EP2190676B1 - Élément de sécurité - Google Patents

Élément de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2190676B1
EP2190676B1 EP08806229.4A EP08806229A EP2190676B1 EP 2190676 B1 EP2190676 B1 EP 2190676B1 EP 08806229 A EP08806229 A EP 08806229A EP 2190676 B1 EP2190676 B1 EP 2190676B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lines
printed
security element
image
pattern
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Application number
EP08806229.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2190676A1 (fr
Inventor
David Allen Stone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
De la Rue International Ltd
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De la Rue International Ltd
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Publication of EP2190676A1 publication Critical patent/EP2190676A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element, a method of manufacturing a security element and an article such as a security document carrying such a security element.
  • a security device in which a transitory image such as a latent image is embossed into a metal and a separate linear area visible from substantially all viewing angles is also embossed.
  • a transitory image such as a latent image
  • a separate linear area visible from substantially all viewing angles is also embossed.
  • difficulties can arise with this embossed form of element.
  • the embossing is not particularly durable while the images are hard to visualise.
  • there are difficulties in controlling embossing through a printing process so as to achieve consistency between embossing plates.
  • latent images are particularly advantageous as security elements. It is particularly difficult to counterfeit such elements using a photocopier for example.
  • one of the problems with latent images is that they are often so well hidden that it is difficult for someone wishing to inspect a document to check that it is not a counterfeit, to locate the latent image or even detect its presence.
  • the presence of the latent image should not be so overt as to render it insecure as in the Benelux visa.
  • latent images are difficult to view since they are not particularly strong in tone.
  • a security element formed by at least two printed portions, a first portion being a printed, raised line structure defining a background region in which the lines extend substantially parallel in a first direction, and an image region defining a boundary with the background region, and in which the printed lines extend substantially parallel in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction to define a first, non-diffractive latent pattern intended to be non-visible to the naked eye when viewed perpendicularly but intended to be visible when viewed at other viewing angles, and wherein, in locations where the boundary extends at an acute angle to the lines defining that part of the boundary, the image and background regions abut; and a second printed portion defining a second, non-diffractive pattern intended to be visible when viewed perpendicularly and at said other viewing angles, and wherein the second, non-diffractive pattern is located relative to the first, non-diffractive latent pattern to enable the security element to be verified.
  • the first and second patterns are registered with one another and this can be most easily achieved by printing them in the same printing pass, for example using the same printing plate.
  • the first and second patterns form different parts of a recognisable symbol or character.
  • the recognisable symbol or character will appear incomplete to the viewer thus hinting at least at the presence of the latent pattern.
  • symbols or characters include pictorial images for example portraits, symbols for example stars, geometric shapes and alphanumeric characters and combinations thereof. Possible characters include those from non-Roman scripts of which examples include but are not limited to, Chinese, Japanese, Sanskrit and Arabic.
  • the first and second patterns can be discreet and unrelated or define discreet symbols or characters which are in fact related.
  • the patterns may define a serial number or date with some of the characters being present in the first pattern and the other(s) in the second pattern. It is preferred if the first and second patterns are at least complementary. Alternatively the patterns may define alternate individual letters in a word such that when both patterns are viewed together the word is revealed to the authenticator.
  • the patterns form individual parts of a composite image
  • the composite image may be a corporate logo comprising a recognizable geometric pattern and alphanumeric characters.
  • the first pattern may form the alphanumeric character and the second pattern may form the geometric pattern such that the corporate logo is visible when both patterns are visible.
  • patterns may not form a recognizable image but the combination of the patterns forms a recognizable image which can be a piece of identifiable information for example an alphanumeric character or the national flag of a country.
  • the formation of a recognizable image on combination of the patterns facilitates the authenticator in identifying counterfeits that do not exhibit perfect registration.
  • the second pattern could comprise an arrow pointing towards the first pattern.
