphériques étant reliés entre eux par la ceinture 4.In the example shown, the drum axis X2 is substantially horizontal. The drum 2 defines an interior space intended to receive the garbage. This interior space is defined by a substantially cylindrical belt 4 and two eardrums 6.7. The belt 4 is substantially of revolution about the axis X2. The eardrums each have substantially the general shape of a disc perpendicular to the axis X2, said two eardrums being spaced from each other along the axis X2 and their peripheral edges being interconnected by the belt 4.
Le dispositif de la figure 1 comprend en outre une trémie 10 prévue pour recevoir les ordures prévues pour être traitées dans le dispositif. Une vis d'approvisionnement 8 est disposée au fond de la trémie 10. Cette vis est du type vis sans fin ; elle est sensiblement coaxiale avec le tambour 2, c'est-à-dire que l'approvisionnement se fait au travers d'un tympan d'entrée 6 parmi les deux tympans 6,7 du tambour, sensiblement au centre du tympan d'entrée 6. Le dispositif comprend aussi une trappe 9 pour l'évacuation des ordures contenues dans le tambour. Cette trappe est formée dans l'autre tympan, dit tympan de vidange 7. Une trémie 11 et une vis sans fin 12 permettent de recueillir les ordures à la sortie de la trappe 9, puis de les transporter. Pour assurer le mélange à l'intérieur du tambour 2, celui-ci comprend des pelles 13,14 et des spires 15,16.The device of Figure 1 further comprises a hopper 10 provided to receive the waste intended to be processed in the device. A supply screw 8 is disposed at the bottom of the hopper 10. This screw is of the worm type; it is substantially coaxial with the drum 2, that is to say that the supply is made through an input tympanum 6 among the two drum sponges 6,7, substantially in the center of the input tympanum 6. The device also comprises a hatch 9 for evacuation of garbage contained in the drum. This trap is formed in the other tympanum, said discharge drum 7. A hopper 11 and a worm 12 collect garbage at the exit of the hatch 9, and then transport them. To ensure mixing inside the drum 2, it comprises shovels 13, 14 and 15,16 turns.
Chaque pelle s'étend d'un tympan à l'autre, sensiblement longitudinalement, c'est-à-dire sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe X2. Chaque pelle s'étend radialement depuis une surface intérieure de la ceinture, en direction de l'axe X4. Les pelles sont régulièrement réparties autour de l'axe X2. Dans l'exemple illustré, les pelles sont au nombre de huit. Les pelles sont en outre de deux catégories ; les pelles de l'une sont équipées de dents alors que les autres n'en comportent pas. Dans l'exemple illustré, il y a quatre pelles dentées 14 disposées alternativement entre deux pelles non dentées 13.Each shovel extends from one eardrum to the other, substantially longitudinally, that is to say substantially parallel to the axis X2. Each shovel extends radially from an inner surface of the belt, towards the axis X4. The shovels are regularly distributed around the X2 axis. In the example illustrated, the shovels are eight in number. The shovels are in addition of two categories; the shovels of one are equipped with teeth while others do not. In the illustrated example, there are four toothed shovels 14 arranged alternately between two toothless shovels 13.
Chaque pelle a une section transversale creuse, sensiblement symétrique de part et d'autre d'un plan P radial et longitudinal respectif (voir figure 3). La section va en se rétrécissant à mesure que l'on s'éloigne de la ceinture 2, d'abord lentement, puis plus rapidement par une pointe triangulaire formant une crête de la pelle. Les dents 17 sont formées dans une plaque 18 fixée sur un des côtés de la pointe, de sorte qu'elle est inclinée relativement au plan radial P respectif, dans le sens M de mélange. Les dents 17 sont formées dans un bord libre de la plaque 18, de façon à ce qu'elles dépassent au-delà de la crête de la pelle. Dans l'exemple illustré, les dents s'étendent sur toute la profondeur L17 de la plaque dépassant au- delà de la crête de la pelle. La plaque s'étend longitudinalement depuis le tympan d'entrée 6 sur une distance L18 supérieure à la moitié de la longueur L2 du tambour.Each shovel has a hollow cross section substantially symmetrical on both sides of a respective radial and longitudinal plane P (see FIG. 3). The section narrows as one moves away from the belt 2, first slowly, then more quickly by a triangular tip forming a crest of the shovel. The teeth 17 are formed in a plate 18 fixed on one of the sides of the tip, so that it is inclined relative to the respective radial plane P, in the mixing direction M. The teeth 17 are formed in a free edge of the plate 18, so that that they exceed beyond the crest of the shovel. In the illustrated example, the teeth extend over the entire depth L17 of the plate protruding beyond the crest of the shovel. The plate extends longitudinally from the input tympanum 6 over a distance L18 greater than half the length L2 of the drum.
