CN111872078B - Efficient garbage sterilization and disinfection classification treatment method - Google Patents
Efficient garbage sterilization and disinfection classification treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111872078B CN111872078B CN202010904116.3A CN202010904116A CN111872078B CN 111872078 B CN111872078 B CN 111872078B CN 202010904116 A CN202010904116 A CN 202010904116A CN 111872078 B CN111872078 B CN 111872078B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling, in particular to a high-efficiency garbage sterilization and disinfection classification treatment method, which comprises the following steps: conveying the bagged garbage to a vibrating screen arranged in a draining tank for vibrating draining treatment, and simultaneously stirring by using high-temperature bag-breaking stirring equipment; hammering and crushing the garbage subjected to vibration draining treatment, and screening relatively heavy garbage and relatively light garbage; screening relatively heavy garbage to obtain ferromagnetic substances and non-ferromagnetic substances, and screening the non-ferromagnetic substances to obtain tough garbage, brittle garbage and rigid garbage; combining the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage, and separating the dry tough garbage and the wet tough garbage; incinerating the dry tough garbage; the wet tough garbage is used for preparing organic fermented fertilizer; the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage are used for firing into the building brick. The method realizes the harmless treatment of the garbage, does not cause pollution to the environment in the whole process, and realizes a sustainable circulation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling, in particular to a high-efficiency garbage sterilization and disinfection classification treatment method.
Background
At present, the annual output of domestic garbage in China is about 1.5 hundred million tons, and the annual output is increased by 8 percent, and the annual inventory of domestic garbage reaches 60 hundred million tons, thus occupying a large amount of land resources. It is estimated that about two thirds of 668 cities in our country are in a junk enclosure.
Municipal waste can generally be divided into four categories: can recover garbage, kitchen garbage, harmful garbage and other garbage.
The traditional municipal refuse treatment methods comprise three methods of landfill, composting and incineration, wherein the two methods of landfill and composting occupy larger fields and cause environmental pollution. The landfill method is to transport the garbage to a landfill site for landfill. Although the method is simpler, the transportation cost is higher, and the occupied space is more; moreover, the landfill garbage must be strictly treated to prevent explosion and combustion and prevent the pollution of the garbage sewage to underground water sources. The composting method is that the garbage is screened properly, the building garbage mixed in the garbage, such as stone, brick and other sundries, is buried, the organic matters in the household garbage are piled up and naturally fermented, and corresponding components are added according to the requirement to make the household garbage become organic fertilizer for crops to utilize, so that the waste is utilized. Because the whole process is natural fermentation, the effect is greatly influenced by the outside such as weather, temperature and the like, the fermentation degree is difficult to control, more fields are occupied, and the fermentation fields are easy to become the breeding fields of mosquitoes, flies and rats. The simple burning method uses domestic garbage as fuel and adopts discontinuous feeding and periodic slag discharge. The method has long incineration period, no waste heat utilization, no corresponding flue gas deacidification and dust removal environmental protection process, and easy environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient garbage sterilization and disinfection classification treatment method, so that harmless treatment of garbage is realized, garbage combustion waste heat is adopted to perform high-temperature sterilization and disinfection treatment on the garbage at least twice in the whole process, no pollution is caused to the environment, a sustainable circulation system is realized, and the method is in line with the domestic urban garbage treatment method.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided an efficient garbage sterilization and disinfection classification processing method, comprising the steps of:
conveying bagged garbage to a vibrating screen arranged in a draining tank for vibration draining treatment for at least 30 minutes, and stirring by using high-temperature bag-breaking stirring equipment in the vibration draining treatment process; the high-temperature bag breaking and stirring equipment also comprises a cover body which is detachably buckled above the draining tank; the upper end of the driving rod is rotatably arranged on the lower end surface of the cover body, and the lower end of the driving rod extends downwards to the position above the vibrating screen of the draining tank; the handle part of the stirring cutting fork is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the driving rod, and the lower end of the stirring cutting fork is branched into a plurality of flaky bodies which extend downwards; two sides of the plurality of flaky bodies are knife edges; a gas conveying cavity is formed in the driving rod and the stirring cutting fork; the air holes are uniformly distributed on the plurality of sheet-shaped bodies and communicated with the air conveying cavity; the vibrating screen also comprises a screen I and a screen II which are distributed up and down, wherein the mesh diameter of the screen I is larger than that of the screen II, and the mesh diameter of the screen II is less than or equal to 10 mm; the draining tank also comprises a water outlet which is arranged at the bottom of the draining tank;
