EP2190668A2

EP2190668A2 - Method and device for controlling a printing machine

Info

Publication number: EP2190668A2
Application number: EP08872360A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Klaus Georg Matthias MÜLLER; Günther Ewald GABRIEL
Original assignee: Koenig and Bauer AG
Current assignee: Koenig and Bauer AG
Priority date: 2008-02-11
Filing date: 2008-10-08
Publication date: 2010-06-02
Also published as: US20100319559A1; CN101945763A; DE102008001309A1; CN101945763B; DE102008001309B4; WO2009100783A2; WO2009100783A3; US8127672B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling a printing machine, wherein at least one rotating component (01) of a least one printing unit is regulated to a target value for a temperature (θb) representing the component temperature by means of a temperature controller (20, 21), and wherein at least one drive (32) of an assembly of the printing machine is regulated and/or controlled on the basis of a target value (nsoll) for rotational speed prescribed by a command level (31) with regard to a rotational speed (n) to be maintained, wherein at least for an operating phase (I) transient relative to the rotational speed (n), a target value (nson) prescribed by the command level (31) is modified by considering at least one member of a route and/or control model (SRM) characterizing the temperature controller (20, 21) and/or by using a rule (F2(θ)) for a dependence of a rotational speed (n) on a temperature (θ), and the modified target rotational speed (N*soll) serves as a prescribed value for the rotational speed (n) of the drives (32).

Description

description

Method and device for controlling a printing press

The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling a printing press according to the preamble of claims 1 and 18, respectively.

From DE 44 29 520 A1 discloses a device and a method for temperature control of a component in a printing machine is known, wherein the component is tempered by an at least partially circulating fluid. An actuator, by means of which a mixing ratio at a feed point of two fluid streams of different temperature is adjustable, is controlled by a temperature measuring point arranged between the feed point and the component.

EP 08 86 577 B1 discloses a device and a method for controlling the temperature of a component, wherein a component temperature is monitored by means of sensors and the measured value is sent to a control unit. If the temperature measured at the component deviates from a desired value, the control unit lowers or increases the temperature of a coolant in a cooling unit by a certain amount, waits for a period of time and repeats the measurement and the said steps until the setpoint is reached again.

EP 03 83 295 A2 discloses a tempering device for printing machines, wherein a temperature of the fluid in a supply path and a surface temperature of the component to be tempered are detected and fed to a control device. On the basis of these temperatures and possibly predetermined disturbances such. B. used paper, dampening solution and set temperatures, a manipulated variable for controlling a mixing motor is determined, which adjusts the ratio between circulated and fresh tempered fluid. JP 60-161 152 A discloses a cooling device of a roller to be tempered, wherein a surface temperature of the roller and a fluid temperature measured in the Zuflußweg and a control device for comparison with a target value and for controlling a valve are supplied.

In WO 2004/054805 A1, a measured temperature which at least approximately represents the temperature of the component, in particular in the case of a roller, is to be set or maintained at a specific desired value by the temperature control with a tempering device. This is done by a cascaded controller structure, wherein in the control loops members of the control or track model are provided.

From WO 03/045695 A1 it is known that different temperature setpoints or different maximum values can be predetermined for different production speeds.

DE 10 2005 005 303 A1 relates to a system for tempering components of a printing machine. Here u. a. proposed that an intended change in the machine speed in their execution z. B. programmatically in an evaluation can be delayed until the roller reaches a certain temperature.

In DE 10 2004 006 231 B3 a method for transporting dampening solution from a first roll to a forme cylinder is known.

The roll surface temperatures can only be controlled very slowly compared to the machine speed. Therefore, the temperatures may vary Feed forward control and advance measures with faster changes in speed more or less drag, since the temperature control so far interface based on the current engine speed and then tries to adapt to the temperature. Therefore, the color densities remain in transient operating phases, eg. B. in the run-up and down phases, possibly not good enough constant, or the speed is changed only extremely slowly.

The invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for controlling a printing press.

The object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 18, respectively.

