OA19119A - Procédé et installation de traitement d'un mélange de déchets incluant une séparation et un compostage dudit mélange. - Google Patents

Abstract

L’invention concerne une installation et un procédé de traitement d’un mélange de déchets (2), ce dernier étant de tailles de formes et de consistances hétéroclites, le procédé de traitement étant considéré en ce qu’il comporte les étapes successives suivantes : - Etape E1 au cours de laquelle on sépare le mélange de déchets (2) en une première fraction de déchets (13) dont la taille est inférieure à environ 180 mm, de préférence inférieure à 140 mm, par l’intermédiaire d’une première série d’orifices de séparation (7,8) et une deuxième fraction résiduelle de déchets (14), ladite première série d’orifices de séparation (7,8) comprenant des orifices primaires (7) et des orifices secondaires (8) dont la taille est supérieure à la taille des orifices primaires (7) de sorte que le mélange de déchets (2) est d’abord mis en contact avec les orifices secondaires puis avec les orifices primaires (7). - Etape E2 au cours de laquelle on fait subir un processus de compostage à la première fraction de déchets (13) de manière à composter au moins en partie les déchets biodégradables qu’elle contient.

Description

PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR TREATING A MIXTURE OF WASTE INCLUDING SEPARATION AND COMPOSTING OF SAID MIXTURE

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to the field of waste treatment, in particular the treatment of household waste and waste from economic activities for their recycling, recovery, or reprocessing.

The invention relates more precisely to a process for treating a mixture of waste, the latter being of heterogeneous sizes, shapes and consistencies, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the waste mixture being formed by biodegradable waste, for example at least 10% of the mass, and a non-negligible portion of the mass of the mixture being formed by non-biodegradable recyclable waste, for example at least 10% of the mass.

The invention also relates to an installation for treating a mixture of waste, the latter being of heterogeneous sizes, shapes and consistencies, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the waste mixture being formed by biodegradable waste, for example at at least 10% of the mass, and a non-negligible portion of the mass of the mixture being formed by non-biodegradable recyclable waste, for example at least 10% of the mass.

PRIOR ART

Traditionally, the recycling of waste industrially requires a preliminary sorting of the latter, in order to be able to separate said waste by types and allow the recycling of the latter in separate and specialized recycling channels. These channels are for example specialized in the recycling of metals, glass, paper and cardboard, in the composting of biodegradable waste, or in the manufacture of solid recovered fuel. Complex waste, and your other waste which does not meet your criteria allowing them to be treated in your aforementioned channels is generally incinerated or buried, which is particularly harmful for the environment, and likely to pollute the air and the grounds .

It is known to ask the households generating your household waste to sort or at least pre-sort, by themselves, their household waste. It is therefore necessary to organize a selective collection of waste intended for composting, recycling, and other apparently irrecoverable waste, and therefore intended for incineration or 'landfill. However, despite the progressive awareness of households with regard to TN and its beneficial consequences for the environment, such sorting or pre-TN cannot, most of the time, be considered reliable. Indeed, the 10 households or your communities may be unable to sort your waste properly, which in particular requires suitable infrastructure (several waste collection bins, the organization of selective collection), sometimes costly, bulky, and generating additional traffic. In addition, households may not be able to sort properly, for example by ignorance of the precise nature of the waste and the possible possibilities of recycling it, or even by an unwillingness to sort.

A significant amount of waste is thus generally buried or incinerated when it could be subject to composting, recycling, or transformation into solid recovery fuel. For example, in practice, a maximum of 20% of the mass of household waste is generally recycled. In addition, it is generally necessary to re-sort your pre-sorted waste by households before being able to carry out recycling, many sorting errors having contributed to the pollution of this mixture of pre-sorted waste by waste which cannot not, to date be treated otherwise than by burial or Incineration 25 This additional sorting operation represents an additional cost and a significant loss of time.

STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

The objects assigned to the present invention therefore aim to remedy the various drawbacks listed above and to propose a new process and a new installation for treating a mixture of waste making it possible to recover a very large portion of the mixture of waste.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new process and a new installation for processing a mixture of wastes making it possible to selectively recover one or more portions of the mixture of wastes despite the heterogeneity of said mixture of wastes.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new process and a new installation for treating a mixture of multipurpose and universal waste, making it possible to treat any type of waste.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new process and a new installation for treating a mixture of waste enabling the generation of products whose value is much greater than the initial value of the mixture of waste.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new process and a new installation for processing a mixture of waste being inexpensive and easy to implement.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new, process and new installation for treating a mixture of waste, making it possible to reduce the amount of infrastructure for collecting and treating community waste.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new process and a new installation for processing a mixture of waste which simplifies the organization of waste collection by communities, businesses and your households.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new process and a new installation for treating a mixture of waste allowing treatment of the mixture of waste in a majority, or even completely automated manner.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new process and a new installation for treating a mixture of waste enabling sorting of a mixture of waste on an industrial scale.

The objects assigned to the invention are achieved using a process for treating a mixture of waste, the latter being of heterogeneous sizes, shapes and consistencies, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the waste mixture being formed by biodegradable waste, for example at least 10% by mass, and a non-negligible portion of the mass of the mixture being formed by non-biodegradable recyclable waste, for example at least 10% by mass, the treatment process being characterized in that it comprises the following successive stages:

Step E1 during which the waste mixture is separated into a first fraction of waste the size of which is less than approximately 180 mm, preferably less than 140 mm, by means of a first series of separation orifices and a second residual fraction of waste, said first series of separation orifices comprising primary orifices and secondary orifices the size of which is greater than the size of the primary orifices so that the mixture of waste is first brought into contact with the secondary orifices then with the primary orifices,

Stage E2 during which the first fraction of waste is subjected to a composting process so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste it contains.

The objects assigned to the invention are also achieved by means of an installation for treating a mixture of waste, the latter being of sizes, shapes and heterogeneous consistencies, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the mixture of waste being formed by biodegradable waste, for example at least 10% by mass, and a non-negligible portion of the mass of the mixture being formed by non-biodegradable recyclable waste, for example at least 10% by mass, the installation of treatment being characterized in that it comprises:

a sorting machine, making it possible to separate the mixture of waste into a first fraction of waste whose size is less than about 180 mm, preferably less than 140 mm by means of a first series of separation orifices, said first series of separation orifices comprising primary orifices and secondary orifices the size of which is greater than the size of the primary orifices so that the waste mixture is first brought into contact with the secondary orifices then with the primary orifices, and a second residual fraction of waste,

- a composting facility allowing the first fraction of waste to undergo a composting process so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste it contains.

SUMMARY OF DRAWINGS

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear and become more apparent on reading the description given below, with reference to the appended drawings, given solely by way of illustrative and nonlimiting example, in which:

FIG. 1 represents, using a directed graph, a process for treating a mixture of waste according to the invention, detailing the order of the steps of said process, in particular of the steps E1 of separation and E2 composting.

FIG. 2 illustrates in greater detail, using a directed graph, the sequence of the step E2 of composting the process of FIG. 1.

- Figure 3 shows in more detail, using an oriented graph, the sequence of a step C of step E2 of Figure 2.

Î0 - Figure 4 shows, in a schematic perspective view, a longitudinal section of a sorting machine that can be used to implement the processing method of Figure 1, in particular step E1, Figure 4 leaving in particular, the interior of a first and a second trommel section of said sorting machine will appear, comprising respectively a first partition wall and a second partition wall.

FIG. 5 represents, in a schematic front view, a detail of the embodiment of the first partition wall of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 illustrates, in a schematic front view, a detail of the embodiment of the second partition wall of FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 illustrates, along a side view, a longitudinal section of a separation means including a ballistic belt separator which can be used in the treatment process of FIG. 1, in particular during step E2.

FIG. 8 represents, in a perspective view, the separation means of FIG. 7.

- Figure 9 illustrates, in a perspective view, a longitudinal section of a drying / composting rack that can be used in the treatment process of Figure 1, in particular during step E2.

BEST WAY TO IMPLEMENT THE INVENTION

The invention relates as such to a process for treating a mixture of waste 2, aiming to refine, recover and / or recycle all or part of the waste thereof, and in particular biodegradable waste, recyclable waste, and combustible waste it contains.

The waste mixture 2 is preferably formed by household waste, but can also be formed by waste from economic or industrial activities, or both, said waste having not undergone any sorting or prior grinding.

This mixture of waste 2 is thus advantageously formed of waste generated by households, during consumption and in the daily life of the latter.

Preferably, the waste mixture 2 has not undergone any treatment and forms a raw waste mixture 2. In particular, no grinding of the raw waste mixture has been carried out, nor any prior sorting intended to effect segregation of one type of waste with respect to another, and in particular to effect a separation of biodegradable waste and recyclable waste not biodegradable. Preferably, the waste mixture 2 has been collected, for example using garbage trucks, from households and / or economic activities without said households and / or said economic activities having previously sorted or selected the waste collected. In particular, the collection of the waste mixture 2 was not selective. Thus, according to a particularly advantageous variant of the invention, the method of the invention is a method of treating a mixture of raw unmilled waste.

,.

Of course, without departing from the scope of the invention, the waste mixture 2 may on the contrary have been stripped of a portion of the recyclable waste it contains, for example by households during a pre-sorting , or have been the subject of a pre-sorting, for example by households.

The waste of the waste mixture 2 is advantageously collected in a raw and undifferentiated manner, mixed in bags, like plastic trash bags closed by your households. Advantageously, prior to step E1 (described below), the method comprises a step E7 of opening bags 24, of the kind of plastic trash bags, in which bags 24 is contained te mixture of waste 2, in order to release said mixture of waste 2 from said bags 24 to carry out step E1. This step of opening the bags is automated so that no manual processing is involved.