  • first and second portions will typically abut one another but in more sophisticated examples, the portions could overlap or be interlaced. For example, a number of first portions could be located in spaces between second portions. In the case of abutting portions, the portions do not need to fully abut, but have to be close enough together that precise registration is required. For example if one portion contained the numeral 1 and the second portion contained the numeral 0 the two portions could have a 1-2mm horizontal gap but the feature would still require good registration.
  • the portions are printed such that when viewed at at least one non-perpendicular angle the tone of the first latent pattern changes so that both patterns can be seen with substantially the same tonality. This is important as the composite image formed from the two patterns will have a uniform appearance and thus appear as one image, making it easier for the authenticator to identify and authenticate the combined image.
  • both portions will be printed in the same colour, for example black, but there are other possibilities.
  • the two portions could be printed in different colours or one or both portions may exhibit a varying colour.
  • the portions are intaglio printed although other forms of relief printing such as screen printing could be used.
  • Intaglio printing is preferred because it is conventionally used in the security printing industry and it provides a very convenient way of achieving precise registration between the patterns since they can both be printed from the same intaglio plate.
  • the latent portion will typically be provided with suitably imprinted line structures as known in the art and described in US-A-4033059 .
  • the lines can be straight or curved.
  • the non-latent portion may be printed as a non-relief pattern such as by wet or dry lithographic printing, letterpress printing, flexographic printing, screen-printing, and/or gravure printing. In a preferred example it may also be provided with relief printed raised line structures, for example printed by intaglio. In a further preferred example the non-latent portion is relief printed, for example by intaglio, with a continuous uniform tone.
  • WO-A-2006/087129 An alternative method for printing a uniform continuous tone region is to intaglio print an array of dot structures similar to dot structures used in conventional inkjet printed half tone images.
  • the advantage of using such dot structures is that the tonal appearance remains constant as the angle of view is changed. This is particularly advantageous for the non-latent second portion as it enables this region to be easily identified by the authenticator.
  • the dot structure can comprise an array of dots of the same size but of varying density or alternatively of varying size but of the same density.
  • the security element has been described so far as comprising just two portions, the element may comprise more than two portions and each of the additional portions can comprise either a latent pattern or a non-latent pattern. It will be appreciated that complex combinations of portions can be created in this way.
  • the security element can be provided directly on an article or could be provided on a transferable label which can then be transferred in a conventional manner onto an article.
  • the security elements of the invention can be used in a wide variety of fields in order to secure articles and documents such as a document of value, for example a banknote, a fiscal stamp, a cheque, a postal stamp, a certificate of authenticity, brand protection article, bond or payment voucher.
  • a document of value for example a banknote, a fiscal stamp, a cheque, a postal stamp, a certificate of authenticity, brand protection article, bond or payment voucher.
  • additional security can be achieved if the patterns defined by the security element are related to other pattern(s) on the document.
  • the denomination of a banknote could be printed in the normal way in one location on the banknote and then repeated within the security element.
  • logos, symbols and characters could be duplicated in this way.
  • a method of manufacturing a security element comprising printing on a substrate at least two printed portions, a first portion being a printed, raised line structure defining a background region in which the lines extend substantially parallel in a first direction, and an image region defining a boundary with the background region, and in which the printed lines extend substantially parallel in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction to define a first, non-diffractive latent pattern intended to be non-visible to the naked eye when viewed perpendicularly but intended to be visible when viewed at other viewing angles, and wherein, in locations where the boundary extends at an acute angle to the lines defining that part of the boundary, the image and background regions abut; and a second printed portion defining a second, non-diffractive pattern intended to be visible when viewed perpendicularly and at said other viewing angles, and wherein the second, non-diffractive pattern is located relative to the first, non-diffractive latent pattern to enable the security
  • intaglio printing is preferred using the same intaglio plate so as to print both portions simultaneously. This ensures perfect register.
  • screen printing could be used to print the first portion in relief.
  • the non-latent portion can be printed using any conventional printing technique such as wet or dry lithographic printing, letterpress printing, flexographic printing, screen-printing, and/or gravure printing.