The advantages which can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that a constant color density on the printed product is achievable even for respect to the machine speed of unsteady operating phases. The present method ensures that the relationship between speed and surface temperature for constant color density (color viscosity control over a color curve) is such that ideally at any time the surface temperature matches the engine speed.

In the present method, the dynamics of the speed curve and the dynamics of the temperature curve fit better together, whereby the static color curve relationship is realized well enough even in the dynamic case.

In the present solution, the machine speed change used is adapted to the actually achievable temperature change in the process. Namely, it is oriented, for example, at the change speed or dynamically slowest attainable temperature profile of all relevant temperature control loops involved. In this case, it is particularly advantageous due to fundamentally high-quality signal requirements to the acceleration curves of controlled electrical drives, if it is not assumed that a measured temperature profile, but in a control device, for. As a computer of tempering, due to known plant model parameters a signal smooth course model for a realizable temperature response curve of the process is calculated from which in turn can then determine the required signal technically smooth suitable speed setpoint curve. Preferably, this latter calculation takes place via the inverse relation to the dependence of the temperature on the rotational speed (also called "color curve") of the temperature control circuit selected for the speed control of the machine.

The course for the speed is no longer given directly from the control level to the drives or their drive control according to the present method, but it is determined from this course first the technologically desired modified speed setpoint curve. This can z. B. in a separate control (arithmetic unit) or in the control (arithmetic unit) of the tempering be formed and then either back to the control level and from there to the drives or drive control, or be given directly to this. Only this modified speed setpoint curve or setpoint is then used - at least in transient operating phases - for the speed setpoint specification of the printing press.

In the control thus takes place for each relevant temperature control loop a first transformation (color curve, speed is converted into temperature), then this temperature profile is dynamically grinded with a model of the closed temperature control path (maturities, inertias), so that there is the associated physically realizable delayed temperature profile , and then a back transformation takes place (inverse relation of the color curve, temperature is calculated back into speed). In a particularly advantageous embodiment, this temperature profile is dynamically grinded by means of the model of the closed-loop temperature control system (terms, inertias) that are present anyway.

In an advantageous embodiment, both all individual control devices for controlling the temperature of the rolls of the same type of printing unit or a printing tower as processes in a computing unit, for. As a computer, the unit temperature settled. The o. G. Control with transformation and back transformation can advantageously also be accommodated as a process in this arithmetic unit.

Particularly advantageous is the concept in connection with a multi-loop control applicable. This works very fast and stable even in the presence of larger transport distances for the tempering. The short response time allows use in applications and processes with high dynamic levels and thus a steeper curve for the adjusted speed during transient operating phases. Thus, the present temperature control is also of great advantage where rapid changes in a temperature setpoint must be reconstructed and / or where external conditions such. B. energy input by friction or outside temperature, change very quickly.

If the final rotational speed is reached at the end of a transient phase, advantageously the predetermined rotational speed target value can again be transmitted unchanged to the drives or drive control (eg the section computer).

If more than one temperature control unit or pressure unit is present, then the minimum can be determined from the existing desired value setpoint values and used for the modification. Advantageously, a corrected speed setpoint is separately for rolls of z. B. determined eight printing units. The minimum resulting from these eight values is then processed to the modified setpoint and transmitted to the control level or drive control as the new master speed setpoint.

Preferably, the "temperature curve" n (θ) has a continuous slope and the maximum temperature for determining the associated speed is limited to a value less than the maximum.

In a development, the function at the zero point may have a discontinuity, in which case the temperature value is set at a speed 0, so that no condensation water is generated in a warm environment.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a control in a printing press to be tempered rollers and controlled drives;

FIG. 2 is a more detailed illustration of the controller for modifying a speed setpoint; FIG.

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a tempering with the first

Embodiment for the control device or the control process;

4 shows a detailed exemplary embodiment of the control device or the control process; 5 shows a development of the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, relating to the inner control loop;

6 shows a development of the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, relating to the outer control loop;

7 shows a schematic representation of a runtime-based controller;

FIG. 8 shows a more detailed section of the temperature control section shown in FIG. 3; FIG.

9 shows an exemplary time profile for the speed setpoints.