Chaque spire 15,16 s'étend le long de la surface intérieure de la ceinture 2 depuis une extrémité d'une première pelle 13,14, à proximité du tympan d'entrée 6, en s'éloignant du tympan d'entrée en direction du tympan de vidange 7 tout en se rapprochant jusqu'à une pelle 14,13 immédiatement voisine selon le sens de mélange M. Une spire 15,16 est disposée entre chaque pelle et chacune de ses voisines immédiates.Each turn 15,16 extends along the inner surface of the belt 2 from one end of a first shovel 13,14, near the input eardrum 6, away from the entrance eardrum towards the drain drum 7 while approaching a shovel 14,13 immediately adjacent in the direction of mixing M. A turn 15,16 is disposed between each shovel and each of its immediate neighbors.
Des spires courantes 15 s'arrêtent à une distance L15 du tympan de vidange 7. Les spires courantes 15 forment avec un plan transversal, par exemple avec un tympan, un angle A15. De préférence, on choisit L2 - L15 < L18.Current turns 15 stop at a distance L15 from the discharge tympanum 7. The current turns 15 form with an transverse plane, for example with a tympanum, an angle A15. Preferably, L2 - L15 <L18 is selected.
Dans l'exemple illustré, la trappe 9 est disposée juste avant une pelle, ici une pelle dentée 14, en parcourant la ceinture selon le sens de mélange M. Une spire spéciale 16 est disposée entre la pelle qui précède cette pelle dentée et cette pelle dentée. Cette spire spéciale 16 s'étend sensiblement depuis la jonction de la pelle précédente 13 avec le tympan d'entrée 6, jusqu'à la jonction de la pelle dentée correspondante avec le tympan de vidange 7, à proximité immédiate de la trappe 9. Ainsi, la spire spéciale s'étend d'un tympan à l'autre, et s'étend aussi d'une pelle à l'autre des deux pelles encadrant la trappe 9. Le dispositif de la figure 1 comprend en outre des moyens pour générer un courant d'air à l'intérieur du tambour, apte à entraîner les particules les plus fines et les déchets de faible densité et/ou ayant une forte prise au vent, notamment les feuilles ou les sacs plastiques. Des moyens d'évacuation de cet air et de ce qu'il entraîne avec lui, ici une cheminée 19, sont aussi prévus.In the illustrated example, the hatch 9 is disposed just before a shovel, here a shovel 14, by traveling along the belt in the direction of mixing M. A special turn 16 is disposed between the shovel that precedes the shovel and this shovel toothed. This special turn 16 extends substantially from the junction of the previous shovel 13 with the input tympanum 6, until the junction of the corresponding toothed shovel with the emptying drum 7, in the immediate vicinity of the hatch 9. Thus , the special turn extends from one tympanum to the other, and also extends from one shovel to the other of the two shovels flanking the hatch 9. The device of FIG. 1 further comprises means for generating a flow of air inside the drum, able to entrain the finest particles and low density waste and / or having a strong hold in the wind, including plastic sheets or bags. Means for evacuating this air and what it carries with it, here a chimney 19, are also provided.
Un sas 21 est prévu en amont du tambour 2 et autour de la vis 8, en aval de la trémie 10. Un autre sas, non représenté, est aussi prévu en aval du tambour et autour de la vis 12. Ces sas permettent d'éviter qu'au chargement et/ou au déchargement une partie des ordures, les plus volatiles puissent s'échapper et se répandre en dehors du dispositif 1. On va maintenant décrire le fonctionnement du dispositif 1. Les ordures ménagères sont transportées jusqu'au dispositif 1 puis déversées dans la trémie 10. De là, les ordures sont entraînées par la vis sans fin 8 jusque dans le tambour 2 où elles pénètrent sensiblement au milieu du tympan d'entrée 6.An airlock 21 is provided upstream of the drum 2 and around the screw 8, downstream of the hopper 10. Another lock, not shown, is also provided downstream of the drum and around the screw 12. These airlocks make it possible to avoid that loading and / or unloading part of the garbage, the most volatile can escape and spread out of the device 1. We will now describe the operation of the device 1. The household waste is transported to the device 1 and then dumped in the hopper 10. From there, the garbage is driven by the worm 8 into the drum 2 where they penetrate substantially in the middle of the input eardrum 6.
