EP2197684A1 - Verfahren zur lasermarkierung eines polymermaterials - Google Patents
Verfahren zur lasermarkierung eines polymermaterialsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2197684A1 EP2197684A1 EP08839875A EP08839875A EP2197684A1 EP 2197684 A1 EP2197684 A1 EP 2197684A1 EP 08839875 A EP08839875 A EP 08839875A EP 08839875 A EP08839875 A EP 08839875A EP 2197684 A1 EP2197684 A1 EP 2197684A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nanoparticles
- laser
- polymer material
- sensitive component
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
- B41M5/267—Marking of plastic artifacts, e.g. with laser
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for laser marking a polymer material.
- the laser marking of polymer materials is a preferred method for providing these materials with a permanent and precise marking or marking.
- the polymer materials to be marked here are both plastic moldings of various types and also coatings or coatings of articles.
- the laser marking methods for polymer materials described in the prior art are in principle based on the fact that the interaction of the laser light with the polymer matrix itself or with a laser-sensitive additive results in a high input of thermal energy into the polymer material. As a result of this energy input, pyrolysis, carbonation, foaming or ablation of the material, i. a macroscopic structural change of the polymer matrix, in the areas acted upon by laser light, which is then visually perceptible as a label.
- EP 0 469 982 A2 describes a method for the laser marking of thermoplastics, wherein the action of the laser the air or moisture contained in the polymer matrix expands and thereby the material is foamed.
- the laser marking thus results in a considerable change in the structure of the matrix of the polymer material, which in many cases loses its desired properties at the marked locations.
- complete removal and / or reduction of durability may occur. Therefore, in a number of applications where the integrity of the surface of the article to be marked is important, such processes are not applicable.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for the laser marking of a polymer material, in which the aforementioned disadvantages of the methods known from the prior art are avoided.
- nanoparticles and / or one or more nanosheets are provided in, under and / or on the polymer material, and wherein the nanoparticles and / or nanosheet (s) comprise at least one laser-sensitive component;
- the optical impression of the polymer material in the selected region changes, and thus to a visible marking, without this having an effect
- a physical structural change is understood, for example, to mean evaporation and / or atomization of the laser-sensitive component.
- the method according to the invention thus offers the advantageous possibility of marking a polymer material by means of a laser without adversely affecting its mechanical properties, which may be present in a protective or barrier function.
- the initial surface finish of the polymeric material e.g. whose roughness, are maintained.
- markings that can be generated by the method according to the invention.
- markings with different brightnesses and / or color impressions can be produced.
- markings with a stepless contrast are possible, in particular by varying the intensity of the applied laser light, as a result of which the extent of the structure modification of the laser-sensitive component can be influenced.
- the inventive method is thus suitable for a variety of applications and types of markings, such. As labels, symbolic or graphic markers, etc.
- a laser marking of the polymer material without significant change in the properties of Being able to produce polymer matrix is based inter alia on the corresponding dimensions of the nanoparticles and / or nanosheet (s) provided.
- these particles and / or layer (s) can have a relatively low mass in relation to the polymer material, and relatively low intensities of the laser light are already sufficient to bring about the physical structure change of the laser-sensitive component. Due to these low intensities, in particular pyrolysis, foaming or ablation of the polymer material can be largely avoided.
- nanoparticles or nanosheets are understood as meaning, in particular, those particles or layers which have an average dimension of less than approximately 1000 nm in at least one dimension.
- Various types of nanoparticles and nanosheets that can be used are explained below.
- the polymer material comprises nanoparticles. It is particularly advantageous if the nanoparticles are distributed essentially homogeneously in the polymer material. In this case, the polymer material forms a matrix receiving the nanoparticles.
- the modification according to the invention of the physical structure of the laser-sensitive component of the nanoparticles changes the visual impression of the polymer material which is co-determined by the nanoparticles distributed therein, as a result of which the marking according to the invention is produced in the corresponding region.