A printing press has at least one component 01, in particular an ink-carrying roller 01 of a printing unit, not shown. This roller 01 can be used as a roller 01 of an inking unit, for. B. in particular as an anilox roller 01, or as a cylinder 01 of the printing unit, z. B. in particular as a forme cylinder 01, be executed. Next, the printing machine has a control plane 31, with z. As a control station and a machine control on, by which one or more drives 32, z. B. drive motors 32 (eg., With controller and motor 34) of the printing machine, a machine speed n, here z. B. referred to with engine speed n or short: speed n, as the speed setpoint n _S0 n is predetermined or is specified. The default for the machine speed n is usually, as shown in phantom, from the control level 31 (eg., A computer or section computer of the control level 31) z. B. either directly to drive controller of one or more drives 32, or advantageous to an electronic master, in particular a virtual master axis generating parent drive control 33 given. In a simplified manner, the drive controller 33 generates a continuous rotation of a virtual angular position in correlation to the predetermined speed setpoint value n _so n. The higher-level drive control 33 can generate a an aggregate or drive motor 32 associated drive control 33 be, which is effective as a master, or represent an additional drive control 33, which is not assigned to any of the drive motors 32 directly.

Particularly advantageous is the device described below and the method for operating the printing press together with a printing unit for the waterless offset printing, d. H. a printing unit without the use of dampening solution, can be used. In the printing unit, in particular a printing unit for waterless offset printing, the quality in the color transfer is extremely dependent on the temperature of the ink and / or the ink-bearing surfaces (eg, the surface of rollers 01 or cylinders 01). In addition, the quality in the ink transfer is also sensitive to a nip speed, ie the engine speed n.

As stated, inter alia, already in WO 2004/054805 A1, by the temperature control with a tempering device a measured, the temperature of the component 01 at least approximately representing temperature θ _b , in particular in the case of a roller 01 a the surface temperature θ _b on the roller 01 ( At least approximately) representing temperature θ _b , set to a certain setpoint θ _b , _S oiι or held. This is done by measuring the most meaningful temperature θ _b on the one hand and controlling the supply or dissipation of energy in the form of heat on the other hand. For example, WO 03/045695 A1 discloses that different temperature setpoint values or different maximum values may be specified for different production speeds.

The concept shown schematically in Fig. 1 now provides that at least for an operating phase I a speed change, z. B. in a phase I of the startup of the printing press, a predetermined by the control plane 31 (machine control) speed setpoint n _S0 n by considering at least one member of a distance and / or control model SRM the tempering (eg Vorsteuergliedes for the period V _LZ , short delay element) and / or using a rule F ₂ (θ) is modified before the now modified speed setpoint n ^* _SO ιι is given as a default value to the drive controller 33 and the drives 32. This ensures that during startup of the printing press, ie when changing the engine speed (production speed), the inertia of the temperature does not lead to large deviations between the real component temperature and the desired for the respective engine speed n temperature (setpoint θ _{b, So} iι). The run-up, which z. B. along a stored in the control plane 31 speed ramp 41 (speed curve) is adjusted here by the rule F ₂ (G) to the dynamics of the temperature. The rule F ₂ (θ) is preferably stored, but z. B. via an interface or input option changeable.

The concept for the general application is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2:

The temperature of the component 01 is effected by means of a temperature control device 20, the actuator is placed over a control device 21. The tempering device 20 with the corresponding means and the associated control device 21 can also be summarized under the name tempering device 20, 21.

At a measuring point M _{1 of} the component 01 or in a controlled system 02, z. B. Temperierstrecke 02 (see below) of the component 01 tempering tempering is to control the component temperature as well as possible representing the measured value for the temperature θ _b . Depending on the technical control or technical complexity, the temperature θ _{b representing} the component temperature and to be controlled can be measured on the component 01 itself, close to the component or distant from the component on the controlled system 02.