secondly, hammering and crushing the garbage subjected to vibration draining treatment by a hammering assembly until the volume of the garbage is less than 30cm3Then screening out relatively heavy garbage and relatively light garbage through a screening component I; the screening component I also comprises a layering screen and a separating screen which are arranged in an end-to-end connection manner; a pair of driving side walls extending along the length direction of the layered screen and the separating screen and arranged at two sides of the layered screen and the separating screen, the lower end edges of the pair of driving side walls are connected with the two side edges of the layered screen, and the rest edges of the pair of driving side walls and the two side edges of the separating screen are arranged betweenThe two long strip-shaped leakage outlets are arranged at a certain distance to form a pair of long strip-shaped leakage outlets between the edges of the rest parts of the pair of driving side walls and the edges of the two sides of the separating screen, and the width of the long strip-shaped leakage outlets is gradually reduced; the opening of the collecting tank is upwards arranged below the separating screen, the width of the collecting tank is more than 2 times of the width of the separating screen, and the height of the side wall of the collecting tank is higher than that of the pair of strip-shaped leakage outlets; the hammering assembly comprises a crushing bin which is an obliquely arranged cylindrical bin body, and the diameter of the cross section of the crushing bin is gradually reduced from the upper end to the lower end; the crushing assembly comprises a rotary shaft which is rotatably arranged on the central line of the crushing bin; the tail ends of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers are pivoted on the rotating shaft, the hammer ends of the plurality of breaking hammers are freely arranged vertically, the diameter of the cross section of the breaking bin is gradually reduced, and the length of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers is correspondingly shortened; the opening at the lower end of the temporary garbage storage bin is arranged over against the opening at the upper end of the crushing bin; the lower end of the garbage conveying belt is communicated to the bottom of the crushing bin, and the upper end of the garbage conveying belt extends to the feeding hole in the upper end of the temporary garbage storage bin; the infrared scanner is arranged on the garbage conveying belt, and the scanning range of the scanning end of the infrared scanner covers the garbage conveying belt;
screening the heavy garbage by magnetic separation equipment to obtain ferromagnetic substances and non-ferromagnetic substances, and screening the non-ferromagnetic substances to obtain tough garbage, brittle garbage and rigid garbage;
combining the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage, and then performing low-temperature blowing and screening treatment on the combined light garbage and tough garbage through a screening component II to separate out dry tough garbage and wet tough garbage; the screening component II comprises a spiral separation pipe; the garbage inlet is formed in the side wall of the middle of the spiral separation pipe; the high-pressure gas blowing inlet is arranged below the garbage inlet and is arranged close to the garbage inlet;
fifthly, feeding the dry tough garbage into an incinerator for incineration treatment, collecting incinerator flue gas, feeding the collected incinerator flue gas into the high-temperature bag breaking stirring equipment in the first step, collecting the flue gas discharged from the high-temperature bag breaking stirring equipment, and then pressurizing and blowing the flue gas into a screening component II for low-temperature screen blowing treatment;
step six, manually picking up residual artificial garbage in the wet tough garbage, sterilizing at high temperature, disinfecting, crushing, and then preparing the organic fermented fertilizer; and
and seventhly, sterilizing and disinfecting the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage at high temperature, respectively crushing the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage, mixing the crushed rigid garbage and brittle garbage with the ash obtained by incineration in the step five and the additive for the building according to a proportion, compressing and burning to prepare the building brick.
Preferably, in the first step, the gas temperature in the gas delivery cavity is 145-170 ℃, and the stirring treatment time is at least 15 min.
Preferably, the plurality of sheets are spirally distributed, the length of the plurality of sheets spirally distributed gradually increases, the length difference between two adjacent sheets is 3-5cm, and the distance between the tip of the sheet with the longest length among the plurality of sheets and the vibrating screen is less than or equal to 5 cm.