  • the security element shown in Figure 1A is made up of two portions 1, 2.
  • the first portion 1 is defined by a line structure clearly visible in Figure 1A , a first array of lines 5 defining a latent pattern or region against a background region 6.
  • the line structure arrangement of the portion 1 defining a latent image or pattern is constructed in a similar way to the method described in US-A-4033059 .
  • the second portion 2 is printed using an intaglio printed dot structure in which dots in a region 3 are spaced to define a "second" non-diffractive pattern with a uniform continuous tone while dots in a region 4 are less densely spaced but still provide a region of continuous uniform tone to define a background.
  • Examples of dot densities are 80% for the region 3 and 30% in the region 4. However, lower densities in the region 4 are possible down to zero.
  • the dot structures 3,4 are similar to those used to create halftone images in commercial printing.
  • a design is first generated or captured digitally.
  • a dot screen is applied directly utilising a standard software package such as Corel Draw.
  • One type of screen structure is an error diffusion screen.
  • the artwork generated is then converted directly into a suitable output file for driving intaglio platemaking equipment such as laser engraving apparatus described in WO03103962 or mechanical engraving apparatus described in EP906193 .
  • the two portions 1,2 are preferably printed using intaglio printing.
  • a very preferred feature is that the pattern in the region 3 and the array of lines 5 defining the latent image are in perfect register. This makes the element very difficult to counterfeit and is achieved by intaglio printing the entire security element using a single intaglio printing plate.
  • Typical line widths in the latent image region 5 range from 100 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, preferably 175 ⁇ m, with line repeats of 200 ⁇ m to 440 ⁇ m, preferably 250 ⁇ m, and line to space ratios of 30-80%, preferably 50-70%.
  • the lines in the background region 6 typically have similar dimensions to the lines in the region 5 but extend orthogonally thereto.
  • the dot size is typically in the range 20-100 ⁇ m and the dot coverage is preferably in the range 20-90% and even more preferably in the range 40-90%.
  • the background area 4 in the non-latent portion 2 may be printed in a tone or colour to provide contrast with the "first" non-diffractive pattern. Alternatively the background area in the non-latent portion may be left blank, i.e. non-printed.
  • FIG. 2A A more complex security element is shown in Figures 2A and 2B .
  • the final pattern when viewed at the acute angle ( Figure 2B ) is again a letter "X".
  • Figure 2A a number of latent, "first" portions 10 are provided in a regular array interspersed or interlaced with a number of "second" non-latent portions 12.
  • the method of printing each of these portions is similar to the method of printing the portions 1,2 respectively.
  • each first portion 10 defines a latent pattern corresponding to the relevant part of the letter "X" with which it coincides.
  • the respective "second” portions 12 define respective parts of the letter "X” with which they coincide and are visible at all viewing angles.
  • the tone of the two patterns 3, 5 becomes the same so that the final symbol or letter has the same, uniform tone throughout. It will be appreciated, however, that other variations are possible with the two patterns having different tones or indeed varying colours.
  • the area coverage of the first and second portions 1,2;10,12 is substantially the same. However, this is not essential. In other examples, the total area coverage of the non-latent portion(s) may be at least 25%, preferably 40% and even more preferably at least 50% of the area of the security element. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the area of the final pattern that is non-latent is preferably in the range 25-70% and even more preferably in the range 40-60%.
  • FIGS 3A and 3B A third example is illustrated in Figures 3A and 3B .
  • the second portion 20 is formed by two line structures, a first set of parallel lines extending horizontally in Figure 3A at 21 defining a pattern visible at all angles set against a background of vertically arranged horizontal lines 22 defining a background region.
  • the horizontal lines defining the pattern 21 are thicker than those defining the pattern 5 thus rendering them visible at all angles.
  • the lines defining the pattern 5 have a thickness or width of 175 ⁇ m then the thickness or width of the lines defining the pattern 21 could be 215 ⁇ m.
