Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
  • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
  • C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
  • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
  • C10L1/1886—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof naphthenic acid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
  • C10L1/2431—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium sulfur bond to oxygen, e.g. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10L1/2437—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfonamides, sulfosuccinic acid esters

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a composition and method for reducing flammable creosote and other organic deposits in fireboxes.
• creosote builds up on the walls of the chimney or flue, and can reach dangerous levels if not cleaned on a regular basis.
• transition metals have been shown to catalyze the breakdown of creosote and inhibit the flammability of the material.
• Most of these metals form inorganic salts that are soluble in aqueous solutions, but not in common fire accelerants. Though these metals may be effective in reducing creosote, they are difficult to transport up the flue, necessitating methods such as spraying an aqueous solution containing metals up the flue prior to use.
• U.S. Patent Nos. 2, 141,848 and 3,007,781 disclose soot removers which are soluble in oil for controlling soot in oil burning furnaces, but do not deal with solid fuel which produces deposits fundamentally different from oil.
• the present invention relates to hydrophobic metal additives for combination with a fire accelerant and their use in the ignition of solid fuels and preventing, removing, and/or inhibiting creosote deposits resulting from the burning of solid fuels. Additionally, according to certain embodiments, the compositions may inhibit corrosion of metal flues in addition to creosote deposits.
• the metal salts are added to an accelerant at effective concentrations, the combination delivers the metal catalyst to the lining of the exhaust system upon combustion to effectively breakdown creosote residue and inhibit the buildup of new creosote deposits.
• the metal salts are homogenously dispersed in the accelerant, and do not need to be agitated prior to use. As such, the metals are conveniently and efficiently transported up the flue.
• the present invention provides hydrophobic metal salts which can be combined with a fire accelerant for preventing, inhibiting and/or removing creosote deposits resulting from the burning of solid fuels.
• the present invention combines a metal component which provides creosote control, with organic counterions, such as sulfates, nitrates, acetates, etc. which confer hydrocarbon solubility upon the metal catalyst. Additionally, a subset of these counterions themselves can act as corrosion inhibitors of ferrous and non-ferrous metal exhaust systems. Therefore, according to certain embodiments, the composition may contain a metal salt which has a dual role of creosote and corrosion control. According to an alternate embodiment, the composition combines creosote inhibiting salts with corrosion inhibiting salts.
• the creosote and/or corrosion control additive composition of the present invention comprises a hydrocarbon soluble transition metal salt, having a chemical structure of the formula: wherein X is a transition metal having an ionic charge of +m,
• Preferred transition metals include Mn, Zn, Ti, V, Cr, Fe Co, Ni, and Cu; with Mn being the most preferred.
• Other possible transition metals include, but are not limited to Zr, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ta, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au and Pb.
• Other transition metals may also be possible, as will be understood by one skilled in the art, but the above mentioned are believed to be the most ideal.
• Preferred anions include carboxylate (RCOO ) or sulfonate (RSOs ) hydrocarbons.
• Other possible anionic groups include, but are not limited to phosphonates (RPOa H or RPO3 2 ), sulfmates (RSO2 ), sulfenate (RSO “ ), alkoxides (RO ), sulfides (RS ), amides (of the type RN R), amides (of the type RCON Ri), and acetoacetates (RCOCO2R 2 ).
• RPOa H or RPO3 2 phosphonates
• RSO2 sulfmates
• RSO " sulfenate
• alkoxides RO
• sulfides RS
• amides of the type RN R
• amides of the type RCON Ri
• acetoacetates RCOCO2R 2
• Other anions may also be possible, as will be understood by one skilled in the art, but the above mentioned are
• R and R' can each be a hydrocarbon group which may include H, aliphatic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and hydrocarbon chains containing halogens, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, etc., aromatics and cycles (including heterocycles, carbocycles, etc.) as well as ambiphilic chains (heteroatom containing chains) of suitable organic solubility.
• Creosote control is primarily addressed through the metal component, while the hydrocarbon solubility is provided by the aliphatic anion. Additionally, certain organic anions can also function as corrosion inhibitors. For a list of organic anions known to be efficient corrosion inhibitors for a wide variety of metals see "Corrosion Inhibitors - An Industrial Guide” 2nd Edition; Flick, Ernest W. ® 1993 William Andrew Publishing/Noyes). Calcium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate is one example of an oil-soluble organic counterion suitable for both ferrous and non- ferrous applications. The mechanism of inhibition for any single corrosion inhibitor is almost certainly a complex set of multiple pathways resulting in the macroscopic effect of corrosion inhibition.