Preferably, the draining tank further comprises:
the garbage outlet I and the garbage outlet II are respectively arranged on the side wall of the draining tank, and the lower edges of the garbage outlet I and the garbage outlet II are respectively abutted against the first side edge of the screen I and the first side edge of the screen II;
the first side border that screen cloth I used screen cloth I is the rotatable setting of axle, and screen cloth II uses the first side border of screen cloth II as the rotatable setting of axle, and the rotation angle of screen cloth I and screen cloth II for the cross section in waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond is greater than 40 degrees.
Preferably, the maximum width of any elongated outlet of the pair of elongated outlets is less than 1/2 mm of the thickness of the waste on screen assembly I and the minimum width of any elongated outlet is less than 1/5 mm of the thickness of the waste on screen assembly I.
Preferably, in the third step, the heavy garbage is hammered and crushed by the hammering assembly, so that the fragile garbage in the heavy garbage is crushed into particles with the particle size of less than 4 cm; then, sieving the heavy garbage to separate out fragile garbage;
and then rolling the heavy garbage without the brittle garbage by a roller with hooks uniformly distributed on the surface to separate the tough garbage.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the gas blown out from the screening assembly II is collected, subjected to dioxin removal and deodorization treatment, and then discharged into the atmosphere.
Preferably, the temperature of the gas for low-temperature blowing and screening treatment is 50-80 ℃, and the wind pressure for low-temperature blowing and screening treatment is less than or equal to 0.2KN/m2. Preferably, in the seventh step, the ratio of the rigid garbage to the brittle garbage to the ash obtained by incineration in the fifth step is 3:2:1-4:2:1, the total addition amount of the rigid garbage, the brittle garbage and the ash in the building brick is less than or equal to 20%, and the additive for building is cement, concrete, clay or fiber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
blowing the bagged garbage at high temperature and performing bag breaking treatment, so that on one hand, the garbage can be subjected to primary sterilization and disinfection treatment, and on the other hand, the biomass organic garbage can be subjected to simple cutting, crushing, screening and leaching of sewage in the kitchen garbage; the drained sewage enters a sewage treatment tank for sedimentation treatment; in the vibration draining process, small granular residues of kitchen garbage can be removed; the screen I is used for filtering kitchen garbage and the like flowing along with sewage, and the screen II is used for intercepting the kitchen garbage and filtering the sewage;
the screening assembly I is used for carrying out layered screening vibration treatment on the relatively heavy garbage to be concentrated on a lower layer, the relatively light garbage to be concentrated on an upper layer, and then when the relatively heavy garbage passes through the separating screen, the relatively heavy garbage on the lower layer is leaked out of the pair of strip-shaped leakage openings and falls into the collecting tank through a left-right shaking vibration method, so that simple and rapid sorting is realized, the width of the pair of strip-shaped leakage openings is gradually reduced, and the relatively light garbage with the relatively heavy garbage removed is prevented from falling out of the pair of strip-shaped leakage openings;
the waste such as iron and button batteries are removed by magnetic separation equipment and recycled; then sieving the non-magnetic objects, wherein in the hammering and crushing process, fragile and brittle garbage can be hammered into irregular particles, such as glass, deteriorated leather, hard plastic and the like, and the fragile garbage can be separated out through sieving; the tough garbage is generally artificial fabric, garden waste and the like, and is generally only deformed to a certain extent in the hammering process due to high toughness, so that the tough garbage cannot be broken into particles, and can be manually picked and separated after being vibrated to the upper layer of the garbage by a vibrating screen; and rigid waste, such as: materials such as aluminum, alloy, building stones, bricks and the like have certain brittleness relative to tough garbage, but are generally not easy to be broken into smaller particles, but the specific gravity of the materials is generally higher than that of the tough garbage, so that after the materials are vibrated by a vibrating screen, the tough garbage is generally distributed on the upper layer, the rigid garbage is generally distributed on the lower layer, and the rigid garbage is remained after the tough garbage is manually picked and separated;
the high-pressure gas blowing inlet is arranged below the garbage inlet, light garbage such as paper sheets, plastics or foaming materials and the like can fly out of the upper part of the spiral separating pipe under the blowing of the high-pressure gas, and relatively heavy waste fabrics, garden wastes and the like fall into the collecting tank connected with the lower end of the spiral separating pipe under the action of gravity;
the wet tough garbage obtained after sorting is generally organic matters such as large kitchen garbage, garden waste and the like, so that the wet tough garbage is recycled and used for organic fermented fertilizer, and the waste of organic resources is avoided; the sorted artificial garbage can be sent into an incinerator along with dry and tough garbage for incineration treatment;
rigid garbage and brittle garbage are crushed together to be made into building bricks which are completely consumed without garbage residue.