Le tambour étant en rotation selon le sens M prévu pour le mélange, les déchets sont brassés par les pelles 13,14 à mesure où ils sont introduits et durant leur présence dans le tambour 2. Des produits sont ajoutés au cours du brassage pour accélérer la stabilisation et assurer la désinfection des ordures. Les sacs plastiques, notamment, sont déchirés par les dents 17 des pelles dentées 14 ; les ordures qu'ils contiennent encore sont libérées et viennent se mélanger aux autres. Au cours du mélange, les restes de sacs plastiques, généralement plus légers que les ordures en tant que telles, ainsi que les particules fines, sont entraînés dans le courant d'air, et évacués par la cheminée 19 pour être traités spécifiquement.The drum being rotated in the direction M provided for mixing, the waste is stirred by the shovels 13,14 as they are introduced and during their presence in the drum 2. Products are added during the brewing to accelerate the stabilization and disinfection of garbage. The plastic bags, in particular, are torn by the teeth 17 of the toothed shovels 14; the garbage they still contain is released and comes to mix with others. During mixing, the remains of plastic bags, generally lighter than the garbage itself, as well as the fine particles, are entrained in the air stream, and discharged through the stack 19 to be specifically treated.
Les spires 15,16, lorsque le tambour est en rotation selon le sens de mélange M, tendent à ramener les ordures vers le tympan d'entrée 6, ce qui a pour effet de les mélanger plus homogènement avec des ordures nouvellement rentrantes. L'homogénéité du mélange final en est ainsi améliorée.The turns 15, 16, when the drum is rotating in the direction of mixing M, tend to return the garbage to the input eardrum 6, which has the effect of mixing more homogeneously with newly re-entering garbage. The homogeneity of the final mixture is thus improved.
Lorsque le mélange est terminé, le tambour est ensuite mis en rotation selon le sens inverse de M. Dans ce sens de rotation inverse, les spires 15,16 tendent à ramener les ordures vers le tympan de vidange 7, c'est-à- dire notamment vers la trappe 9. En particulier, la spire 16 qui s'étend jusqu'au tympan de vidange 7, au voisinage immédiat de la trappe, permet de ramener les ordures jusque derrière la trappe 9, ce qui facilite leur évacuation. Pour faciliter le mélange, le tambour 2 est prévu tel que sa longueur L2 mesurée selon l'axe de mélange X2 est inférieure à son diamètre intérieur D2. Un dispositif 1 selon l'invention, notamment tel que représenté à la figure 1 peut être intégré dans un système 30 de valorisation des ordures ménagères tel qu'illustré schématiquement à la figure 4. Outre le dispositif 1 , illustré par le tambour 2, le système 30 comprend un digesteur 31 , un dispositif 32 de gazéification des déchets entraînés par le courant d'air, c'est-à-dire notamment les morceaux de sacs plastiques, et une centrale électrique 33 apte à produire de l'électricité à partir des gaz ainsi produits.When the mixing is complete, the drum is then rotated in the opposite direction of M. In this direction of reverse rotation, the turns 15, 16 tend to return the garbage to the emptying drum 7, that is to say say in particular to the hatch 9. In particular, the turn 16 which extends to the discharge drum 7, in the immediate vicinity of the hatch, allows to bring the garbage up behind the hatch 9, which facilitates their evacuation. To facilitate mixing, the drum 2 is provided such that its length L2 measured along the mixing axis X2 is smaller than its inside diameter D2. A device 1 according to the invention, in particular as represented in FIG. 1, can be integrated in a system 30 for recycling household waste as illustrated schematically in FIG. 4. In addition to the device 1, illustrated by the drum 2, the system 30 comprises a digester 31, a device 32 for gasification of the waste entrained by the air flow, that is to say in particular the pieces of plastic bags, and a power station 33 able to produce electricity from gases thus produced.
Au-delà du tambour 2, les ordures peuvent ensuite être amenées par la vis sans fin 12, jusque dans le digesteur 31. La digestion de ces ordures permet de les stabiliser. Elles peuvent alors faire l'objet d'un tri supplémentaire, manuel, dans des conditions de confort amélioré pour les opérateurs.Beyond the drum 2, the garbage can then be brought by the worm 12, into the digester 31. The digestion of this garbage can stabilize them. They can then be sorted further, manual, in conditions of improved comfort for operators.