- the small dimensions of nanoparticles make it possible to carry out the process according to the invention with relatively low laser intensities, ie with a relatively low energy input into the polymer material.
- the nanoparticles used preferably have in at least one dimension an average dimension of about 400 nm or less, preferably from about 5 to about 300 nm, more preferably from about 10 to about 200 nm, most preferably from about 50 to about 100 nm. In order to achieve the stated advantages, it is sufficient if the nanoparticles have a dimension in the nanometer range in only one or two dimensions.
- the nanoparticles In order for the nanoparticles to be sufficiently visible and their modification to result in a perceptible change in the optical impression of the polymer material, it is particularly advantageous if the nanoparticles have an average dimension of approximately 100 nm or more in at least one dimension. Particularly preferred in this regard are average dimensions of about 5 to about 500 microns, most preferably from about 25 to about 100 microns. Nanoparticles in this size range cause a clear optical effect.
- nanoparticles may be in the form of platelets, needles, fibers, solid or hollow spheres or the like, or mixtures thereof. If the nanoparticles are present as platelets (flaps), for example, they preferably have a thickness in the nanometer range and, moreover, dimensions in the micrometer range, corresponding to the above-mentioned preferred size ranges.
- the nanoparticles comprise at least one laser-sensitive component, which has not yet been discussed in detail.
- a laser-sensitive component here is to be understood as meaning any material which is capable of interacting with laser light, in particular of absorbing it, such that, as a consequence of this interaction, the physical structure of the material is at least partially modified.
- a variety of such materials are known and can be used in the context of the present invention, depending on the type of laser-sensitive component ⁇ ) must be used in part laser light with different wavelengths and / or intensities.
- the nanoparticles are substantially completely composed of a laser-sensitive component. det. Nanoparticles with such a substantially homogeneous structure are easy to produce.
- the nanoparticles are at least partially vaporized and / or atomized by the action of the laser light.
- Such vaporization or sputtering of the nanoparticles contained in the polymer material leads to a marked change in the visual impression in the relevant area by destroying the previously visible nanoparticles without, as stated above, adversely affecting the properties of the polymer matrix ,
- the laser-sensitive component preferably comprises one or more metals, alloys or mixtures thereof.
- the selection of the laser-sensitive component in particular its influence on the desired appearance (color, brightness, reflection properties, etc.) of the polymer material can be taken into account.
- Metals for use as a laser-sensitive component are preferably selected from aluminum, chromium, zinc, nickel, magnesium, tin, lead, copper, silver, gold, iron, stainless steel, iridium, vanadium, cadmium, titanium and platinum.
- the nanoparticles comprise a core component and an at least partially coating of a laser-sensitive component.
- the core component serves as a carrier for the laser-sensitive component and remains substantially unaffected by the laser light used in the context of the method according to the invention.
- the coating of the nanoparticles is at least partially vaporized and / or atomized by the action of the laser light, wherein as the laser-sensitive component (s) of the coating in particular the materials already mentioned above can be used.
- the marker is in In this case, this is produced by determining the visual impression by the core component instead of the coating in the relevant area of the polymer material after the action of the laser light. Depending on the selection of the corresponding components, the marking may thus appear both lighter and darker than the non-marked region of the polymer material.
- the coating of the nanoparticles preferably has a thickness of about 5 to about 300 nm, preferably from about 10 to about 200 nm, more preferably from about 20 to about 100 nm.
- the provision of thin layer thicknesses in the nanometer range In this case too, it helps to work with relatively low laser intensities.
- the dimensions of the core component are rather uncritical in this context.
- the core component of the nanoparticles preferably comprises glass and / or one or more mineral or synthetic inorganic materials.
- the core component particularly preferably comprises a layered silicate, in particular mica and / or coated mica, graphite, Al 2 O 3, TiO 2 , SiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 or BiOCl.
- the core component may further comprise one or more plastics, in particular polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene or polyethylene terephthalate.
- plastics in particular polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene or polyethylene terephthalate.