  • the lines defining the background 22 will have the same dimensions and repeat as the lines defining the background 6.
  • the latent portion 1 needs to be hidden and we have found that an important aspect of this is the way in which the raised, printed lines defining the latent portion are formed at the boundary between the image region and the background region. This means that care needs to be taken on how the image region and background region meet, the aim being to maintain substantially constant density for the local ink coverage, avoiding dark or light edges.
  • Figure 4 illustrates this in more detail. This is a schematic, enlarged view to illustrate the principle of the invention.
  • a background region 30 of vertical, intaglio printed lines 30A-30M is provided. This forms with an image region 32 a first portion of the security element while a second portion is provided at 34.
  • the image region 32 abuts the background region 30 so as to define a boundary 36 and is defined by horizontal, intaglio printed lines 32A-32H.
  • This boundary 36 has a first section 36A extending along a straight line at an acute angle to both the vertical printed lines of the background region 30 and the horizontal printed lines of the image region 32.
  • a vertical section 36B of the boundary is defined by a small gap 37 between one of the vertical lines 30M of the background region 30 and the image region 32 while a further section 36C of the boundary is defined by a small gap 39 between the lowermost, horizontal printed line 32A of the image region 32 and adjacent, vertical lines 30B-30L of the background region 30.
  • the boundary extends parallel to one of the sets of the lines as shown as 36B and 36C, it is possible to reduce the visual effect by ensuring that the corresponding gap 37,39 is smaller than the gap between the lines themselves. Typically, a reduction by 50% is suitable or even more. However, if the vertical and horizontal lines touch in these regions, we have found that there is a significant change in density of ink with the result that the edge can be seen with the naked eye.
  • the pattern defined by the second portion 34 which is visible at all angles is formed by a combination of continuations of the horizontal, printed lines 32A-32H of the image region 32 and further, thinner, intaglio printed raised lines 38A-38G interleaved between pairs of the lines 32A-32H.
  • the horizontal lines 32A-32G running from the image region 32 into the second portion 34 may have a width or thickness of 150 ⁇ m while the thinner, interleaved printed lines 38A-38G may have a thickness or width of 40 ⁇ m.
  • the lines 32A-32G defining the image region 32 have a repeat of 250 ⁇ m while the background region 30 is defined by vertical, intaglio printed raised ink lines 30A-30M having a width of 150 ⁇ m and a repeat of 250 ⁇ m.
  • the spaces between the lines 32A-32F in the second portion 34 may be filled with printed dots, for example at 600 dots per inch.
  • the pattern defined by the second portion 34 has a symmetrical form to the pattern defined by the image region 32 thus providing a hint to the viewer of the location of the latent image region pattern 32 and also making it easy to verify when viewed with the second pattern 34 at an acute angle.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a further example.
  • a background region 40 is defined by intaglio printed, raised ink, vertical lines having dimensions similar to those of Figure 4 .
  • This forms a first portion of the security element with an image region 42 while a second portion is provided at 44.
  • the region 42 and second portion 44 define a circle located within the background region 40.
  • the image region 42 defines a semicircular image region formed by horizontal, raised ink intaglio printed lines while the second portion 44 defining an image visible at all angles is formed by the same horizontal lines as the image region 42 but with additional interleaved intaglio printed lines 46.
  • the structure is therefore similar in principle to that shown in Figure 4 with the second portion 44 hinting at the presence of the latent portion 42. Similar line dimensions would be used.
  • the naked eye will see the semicircle defined by the second portion 44 but will not detect the semicircle defined by the image region 42. This is because the horizontal lines and gaps of the image region 42 abut and blend into the vertical lines and gaps of the background 40 along the inner and outer boundaries 48,50 which are curved and hence define tangents that extend at acute angles relative to the lines of the image and background regions.