The waste mixture 2 thus released from the bags 24 is preferably grouped together to form the waste mixture 2 used in the treatment process. The opening of bags 24 of waste can be carried out for example using a bag opening device, to allow the release of waste from said bags 24, preferably without damaging or altering said waste.

In particular due to the absence of pre-sorting before the entry of the waste mixture 2 into the treatment process of the invention, the waste is of heterogeneous sizes, shapes and consistencies, preferably of nature and origin varied. The waste mixture 2 thus considered may in particular include both soft, hard, sharp, liquid, powdery, solid, flat, hollow, solid, sticky, slippery, fatty, brittle, flexible, compressible, incompressible, combustible, non-combustible waste. or combining several of these characteristics. Waste mixture 2 mainly contains used and undesirable elements, e.g. food waste, newspapers, paper, cardboard, glass, plastic, metal, textiles, various fuels and noncombustibles, complex materials , household hazardous waste, inert waste, bulky items.

According to the invention, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the waste mixture 2 is formed by biodegradable waste, for example at least 10% of the mass, and a non-negligible portion of the mass of the mixture is formed by recyclable waste 26 not biodegradable, for example at least 10% of the mass.

Advantageously, at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, of the mass of the waste mixture 2 is formed by biodegradable waste, and at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, of the mass of the mixture is formed by non-biodegradable recyclable waste 26.

For the purposes of the invention, the term “biodegradable waste” means waste which, under the action of a natural environment, comprising for example living organisms and / or air and / or water, can naturally and spontaneously decompose into various elements liable to damage the natural environment! (high oxygen demand, emission of leachate) if they have not been stabilized, for example by composting. Living organisms can in particular be formed by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi or algae, which are capable of degrading your biodegradable waste using biochemical reactions. The term “biodegradable waste” is preferably understood to mean waste which can be degraded in this way over the time scale of a human life, of a decade, or more preferably of a year or a few months, preferably of a few weeks. The term “biodegradable waste” is preferably understood to mean waste capable of being used in the manufacture and formation of compost by composting the latter.

"Non-biodegradable" waste, within the meaning of the invention, forms your other waste, which does not spontaneously and naturally undergo such degradation, or which undergoes it too tentatively. “Non-biodegradable” waste is in particular unsuitable for entering compost formation by composting it.

A “recyclable” waste, within the meaning of the invention, forms a waste which can be easily transformed, for example chemically or mechanically, to form a recycled material similar to a raw material, which can, for example, go into the manufacture of an object. . The term "recyclable waste" preferably excludes biodegradable waste, even if their transformation into compost gives them in practice a recyclable character. Within the meaning of the invention, recyclable waste may include, for example:

- non-metallic waste, in particular polymers, glass, paper, cardboard, newspapers, rubble, wood, textiles, electronics, etc.

- metallic waste, formed by all types of metals.

For the purposes of the invention, the term "non-recyclable waste" refers to any waste that does not fall into your categories described above of "recyclable waste" and 10 "biodegradable waste". In particular, your non-recycling waste includes in particular waste with a calorific value which makes you liable to be transformed into solid recovery fuels, and other unusable final waste (complex waste, etc.) intended for landfill or incineration.

Advantageously, the process is an industrial process in which your steps are carried out in a chain and in parallel with each other. For example, while waste undergoes a given stage, other waste simultaneously undergoes another stage.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the treatment method of the invention comprises a step E1 during which the waste mixture 2 is separated into a first waste fraction 13 whose size is less than about 180 mm , preferably less than 140 mm, and a second residual fraction of waste 14.

The term “size” is understood generally to mean a dimension of the space of the waste according to its greatest length, or a characteristic dimension. The term “size” of a waste is understood to mean a geometrical dimension characteristic of the individual waste, which allows it for example to pass through a mesh of corresponding size if the size of the waste is less than the size of the mesh, or on the contrary not to pass if the size of said waste is greater than the size of said mesh.

The term "second residual portion of waste" means the remaining portion of waste, which did not correspond to the separation characteristics of the first portion of waste 13, in this case the size criterion. However, nothing prevents that, within the meaning of the invention, that waste which could have satisfied the criterion of separation, in this case of size, of the first portion of waste 13 can also exist in the second residual portion of waste 14. For example, the second residual portion of waste 14 may contain waste whose size is less than 50 mm.

In this way, the first fraction of waste 13 is advantageously formed by waste having on average a higher density than the waste of the second residual fraction of waste 14, insofar as, in practice, your waste of density higher are preferably less than 180 mm in size.

Step E1 is advantageously carried out using a sorting machine 1 described below, an exemplary embodiment of which is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

According to the invention, step E1 of the process thus includes a separation of the waste whose size is sufficiently small, whose density is the highest, whose dynamic inertia is the greatest, the most sticky, fatty waste. , dirty and wet from the waste mixture 2 to form the first fraction of waste. The latter is thus advantageously formed from at least a majority of waste having such properties. Preferably, in this case, the first fraction of waste 13 thus mainly concentrates organic and / or biodegradable waste, which most of the time has the above-mentioned properties. Thus, preferably, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the first waste fraction 13 is formed by biodegradable waste, for example at least 50% of the mass of the first waste fraction 13, or even at least 60%, or even preferably at least 80%. Also, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the second residual fraction of waste 14 is advantageously formed in turn by non-biodegradable recycling waste, which may possibly be separated and recovered later. Preferably, the second residual fraction of waste 14, at the end of step E1, contains a negligible proportion of biodegradable waste.

5. Preferably, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the second residual fraction of waste 14 is formed by recyclable waste, for example at least 50% of the mass of the second residual fraction of waste 14, or even at least 60% , or even preferably at least 80%. Also, a non-negligible, but as small as possible, portion of the mass of the first fraction of waste 13 is advantageously formed by biodegradable waste, which can be separated and recovered later in a simplified manner. Preferably, less than 40% of the mass of the second residual fraction of waste 14 is formed at this stage of biodegradable waste, preferably less than 25%, or even less than 10%.

At the end of this first separation thus carried out during step E1, the first fraction of waste 13 and the second residual fraction of waste 14 can be more easily treated in the following stages of the process, in particular insofar as the waste of the second residual fraction of waste 14 are, at this stage, cleaned of most organic and / or biodegradable waste, sticky, dirty and foul-smelling.

Preferably, the waste from the first fraction of waste 13 has a size of less than about 110 mm, and is separated using a sorting machine 1 including, for example, a rotary trommel, as described below.

Advantageously, the method comprises, at the end of step E1 or simultaneously with the latter, a step E4 of separation of the second residual fraction of waste 14 into a sub-fraction of large waste and a sub-fraction of small waste 15, the sub-fraction of large waste being formed by waste whose size is greater than the sub-fraction of small waste 15. The sub-fraction of large waste is preferably formed by waste whose size is greater than about 330 mm, the small waste sub-fraction 15 being formed by waste whose size is less than about 330 mm. Step E4 can be carried out for example using a sorting machine 1 described below, with a rotary trommel.

The waste fractions and sub-fractions 13, 15, 18 recovered separately can thus be treated independently, despite the very great heterogeneity of the waste mixture 2 initia !.

Advantageously:

the first waste fraction 13 represents between 35 and 60% of the mass of the initial waste mixture 2, preferably around 42%,

the small waste sub-fraction 15 represents between 20 and 40% of the mass of the initial waste mixture 2, preferably around 28%,

- The sub-fraction of large waste 16 represents between 20 and 40% of the mass of the initial waste mixture 2, preferably about 30%.

The treatment method preferably comprises a step E5 of manual sorting of the sub-fraction of large waste 16, making it possible to separate on the one hand the recyclable waste 26 which it contains, and on the other hand the non-recyclable waste 27 which it contains. Manual sorting is advantageously made possible at this stage, insofar as the waste is of a sufficiently large size, devoid of small waste and most of the fines. In addition, the waste is advantageously devoid of most of the sticky and foul-smelling material formed by the biodegradable material, which makes manual sorting possible. Manual sorting makes it possible in particular to separate from the sub-fraction of large waste 16 metal waste 26A, plastic waste, large electronic waste, cardboard packaging, etc.

The waste recognized as being recyclable waste during manual sorting will advantageously be sent to a recycling step W, as described below. Residual waste that is not separated for recycling will advantageously be sent to a stage X of manufacturing solid recovery fuel, whether it is effectively recyclable or non-recyclable.

Preferably, the treatment method comprises a step E6 of automatic sorting of the small waste sub-fraction 15, making it possible to separate on the one hand the recyclable waste 26 which it contains, and on the other hand the non-recyclable waste 27 it contains. The small waste sub-fraction 15 is preferably suitable for automatic sorting, your small waste 15 being lighter so that it can, for example, be handled by sorting devices.

Step E6 preferably includes a first sub-step E61 for separating metallic waste 26A contained in the small waste sub-fraction 15, for example using an electromagnetic separator and / or a current separator of Foucault, so as to separate at least the majority of the metallic waste 26A contained in said sub-fraction of small waste 15, the metallic waste 26A forming at least the majority of recyclable waste 26. The metallic waste 26A can thus advantageously be extracted from the small waste sub-fraction 15, insofar as said small waste sub-fraction 15 is preferably substantially devoid of sticky biodegradable waste.

Preferably, step E6 comprises a second substep E62, for separating the small waste sub-fraction 15 into a substantially flat waste stream and a substantially voluminous waste stream. In this way, your two waste streams can be sent to sorting machines adapted to the morphology of the waste they contain

"Substantially flat waste" is understood to mean that your waste extends predominantly on the surface, such as newspapers, papers and various plastic plates. The term “substantially flat waste” advantageously also includes volume waste which is sufficiently soft, or of mechanical strength sufficiently low to be able to be flattened or compacted easily, for example certain cardboard boxes.