- care should be taken in the selection of the core component that it is essentially not laser-sensitive in the wavelength range relevant to the laser-sensitive component.
- the core component of the coated nanoparticles comprises a plurality of inorganic and / or organic materials.
- the core component can in particular be constructed in multiple layers, for example in the form of multilayer platelets, spherical particles or the like.
- platelets made of mica or plastic coated with one of the abovementioned metals as coated nanoparticles.
- Such flakes are also used as effect pigments for certain lacquers (eg as metallic effect pigments, pearlescent pigments, interference pigments and the like).
- the generation of the coating on the core component of the nanoparticles can be carried out in particular by means of PVD (physical vapor deposition), by means of CVD (chemical vapor deposition), wet-chemical or electrochemical.
- the amount of nanoparticles in the polymer material can be selected taking into account various aspects, in particular the intensity of the optical impression of the nanoparticles and the desired maximum contrast of the label to be generated.
- the proportion of nanoparticles may in particular be in the range from about 0.001 to about 20% by weight, based on the polymer material. Preferably, a proportion of about 0.01 to about 3 wt.%, Particularly preferably from about 0.1 to about 0.5 wt.%.
- At least one nanolayer is arranged in, on and / or under the polymer material. This is particularly suitable in cases in which the polymer material itself is formed flat, d. H. for example in the form of a coating or a film.
- the arrangement of the nano-layer (s) "on” or “under” the polymer material is to be understood relative to an orientation in which the side of the polymer material to be marked is oriented upwards.
- the nanosheet preferably has a thickness of about 400 nm or less, preferably from about 5 to about 300 nm, more preferably from about 20 to 200 nm, most preferably from about 50 to about 100 nm the small layer thickness in the nanometer range, the mass of the nano layer is relatively small in relation to the polymer material, so with low laser intensities and a low energy input into the polymer material can be worked.
- the nanolayer is substantially completely formed from a laser-sensitive component.
- the laser-sensitive components listed in connection with nanoparticles can be used.
- the nanolayer is at least partially vaporized and / or atomized by the action of the laser light.
- the marking is formed by the changed visual impression after the destruction of the previously visible nano-layer in the respective areas of the polymer material.
- the polymeric material is in the form of a lacquer or a coating on a substrate.
- the paint or the coating may have a thickness in the range of about 1 to about 250 microns.
- the lacquers or coatings used can in particular be based on acrylate, epoxide, polyurethane, silane, silicate, alkyd and / or polyester compounds.
- a nano-layer it can be arranged both between the substrate and the polymer material, ie under the paint or the coating, as well as on the polymer material, ie as a cover layer. It is likewise possible to arrange the nanolayer in the polymer material, ie as an intermediate layer.
- the polymer material is in the form of a self-supporting molded body.
- the polymer material of such a plastics molding may in particular be formed on the basis of a synthetic polymer which is selected from polyolefins, in particular polyethylene and polypropylene, polyamides, polyesters, polyacetates, polyethersulphones, polyacrylates, polyoxymethylenes, polyimides, polycarbonates, polyetherketones, polystyrene, Polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and mixtures thereof.
- the composition of the polymer material can be chosen largely arbitrarily.
- the selection should preferably be such that an interaction of the laser light with the polymer material is substantially avoided.
- Moldings formed from the polymeric material can be used in various forms and for various applications.
- the shaped body may be a foil. Laser marking of films is of particular interest in the packaging industry.
- the shaped body may be an injection molded part.
- the inventive method allows the laser marking of a variety of products for a wide field of applications.
- this may comprise not only the nanoparticles and / or nano layer (s) but also other additives which are substantially not laser-sensitive, for example fillers or color pigments.
- the subject matter of the present invention also extends to a laser-marked polymeric material obtainable according to the method described above.
- Fig. 1 A schematic representation of the principle of operation of a first
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the structure of nanoparticles according to a second embodiment of the method according to the invention
- FIG. 1A shows schematically and without regard to the actual size relationships a region of a polymer material 10 to be marked by laser.