  • printed lines of one meet printed lines or gaps of the other, or gaps in the two meet one another.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Élément de sécurité constitué d'au moins deux parties imprimées (1, 2),
    une première partie (1) étant une structure de lignes imprimées en relief (6) définissant une région d'arrière-plan dans laquelle les lignes s'étendent de manière sensiblement parallèle dans une première direction, et une région d'image (5) définissant une limite (36) avec la région d'arrière-plan, et dans laquelle les lignes imprimées s'étendent de manière sensiblement parallèle dans une seconde direction perpendiculaire à la première direction pour définir un premier motif latent non diffractif destiné à ne pas être visible à l'oeil nu lorsqu'on le regarde perpendiculairement mais destiné à être visible lorsqu'on le regarde à partir d'autres angles visuels, les régions d'image et d'arrière-plan aboutissant à des endroits où la limite s'étend selon un angle aigu par rapport aux lignes définissant cette partie de la limite ;
    et on prévoit une seconde partie imprimée (2) définissant un second motif non diffractif destiné à être visible lorsqu'on le regarde perpendiculairement et à partir desdits autres angles visuels, et le second motif non diffractif étant situé par rapport au premier motif latent non diffractif pour permettre à l'élément de sécurité d'être vérifié.
  2. Élément de sécurité selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la seconde partie (2) est définie par une structure de lignes ou de points imprimés en relief.
  3. Élément de sécurité selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la seconde partie (2) est définie par une structure de lignes imprimées en relief dans laquelle les lignes imprimées s'étendent de manière sensiblement parallèle dans ladite seconde direction.
  4. Élément de sécurité selon la revendication 3, dans lequel les lignes de la région d'image (5) de la première partie (1) se prolongent dans les lignes de la seconde partie (2).
  5. Élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins une partie de la limite (36) s'étend parallèlement aux lignes de la région d'image (5) ou aux lignes (6) de la région d'arrière-plan, un espace (39) étant défini entre les lignes des parties respectives des régions d'image et d'arrière-plan définissant cette partie de la limite, l'espace ayant une épaisseur de préférence inférieure à celle de l'espace entre les lignes de la région d'arrière-plan et de manière encore plus préférable environ 50 % égale à celle-ci.
  6. Élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les lignes de la première partie (1) ont sensiblement la même largeur et/ou le même pas dans les régions d'arrière-plan et d'image.
  7. Élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, à l'endroit où les régions d'image (5) et d'arrière-plan (6) aboutissent, les lignes de la région d'image se prolongent dans les lignes de la région d'arrière-plan et/ou les lignes de la région d'image rejoignent des espaces entre les lignes de la région d'arrière-plan et/ou les lignes de la région d'arrière-plan rejoignent des espaces entre les lignes de la région d'image.
  8. Élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les premier et second motifs forment des parties différentes d'un symbole ou d'un caractère reconnaissable, comme un ou plusieurs éléments parmi un caractère alphanumérique, un motif géométrique, des images picturales et des symboles, le second motif non diffractif représentant de préférence au moins 25 %, de manière plus préférable 40 % et de manière encore plus préférable 50 % du symbole ou du caractère reconnaissable.
  9. Élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, ayant une pluralité de premières parties (1) et une pluralité de secondes parties (2), la première et la seconde parties étant entrelacées.
  10. Élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les deux parties (1, 2) sont imprimées dans la même couleur.
  11. Élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel une partie est imprimée dans une couleur différente de celle de l'autre partie, ou dans lequel une partie ou les deux parties présentent une couleur variable.
  12. Article doté d'un élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  13. Article selon la revendication 12, dans lequel les premier et second motifs se rapportent à un ou plusieurs autres motifs prévus sur l'article.
  14. Article selon la revendication 12 ou la revendication 13, l'article comprenant un document de sécurité comme un document de valeur, par exemple un billet de banque, un timbre fiscal, un chèque, un timbre postal, un certificat d'authenticité, un article de protection de marque, une obligation ou une pièce justificative de paiement.