In conclusion, in the harmless treatment system for the municipal solid waste, the whole process of waste treatment is pollution-free and discharges; the garbage treatment cycle is short, the system structure is reasonable, the garbage classification treatment effect is good, the garbage recycling is facilitated, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the garbage classification treatment system is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for efficient sterilization and disinfection of garbage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a draining basin, a vibrating screen and a high-temperature bag-breaking stirring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-temperature bag-breaking stirring apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a hammer assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of screen assembly I according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a draining pond and a screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of screen assembly ii according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a draining basin and a vibrating screen according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, an efficient garbage sterilization and disinfection classification method includes the following steps:
conveying bagged garbage to a vibrating screen arranged in a draining tank for vibration draining treatment for at least 30 minutes, and stirring by using high-temperature bag-breaking stirring equipment 60 in the vibration draining treatment process; as shown in fig. 2-3, the high-temperature bag-breaking stirring device further comprises a cover 601 detachably fastened above the draining basin; the upper end of the driving rod 602 is rotatably arranged on the lower end face of the cover body, and the lower end of the driving rod extends downwards to the position above the vibrating screen of the draining tank; the motor 603 drives the driving rod to rotate, a vent valve 606 for conveying hot air is arranged on the cover body, the upper end of the driving rod is rotatably arranged on the annular vent valve, and the driving rod is provided with a plurality of air inlets for conveying the air entering from the annular vent valve to the air conveying cavity through the plurality of air inlets and finally blowing the air into the garbage through the plurality of air holes; a stirring cutting fork 604, the handle part of which is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the driving rod, and the lower end of the stirring cutting fork is branched into a plurality of sheet-shaped bodies 6041 which extend downwards; two sides of the plurality of flaky bodies are knife edges; a gas conveying cavity 605 is formed in the driving rod and the stirring cutting fork; the air holes are uniformly distributed on the plurality of sheet-shaped bodies and communicated with the air conveying cavity; the screen also comprises a screen I101 and a screen II 102 which are distributed up and down, the mesh diameter of the screen I is larger than that of the screen II, the mesh diameter of the screen II is less than or equal to 10mm, and the mesh diameter of the screen I is less than or equal to 10 cm. For example, the aperture of the sieve pore is 10cm, 8cm, 6cm, 4cm, 3cm, 1cm, 0.5cm and the like; the draining tank also comprises a water outlet 103 which is arranged at the bottom of the draining tank; blowing the bagged garbage at high temperature and performing bag breaking treatment, so that on one hand, the garbage can be subjected to primary sterilization and disinfection treatment, and on the other hand, the biomass organic garbage can be subjected to simple cutting, crushing, screening and leaching of sewage in the kitchen garbage; the drained sewage enters a sewage treatment tank for sedimentation treatment; in the vibration draining process, small granular residues of kitchen garbage can be removed; the screen I is used for filtering kitchen garbage and the like flowing along with sewage, and the screen II is used for intercepting the kitchen garbage and filtering the sewage;
secondly, hammering and crushing the garbage subjected to vibration draining treatment by using a hammering assembly 70 until the volume of the garbage is less than 30cm3Then screening out relatively heavy garbage and relatively light garbage through a screening component I; as shown in fig. 4, the hammering assembly includes a crushing bin 701, which is an obliquely arranged cylindrical bin body, and the diameter of the cross section of the crushing bin is gradually reduced from the upper end to the lower end; a crushing assembly 702 comprising a rotatable shaft 7021 rotatably disposed on the crushing bin centerline; the tail ends of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers 7022 are pivoted on the rotating shaft, the hammer ends of the plurality of breaking hammers freely hang down and the diameters of the cross sections of the breaking bins gradually decrease, so that the lengths of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers are correspondingly shortened; the lower end of the temporary garbage storage bin 703 is provided with a first feed opening 7031 and a second feed opening 7032 which can be opened and closed, and the first feed opening is arranged opposite to the opening at the upper end of the crushing bin; second feed openingThe feeding hole opposite to the screening component I is formed; the lower end of the garbage conveying belt 704 is communicated