As can be seen in more detail in FIG. 2, by means of the speed setpoint n _S0 n transferred by the control plane 31, a setpoint value Θ _b , _so n for the temperature representing the component temperature and to be controlled, is applied using a first rule F n θ _b determined and this setpoint θ _b , _S oiι the control device 21 fed. The rule F ₁ (n) is preferably stored, but z. B. via an interface or input option changeable. By means of the control device 21, according to its rules, it is now acted upon to achieve this desired value .theta..sub.b _{, So} iι. First of all, regardless of where this takes place, this setpoint θ _b , _S oiι is modified to take account of the at least one member of the distance and / or control model SRM to adapt the run-up to the dynamics of the temperature control so that the resulting corrected Setpoint θ " _b , _S oiι at least partially, but as accurately as possible takes into account the influences and behavior of the controlled system 02. Advantageously, a pilot control element for the running time (possibly with a time constant) V _LZ and / or a Vorhalteglied V _VH and / or a feedforward control with respect to an actuator characteristic by means of a rise limiter V _AB and / or a pilot control element with respect to the heat flow _V.sub.WF.The latter element is to be used advantageously when the measuring point M, eg outside the component 01, ie significantly spaced from the end The mentioned members are together below m It describes its effect in connection with embodiments of the control device 21 in more detail and apply to that mentioned for Fig. 1 and 2. Since the control device 21 preferably has a path and / or control model SRM with one or more corresponding members, preferably in order to avoid vibrations in the control process, the setpoint θ " _{b, So} iι corrected using the corresponding 1 and 2 are taken into account in that the representation of the control device 21 and a schematic representation of a memory and / or arithmetic unit 37 (FIG. or a corresponding computing process 37 or storage and / or computing means 37. The storage and / or arithmetic unit 37 does not have to be embodied objectively in the manner shown, but can be spatially completely or partially used in one of the control devices 21 or as a program in a computer that maps the control processes F r the operation or commissioning it is very advantageous if both the process of adapting to the dynamics of the temperature control as well as a control process of the tempering one and the same route and / or control model SRM is applied. In this way, parameters need not be found and set in two places at two locations for two processes linked to a same tempering device. It is also advantageous if the control process and the process of adaptation are based on one and the same dynamics.

By means of the corrected setpoint θ " _{b, So} iι, a corrected speed setpoint n ' _so n is now formed using a second rule F ₂ (G) .This second prescription with n' _SO ιι = F ₂ (θ) preferably represents the inverse function (or the values mirrored at the bisecting line of the first quadrant) to the first regulation F] (n). If the storage and / or computing unit 37 is only one

Assigned tempering 20, 21, so this corrected speed setpoint n ' _so n, possibly after he was again guided over a rise limiter 39, now as a modified speed setpoint n ^* _SO ιι (if necessary guided over the control plane 31) to the drive control 33 and The drives 32 are given. In a variant in which the memory and / or arithmetic unit 37 is assigned a plurality of tempering devices 20, 21, in particular at least one number (eg eight) of tempering devices corresponding to the number of printing units assigned to the same printing material web, it is advantageous to from all, this storage and / or arithmetic unit 37 associated tempering first the minimum of the corrected speed setpoint n ' _so n to determine (step 38 in Fig. 2) to this then already as a modified speed setpoint n ^* _SO ιι to control the drives 32nd continue to process or further processed under further modification to a modified speed setpoint n ^* _SO ιι. Preferably, the tempering devices for the respective comparable roller 01 of all printing units of a printing tower or all of the same printing material web (for example eight printing units) or a same printing sheet guide are used via a same storage and / or arithmetic unit 37 assigned printing units processed. Finding the minimum then affects this number (eg eight) of corrected speed setpoints n ' _SO ιι.

In an advantageous embodiment, means 42 for "mixing" of the (possibly minimized) corrected speed reference values n _'SO ιι with the originally given from the control level 31 speed setpoint n _S0 n provided. Thus, a sensitivity of the storage and / or processing unit 37 is set With an adjustable factor a (eg 0 ≤ a ≤ 1) it is possible to set to which part of the originally predetermined speed setpoint n _so and to which part of the (possibly minimized) corrected speed setpoint n ' _so n at the forming the modified speed reference value n ^* _sO to be ιι considered. It has proved advantageous if the proportion of the corrected speed reference value n _'as n at least 50%, ie a <0.5, in particular between 60% and 80%, which means that the value a is between 0.2 and 0.4.