Les ordures extraites du digesteur, éventuellement après le tri supplémentaire, forment un terreau 34 qui peut être immédiatement réutilisé, notamment dans l'agriculture.Garbage extracted from the digester, possibly after the additional sorting, form a soil 34 which can be immediately reused, especially in agriculture.
Par ailleurs, les déchets plastiques et les fines extraits du tambour 2 au travers de la cheminée 19, sont dirigés vers le dispositif de gazéification 32 pour y être transformés en un gaz utilisable par la centrale 33 pour produire de l'électricité. Cette électricité peut être utilisée par le système 30 de traitement des ordures ménagères pour son propre fonctionnement. L'excédent d'électricité produite est avantageusement fourni à des tiers, particuliers ou entreprises.Furthermore, the plastic waste and the fine extracts of the drum 2 through the chimney 19, are directed to the gasification device 32 to be converted into a gas that can be used by the plant 33 to produce electricity. This electricity can be used by the household waste treatment system 30 for its own operation. The surplus electricity produced is advantageously supplied to third parties, individuals or businesses.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré du tambour 2, ses dimensions sont environ : D2 = 4m50In a preferred embodiment of the drum 2, its dimensions are approximately: D2 = 4m50
L2 = 3m50 A15 = 49,7° 1-113 = 0,5m 1-114 = 0,3m L15 = 0,6mL2 = 3m50 A15 = 49.7 ° 1-113 = 0.5m 1-114 = 0.3m L15 = 0.6m
A17 = 45° L17 = 0,1 m L18 = 3m D'autres modes de réalisation préférés, non limitatifs, peuvent avoir des dimensions qui varient dans un intervalle d'environ 10% en plus ou en moins des valeurs ci-dessus.A17 = 45 ° L17 = 0.1 m L18 = 3m Other preferred, non-limiting embodiments may have dimensions that vary within a range of about 10% plus or minus the above values.
Bien sûr, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples qui viennent d'être décrits et de nombreux aménagements peuvent être apportés à ces exemples sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples that have just been described and many adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention.
Ainsi, l'axe de mélange peut être incliné en direction du tympan de vidange, afin de faciliter la vidange du tambour. Thus, the mixing axis can be inclined towards the discharge drum, to facilitate the emptying of the drum.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif mélangeur (1 ) pour ordures ménagères comprenant un tambour (2) mobile en rotation autour d'un axe (X2) de mélange et des moyens (3) pour entraîner ledit tambour en rotation selon un sens de mélange (M), ledit tambour comprenant un volume intérieur défini par deux tympans (6,7) en forme générale de disque disposés transversalement à l'axe de mélange, à distance (L2) l'un de l'autre selon ledit axe, et une ceinture (4) de forme générale cylindrique reliant les bords desdits tympans, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des pelles de mélange (13,14) faisant saillie sur une surface intérieure de la ceinture, au moins une desdites pelles (14) comprenant, sur une crête distante de la ceinture, une denture (17,18) de déchiquetage de sacs de déchets ménagers.1. Mixing device (1) for household waste comprising a drum (2) movable in rotation about a mixing axis (X2) and means (3) for driving said drum in rotation in a mixing direction (M), said drum comprising an interior volume defined by two generally disk-shaped sponges (6, 7) disposed transversely to the mixing axis, at a distance (L2) from each other along said axis, and a belt (4 ) of cylindrical general shape connecting the edges of said tympanums, characterized in that it further comprises mixing shovels (13,14) projecting on an inner surface of the belt, at least one of said shovels (14) comprising, on a ridge distant from the belt, a toothing (17,18) shredding garbage bags.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la denture s'étend sur une majeure partie (L17) de la longueur de la pelle (14), à partir d'un tambour (6).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the toothing extends over a major part (L17) of the length of the shovel (14), from a drum (6).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la denture a une inclinaison (A17) transversale au tambour, selon une direction correspondant au sens de mélange (M).3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the toothing has a slope (A17) transverse to the drum, in a direction corresponding to the mixing direction (M).
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en qu'il comprend un nombre pair de pelles, et en ce qu'une pelle (14) équipée d'une denture est disposée alternativement entre deux pelles (13) sans denture.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an even number of shovels, and in that a shovel (14) equipped with a toothing is arranged alternately between two shovels (13) without toothing.
5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les pelles équipées d'une denture ont chacune une hauteur (H14) sensiblement constante et sensiblement comprise entre 6 et 9 % du diamètre intérieur (D2) du tambour. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shovels equipped with toothing each have a height (H14) substantially constant and substantially between 6 and 9% of the inner diameter (D2) of the drum.