to the bottom of the crushing bin, and the upper end of the garbage conveying belt extends to the feeding hole at the upper end of the garbage temporary storage bin; the infrared scanner 705 is arranged on the garbage conveying belt, and the scanning range of the scanning end of the infrared scanner covers the garbage conveying belt; the garbage needing to be hammered and crushed is discharged to the crushing bin through a first discharging opening of the temporary garbage storage bin, the obliquely arranged crushing bin can enable the garbage to move downwards under the action of gravity, a plurality of crushing hammers continuously hammer the passing garbage under the driving of a rotating shaft, so that large garbage is hammered into small garbage gradually, the large garbage can be scanned into small garbage when passing through an infrared scanner, the size of the garbage can be scanned if the garbage does not reach the standard, the hammering and crushing treatment is continuously and circularly performed, if the garbage reaches the standard after one cycle, the first discharging opening is closed, and meanwhile, a second discharging opening is opened, the garbage can be discharged to the screening assembly I from the temporary garbage storage bin;
as shown in FIG. 5, screen assembly I20 includes a layered screen 201 and a separating screen 202 arranged end to end; a pair of driving side walls 203 which extend along the length direction of the layered screen and the separating screen and are arranged at two sides of the layered screen and the separating screen, the lower end edges of the pair of driving side walls are connected with the edges at two sides of the layered screen, the edges of the rest parts of the pair of driving side walls and the edges at two sides of the separating screen are arranged at a certain distance, so that a pair of strip-shaped leakage outlets 204 are formed between the edges of the rest parts of the pair of driving side walls and the edges at two sides of the separating screen, and the width of the pair of strip-shaped leakage outlets is gradually reduced; the opening of the collecting tank 205 is upward and is arranged below the separating screen, the width of the collecting tank is more than 2 times of the width of the separating screen, and the height of the side wall of the collecting tank is higher than that of the pair of strip-shaped leaking outlets; firstly, the relatively heavy garbage is concentrated on the lower layer and the relatively light garbage is concentrated on the upper layer through the layered screen vibration treatment of the screening component I, then when the relatively heavy garbage passes through the separating screen, the relatively heavy garbage on the lower layer is leaked out of the pair of strip-shaped leakage openings and falls into the collecting tank through a left-right shaking vibration method, the simple and quick separation is realized, the width of the pair of strip-shaped leakage openings is gradually reduced, and the relatively light garbage without the relatively heavy garbage falls out of the pair of strip-shaped leakage openings;
screening the heavy garbage by magnetic separation equipment to obtain ferromagnetic substances and non-ferromagnetic substances, and screening the non-ferromagnetic substances to obtain tough garbage, brittle garbage and rigid garbage; the waste such as iron and button batteries are removed by magnetic separation equipment and recycled; then screening the non-magnetic objects, wherein in the hammering and crushing process in the second step, fragile and brittle garbage can be hammered into irregular particles, such as glass, deteriorated leather, hard plastic and the like, and the fragile garbage can be separated out through screening; the tough garbage is generally artificial fabric, garden waste and the like, and is generally only deformed to a certain extent in the hammering process due to high toughness, so that the tough garbage cannot be broken into particles, and can be manually picked and separated after being vibrated to the upper layer of the garbage by a vibrating screen; and rigid waste, such as: materials such as aluminum, alloy, building stones, bricks and the like have certain brittleness relative to tough garbage, but are generally not easy to be broken into smaller particles, but the specific gravity of the materials is generally higher than that of the tough garbage, so that after the materials are vibrated by a vibrating screen, the tough garbage is generally distributed on the upper layer, the rigid garbage is generally distributed on the lower layer, and the rigid garbage is remained after the tough garbage is manually picked and separated;