The procedure, coming from the control level 31 speed reference value n _as n first in a storage and / or processing unit 37 or in the corresponding processes of memory and / or processing unit 37 to the dynamic adjust (ie, the inertia) of the temperature control unit and correspondingly to modify is particularly advantageous in respect of the machine speed transient operating phases I, z. B. in the above run-up phase and / or during a speed change or when driving off, apply. Although this procedure can also be used in stationary operating phases II, z. B. at a constant machine speed n (eg, a production speed n _P during the stationary production phase) find application, but advantageously then comes from the control plane 31 derived speed setpoint n _S0 n, z. B. either unchanged through the memory and / or arithmetic unit 37 "looped through" or directly from the control plane 31, without modification to the drives 32 and / or the drive control 33 given.

In Fig. 9 is an exemplary time course of the different above Speed values shown when using the described procedure in operating the printing press. In this case, the upper curve represents the desired speed value n _as specified by the control plane 31. This starts, for example, with a first ramp, followed by a plateau (in which, for example, a pressure is applied to the cylinders) to a further increase (acceleration) Production speed n), the engine speed n remains at the level of the production speed n _P (until coasting or approaching end of production), and the engine speed n is decreased along a falling ramp. The lowest curve shows the minimized corrected speed setpoint values n ' _S0 , formed as the minimum of a plurality of, here eight, corrected values. The noticeable irregularities in the slopes result here from the fact that the minimum at different times is provided by corrected values of changing considered rolls. It can be seen that n at the beginning of the ramp for the predetermined speed value _as the corrected speed reference value n n _'so n does not increase with and the first-mentioned lagging temporally spaced in the following course, which ultimately reflects the inertia of the temperature control. As a mean curve of the modified by the factor a speed setpoint n ^* _SO ιι as result of the above procedure is recognizable. This will now z. As given to drive controller or the leading axis 31 generating parent drive control 33. By the factor a causes after a Anfahrkommando by the operating staff no temporary stoppage (as in the lowest curve of the case) prevails, but the printing press - albeit slower than predetermined by the ramp - in motion. In a sense, the addition of the factor a is "cosmetic" in nature and can be omitted in a simpler form, in which case the press will move from the bottom curve as specified.

The procedure described on the basis of the engine speed n is to be transferred in an advantageous embodiment to a parallel processing of acceleration values. This is done according to the same concept described for the engine speed n. In the event of a fault of the control device 21 and / or the storage and / or arithmetic unit 37, it may be provided that the original speed _setpoint value n _S0 n is given to the drives 32 or the drive control 33.

In case of failure also an effective 37 last transmitted from the storage and / or processing unit setpoint can n ^* _SO ιι be adopted as the new start setpoint to avoid possibly resulting setpoint changes.

The o. G. Tempering device 20 may in principle be designed in different ways, so that specifically introduced energy in the form of heat in the component 01 and / or the component 01 can be withdrawn. In addition to the advantageous embodiment described in more detail below with the introduction of tempered fluid via a corresponding temperature control section 02, other possibilities are also conceivable: for example, the introduction of electrical energy into the component 01 and its conversion into heat, or z. B. a temperature control via a blower whose air is tempered either directly via contact with electrically heated coils or indirectly via a heat exchanger.

The above can be used advantageously on its own. In the following, the above is presented in application with an advantageous specific embodiment of the temperature control device 20 and an advantageous multi-loop control device 21 (FIGS. 3 and 4):

The temperature is controlled in the present example via a temperature control, in particular a fluid such. As water, which is brought over a tempering 02 with the component 01 in thermal interaction. If the component 01 is to be flown with the fluid, the fluid may also be a gas or gas mixture, such. B. be air. For the temperature control, the fluid is supplied to the component 01 in a first circuit 03, flows through or flows around the component 01, absorbs heat (cools) or gives off heat from (heat) and flows back accordingly warmed or cooled. In this first circuit 03, a heating or cooling unit can be arranged, which can serve to produce the desired fluid temperature.