The term “substantially voluminous waste” means waste which extends in three dimensions of space, which can be hollow, and which is more resistant than your substantially flat waste to compaction, which is more rigid, or more solid. By way of example, your substantially voluminous waste may include plastic or glass bottles, plastic boxes, flasks and various containers.

This sub-step E62 is preferably carried out using a ballistic belt separator (not shown). The ballistic carpet preferably has an inclination relative to the horizontal so as to form a slope, the tread being designed to provide a forward movement in the direction of the ascent of the slope. Advantageously, the substantially voluminous waste is intended to roll and rebound on the ballistic belt by gravity so as to descend the slope towards a low recovery means of the bin or conveyor type, optionally incorporating a glass trap. The substantially flat waste is in turn preferably driven up the slope by the movement of the conveyor in advance, towards a high recovery means, for example another conveyor, so that your substantially flat waste and your substantially voluminous waste are separated.

Fine particles likely to be contained in the sub-fraction of small waste 15 advantageously adhere to the ballistic carpet (the latter can possibly be moistened to amplify this effect), and can advantageously be scraped and recovered using, for example, a tungsten strip scraper mounted on said mat. The tread of the ballistic carpet can advantageously have elasticity properties such as to allow the rebound of substantially voluminous waste.

The ballistic carpet is preferably combined with an accelerator belt mounted upstream, making it possible to accelerate the sub-fraction of small waste 15 so that the latter reach the ballistic carpet of the ballistic carpet separator with a predetermined speed.

Preferably, step ES comprises a third substep E63 of robotic sorting on the one hand of the substantially flat waste stream and on the other hand of the substantially voluminous waste stream, in order to separate from each of said streams recycling waste 26 and non-recyclable waste, the third sub-step E63 being carried out at the end of the second sub-step E62. Advantageously, separate sorting robots will be chosen which are suitable respectively for sorting, on the one hand, substantially flat waste and, on the other hand, substantially volume waste. Sorting robots are preferably designed to separate recyclable waste from substantially flat waste and substantially voluminous waste by recognition of the latter, in particular by recognition of optical signature, allowing in particular the sorting robot to detect the material of the waste to be sort. The recyclable waste recognized by the sorting robots will advantageously be sent to a recycling stage W. Unrecognized waste, preferably including a small proportion of recyclable waste and a majority of non-recyclable waste, will advantageously be sent to a stage X of manufacturing solid recovery fuel.

After sorting by the sorting robots, before the recycling step W, the recyclable waste may advantageously be the subject of a step T of the treatment process, during which non-ferrous metallic waste is separated from the recyclable waste, for example using an eddy current separator. At this stage of the process, your non-ferrous metallic waste is for example formed by aluminum waste, or even flexible food packaging containing an aluminum foil.

Advantageously, the separate flows of substantially voluminous waste and substantially flat waste are conveyed using a set of belt conveyors to the sorting robots, the set of belt conveyors being designed to spread and distribute your waste. so that substantially no waste is superimposed on another when said waste arrives at the sorting robots. The efficiency of sorting by robots is thus advantageously improved.

The sub-steps E61, E62 and E63 are preferably carried out successively in this order.

The treatment method of the invention also comprises a step E2, carried out successively in step E1, during which the first fraction of waste 13 is subjected to a composting process so as to at least partially compost the waste biodegradable it contains.

Step E2 thus preferably aims to recover the first fraction of waste 13, and in particular to convert the biodegradable waste that it contains into a mixture of refined waste 28, so that, preferably, the mixture of refined waste 28 form of compost satisfying standard NF U 44-051. Standard

NF U 44-051 of 2006, called "Organic Amendments - Names, Specifications and Marking", is a French standard.

The composting process in step E2 advantageously includes your following successive steps:

Step A: the first fraction of waste 13 is subjected to a first composting cycle so as to at least partially compost your biodegradable waste from said first waste fraction 13, and to obtain a mixture of pre-composted waste 2,

Step B: the mixture of pre-composted waste 2 is dried to obtain a mixture of dried waste 2,

Step C: the mixture of dried waste 2 is separated into at least a portion of heavy waste 25 and a portion of light waste 13C, the portion of heavy waste 25 being formed by waste of higher density than your waste of the portion of light waste 13C,

Step D. the portion of light waste 13C is subjected to a second composting cycle so as to at least partly compost your biodegradable waste which it contains, and to obtain a mixture of refined waste 28, in particular compost.

The step E2 advantageously includes treating the first fraction of waste 13 by two successive composting cycles separated by a drying step of the first fraction of waste 13 at the end of _U first composting cycle to facilitate separation and easier refining of the first waste fraction 13. Thus, even if the first waste fraction 13 is particularly heterogeneous and has many undesirable elements which cannot be treated by composting, it is possible to refine the latter using from step E2 to obtain refined waste 28 whose value is greater than that of the initial waste mixture.

For the purposes of the invention, the term “composting” means a biological process for the conversion and recovery of organic waste, and in particular biodegradable waste contained in the first fraction of waste 13, by promoting and / or accelerating the natural process of biodegradation. The composting cycles of step I E2 preferably make it possible to convert at least a portion of the first fraction of waste 13 into a stabilized, hygienic product, rich in humic compounds, preferably in compost. “Composting” is understood to mean traditional or industrial composting, using in particular an action of microorganisms to degrade and putrefy waste from the first fraction of waste 13, these microorganisms being naturally present in the first fraction of waste 13 and / or added to the first fraction of waste 13, and / or caused to multiply in the first fraction of waste 13. The present composting implements in particular an aeration of the first fraction of waste 13, and / or regulation of the humidity of the first fraction of waste 13 (for example by adding water to the first fraction of waste 13 and / or by reintroduction into the first fraction of waste 13 of composting juice 11 emitted by the latter ), and / or an addition of microorganisms to the first fraction of waste 13 or an addition of structuring agents 17C to stimulate the composting process, and / or an addition of light, for example solai re.

Preferably, step A corresponds to, or comprises, a phase of degradation of waste, in particular biodegradable, while step C corresponds to, or comprises, a phase of maturation of waste, in particular biodegradable, to obtain the mixture of waste refined 28, the latter advantageously forming compost The degradation phase advantageously results in a proliferation of microorganisms in the first fraction of waste 13, while the maturation phase preferentially results in the progressive decrease in the amount of micro- organisms that have proliferated during the degradation phase, and the conservation of microorganisms that are beneficial to your being. The phases of degradation and maturation can overlap or even be confused.

During step A, the first composting cycle advantageously allows composting of the biodegradable portion of the first fraction of waste 13, while, of course, your non-biodegradable waste remains substantially unaltered, and in particular serves as structuring agents 17C to the composting process, your structuring waste 17C being dedicated in particular to improving the circulation of air within the first fraction of waste 13 during composting, to allow aerobic composting to be improved.

The first composting cycle of step A, like the second composting cycle of step D, is advantageously carried out aerobically. For this, the first fraction of waste 13 to be composted is preferably aerated, in particular by means of a circulation of an air flow passing through the first fraction of waste 13 to be composted, or by riddling of the first fraction of waste 13 .

A light source 5C is preferably brought to the first fraction of waste 13 to improve its composting, for example a natural light source 50, and / or an artificial light source 5C.

Advantageously, during step A and / or step D and / or step B, the waste concerned being arranged in a heap which is returned several times, for example using 'A suitable 1C loader, to help aerate the waste (as illustrated for example in Figure 9). Preferably, during step A, the first fraction of waste 13 is placed in at least one first composting bay 3C, for example in a heap. Preferably also, during step D, your waste from the portion of light waste 13C is disposed in at least a second composting bay 3C.

Preferably, during step A, and / or during step D, the waste concerned is humidified using sources of humidity 6C, the sources of humidity 60 being for example formed by watering devices or watering booms with which the first and / or second compost bays are fitted, the heaps being intended to be watered by your watering devices, said watering devices being for example arranged above said heaps .

This advantageously operates a regulation of the humidity of the composting mixture during the composting cycles.

Step E2 advantageously includes a step Y during which we recover composting juices 11 seeping from the waste mixture to supply the sources of humidity 60.

Preferably step Y can also include a collection of rainwater to supply 6C humidity sources. which in particular makes it possible to reduce the possible consumption of running water, in particular drinking water, from step E2.

Preferably, before step A, and in particular after step E1, the first fraction of waste 13 contains a majority proportion of wet and / or sticky waste, formed in particular by biodegradable waste, or at least suitable for ' composting. Their sticky and / or wet nature advantageously facilitates their separation from the second residual fraction of waste by the sorting machine.

Preferably, prior to step A, step E2 comprises a step Z during which metallic waste 26A contained in the first fraction of waste 13 is separated, for example using an electromagnetic separator and / or an eddy current separator, so as to separate at least the majority of said metallic waste 26A contained in the waste mixture 2. The first fraction of waste 13 intended for the first composting cycle is thus devoid of the major part metallic waste 26A which it contained, and in particular those whose size and / or mass is large, so that the composting process of the first composting cycle is favored and accelerated. The metallic waste 26A thus separated in step Z can advantageously be the subject of step W of recycling.

Preferably, step B, carried out after step A for the first fraction of waste 13 considered, makes it possible to remove all or part of the moisture 6C from the mixture of waste 2 pre-composted during said step A. Tel as illustrated in FIG. 9, to do this, the mixture of pre-composted waste 2, for example arranged in a heap in at least one, if not more, drying bays, and subjected to drying. Step B preferably comprises a sub-step B1 of circulating a flow of air drying Asech through said mixture of pre-composted waste 2 to dry the latter, the flow of air drying A _dry passing through this effect preferably the pile of garbage from side to side. Asech drying air is advantageously formed by a stream of dry air and heated to a temperature between 40 ° C and 90 ° C, preferably 70 ° C, and which is likely to entrain, during its passage through the mixture of precomposted waste 2, the humidity 6C contained in the latter. Preferably, the circulation of the drying air flow Α ^ takes place vertically, preferably from top to bottom, if not from bottom to top. Thus, it advantageously generates an air suction 8C drying under the pile of pre-composted waste.