combining the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage, and then performing low-temperature blowing and screening treatment on the combined light garbage and tough garbage through a screening component II to separate out dry tough garbage and wet tough garbage; as shown in FIG. 6, screen assembly II includes a spiral separation tube 30; a garbage inlet 301 opened on a side wall of a middle portion of the spiral separation pipe; a high-pressure gas blowing inlet 302 which is arranged below the garbage inlet and is arranged close to the garbage inlet; the high-pressure gas blowing inlet is arranged below the garbage inlet, light garbage such as paper sheets, plastics or foaming materials and the like can fly out from the upper part of the spiral separating pipe under the blowing of the high-pressure gas, and relatively heavy waste fabrics, garden wastes and the like fall into the collecting tank 40 connected with the lower end of the spiral separating pipe under the action of gravity; in practical application, as shown in fig. 7, a garbage leading-out barrel 50 with an inverted funnel-shaped structure may be further provided, a lower end of the garbage leading-out barrel is connected to an upper end of the spiral separation pipe, and a maximum diameter of the lower end of the garbage leading-out barrel is smaller than a cross-sectional diameter of the spiral separation pipe. The diameter of the lower end of the garbage leading-out barrel is smaller than the diameter of the cross section of the spiral separation pipe, the connection position of the garbage leading-out barrel and the spiral separation pipe is in arc transition connection, when light garbage flies to the connection position, certain collision can occur, and relatively heavy garbage can fall into the spiral separation pipe, so that the light garbage can be further effectively separated;
fifthly, feeding the dry tough garbage into an incinerator for incineration treatment, collecting incinerator flue gas, feeding the collected incinerator flue gas into the high-temperature bag breaking stirring equipment in the first step, collecting the flue gas discharged from the high-temperature bag breaking stirring equipment, and then pressurizing and blowing the flue gas into a screening component II for low-temperature screen blowing treatment; the heat energy obtained by burning the dry and tough garbage is fully utilized to carry out sterilization, disinfection and bag shrinkage treatment on the bagged garbage; furthermore, the recovered flue gas is used for secondary screening treatment of the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage in the screening component II, so that waste of heat energy is avoided;
step six, manually picking up residual artificial garbage in the wet tough garbage, sterilizing at high temperature, disinfecting, crushing, and then preparing the organic fermented fertilizer; the wet tough garbage obtained after sorting is generally organic matters such as large kitchen garbage, garden waste and the like, so that the wet tough garbage is recycled and used for organic fermented fertilizer, and the waste of organic resources is avoided; the sorted artificial garbage can be sent into an incinerator along with dry and tough garbage for incineration treatment; and
and seventhly, sterilizing and disinfecting the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage at high temperature, respectively crushing the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage, mixing the crushed rigid garbage and brittle garbage with the ash obtained by incineration in the step five and the additive for the building according to a proportion, compressing and burning to prepare the building brick. And seventhly, crushing the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage together to manufacture the building brick, and completely consuming the building brick.
In conclusion, in the harmless treatment system for the municipal solid waste, the whole process of waste treatment is pollution-free and discharges; the garbage treatment cycle is short, the system structure is reasonable, the garbage classification treatment effect is good, the garbage recycling is facilitated, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the garbage classification treatment system is suitable for wide popularization and application.
In a preferable scheme, in the first step, the gas temperature in the gas delivery cavity is 145-170 ℃, and the stirring treatment time is at least 15 min.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the plurality of sheets are distributed in a spiral shape, the length of the plurality of sheets distributed in the spiral shape gradually increases, the difference between the lengths of two adjacent sheets is 3-5cm, and the distance between the tip of the sheet with the longest length among the plurality of sheets and the vibrating screen is less than or equal to 5 cm.
In a preferred embodiment, the draining tank further comprises:
as shown in fig. 8, a garbage outlet i 104 and a garbage outlet ii 105 are respectively arranged on the side wall of the draining tank, and the lower edges of the garbage outlet i and the garbage outlet ii respectively abut against the first side edge of the screen i and the first side edge of the screen ii;
the first side border that screen cloth I used screen cloth I is the rotatable setting of axle, and screen cloth II uses the first side border of screen cloth II as the rotatable setting of axle, and the rotation angle of screen cloth I and screen cloth II for the cross section in waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond is greater than 40 degrees. Can set up the hydraulic stem and lift up screen cloth I and screen cloth II, also can set up the lifting hook and lift up the offside border at the first side border of screen cloth I and screen cloth II.
Treat vibrations waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall and handle the back, can rotate screen cloth I and screen cloth II for the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond to make rubbish above that drop out the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond respectively from rubbish export I and rubbish export II, simple structure, convenient and practical.