In the advantageous embodiment according to FIG. 3, however, the first circuit 03 is in the form of a secondary circuit 03 in connection to a second circuit 04, a primary circuit 04, in which the fluid is at a defined and largely constant temperature T _v , z. B. flow temperature T _v , rotates. A temperature control such. As a thermostat or a heating and / or cooling unit, etc., which provides for the flow temperature T _v is not shown here. Via a connection 05 between primary and secondary circuit 03; 04 may at a first junction 06 of the primary circuit 04 via an actuator 07, z. B. a controllable valve 07, fluid removed from the primary circuit 04 and the secondary circuit 03 are metered. At a second connection point 08, depending on the supply of new fluid at the connection point 06, fluid is returned from the secondary circuit 03 at a connection point 10 via a connection 15 into the primary circuit 04. For this purpose, for example, the fluid is in the region of the first junction 06 at a higher pressure level than in the region of the second junction 08. A difference .DELTA.P in the pressure level is z. B. by a corresponding valve 09 between the connection points 06; 08 generated.

The fluid, or a large part of the fluid is, by a drive 1 1, for example by a pump 1 1, a turbine 1 1 or otherwise, on an inflow section 12, through the component 01, a reflux section 13 and a partial section 14th between inflow and return line 12; 13 circulated in the secondary circuit 03. Depending on the supply via the valve 07, after passing through the component 01, a corresponding amount of fluid flows via the connection 15 into the primary circuit 04 or a correspondingly reduced amount of fluid through the partial section 14. The part flowing back through the partial section 14 and the fresh part via the Valve 07 at a feed or injection point 16 supplied part mix and now form the for temperature control specifically tempered fluid. To improve the mixing is in an advantageous embodiment as possible directly behind the injection point 16, in particular between the injection point 16 and the pump 1 1, a Verwirbelungsstrecke 17, in particular a Verwirblungskammer 17, respectively.

In o. G. Case that is not tempered by a primary circuit 04, but by means of a heating or cooling unit, the feed or injection point 16 corresponds to the place of energy exchange with the relevant heating or cooling unit and the actuator 07, for example, a heating or cooling unit associated Power control o. Ä .. The junction 10 in the circuit 03 is omitted, since the fluid circulates in total in the circuit 03 and fed or discharged at the feed point 16 energy or heat or cold is "fed." The heating or cooling unit corresponds to z B. the actuator 07.

By tempering ultimately a certain temperature θ _b (here b = 3), ie temperature θ _{3 of} the component 01, in particular in the case of a roller 01, the surface temperature θ ₃ on the roller 01 set to a specific setpoint Θ ₃ , _s oiι or . being held. This is done by measuring a meaningful temperature on the one hand and controlling the supply of fluid from the primary 04 in the secondary circuit 03 to produce a corresponding mixing temperature on the other.

It is advantageous that in the present temperature control device 20 between the injection point 16 and an outlet of the component to be tempered 01 at least two measuring points M1; M2; M3 with sensors S1; S2; S3 are provided, wherein one of the measuring points M1 near the injection point 16 and at least one of the measuring points M2; M3 in the region of the component near the end of the inflow section 12 and / or in the region of the component 01 itself is arranged. The valve 07, the pump 1 1, the injection point 16 and the junctions 06; 08 are usually spatially close to each other, and z. B. arranged in a dashed line indicated temperature control 18. Inflow and outflow Return line 12; 13 between the component 01 and the outlet or entry into the temperature control cabinet 18, which is not explicitly shown, have, as a rule, a length that is comparatively long compared to the remaining distances, which is indicated in FIG. 3 by respective interruptions. The locations for the measurement are now selected so that at least one measuring point M1 in the region of the temperature control cabinet 18 and a measuring point M2; M3 close to the component, that is arranged at the end of the long inflow section 12.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the measurement of a first temperature θi between the injection point 16 and the pump 1 1, in particular between a Verwirbelungsstrecke 17 and the pump 1 1, by means of a first sensor S1. A second temperature θ ₂ is determined by means of a second sensor S2 in the region of the entry into the component 01. The temperature θ ₃ is also determined by measurement in FIG. 3, specifically by an infrared sensor (IR sensor) S 3 directed onto the surface of the roller 01. The sensor S3 can also be arranged in the region of the lateral surface or as explained below u. U. also omitted.