Preferably, to carry out step B, the mixture of precomposted waste 2 is placed in a heap in drying bays, for example in the same soil from the latter. To contribute to the drying of said mixture of precomposted waste 2, step E2 includes turning the heap one or more times.

Preferably, and with the aim of saving natural resources, at least a portion of the moisture 6C contained in the mixture of waste 2 pre-composted is recovered in step B, and your sources of energy are supplied. humidity 6C with the portion of moisture 60 thus recovered.

Preferably, the moisture 60 of the mixture of pre-composted waste 2 is thus removed from the latter during step B to be then reintroduced into the portion of light waste 13C of step D, so that this moisture n is not wasted, and is reused, at least in part.

In particular, all or part of the composting juices 110 emanating from the mixture of pre-composted waste 2 is recovered during drying, for example by drainage of the latter using a drainage means 90 from the drying rack. 2C. These composting juices 110 are advantageously stored, and transported to be reintroduced later in the implementation of first and second composting cycles. The composting juices 11C comprising in particular water, microorganisms and other elements useful for the smooth running of composting, their reintroduction by means of humidity sources 60 into a mixture of waste 2 to be composted allows a improved composting of the latter while reducing the need to bring water, your microorganisms and other useful elements from outside for the proper diversion of composting.

Advantageously, the drying air is put into circulation at least using an air blower 7C carried out above the mixture of pre-composted waste 2, so that the air drying A _seC h drains the humidity 60 of the mixture of precomposted waste 2, the step of recovering the moisture portion being carried out at least in part by condensation of the humidity 6C coming from the mixture of precomposted waste 2 and drained by the air flow drying A _sech .

In this case, each drying bay 2C also preferably comprises means for circulating air drying Asech through the mixture of waste 2 pre-composted to dry it, the means for circulating including at least :

air blowing means 70 above the mixture of pre-composted waste 2, air suction means 80 drying below the mixture of pre-composted waste 2.

In addition, each drying bay 2C advantageously comprises a recuperator 10C of a portion of the moisture 60 contained in the mixture of waste 2 pre-composted during the drying of the latter, you recuperator 10C of moisture making it possible to feed your sources of humidity 60 with the humidity 6C recovered during the drying of said pre-composted waste.

Preferably, the air flow is dried A _dry having circulated through the mixture of pre-composted waste 2 in order to discharge you substantially from any composting emission, in particular odorous, using, for example, a filtering, or biochemical treatment. For this purpose, the drying bay or bays preferably comprise means for treating the drying air A _sech having circulated through the mixture of pre-composted waste 2 in order to discharge you substantially from any composting emission, in particular odorous . In general, your air and possible pollutant emissions linked to the implementation of step E2 are advantageously treated in this way, which allows step E2 to be substantially non-polluting and not to generate smells.

In an advantageous manner, at Tissue of step B and present at step C, fedite etepe E2 comprises a step E during which a portion of waste whose size is greater than about 30 mm, known as structuring waste, is separated from the mixture of waste 17C, whether or not biodegradable waste '™ ^P ° ^{S nOn} ' θ '° ⁿ θ' ⁸ * ® ' ^{has concentrated} ' structuring waste 17C of other heads undergoing stage A by adding the portion of waste structuring 17C thus s paree of the mixed waste 2 dried, so as in particular to structure and seed the first composting cycle. The separation of the structuring waste 17C is advantageously carried out using a rotary trommel whose ma, allows you the segregation of objects whose size is greater than approximately 30mm and objects whose tariff is less than approximately 30mm. The structuring waste 17C of the mixture of dried waste 2 is thus advantageously reused in order to improve a first current or subsequent composting cycle of other waste. In this way U n is little or no need to add, for the first composting cycle, suctants 17C coming from an external source. Advantageously, a more or less large portron of the structuring waste 17C recovered in waste undergoing stage A is reintroduced so as to adjust, by adding up, the concentration of structuring 170 of said waste up to a predetermined value, preferably clean. to improve the first composting cycle. Structured waste 17C recovered which is not reintroduced may preferably be subject to a tn, for example manual or using a machine of the rotary trommel type so as to separate recycling waste, which is racycted, and non-recyclable waste, to which we must undergo a stage X of manufacturing solid recovered fuel (CSR), or another type of reprocessing of the landfill type or it is possible, at this stage of stage E2, to envisage to make mixed waste 2 dried in stage X of recovery manufacturing, insofar as your waste is dried and is in particular of an intrinsic humidity lower than incineration. Indeed, enter a portion of solid fuel of sufficiently dry, about 10%.

Advantageously, all or some of the elements undesirable to the formation of the final refined waste mixture 28 are separated during step C. This separation is facilitated by the fact that, at this stage of step E2, all or part of the biodegradable waste have undergone the first composting cycle, so as to be composted, at least partially, and this same biodegradable waste is dry, and therefore in particular non-sticky, disseminated in the form of powder or pre-compost gravel which adheres less important to non-biodegradable waste. This pre-composted and dry biodegradable waste, moreover, advantageously has, for most of them, a low density which is distinct from the rest of the waste from the dried waste mixture 2. Thus, during step C, the portion of light waste 13C comprises a majority concentration of biodegradable waste capable of being transformed into compost. It is thus easier to make a selection of the waste likely to form the mixture of refined waste 28 from the waste mixture 2, which was initially relatively heterogeneous.

Step C and step E are preferably carried out using means for separating the mixture of waste 2 dried at least into a portion of heavy waste 25 and a portion of light waste 13G, the portion of heavy waste 25 being substantially formed by higher density waste than the waste from the light waste portion 13C. The separation means advantageously also include the trommel associated with step E. The trommel associated with I step E may optionally be equipped with a brush making it possible to clean the portion of light waste 13C by rubbing, in order to separate your waste therefrom mentioned above.

Preferably, the portion of light waste 130 separated during step C has a density of less than about 0.7 kg / L, preferably less than about 0.6 kg / L, the dry compost generally having a mass volume close to 0.5 kg / L. Plastics with a density te more often greater than 0.8 kg / L can thus easily be separated from the portion of light waste 130. It is thus advantageously possible to separate from the portion of light waste 130 plastics, including the materials chlorinated plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), so that the refined waste mixture 28 will be substantially free of it at the end of step D, or will be provided in negligible proportions. For example, your gravel and other stones, metals, glass, degraded or deteriorating paper fibers can also be separated during step C, so that the mixture of refined waste 28 will be substantially free of them. the outcome of step D, or will be provided with negligible proportions.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, step C preferably comprises a first substep C1 during which the dried metal waste 26A which it contains is separated from the mixture of dried waste 2, for example using an electromagnetic separator and / or an eddy current separator, so as to separate at least the majority of the residual metallic waste 26A contained in said mixture of dried waste 2. This advantageously separates again any ferrous (using the magnetic separator) and non-ferrous metallic element (using the eddy current separator) contained in the mixture of dried waste 2, which in particular would not have been separated during step Z. The “dried” state of the waste advantageously facilitates such separation. This first sub-step C1 preferentially contributes to the formation of a mixture of good quality refined waste 28, and in particular of a compost satisfying standard NF U 44-051. Step E2 thus preferably comprises a step W of recycling the metallic waste 26A initially contained in the first fraction of waste 13. Substep C1 is preferably carried out before the separation of heavy waste and light waste.

Step C preferably comprises a second sub-step C2, during which the mixture of dried waste 2 is separated, in addition to the portion of heavy waste 25 and light waste 13C, into a portion of intermediate waste 19C whose density is intermediate, that is to say between the density of the waste from the first and second portions of waste, and adding said portion of intermediate waste 19C to waste undergoing step A. Intermediate waste 19C, whose density is for example greater than approximately 0.6 kg / L but less than approximately 0.7 kg / L, are preferably returned in a first composting cycle in accordance with step A. Indeed, it is possible that your waste 19C intermediates can be formed by biodegradable waste whose degradation of the first composting cycle is incomplete, or whose drying is incomplete. This second substep C2 thus makes it possible to improve the separation between the waste which will enter into the composition of the mixture of refined waste 28, and the other waste.

The second sub-step C2 is preferably carried out after sub-step C1, and contributes to the separation of heavy waste and light waste.

Step C, the first substep C1 and the second substep C2 are advantageously carried out at least using the above-mentioned separation means, comprising in particular a ballistic belt separator 12C (as illustrated for example in FIGS. 7 and 8) and an associated densimetric table separator. In this case, step E2 preferably implements a first ballistic mat 12A making it possible to separate the portion of heavy waste 25 first, the rest of the mixture of dried waste 2 being directed towards a second ballistic mat 12B making it possible to separate a portion of light waste 13C and a portion of indeterminate waste 15C. The portion of indeterminate waste is advantageously directed towards the densimetric separator, which makes it possible to separate the portion of indeterminate waste more finely, in particular by separating light waste joining the portion of light waste 13C, heavy waste joining the portion of heavy waste , and the portion of intermediate waste 19C described above.