In a preferred embodiment, the maximum width of any elongated outlet of the pair of elongated outlets is less than 1/2 mm of the thickness of the waste on screen assembly I, and the minimum width of any elongated outlet is less than 1/5 mm of the thickness of the waste on screen assembly I.
In a preferred scheme, in the third step, the heavy garbage is hammered and crushed by the hammering assembly, so that the fragile garbage in the heavy garbage is crushed into particles with the particle size of less than 4 cm; then, sieving the heavy garbage to separate out fragile garbage;
and then rolling the heavy garbage without the brittle garbage by a roller with hooks uniformly distributed on the surface to separate the tough garbage. In the rolling process of the roller, tough garbage, such as plastic films, artificial fabrics and the like, can be hung on the hooks, and then most of the tough garbage is removed.
In a preferable scheme, in the fifth step, the gas blown out from the screening assembly II is collected, subjected to dioxin removal and deodorization treatment and then discharged into the atmosphere.
As shown in FIG. 6, in a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the gas for low-temperature blowing and screening treatment is 50-80 ℃, and the wind pressure for low-temperature blowing and screening treatment is less than or equal to 0.2KN/m2。
In a preferable scheme, in the seventh step, the ratio of the rigid garbage, the brittle garbage and the ash obtained by incineration in the fifth step is 3:2:1-4:2:1, the total addition amount of the rigid garbage, the brittle garbage and the ash in the building brick is less than or equal to 20%, and the additive for building is cement, concrete, clay or fiber. The mixing amount of the incineration ash, the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage in the building brick is controlled while the incineration ash, the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage are recycled, so that the quality of the building brick is ensured.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. An efficient garbage sterilization and disinfection classification treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
conveying bagged garbage to a vibrating screen arranged in a draining tank for vibration draining treatment for at least 30 minutes, and stirring by using high-temperature bag-breaking stirring equipment in the vibration draining treatment process; the high-temperature bag breaking and stirring equipment also comprises a cover body which is detachably buckled above the draining tank; the upper end of the driving rod is rotatably arranged on the lower end surface of the cover body, and the lower end of the driving rod extends downwards to the position above the vibrating screen of the draining tank; the handle part of the stirring cutting fork is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the driving rod, and the lower end of the stirring cutting fork is branched into a plurality of flaky bodies which extend downwards; two sides of the plurality of flaky bodies are knife edges; a gas conveying cavity is formed in the driving rod and the stirring cutting fork; the air holes are uniformly distributed on the plurality of sheet-shaped bodies and communicated with the air conveying cavity; the vibrating screen also comprises a screen I and a screen II which are distributed up and down, wherein the mesh diameter of the screen I is larger than that of the screen II, and the mesh diameter of the screen II is less than or equal to 10 mm; the draining tank also comprises a water outlet which is arranged at the bottom of the draining tank;
secondly, hammering and crushing the garbage subjected to vibration draining treatment by a hammering assembly until the volume of the garbage is less than 30cm3Then screening out relatively heavy garbage and relatively light garbage through a screening component I; the hammering assembly comprises a crushing bin which is an obliquely arranged cylindrical bin body, and the diameter of the cross section of the crushing bin is gradually reduced from the upper end to the lower end; the crushing assembly comprises a rotary shaft which is rotatably arranged on the central line of the crushing bin; the tail ends of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers are pivoted on the rotating shaft, the hammer ends of the plurality of breaking hammers are freely arranged vertically, the diameter of the cross section of the breaking bin is gradually reduced, and the length of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers is correspondingly shortened; the opening at the lower end of the temporary garbage storage bin is arranged over against the opening at the upper end of the crushing bin; the lower end of the garbage conveying belt is communicated to the bottom of the crushing bin, and the upper end of the garbage conveying belt extends to the feeding hole in the upper end of the temporary garbage storage bin; the infrared scanner is arranged on the garbage conveying belt, and the scanning range of the scanning end of the infrared scanner covers the garbage conveying belt; the screening component I comprises a layered screen and a separating screen which are arranged in an end-to-end connection manner; a pair of driving side walls extending along the length direction of the layered screen and the separating screen and arranged at two sides of the layered screen and the separating screen, wherein the lower end edges of the pair of driving side walls are connected with the two side edges of the layered screen, and the rest part edges of the pair of driving side walls are arranged at a certain distance from the two side edges of the separating screen so as to be arranged between the rest part edges of the pair of driving side walls and the two side edges of the separating screenForming a pair of long strip-shaped leakage outlets, wherein the width of the pair of long strip-shaped leakage outlets is gradually reduced; the opening of the collecting tank is upwards arranged below the separating screen, the width of the collecting tank is more than 2 times of the width of the separating screen, and the height of the side wall of the collecting tank is higher than that of the pair of strip-shaped leakage outlets;