- the polymer material 10 is a lacquer layer which is applied to the surface of a substrate 12.
- nanoparticles 14 are distributed in the form of flakes (flaps) composed of a laser-sensitive component, e.g. Aluminum, are formed.
- the platelets have a thickness in the nanometer range and, moreover, dimensions in the micrometer range, so that on the one hand they have a very low mass in comparison to the polymer material 10 and on the other hand are visible and co-determine the visual impression of the polymer material 10.
- the state of the laser-marked region 18 of the polymer material 10 is shown in FIG. 1B.
- the material of the nanoparticles is dispersed in the polymer material 10 after their sputtering or evaporation and is no longer visible, so that the visual impression of the polymer material 10 in the marked area 18 is clearly changed compared to the unmarked areas 19.
- there is essentially no ablation or pyrolysis of the polymer material 10 since the laser marking according to the invention can be carried out with a relatively low energy input.
- the nanoparticles 14 are in the unmarked areas 19 and the substrate 12 is visible in the marked area 18.
- a low Geren intensity of the laser light can be generated by a partial evaporation or atomization of the nanoparticles 14 also marks with continuous contrast.
- nanoparticles having a core component and a coating of a laser-sensitive component are used instead of the nanoparticles 14 of the first exemplary embodiment.
- An example of such nanoparticles is shown schematically in FIG. 2A.
- the nanoparticles 20 comprise as the core component e.g. Mica flakes 22, which comprise a coating 24 of a laser-sensitive component, e.g. Aluminum, have.
- the thickness of the coating 24 is in the nanometer range and may be e.g. be applied to the mica platelets 22 by PVD or CVD.
- the coating 24 of the nanoparticles 20 is vaporized and / or atomized by the action of the laser light in the region of the polymer material to be marked so that only the core component 22 remains (see FIG. 2B).
- the optical impression of the polymer material is determined prior to marking by the coating 24 and after the marking by the core component 22, wherein also in this case by the variation of the intensity of the laser light marks with a stepless contrast can be generated.
- a polymer material 34 in the form of a lacquer layer is applied, as shown schematically in FIG. 3A.
- the nanosheet 32 is vaporized and / or atomized by the action of laser light, indicated by the arrow 36, and is no longer visible in the marked area 38, as shown in FIG. 3B.
- the substrate 30 is thus visible in the marked area 38, while in the non-marked areas 39 the nano layer 32 is visible.
- the polymeric material 40 is in the form of a self-supporting shaped body, e.g. in the form of a plastic film, as shown schematically in Fig. 4A.
- nanoparticles 44 are distributed in the form of flakes consisting of a laser-sensitive component, e.g. Aluminum, are formed, according to the first embodiment.
- the state of the laser-marked region 48 of the polymer material 40 is shown in FIG. 4B.
- the material of the nanoparticles is dispersed after their sputtering or evaporation in the polymer material 40 and no longer visible, so that the visual impression of the polymer material 40 in the marked area 48 compared to the unmarked area 49 is significantly changed.
- a 2-component PUR clearcoat from Wörwag (Woeropur R-3203H) was used as polymer material. used, with layer thicknesses of about 20 to 50 microns was applied to a colored substrate.
- Nanoparticles in the form of PVD aluminum flakes from Schlenk were added to the clearcoat.
- the amount of aluminum flakes based on the polymer material was 0.1% by weight, 0.2% by weight or 0.5% by weight.
- the marking of the polymer material by means of evaporation or atomization of the aluminum flakes was carried out by using an Nd: YAG laser (FOBALAS FD84S) at a wavelength of 1064 nm.
- Example 1 Starting from Example 1, an effect pigment ChromaFlair 190 from JDS Uniphase was used instead of PVD aluminum flakes. These are flakes of an inorganic carrier (core component), which have a metallic coating in the nanometer range.
- core component an inorganic carrier
- Example 3 The laser marking by means of evaporation or atomization of the metallic coating of the inorganic carrier was carried out as described in Example 1.