• organic sulfates, acetates and nitrates form a passivation layer which inhibits the oxidation or reduction portion of the redox corrosion system (system dependent) and buffers the pH of the system thereby preventing proton reduction.
• the organic solubilizing characteristics of the counterion also allow diffusion into the organic creosote deposits providing access to the underlying metal exhaust system.
• the metal salts may be effective when added to the accelerant at a concentration of above approximately 0.01 % (w/v).
• the salts are added to the accelerant at concentration of between approximately 0.1-25 % (w/v) and more preferably at approximately 1-5 % (w/v).
• the fire accelerant which can include any commercially available accelerant, is preferably composed of saturated hydrocarbons that may be a mixture of branched, straight chain or saturated cyclic structures whose flash point is around 74 ° C (165 0 F). For typical application in solid fuel fire starting, approximately 1-5 ounces of the composition of the invention is applied to the solid fuel prior to ignition.
• a first embodiment of the invention is a hydrocarbon-soluble creosote inhibitor composition, comprising a hydrocarbon-soluble manganese salt being diluted with a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons to form an additive mixture having flammability characteristics for ignition of solid fuels in which said composition includes about:
• a second embodiment of the invention is a hydrocarbon-soluble creosote and corrosion inhibitor composition, comprising a hydrocarbon-soluble manganese dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate salt being diluted with a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons to form an additive mixture having the flammability characteristics for ignition of solid fuels in which said composition includes about:
• dinonylnaphthalene could first be prepared by aluminum chloride-catalyzed alkylation at 60 ° C using fractionally distilled 1- ⁇ -nonenes derived from trimerization of propylene. A heart cut of the dinonylnaphthalene fraction could then be sulfonated with Sulfan B at -8 °C and titrated to neutralization with sodium hydroxide.
• a third embodiment of the invention is a hydrocarbon-soluble creosote and corrosion inhibitor composition, comprising a creosote inhibiting hydrocarbon- soluble Manganese 2-ethylhexanoate salt and a corrosion inhibiting sulfonate salt being diluted with a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons to form an additive mixture having flammability characteristics for ignition of solid fuels in which said composition includes about: Manganese 2-ethylhexanoate 2% (w/v)
• the metal salts are mixed into the accelerant until homogenously dispersed. Once evenly dispersed, the compositions need not be agitated prior to use.
• the inventive composition was field tested using wood-burning devices containing steel flues with no adverse effects in performance.
• Identical wood- burning stoves were constructed and fitted with identical steel stove-pipe flues. The stoves were fueled with equal quantities of wood continuously over a period of at least twelve days.
• the first "control" stove was treated with 1-2 ounces of Drakesol 165TM every 24 hour period.
• the second competing stove was treated with 1-2 ounces of Drakesol 165TM containing manganese 2-ethylhexanoate (1 % w/v) every 24 hours. After a twelve day period, the stove pipe sections were removed and analyzed.
• the manganese treated stove pipe was 20% lighter than the control stove pipe, and contained ⁇ 50% the creosote.
• creosote present on the control stove pipe was instantly ignited (thereby causing a controlled chimney fire) using a butane/air flame (— 1200 0 C), while the manganese treated creosote was incapable of ignition even after long exposure (60 seconds) to the same flame source.
• the formulation proved efficacious down to 0.1 % w/v manganese, lower concentrations should also be viable.
• the system and compositions of the present invention may be used with any common solid fuel burning systems including, but not limited to, wood, charcoal, peat, coal, and pellets made from wood, corn, wheat, rye and other grains. Furthermore, the invention can be useful for treating creosote deposits in any kind of flue including masonry and metal.
• the composition can further be used to periodically clean or reduce combustibility of a flue system where solid fuel is regularly burned.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Prevention Of Fouling (AREA)
• Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-09-12 WO PCT/US2008/010654 patent/WO2009035658A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2008-09-12 EP EP08831100A patent/EP2197992A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-09-12 JP JP2010524869A patent/JP2010539281A/ja active Pending

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