6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les pelles sans denture ont chacune une hauteur (H13) sensiblement constante et sensiblement comprise entre 9 et 13 pour cent du diamètre intérieur (D2) du tambour.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the excavators without toothing each have a height (H13) substantially constant and substantially between 9 and 13 percent of the inner diameter (D2) of the drum.
7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la denture est réalisée en une plaque (18) dont un bord libre comprend une découpe en forme de triangles successifs, fixée sur la crête de la pelle (14) par un bord opposé au bord libre.7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the toothing is made of a plate (18), a free edge comprises a cut in the form of successive triangles, fixed on the peak of the shovel (14) by a edge opposite the free edge.
8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un tympan (6) est affecté à l'approvisionnement des ordures dans le tambour, au voisinage de l'axe, et en ce qu'une trappe (9) pour l'évacuation du mélange est aménagée dans le tympan opposé (7), au voisinage immédiat de la ceinture (4), ledit tambour comprenant en outre une spire (15,16) s'étendant le long de la surface intérieure de la ceinture depuis une extrémité d'une première pelle, à proximité du tympan d'entrée (6), en s'éloignant du tympan d'entrée en direction du tympan de vidange tout en se rapprochant jusqu'à une pelle immédiatement voisine selon le sens de mélange (M).8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tympanum (6) is assigned to the supply of garbage in the drum, in the vicinity of the axis, and in that a hatch (9) for the evacuation of the mixture is arranged in the opposite tympanum (7), in the immediate vicinity of the belt (4), said drum further comprising a turn (15,16) extending along the inner surface of the belt from one end of a first shovel, near the input tympanum (6), away from the inlet tympanum towards the discharge tympanum while approaching to an immediately adjacent shovel in the direction of mixture (M).
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend plusieurs spires (15,16), chacune entre deux pelles voisines, en ce que la trappe est disposée entre deux pelles (13,14), à proximité immédiate de la pelle voisine (14) dans le sens de mélange et en ce que la spire correspondante (16) s'étend jusqu'au tympan de vidange (7), la ou les autres spire(s) (15) rejoignant une pelle respective à distance (L15) dudit tympan de vidange (7). 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises several turns (15,16), each between two adjacent shovels, in that the door is disposed between two shovels (13,14), in the immediate vicinity of the adjacent shovel (14) in the mixing direction and in that the corresponding turn (16) extends to the discharge drum (7), the other turn (s) (15) joining a respective shovel at a distance (L15) of said discharge tympanum (7).
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une spire est formée d'une tôle fixée perpendiculairement sur la face intérieure de la ceinture, et de hauteur comprise entre 0,6 et 1 fois la hauteur d'une pelle.10. Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a turn is formed of a sheet fixed perpendicularly to the inner face of the belt, and height between 0.6 and 1 times the height of a shovel. .
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens d'aspiration (19) pour des résidus non organiques et des fines.11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises suction means (19) for non-organic residues and fines.
12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque pelle s'étend sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe de mélange.12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each shovel extends substantially parallel to the mixing axis.
13. Système (30) de valorisation des déchets ménagers, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif (1 ) selon la revendication précédente, et en ce qu'il comprend en outre un dispositif (32) pour gazéifier des déchets et des fines aspirés.13. System (30) for the recovery of household waste, characterized in that it comprises a device (1) according to the preceding claim, and in that it further comprises a device (32) for gasifying waste and fines. aspirated.
14. Système selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un dispositif (33) pour produire de l'électricité à partir des déchets et des fines gazéifiés. 14. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it further comprises a device (33) for producing electricity from waste and gasified fines.
EP08843232A 2007-10-04 2008-10-02 Household waste processing device and system Active EP2205346B1 (en)

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CY20111100783T CY1114583T1 (en) 2007-10-04 2011-08-16 WASTE WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM AND SYSTEM

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FR0758069A FR2921850B1 (en) 2007-10-04 2007-10-04 DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR TREATING HOUSEHOLD GARBAGE
PCT/FR2008/051786 WO2009053585A2 (en) 2007-10-04 2008-10-02 Household waste processing device and system

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WO2009053585A2 (en) 2009-04-30
PT2205346E (en) 2011-08-23
WO2009053585A3 (en) 2009-06-18
FR2921850B1 (en) 2012-04-06
CY1114583T1 (en) 2016-10-05

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