  15. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de sécurité, le procédé comprenant l'impression sur un substrat d'au moins deux parties imprimées (1, 2), une première partie (1) étant une structure de lignes en relief imprimées, de préférence imprimées en creux (6) définissant une région d'arrière-plan dans laquelle les lignes s'étendent de manière sensiblement parallèle dans une première direction, et une région d'image (5) définissant une limite avec la région d'arrière-plan, et dans laquelle les lignes imprimées s'étendent de manière sensiblement parallèle dans une seconde direction perpendiculaire à la première direction pour définir un premier motif latent non diffractif destiné à ne pas être visible à l'oeil nu lorsqu'on le regarde perpendiculairement mais destiné à être visible lorsqu'on le regarde à partir d'autres angles visuels, les régions d'image et d'arrière-plan aboutissant à des endroits où la limite s'étend selon un angle aigu par rapport aux lignes définissant cette partie de la limite ;
    et une seconde partie imprimée (2) définissant un second motif non diffractif destiné à être visible lorsqu'on le regarde perpendiculairement et à partir desdits autres angles visuels, et le second motif non diffractif étant situé par rapport au premier motif latent non diffractif pour permettre à l'élément de sécurité d'être vérifié.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, dans lequel la seconde partie (2) est définie par une structure de lignes ou de points imprimés en relief.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 15, dans lequel les première (1) et seconde (2) parties sont imprimées au moyen de la même plaque en creux.
EP08806229.4A 2007-09-19 2008-09-10 Élément de sécurité Active EP2190676B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0718278A GB0718278D0 (en) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Security element
PCT/GB2008/003068 WO2009037423A1 (fr) 2007-09-19 2008-09-10 Élément de sécurité

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2190676A1 EP2190676A1 (fr) 2010-06-02
EP2190676B1 true EP2190676B1 (fr) 2019-03-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08806229.4A Active EP2190676B1 (fr) 2007-09-19 2008-09-10 Élément de sécurité

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2190676B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101827712B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0816833B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2699848C (fr)
CO (1) CO6260116A2 (fr)
EA (1) EA018158B1 (fr)
EG (1) EG25978A (fr)
GB (1) GB0718278D0 (fr)
MX (1) MX2010002964A (fr)
MY (1) MY158211A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009037423A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102161283A (zh) * 2010-12-28 2011-08-24 天津环球磁卡股份有限公司 一种光干扰的防伪方法
MA44826A (fr) * 2016-02-26 2019-01-02 De La Rue Int Ltd Procédés de fabrication de dispositifs de sécurité
DE102017005192A1 (de) 2017-05-31 2018-12-06 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit zwei Kippeffekten

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4033059A (en) * 1972-07-06 1977-07-05 American Bank Note Company Documents of value including intaglio printed transitory images
US5199744A (en) * 1988-09-09 1993-04-06 De La Rue Plc Security device
US5487567A (en) * 1992-04-24 1996-01-30 Francois-Charles Oberthur Group Printing method and copy-evident secure document
US5722693A (en) * 1996-10-03 1998-03-03 Wicker; Kenneth M. Embossed document protection methods and products
GB9806077D0 (en) * 1998-03-20 1998-05-20 Rue De Int Ltd Latent image structure

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0718278D0 (en) 2007-10-31
CO6260116A2 (es) 2011-03-22
EP2190676A1 (fr) 2010-06-02
BRPI0816833A2 (pt) 2015-03-10
MY158211A (en) 2016-09-15
WO2009037423A1 (fr) 2009-03-26
CA2699848A1 (fr) 2009-03-26
CN101827712B (zh) 2013-03-27
EG25978A (en) 2012-11-18
MX2010002964A (es) 2010-06-17
BRPI0816833B1 (pt) 2019-05-07
EA018158B1 (ru) 2013-05-30
EA201070373A1 (ru) 2010-08-30
CA2699848C (fr) 2015-11-10
CN101827712A (zh) 2010-09-08

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