The temperature is controlled by means of a control device 21 and a control process 21, which is described in more detail below. The control device 21 (FIG. 3) is based here on a multi-loop, here three-loop cascade control. An innermost control circuit has the sensor S1 shortly after the injection point 16, a first regulator R1 and the actuator 07, ie the valve 07, on. The regulator R1 receives as an input variable, a deviation Δθi (Δθ "here i = 1) of the measured value θi of a (corrected) target value θi, _SO ιι, _k (node K1) and acts in accordance with its implemented control behavior and / or control algorithm with an operation command, Δ on the actuator 07th D. h. depending on the deviation of the measured value θi from the corrected setpoint value θi, _SO ιι, _{k it} opens or closes the valve 07 or maintains the position. The corrected setpoint θi _{, SO} ιι _{, k} is now not specified as usual directly by a controller or manually, but is using an output of at least one second, further "outside" control loop educated. The second control loop has a component-near sensor S2 shortly before it enters the component 01 (or, if necessary, the component 01 associated with a two-ball design not shown) and a second regulator R2. The controller R2 receives as an input variable, a deviation Δθ _{2 of} the measured value θ ₂ at the sensor S2 of a corrected setpoint Θ _{2, sθ} ιι _{, k} (node K2) and generates at its output according to its implemented control behavior and / or control algorithm one with the deviation Δθ ₂ correlated size dθi (output dθi), which is used to form the above-corrected setpoint value θi, _SO ιι, _k for the first controller R1. Ie. depending on the deviation of the measured value θ ₂ from the corrected setpoint Θ ₂ , _sθ ιι, _k is on the size dθi (dθ _h here with i = 1) influence to be formed on the corrected setpoint value θi _{, SO} ιι _{, k of} the first regulator R1.

In the embodiment of the controller which is preferred in connection with the abovementioned concept for adapting the engine speed n to the dynamics of the temperature control, at least one desired value θ _b , _S oiι is found in the control (here, for example, b = 1, 2 or 3). Application, which is modified by at least one member of a distance and / or control model SRM ₁ (here i = 1, 2 or 3) of the tempering 20, 21 and thus influences and behavior of the controlled system 02 - at least in part - considered. As mentioned above, the distance and / or control model SRM _{1 can have} one or more of the elements pilot element for the transit time (possibly with a time constant) V _LZ and / or a derivative element V _VH and / or a precontrol with respect to an actuator characteristic by means of a Rise limiter V _AB and / or a pilot control element with respect to the heat flow V _WF have.