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the first and second ballistic belts 12A, 12B are preferably included in the same machine, as illustrated in the figures, the first ballistic carpet 12A directly feeding the second ballistic carpet 12B by gravity. An accelerator belt can advantageously be placed upstream of the first ballistic carpet 12A so as to accelerate the mixture of dried waste 2 to be projected onto the first ballistic carpet 12B with a certain kinetic energy capable of improving the separation of the waste. The first ballistic mat 12A and the second ballistic mat 12B preferably have an inclination in the longitudinal direction, which inclination is adjustable, for example between 20 ° and 70 ° relative to the horizontal, in order to allow the separation of the waste to be adjusted. . To improve separation, the first and / or 1st second ballistic mat 12A.12B preferably comprises an elastic tread making it possible to bounce and route certain types of waste on said tread (in particular the most massive of them) , some other waste being intended on the contrary to adhere to the tread. The tread can also advantageously have adhesive or sticky properties, in particular for adhering the finest waste. The mixture of dried waste 2 comprises in particular fines, which can be advantageously recovered to be introduced into the portion of light waste 13C, for example by scraping the ballistic mats 12C using a tungsten scraper equipping said ballistic mats (not shown).

At the end of step C, in particular of sub-step C2, and prior to step D, step E2 preferably comprises a step F during which a portion is separated from the portion of light waste 13C 18C coarse waste whose size exceeds 12 mm, for example using a rotary trommel whose mesh allows the segregation of objects whose size is greater than approximately 12 mm, and of objects whose size is less than about 12 mm. The coarse waste 18C forms, in this case, light waste whose size is too large to be able to enter the composition of the mixture of refined waste 28, and in particular to form compost meeting the standard NF U 44-051. All or part of this portion of coarse waste 18C is advantageously crushed to be reintroduced into the portion 15 of light waste 13C during step D. Alternatively, all or part of this portion of coarse waste 18C is preferably reintroduced into waste undergoing step A. In addition, all or part of this portion of coarse waste 18C, which can be formed from non-compostable waste, can enter into stage X of manufacturing solid recovered fuel, or be subjected to, if possible, from step W of recycling.

Finally, step D preferably makes it possible to refine the decomposition of organic waste contained in the first initial waste fraction 13. At this stage of step E2, the second composting cycle is carried out on the portion of light waste 13G, which comes from the first fraction of waste 13, which has been devoid of the vast majority, if not all of the waste not in accordance with the formation of the final refined waste mixture 28. A mixture of refined waste 28 of good quality is thus obtained, and capable of meeting particular standards. Furthermore, at the end of step E2, most, if not all, of the biodegradable waste, the first fraction of waste 13 enters into the composition of the final refined waste mixture 28.

step D is preferably carried out by placing the portion of light waste 13C, for example in a heap, in at least one second composting bay 3C, for example similar to the first composting bay 3C.

Stage D advantageously comprises at least one sub-stage D1 of rewetting of light waste, for example with the humidity 6C recovered during

I drying step B, in order to promote natural composting, and in particular the maturation of the compost during the second composting cycle to form the mixture of refined waste 28. Preferably, step D also includes aeration of light waste , for example similar to step A (using an air flow, or several reversals of the heap of light waste) to promote the formation of refined waste 28.

Stage D can also preferably comprise the reintroduction of microorganisms into said light waste, originating for example from the first composting cycle of stage A.

It is thus possible to recover the first fraction of waste 13 into a mixture of final refined waste 28, for example forming a compost in accordance with standard NF U 44-051.

Advantageously, and as shown in FIG. 1, the treatment method includes a step W during which recycling of non-biodegradable recycling waste 26 is carried out which has previously been separated from the first waste fraction 13 at during step E2 and recyclable waste 26 which has been previously separated from the second residual fraction of waste 14, for example during steps E4, ES or ES. As described above, step E2 preferably makes it possible, during its course, to extract and separate recycling waste 26 from the first waste fraction 13, just like steps E4 to E6.

As shown in FIG. 1, the portion of heavy waste 25 is added to the second residual fraction of waste 14 at the end of step E1, to undergo in particular step E4 and / or your steps E5 and / or E6 described above, insofar as they advantageously comprise a majority proportion of non-biodegradable recyclable waste compared to the proportion of biodegradable waste.

The treatment method advantageously includes, in addition, a step X during which a waste recovery process, preferably non-recyclable, which is separated from the first fraction of waste, is subjected to a process of manufacturing solid recovery fuel. during step E2 and which have been separated from the second residual fraction of waste 14, for example during step E6. The waste thus recovered, preferably non-recyclable and non-recoverable in other sectors (recycling or manufacturing of compost), is advantageously substantially free of chlorinated elements, so that it can be used in the manufacture of solid recovered fuel. Indeed, most of the chlorinated elements, for example your waste containing PVC, have preferably been separated beforehand during stages of the treatment process.

Step X advantageously includes a sub-step for separating the fines from the non-recycling waste, so as not to convert solid waste containing no fines into solid fuel for recovery.

Step X advantageously includes a sub-step for selecting waste having a calorific value above a predetermined threshold, in order to manufacture solid recovery fuel whose calorific value is particularly high.

Stage X preferably comprises a sub-stage during which elements with high calorific value are added to the waste of stage X, said elements with high calorific value being distinct from the waste of the treatment process, in order to increase, or regulate the calorific value of solid recovery fuel.

Step X advantageously includes a sub-step of adding ordinary industrial waste to the waste of step X.

· - ⁷ - '-λ- 29 .. ..

Preferably, the fines recovered from the waste during the steps described above can either enter step E2 for the production of compost, or be destroyed or buried.

In general, waste that could not be recycled, transformed into compost or solid recovery fuel is preferably buried or incinerated.

The invention also relates as such to an installation for treating a mixture of waste 2, the latter being of heterogeneous sizes, shapes and consistencies, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the waste mixture 2 being formed by waste biodegradable, for example at least 10% of the mass, and a non-negligible portion of the mass of the mixture being formed by non-biodegradable recyclable waste 26, for example at least 10% of the mass.

The installation described below preferably makes it possible to implement the treatment process described above, and preferably forms a waste treatment and sorting plant.

The treatment installation of the invention comprises a rotary sorting machine 1, making it possible to separate the waste mixture 2 into a first fraction of waste 13 and a second residual fraction of waste 14, the first fraction of waste 13 the size of which is less than about 180 mm, preferably less than 140 mm.

The purpose of the sorting machine 1 is advantageously to organize your waste from said waste mixture 2, by classifying and separating your waste which it contains by categories according to their nature or specific characteristics. The waste thus sorted by the sorting machine 1 can in this way advantageously be the subject of the treatments described above, which could not be carried out when said waste is in the initial mixed waste 2 state.

A non-exhaustive and non-limiting example of a sorting machine 1 in FIG. 4.

The sorting machine 1 advantageously comprises at least a first trommel section 3, provided with a first separation wall 5 extending over a first axial length L1 and being provided with a first series of separation orifices 7, 8 through to separate the waste mixture 2 into a first fraction of waste 13 passing through said first separation wall 5 via the first series of separation orifices 7, 8 and into a second residual fraction of waste 14, the mixture of waste 2 being intended to circulate along said first wall to be thus separated.

The first trommel section 3 is designed to receive therein a mixture of waste 2 to perform a first sorting of the latter. Preferably, said first trommel section 3 is provided for bringing the waste mixture 2 into contact with the first separation wall 5. In contact with the latter, the waste mixture 2 is screened, and / or filtered, said first wall separation 5 being porous, so as to allow the passage through itself of the first fraction of waste 13, and to prohibit the passage through itself of the second residual fraction of waste 14. Preferably, the first waste fraction 13 is formed by waste whose size is smaller, on average, than that of the second residual waste fraction 14.

The separation orifices 7, 8 of the first series of separation orifices 7, 8 are formed through the first separation wall 5, so as to make them porous, and are calibrated to allow them to pass through themselves exclusively the first fraction of waste 13, the elements of which are finer than those of the second residual fraction of waste 14, in the manner of a sieve.

The waste mixture 2 is intended to progress, for example by gravity, along the first partition wall 5 over the entire first length L1. The latter advantageously represents the porous length of the first separation wall 5, that is to say the useful length pierced by the first series of separation orifices 7, 8.

The first fraction of waste 13 is removed from the first section of trommel 3 using, for example, gravity-free, in a first hopper 12 placed below the first section of trommel 3. The second residual fraction of waste 14 advantageously remains channeled within the first section of trommel 3, and is caused to pass into the second section of trommel 4.

Insofar as the mixture of waste 2 passes in the first place in the first section of trommel 3, the latter preferably makes it possible to separate therefrom the waste whose size is the smallest, whose density is the highest, whose l dynamic inertia is the most important, your waste is more sticky, greasy, dirty and wet than the mixture of waste 2. The first fraction of waste 13 is thus advantageously mainly formed by waste having such properties. In this case, the first fraction of waste 13 thus mainly concentrates organic biodegradable eVou waste, which most of the time has your aforementioned properties.

Preferably, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first series of separation orifices 7, 8 comprises at least primary orifices 7 allowing at least to help separate the waste mixture 2 according to the first waste fraction 13 and according to the second residual fraction of waste 14 by passage of the first fraction of waste 13 through said primary orifices 7, the latter being of a size suitable for preventing the passage of waste of a size greater than 80 mm. Are thus authorized to pass through the primary orifices 7, in this preferential case, only your waste sufficiently small, to form the first fraction of waste 13. The size of the primary orifices 7 thus chosen preferably makes it possible to make a selection of good quality of biodegradable waste, that is to say that it makes it possible to obtain a high concentration of biodegradable waste in the first fraction of waste 13. For this purpose, the primary orifices 7 are preferably of circular section, and d '' a diameter between 85 mm and 95 mm, preferably about 90 mm. It should be borne in mind that, in particular to adapt to the composition of the waste mixture 2, other sizes and shapes of primary orifices 7 could be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention, for example polygonal, oblong, smaller size, or larger size.