screening the heavy garbage by magnetic separation equipment to obtain ferromagnetic substances and non-ferromagnetic substances, and screening the non-ferromagnetic substances to obtain tough garbage, brittle garbage and rigid garbage;
combining the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage, and then performing low-temperature blowing and screening treatment on the combined light garbage and tough garbage through a screening component II to separate out dry tough garbage and wet tough garbage; the screening component II comprises a spiral separation pipe; the garbage inlet is formed in the side wall of the middle of the spiral separation pipe; the high-pressure gas blowing inlet is arranged below the garbage inlet and is arranged close to the garbage inlet;
fifthly, feeding the dry tough garbage into an incinerator for incineration treatment, collecting incinerator flue gas, feeding the collected incinerator flue gas into the high-temperature bag breaking stirring equipment in the first step, collecting the flue gas discharged from the high-temperature bag breaking stirring equipment, and then pressurizing and blowing the flue gas into a screening component II for low-temperature screen blowing treatment;
step six, manually picking up residual artificial garbage in the wet tough garbage, sterilizing at high temperature, disinfecting, crushing, and then preparing the organic fermented fertilizer; and
and seventhly, sterilizing and disinfecting the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage at high temperature, respectively crushing the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage, mixing the crushed rigid garbage and brittle garbage with the ash obtained by incineration in the step five and the additive for the building according to a proportion, compressing and burning to prepare the building brick.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the temperature of the gas in the gas delivery chamber is 145-170 ℃, and the stirring time is at least 15 min.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of sheets are distributed in a spiral shape, the length of the plurality of sheets gradually increases, the difference between the lengths of two adjacent sheets is 3-5cm, and the distance between the tip of the sheet with the longest length and the vibrating screen is less than or equal to 5 cm.
4. The efficient garbage sterilization and disinfection classification method according to claim 1, wherein the draining tank further comprises:
the garbage outlet I and the garbage outlet II are respectively arranged on the side wall of the draining tank, and the lower edges of the garbage outlet I and the garbage outlet II are respectively abutted against the first side edge of the screen I and the first side edge of the screen II;
the first side border that screen cloth I used screen cloth I is the rotatable setting of axle, and screen cloth II uses the first side border of screen cloth II as the rotatable setting of axle, and the rotation angle of screen cloth I and screen cloth II for the cross section in waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond is greater than 40 degrees.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the maximum width of any one of the pair of elongated outlet openings is less than 1/2 of the thickness of the garbage on the screen assembly I, and the minimum width of any one of the elongated outlet openings is less than 1/5 of the thickness of the garbage on the screen assembly I.
6. The efficient garbage sterilization and disinfection classification processing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the heavy garbage is hammered and crushed by the hammering assembly, so that the fragile garbage therein is crushed into particles with a particle size of less than 4 cm; then, sieving the heavy garbage to separate out fragile garbage;
and then rolling the heavy garbage without the brittle garbage by a roller with hooks uniformly distributed on the surface to separate the tough garbage.
7. The method for effectively sterilizing, disinfecting and classifying garbage according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the gas blown out from the screen assembly II is collected, treated for dioxin removal and deodorization, and then discharged into the atmosphere.
8. The method for high-efficiency sterilization, disinfection and classification of garbage according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the gas for low-temperature blowing and screening is 50-80 ℃, and the wind pressure for low-temperature blowing and screening is less than or equal to 0.2KN/m2。
9. The efficient garbage sterilization and disinfection classification treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, the ratio of the rigid garbage, the fragile garbage and the ash obtained by incineration treatment in the fifth step is 3:2:1-4:2:1, the total addition amount of the rigid garbage, the fragile garbage and the ash in the building brick is less than or equal to 20%, and the additive for building is cement, concrete, clay or fiber.
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