- Example 3 The laser marking by means of evaporation or atomization of the metallic coating of the inorganic carrier was carried out as described in Example 1.
- a 2-component PUR clearcoat from Wörwag (Woeropur R-3203H) was applied with a layer thickness of 20 ⁇ m to a 60 nm thick PVD aluminum layer which had been applied to a 100 ⁇ m thick PET film from Hück Folien.
- the laser marking by means of evaporation or atomization of the aluminum layer was carried out as described in Example 1.
- Schlenk PVD aluminum flakes (eg Decomet 1008/10) were converted into a polypropylene polymer Moplen HP501H from Basell Germany in a concentration of 0.1% by weight, 0.2% by weight or 0.5% by weight. incorporated. Moldings in the form of 1 mm thick sheets were produced by extrusion from the polymer material.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007050363A DE102007050363A1 (de) | 2007-10-15 | 2007-10-15 | Verfahren zur Lasermarkierung eines Polymermaterials |
| PCT/EP2008/008479 WO2009049805A1 (de) | 2007-10-15 | 2008-10-08 | Verfahren zur lasermarkierung eines polymermaterials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2197684A1 true EP2197684A1 (de) | 2010-06-23 |
| EP2197684B1 EP2197684B1 (de) | 2012-02-01 |
Family
ID=40106360
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08839875A Revoked EP2197684B1 (de) | 2007-10-15 | 2008-10-08 | Verfahren zur lasermarkierung eines polymermaterials |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2197684B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE543656T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102007050363A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009049805A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011115879A2 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2011-09-22 | Basf Se | Method for marking polymer compositions containing graphite nanoplatelets |
| CN112724497B (zh) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-08-19 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | 一种聚乙烯激光打标母粒及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0489285A (ja) | 1990-07-31 | 1992-03-23 | Sony Corp | 合成樹脂成形体への印字方法 |
| DE19525958A1 (de) * | 1995-07-17 | 1997-01-23 | Quarzwerke Gmbh | Polyolefin zur Laserbeschriftung, laserbeschriftete Folien und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| DE19726136A1 (de) * | 1997-06-19 | 1998-12-24 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Lasermarkierbare Kunststoffe |
| US6284184B1 (en) | 1999-08-27 | 2001-09-04 | Avaya Technology Corp | Method of laser marking one or more colors on plastic substrates |
| DE10131173C2 (de) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-12-04 | Itn Nanovation Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kern-Hülle-Teilchen und deren Verwendung |
| DE10256470A1 (de) | 2002-12-03 | 2004-06-24 | Schreiner Gmbh & Co. Kg | Laserbeschriftbare Folie |
| US7187396B2 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2007-03-06 | Engelhard Corporation | Low visibility laser marking additive |
| DE102004010504B4 (de) * | 2004-03-04 | 2006-05-04 | Degussa Ag | Hochtransparente lasermarkierbare und laserschweißbare Kunststoffmaterialien, deren Verwendung und Herstellung sowie Verwendung von Metallmischoxiden und Verfahren zur Kennzeichnung von Produktionsgütern |
| GB2421221B (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2007-11-28 | Uponor Innovation Ab | Marking of pipes |
| DE102005025982B4 (de) * | 2005-06-03 | 2008-04-17 | Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg | Farbig strukturierte Low-E-Schichtsysteme und Verfahren zur Erzeugung der farbig strukturierten Low-E-Schichtsysteme sowie deren Verwendung |
-
2007
- 2007-10-15 DE DE102007050363A patent/DE102007050363A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-10-08 EP EP08839875A patent/EP2197684B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2008-10-08 WO PCT/EP2008/008479 patent/WO2009049805A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-10-08 AT AT08839875T patent/ATE543656T1/de active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009049805A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2197684B1 (de) | 2012-02-01 |
| DE102007050363A1 (de) | 2009-04-16 |
| ATE543656T1 (de) | 2012-02-15 |
| WO2009049805A1 (de) | 2009-04-23 |
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