The primary orifices 7 are advantageously distributed in a regular manner, so as to form a mesh, over the majority of the surface of the first partition wall 5.

separaZ 7 ₈ ^{to fiSUre 4} · ^{, a Serve of} these separations 7, 8 also includes secondary orifices 8 allowing ““ 'è to separate the mixture of waste 2 séton the first fraction of dZ 3 and according to the second residual fraction of waste U by passage of your first action of waste 13 through said secondary orifices 8, the latter being a tafile adapted to authorize the passage of waste whose size is included. and 1.5 times the size of the waste whose passage is authorized by the primary orifices 7, the secondary orifices 8 being disposed upstream of the primary orifices 7 in consideration of the direction of circulation of the waste mixture 2.

Unlike the usual trommels, (the first partition wall 5 advantageously has a decreasing porosity the iong of its first length L1 so that the waste mixture 2 is first brought into contact with the secondary orifices 8, then with the orifices primary 7. taps the secondary ports 8 θ ^S ” ^{re to} * ^a “ '' θ ^deS 7. The secondary ports 8 are

Preferably of circular section, and of a diameter comprised between 105 mm and mm, preferably approximately 110 mm. It should be borne in mind that no amment to adapt to the composition of the waste mixture 2, other sizes and elms secondary donfices 8 may be considered without departing from the scope of the invention, for example polygonal, oblong. smaller size, or larger size.

The secondary orifices 8 are preferably evenly distributed, so as to form a mafilage, over a minority portion of the surface of the first partition wall 5 which is unoccupied by the primary orifices 7. The secondary orifices 8 are advantageously distributed over approximately an eighth of the first length L1, the secondary onices occupying substantially the entire remaining length.

Distributed over such a short length, the secondary orifices 8 make it possible to include in the first fraction of waste 13 only a portion of waste of greater size than that authorized by the primary orifices 7 and contained in the waste mixture 2. In particular advantageous, such a design makes it possible to ensure that the second residual fraction of waste 14 contains a smaller or even substantially zero proportion of biodegradable waste, even if a larger portion of non-biodegradable waste is likely to be introduced into the first fraction of waste 13.

Preferably, the sorting machine 1 also comprises a second trommel section 4, provided with a second partition wall 6 extending over a second axial length 5 L2, said second partition wall 6 being provided with a second series through separation holes 9 making it possible to separate the second residual Traction of waste 14 into a sub-fraction of small waste 15 passing through said second separation wall 6 via said second series of separation holes 9 and into a sub-fraction of large waste 16 10 residual, the sub-fraction of large waste 16 being formed by waste whose size is larger than the sub-fraction of small waste 15, the second residual fraction of waste 14 being intended to circulate the along said second wall so as to be separated.

The second section of trommel 4 is designed to receive within it the second residual fraction of waste 14, coming from the first section of trommel 3, to effect a second sorting of said second residual fraction of waste 14. The second section of trommel 4 is preferably provided to bring the second residual fraction of waste 14 into contact with the second separation wall 6. In contact with the latter, the second residual fraction of waste 14 is screened, 20 and / or filtered, said second separation wall 6 being porous, so as to allow the passage through itself of the sub-fraction of small waste 15, and to prohibit the passage through itself of the sub-fraction of large waste 16.

The separation orifices 9 of the second series of separation orifices 9 are formed through the second separation wall 6, so as to make it porous, and are calibrated to allow the sub-passage to pass exclusively through them. -fraction of small waste 15, the elements of which are finer than those of the sub-fraction of large waste 16, in the manner of a sieve.

The second residual fraction of waste 14 is intended to progress, for example by gravity, along the second partition wall 6 over the entire second length L2. The latter advantageously represents the porous length of the second separation wall 6, that is to say the useful length pierced by the second series of separation orifices 9.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, the small waste sub-fraction 15 is evacuated from the second section of trommel 4 using for example gravity, in a second hopper 17 placed below the second section of trommei 4. The sub-fraction of large waste 16 remains preferably channeled within the second section of trommel 4 and evacuated from the latter. Preferably, the second section of trommel 4 has for this purpose a rejection outlet via which the sub-fraction of large waste 16 is intended to exit from said second section of trommei 4. The rejection outlet 21 advantageously leads to an evacuation hopper 18 connected to (end of the second section of trommel 4, and into which the sub-fraction of large waste 16 falls by gravity.

Insofar as the second residual fraction of waste 14 is preferably substantially devoid of biodegradable waste, dirty, sticky eVou of high density, which have been discarded by the first section of trommel 3, the second section of trommel 4 preferably allows sorting the waste, including in particular recyclable waste, present in the second residual fraction of waste 14. It allows in particular, preferentially, to isolate relatively large waste contained in the large waste subsection 16, which could, for example, be subject to manual biodegradable sorting, recyclable waste and non-recyclable waste. The smaller waste advantageously contained in the small waste sub-section 15 may, for example, be subject to automated sorting aimed at separating biodegradable waste, recyclable waste and non-recyclable waste. In any event, the subsequent sorting carried out on the small waste sub-section 15 and on the large waste sub-section 16 is advantageously facilitated, insofar as the waste is, at this stage, substantially cleaned of organic waste and / or biodegradable, sticky, messy and smelly.

Preferably, the second series of separation orifices 9 comprises at least tertiary orifices 9 allowing at least to contribute to separating the second residual fraction of waste 14 according to the sub-fraction of small waste 15 and according to the sub-fraction of large waste 16 by passage of the small waste sub-fraction 15 through said tertiary orifice 9, the latter being of a size suitable for preventing the passage of waste of a size greater than at least 200 mm, or even 300 mm. Are thus authorized to pass through the tertiary orifices 9, in this preferential case 5, only your waste sufficiently small, to form the sub-fraction of small waste 15. The size of the tertiary orifices 9 thus chosen preferably makes it possible to carry out a selection of a predetermined type of recyclable waste, that is to say it makes it possible to obtain a high concentration of this particular type of recyclable waste the sub-fraction of small waste 15. To do this, your orifices tertiary 9 10 are advantageously of oblong section, and said oblong section having a small diameter Dp, and a large diameter Dg, as illustrated in particular in FIG. 6. The expression “oblong section” preferably includes a form of section for example rectangular or elliptical, or a shape combining your characteristics of the latter. Advantageously, the large diameter Dg and the small diameter Dp are chosen so that they correspond to the types of waste which it is desired to include in particular in the small waste sub-fraction 15. For example, the mixture of waste 2 being likely to contain plastic or glass bottles, the standard size of which is generally about thirty centimeters, we can choose a large diameter Dg of a size slightly larger than the size of said bottles, 20 is that is to say slightly greater than about thirty centimeters. Likewise, for example, the mixture of waste 2 being capable of containing used newspapers, the standard size of which is generally about twenty centimeters, we can choose a small diameter Dp of a size slightly greater than the size of the newspaper deposits , that is to say slightly greater than about twenty centimeters.

Consequently, preferably, for each tertiary orifice, the small diameter Dp is between 200 and 240 mm, preferably approximately 220 mm, the large diameter Dg being between 300 and 400 mm, preferably approximately 330 mm, the small diameter Dp being substantially perpendicular to the large diameter Dg, as illustrated in particular in FIG. 6. Of course, in particular to adapt to the composition of the waste mixture 2 initiai, other sizes and shapes of tertiary orifices 9 may be considered without departing from the scope of the invention, for example polygonal, circular, smaller size, or larger size.

. . ·

Advantageously, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the tertiary orifices 9 are distributed in successive rows along the second length L2, alternating at least:

a longitudinal row 19 of tertiary orifices 9, in which the large diameter Dg of the tertiary orifices 9 of the right row is aligned in the direction of the second length L2, and

- A transverse row 20 of tertiary orifices 9, in which the small diameter Dp of the tertiary orifices 9 of the transverse row 20 is aligned in the direction of the second length L2.

Preferably, the large diameter Dg of the tertiary orifices 9 is parallel to a second longitudinal axis Y-Y * of the second trommel 4, as described below. Preferably, on the contrary, the large diameter Dg of the tertiary orifices 9 is perpendicular to the second longitudinal axis Y-Y ’.

From one row to another, the tertiary orifices 9 are thus preferably substantially perpendicular to each other, so as to anticipate the orientation of the waste to be included in the small waste sub-fraction 15, and to improve the sorting efficiency of the second section of trommel 4.

Preferably, the second series of separation orifices 9 will be formed by alternating longitudinal rows 19 and transverse rows 20 of tertiary orifices 9.

Of course, other arrangements of the tertiary orifices can be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention.

Advantageously, the first series of separation orifices 7, 8 is distributed substantially over the entire first length L1 of the first section of trommel 3, the second series of separation orifices 9 is distributed substantially over the entire second length L2 of the second section of trommel 4, so as to be distributed over at least the majority of, or even over all, the surface formed by the first partition wall 5 and by the second partition wall 6. Such a design makes it possible to increase the proportion useful of said partition walls, and thus improve the compactness of the sorting machine 1 in general.

According to a preferred characteristic, the second length L2 is less than the first length L1. Thus, the first section of trommel 3, and in particular the first partition wall 5 is of a length greater than that of the second section of trommel 4, and in particular the second partition wall 6. Such a design allows the first section of trommel 3 effectively ensuring the separation of a majority, or even of all the biodegradable waste initially contained in the waste mixture 2. In fact, the first length L1 is advantageously chosen to be long enough so that all the waste of the waste mixture 2 capable of passing through the first partition wall 5 are effectively included in the first waste faction 13.

Preferably, the first length L1 is worth at least 1.05 times the second length L2, preferably at least 1.10 times, even more preferably at least 1.12 times. The sum of the first length L1 and the second length L2 is advantageously between 10 and 20 m. The sorting machine 1 is preferably designed to sort between 10 and 50 T / h of waste mixture (2).

Preferably, as shown for example in Figure 6, the first partition wall 5 has a general shape of prism, cylinder or truncated cone, the height of which forms a first longitudinal axis XX ′ of the first partition wall 5, the latter being rotated about the first longitudinal axis XX ′.

Advantageously, the second partition wall 6 has a general shape of prism, cylinder or truncated cone, the height of which forms a second longitudinal axis YY ¹ of the second partition wall 6, the latter being rotated around of the second longitudinal axis Y-Y '.

The first longitudinal axis X-X 'and / or the second longitudinal axis © YY are preferably slightly inclined relative to the horizontal, so as to allow, by gravity, a progression of the waste in the trommel sections according to a direction of circulation predetermined, advantageously from I inlet inlet 10, to the second trommel section 4, up to the evacuation hopper 18 at the refusal outlet of the second trommel section 4.

,, ³⁸ The rotation of the first section of trommel 3 and fou of the second section of trommel 4 allows the waste to be stirred and returned, so that at least a majority of them, if not all, have the possibility to come into contact with the first partition wall 5 and / or the second partition wall 6 to be sorted.

To allow better mixing of the waste and improve the sorting efficiency of the sorting machine 1, the first trommel section 3 and / or the second trommel section 4 are each designed to be rotated, the rotation taking place preferably alternately in one direction and in the other according to a desired frequency, around their respective longitudinal axes.

One can advantageously choose a cylindrical shape, which allows the waste, during the rotation of the trommel sections, to rub against one another so as to clean each other of sticky waste. Alternatively, it is possible, for example, to choose a prismatic shape with an octagonal base to cause the waste to rebound on the walls, in order to allow better separation of the waste from one another.

The diameter of the first section of trommel 3 and of the second section of trommel 4 is advantageously between 2 and 3 m.

Consequently, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the first series of separation holes 7,8 is preferably distributed over the entire circumference of the first partition wall 5, the second series of separation holes 9 being distributed over the entire circumference of the second partition wall 6.

Preferably, and as illustrated in the figures, the separation orifices 7, 8 of the first series of separation orifices 7, 8 are distributed over the first separation wall 5 according to a first staggered mesh, the orifices of separation 9 of the second series of separation orifices 9 being distributed over the second separation wall 6 according to a second staggered mesh. In this way, the separation orifices 7, 8, 9 are arranged both in a first helix and a second crossed helix, which improves the efficiency of sorting during the circulation of waste in. . 'the first trommel section 3 and in the second trommel section 4, regardless of the direction of rotation of said trommel sections 3,4.

Preferably, the first partition wall 5 and / or the second partition wall 6 is provided with lifting fins 22 of the waste flowing in the first trommel section 3 and / or in the second trommel section 4, respectively. The lifting fins 22 are preferably each arranged in the longitudinal direction of the trommel sections 3, 4, so as to entrain, raise and stir the waste during the rotation of said trommel sections 3, 4. The lifting fins 22 are advantageously arranged in staggered rows.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, the first trommel section 3 and the second trommel section 4 form a single trommel 3,4 which is rotatable in a single piece around a single longitudinal axis X-X'-Y-Y ', the outlet end of the first trommel section 3 being directly connected to the inlet end of the second trommel section 4. In this preferred case, the trommel sections 3, 4 are integral, and form a single drum .

In this preferred case shown in FIG. 4, the sorting machine 1 comprises three force recoveries 23 making it possible to support and / or to rotate the single trommel, two of the force recoveries 23 being placed at the ends of the single trommel, the latter being placed substantially in the middle of the other two. The resumption of effort 23 correspond for example to bearings, and / or to drive means of the gear toothed wheel or drive pulley type. The recovery of median effort 23 advantageously makes it possible to avoid any risk of bending of the single trommel 3, 4, in particular in the case where its total length is large and where the amount of waste within it is particularly massive.

Alternatively, according to another preferred variant not shown in Figures 3 to 6, it is possible to envisage that the first section of trommel 3 and the second section of trommel 4 form two independent trommels, the sorting machine 1 including transfer means of the second residual fraction of waste 14 from the first section of trommel 3 to the second section of trommel 4.

The first trommel section 3 preferably comprises an outlet for transferring the second residual fraction of waste 14, the second trommel section 4 comprising a secondary inlet for the second residual fraction of waste 14. The secondary inlet is advantageously connected to the transfer outlet, so that the waste can circulate from the first section of trommel 3 to the second section of trommel 4. Preferably, the sorting machine 1 is designed so that the second residual fraction of waste 14 falls by gravity from the first trommel section 3 in the second trommel section 4.

By way of illustration only, the variant shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 can operate in the manner described below.

The single trommel 3, 4 being rotated alternately in one direction and in the other around its longitudinal axis, the waste mixture 2 to be sorted is introduced through the inlet 10.

The waste mixture 2 first circulates in the first section of trommel 3 so as to be separated:

- firstly in a first fraction of waste 13, which passes through the first partition wall 5 to fall into the first hopper 12, and

- on the other hand, a second residual fraction of waste 14 which remains inside the single trommel 3, 4 and progresses towards the second section of trommel 4.

On reaching the second section of trommel 4, the second residual fraction of waste 14 is again sorted, and in this case separated:

- on the one hand in a sub-fraction of small waste 15, which passes through the second partition wall 6 to fall into the second hopper 17, ei

- on the other hand in a sub-fraction of large waste 16, which is discharged from the second section of trommel 4 by the refusal outlet 21, so as to fall into the evacuation hopper 18.

The waste fractions and sub-fractions 13, 15, 18 recovered separately in the hoppers 12, 17, 18 can thus be treated separately, despite the very great heterogeneity of the initial waste mixture 2.

According to the invention, the treatment installation also includes a composting installation allowing the first fraction of waste 13 to undergo a composting process so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste that it contains.

As illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 9, the composting installation preferably includes:

- At least a first composting bay 30 allowing the first fraction of waste 13 to undergo a first composting cycle so as to at least partly compost the biodegradable waste from said first waste fraction 13, and to obtain a mixture of waste 2 pre-composted,

- at least one drying rack 20 of the mixture of pre-composted waste 2, making it possible to obtain a mixture of dried waste 2,

means for separating the mixture of waste 2 dried at least into a portion of heavy waste 25 and a portion of light waste 130, the portion of heavy waste 25 being substantially formed by waste of higher density than the waste of the portion of light waste 13C,

at least one second composting bay 30 making it possible to subject a portion of light waste 130 to a second composting cycle so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste it contains, and to obtain a mixture of refined waste 28.

The composting installation advantageously makes it possible to implement step E2 described above. Consequently, the elements of this composting installation, and in particular the first composting bay 30, the second composting bay 3C, the drying bay 2C, the separation means, advantageously correspond to those described above.

Preferably, the first bay, and / or the second bay, comprise sources of humidity 60 making it possible to humidify the mixture of waste 2 concerned, that is to say respectively the first fraction of waste 13 and the portion of light waste 13C.

Advantageously, the drying rack 2C comprises a recuperator 10C of a portion of the moisture 6C contained in the mixture of waste 2 pre-compost during the drying of the latter, the recuperator 10C for supplying the sources of humidity 8C with the humidity 6C recovered during the drying of said pre-composted waste.

The recuperator 10C advantageously corresponds to that described above, and comprises for example a device for condensing the moisture 6C contained in the drying air, which has been extracted from the mixture of waste 2 pre-compost. The recuperator 10C also includes, for example, a device for draining the composting juices 11C, arranged at ground level 12D, making it possible to collect and drain said composting juices 11 C.

Preferably, the drying bay 2C comprises means for circulating air drying through the mixture of waste 2 pre-composted to dry the latter, the means for circulating including at least:

₁₅ - air blowing means 7C above the mixture of precomposted waste 2,

- air suction means 8C drying below the mixture of pre-composted waste 2, arranged for example at ground level 12D, under the pile of pre-composted waste.

Such an arrangement advantageously makes it possible to create a circulation of air drying A _dry from top to bottom suitable for allowing drying of the mixture of pre-composted waste 2.

The condensing device is preferably placed within the suction means 80 and / or the blowing means 7C.

The drying rack 20 preferably comprises a light source 5C as described above, making it possible to irradiate the mixture of waste 2 during drying, and thus facilitate its drying.

The composting bay 30 advantageously also includes a light source 50 making it possible to irradiate the waste mixture 2 during composting, and thus to improve the composting of the latter (as illustrated in FIG. 9), the light natural, and in particular the sun's rays being favorable to the development of life, and in particular to the micro-organisms which are sensitive to it.

The light source 50 can advantageously be formed by a canopy placed vertically above the composting or drying 20 bay, allowing sunlight to pass through and protecting the bay from bad weather.

Such an arrangement advantageously makes it possible to avoid clogging of the circulation means.

The composting installation also advantageously comprises means for treating the drying air A _sech having circulated through the mixture of precomposted waste 2 in order to discharge it substantially from any composting emission, in particular odorant, as described for example below. before.

Preferably, the compost bays and the drying bays are identical, and / or are combined, to form composting / drying bays and selectively perform the two associated functions. Of course, the drying bays and the compost bays can be perfectly separate without departing from the scope of the invention.

As described above, the separation means preferably include at least one ballistic belt separator 120 and one associated densimetric table separator making it possible to separate the portion of heavy waste 25 and the portion of light waste 13C.

The installation advantageously includes means for adding (not shown), to the second residual fraction of waste 14, the portion of heavy waste 25 separated from the means for separating the composting installation. The adding means can be presented, for example, as a conveyor designed to transport the portion of heavy waste 25 to add it to the second residual fraction of waste 14. The portion of heavy waste 25 recovered from the first fraction of waste 13 can thus advantageously be added to the second residual fraction of waste 14 at the end of step E1.

Preferably, the treatment installation comprises at least one line for automatic sorting of waste from a sub-fraction of small waste 15 from the second residual fraction of waste 14 (preferably associated with step E6), and at least a manual sorting line of a large waste sub-fraction of the second residual waste fraction 14 (preferably associated with step E5), the large waste sub-fraction being formed by waste whose size is greater in the small waste sub-fraction (15), the sorting lines for separating recyclable waste (26) from the second residual waste fraction (14), as well as non-recyclable waste.

As described above, the automatic sorting line preferably comprises a ballistic belt separator, an accelerator belt, a low recovery means, a high recovery means, a glass trap, a tungsten strip scraper, substantially flat waste sorting robots, substantially volume waste sorting robots, belt conveyor sets.

Thanks to such an installation, all or part of the process described above can preferably be carried out in an automated and industrial manner.

Finally, the treatment installation preferably comprises an installation for manufacturing solid recovery fuel from non-recyclable waste separated using sorting lines, making it possible in particular to perform step X described above.

□ _he preference, thanks to such an invention, it is possible to recycle and recover at least 80% of the mass of the initial waste mixture, preferably at least 90%.

POSSIBILITY OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION ~

The invention finds its industrial application in the design, production and implementation of means for processing a mixture of waste of sizes, shapes and heterogeneous consistencies, mixture comprising biodegradable waste and non-biodegradable recyclable waste.

Claims (23)

1 - Process for treating a mixture of waste (2), the latter being of heterogeneous sizes, shapes and consistencies, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the waste mixture (2) being formed by biodegradable waste, by example at least 10% by mass, and a non-negligible portion of the mass of the mixture being formed by non-biodegradable recyclable waste (26), for example at least 10% by mass, the treatment process being characterized in that 'it comprises the following successive stages; - Step E1 during which the waste mixture (2) is separated into a first fraction of waste (13) whose size is less than about 180 mm, preferably less than 140 mm by means of a first series of separation orifices (7,8) and into a second residual fraction of waste (14), said first series of separation orifices (7,8) comprising primary orifices (7) and secondary orifices (8) of which the size is greater than the size of the primary orifices (7) so that the waste mixture (2) is first brought into contact with the secondary orifices then with the primary orifices (7), - Step E2 during which the first fraction of waste (13) is subjected to a composting process so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste it contains. 2- A treatment method according to claim 1 characterized in that the secondary orifices (8) have a size adapted to allow the passage of waste whose size is between 1 and 1.5 times the size of the waste whose passage is authorized by the primary ports (7). 3 - Treatment method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste of the first fraction of waste (13) has a size less than about 110 mm. 4 - Treatment method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, of the mass of the mixture is formed by biodegradable waste, and at least 10%, preferably at least 20% , the mass of the mixture is formed by non-biodegradable recyclable waste (26). 5 - Treatment method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste mixture (2) is formed by household waste, and / or by economic activity waste, said waste having undergone no sorting or crushing beforehand. 6 - Treatment method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises: a step W during which a non-biodegradable recyclable waste (26) is recycled which has previously been separated from the first fraction of waste (13) during step E2 and recyclable waste (26) that have been previously separated from the second residual fraction of waste (14), and - a step X during which a waste recovery process, preferably non-recyclable (27), is subjected to a process of manufacturing a solid recovery fuel, which is separated from the first fraction of waste (13) during the step E2 and which have been separated from the second residual fraction of waste (14). 7 - Treatment method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composting process in step E2 comprises the following successive steps: - Step A: the first fraction of waste (13) is subjected to a first composting cycle so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste from said first fraction of waste (13), and to obtain a mixture of waste (2) pre-composted, - Step B: the mixture of pre-compost waste (2) is subjected to drying in order to obtain a mixture of dry waste (2), - Step C: the mixture of dried waste (2) is separated into at least a portion of heavy waste (25) and a portion of light waste (13C), the portion of heavy waste (25) being formed by mass waste higher volume than the waste from the light waste portion (13C), - Step D: the portion of light waste (130) is subjected to a second composting cycle so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste which it contains, and to obtain a mixture of refined waste (28), especially compost. 8 - Treatment method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the portion of heavy waste (25) is added to the second residual fraction of waste (14) at the end of step E1. 9 - Treatment method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, at the end of step E1 or simultaneously with the latter, a step E4 of separation of the second residual fraction of waste ( 14) into a sub-fraction of large waste and a sub-fraction of small waste (15), the sub-fraction of large waste being formed by waste the size of which is greater than the sub-fraction of small waste (15) . 10 - Treatment method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the sub-fraction of large waste is formed by waste whose size is greater than about 330 mm, the sub-fraction of small waste (15) being formed by waste less than about 330 mm in size. 11- Treatment method according to any one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that it comprises a step E5 of manual sorting of the sub-fraction of large waste, making it possible to separate on the one hand the recyclable waste (26 ) that it contains, and on the other hand the non-recyclable waste (27) that it contains. 12- Treatment method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that it comprises a step E6 of automated sorting of the subfraction of small waste (15), making it possible to separate on the one hand the recyclable waste ( 26) that it contains, and on the other hand the non-recyclable waste (27) that it contains. 13 - Treatment method according to claim 12, characterized in that step E6 comprises a first sub-step E61 of separation of metallic waste (26A) contained in the sub-fraction of small waste (15), for example at l using an electromagnetic separator and / or an eddy current separator, so as to separate at least the majority of metallic waste (26A) contained in said sub-fraction of small waste (15), metallic waste ( 26A) forming at least the majority of recyclable waste (26). 14- Treatment method according to any one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that step E6 comprises a second sub-step E62, of separation of the sub-fraction of small waste (15) into a waste stream substantially flat and a substantially volume waste stream. 15 - Treatment method according to claim 14, characterized in that step E6 comprises a third sub-step E63 of robotic sorting on the one hand of the substantially flat waste stream and on the other hand of the substantially voluminous waste stream, to separate from each of said streams recyclable waste (26) and non-recyclable waste, the third sub-step E63 being carried out at the end of the second sub-step E62. 16 - Treatment method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, prior to step E1, the method comprises a step E7 of opening bags (24), of the plastic trash bag type, in which bags (24) is contained the waste mixture (2), in order to release said waste mixture (2) from said bags (24) to carry out step E1. 17 - Installation for processing a mixture of waste (2), the latter being of heterogeneous sizes, shapes and consistencies, a non-negligible portion of the mass of the waste mixture (2) being formed by biodegradable waste, and a non-negligible portion of the mass of the mixture being formed by non-biodegradable recyclable waste (26), the treatment installation being characterized in that it comprises: - a sorting machine (1), making it possible to separate the mixture of waste (2) into a first fraction of waste (13) whose size is less than about 180 mm, preferably less than 140 mm by means of a first series of separation orifices (7,8), said first series of separation orifices (7,8) comprising primary orifices (7) and secondary orifices (8) the size of which is greater than the size of the primary orifices (7) so that the waste mixture (2) is first brought into contact with the secondary orifices then with the primary orifices (7), and in a second residual fraction of waste (14), - a composting facility allowing the first fraction of waste (13) to undergo a composting process so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste it contains. 18 Treatment installation according to claim 17 characterized in that the secondary orifices (8) have a size suitable for authorizing the passage of waste whose size is between 1 and 1.5 times the size of the waste whose passage is authorized through the primary orifices (7), the secondary orifices (8) being arranged upstream of the primary orifices (7) in consideration of the direction of circulation of the waste mixture (2). 19 - Treatment installation according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the sorting machine (1) comprises at least: a first trommel section (3), provided with a first partition wall (5) extending over a first axial length (L1) and being provided with a first series of through-hole separation holes (7, 8) allowing separating the waste mixture (2) into a first fraction of waste (13) passing through said first separation wall (5) via the first series of separation orifices (7, 8) and into a second fraction residual waste (14), the waste mixture (2) being intended to circulate along said first wall to be thus separated, and - a second trommel section (4), provided with a second partition wall (6) extending over a second axial length (L2) less than the first length, said second partition wall (6) being provided with a second series of through separation orifices (9) making it possible to separate the second residual fraction of waste (14) into a sub-fraction of small waste (15) crossing said second separation wall (6) via said second series of separation orifices (9) and into a residual large waste sub-fraction (16), the large waste sub-fraction (16) being formed by waste the size of which is greater than .the sub-fraction small waste (15), the second residual fraction of waste (14) being intended to circulate along said second wall to be thus separated. 20 - Treatment installation according to any one of claims 17 or 18 or 19, characterized in that the composting installation comprises: - at least a first composting berry (3C) allowing the first fraction of waste (13) to undergo a first composting cycle so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste from said first waste fraction (13), and to obtain a mixture of precomposted waste (2),. at least one drying rack (2C) of the mixture of precomposted waste (2), making it possible to obtain a mixture of dry waste (2), - means for separating the mixture of waste (2) dried at least into a portion of heavy waste (25) and a portion of light waste, the portion of heavy waste (25) being substantially formed by waste of higher density that the waste from the light waste portion, - at least a second composting berry (3C) allowing a portion of light waste to be subjected to a second composting cycle so as to at least partially compost the biodegradable waste it contains, and to obtain a mixture of refined waste (28). 21 - Treatment installation according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises means for adding, to the second residual fraction of waste (14), the portion of heavy waste (25) separated the means of separation of the composting facility. 22- Treatment installation according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that it comprises at least one automatic sorting line of 5 wastes from a small waste sub-fraction (15) of the second residual fraction of waste (14), and at least one line for manual sorting of a sub-fraction of large waste from the second residual fraction of waste (14), the subtraction of large waste being formed by waste whose size is greater than the small waste sub-fraction (15), the sorting lines making it possible to separate 10 recyclable waste (26) from the second residual waste fraction (14), as well as non-recyclable waste. 23 - Treatment installation according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises an installation for manufacturing solid recovery fuel from non-recyclable waste separated using sorting lines.