In the illustrated embodiment of the controller, the corrected set point θi, _SO ιι, _k (b = 1) of the inner control loop for the first controller R1 at a node K1 '(eg, addition, subtraction) from the size dθi and a theoretical Reference value θ "i, _SO ιι (θ", _SO ιι, here with i = 1) taking into account elements of a route and / or control model SRM ₁ formed. In principle, a simpler embodiment of the control device 21 is possible, in which only the first two control circuits form the cascade control or even the simplest version of only one of the two inner control circuits or the outer control loop with its pilot control elements form the control device 21. In this case, in the former case, the corrected setpoint θ "b, _SO ιι would be formed, for example, from the SRM of one of the two control loops, preferably from the outermost control loop, and in the second-mentioned case from the line model of only one control loop. in the case of single-loop control devices 21, one or more links of the track and / or control model SRM _{1 of} this control loop, and in the case of multi-loop control devices 21 one or more links of the track and / or control model SRM ₁ one of the loops, but preferably the outer loop Formation of the corrected in nominal value θ ",, _SO ιι used for further processing to adapt to the dynamics (inertia) of the temperature. In the illustrated multi-loop case, a switch 43 may be provided by means of which, depending on the requirement from the corrected target value θ ",, _SO ιι one of the loops on the corrected target value θ" ,, can be changed soiι another loop. This can be z. B. be advantageous if a redundancy respect. The sensor should be guaranteed, such. B. if the failed at the measuring point M3 or dirty. The switch 43 is preferably designed to be electronically switchable in this case, so that it is detected by a circuit in case of failure or faulty operation of the relevant sensor S ₁ (with i = 1, 2, 3) and then the switch 43 is switched. In Fig. 4 this is exemplified with a switching signal STΘ3, OK indicated, which here the switch 43 in the setting for the passage of the corrected setpoint θ " ₃ , _S oiι the third loop.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, however, the control device 21 has three cascaded control circuits. The corrected setpoint Θ ₂ , _s oiι, _{k in} front of the second controller R2 is now also not specified as usual directly by a controller or manually, but is formed using an output variable of a third, outer control loop. The third control circuit has the sensor S3, which the Detected temperature on or in the region of the lateral surface, and a third controller R3. The controller R3 receives as an input variable, a deviation Δθ ₃ of the measured value θ ₃ on the sensor S3 from a reference value Θ _{3, sθ} ιι (node K3) and produces at its output corresponding to its implemented control behavior and / or control algorithm correlated with the deviation Δθ ₃ Size dθ ₂ , which is used to form the above-corrected setpoint value Θ ₂ , _s oiι, _k for the second controller R2. Ie. depending on the deviation of the measured value θ ₃ from the desired value Θ ₃ , _s oiι (or a corrected desired value θ " ₃ , _SO ιι, su) via a machine control or manually, the quantity dθ ₂ influences the corrected setpoint value Θ ₂ , _s oiι, _{k taken} the second regulator R2.

The corrected set point Θ ₂ , _sθ ιι, _k for the second controller R2 is at a node K2 '(eg, addition, subtraction) from the size dθ ₂ and a theoretical setpoint θ' ₂ , _S oiι (or θ " ₂ The theoretical setpoint θ ' ₂ , _SO ιι is again formed in a pilot control element with respect to the heat flow V _{2 WF} The pilot control element V _{2 WF} takes into account, for example, the heat or cooling losses on the partial section between the measuring points M2 and M3, by forming a correspondingly increased or decreased theoretical target value θ ' ₂ , _SO ιι, which is then processed together with the size dθ ₂ to the corrected setpoint Θ ₂ , _sθ ιι, _k for the second controller R2.

The described method of regulation is thus based, on the one hand, on the measurement of the temperature directly behind the injection point 16 and at least one measurement near the component 01 to be tempered. Secondly, a particularly short reaction time of the control is achieved in that a plurality of control loops mesh with each other in a cascade-like manner, and a measured value θ ₂ located closer to the component 01 already during setpoint formation for the inner control loop; θ _{3 is} taken into account. Thirdly, a particularly short reaction time is achieved by a precontrol, which introduces empirical values for losses to be expected on the temperature control section 02. One closer to Actuator 07 located loop is thus given in anticipation of losses already set by an empirical value increased or decreased setpoint.

In Fig. 3, the feedforward control gates of each of the control loops are each only schematically summarized with SMR ₁ ; SMR ₂ ; SMR ₃ designates. In this schematic member one or more of the above mentioned members may be concealed. In the following, with reference to FIG. 4, a great variety of advantageous possibilities for the formation of the precontrol will be presented.

In one embodiment, a distance and / or control model SRM ₁ may be provided in one or more of the control circuits with respect to the pilot flow V _WF . The pilot member V _WF , here V _lιWF (index i for the setpoint formation of the ith control loop) takes into account the heat exchange (losses, etc.) of the fluid on a leg and based on experience (expert knowledge, calibration measurements, etc.). Thus, the pilot control _element V _{1 ιWF} (Index 1 for the setpoint formation of the first control loop), for example, the heat or cooling losses on the leg between the measuring points M1 and M2, by a correspondingly increased or decreased theoretical target value θ'i, _SO ιι forms, which is then processed together with the size dθi to the corrected setpoint value θi, _SO ιι, _k for the first controller R1. In the pilot control element VW _F is a relationship between the input variable (setpoint Θ ₃ , _sθ ιι or θ ' ₂ , _S oiι or su θ' ₂ , soiι, _n ) and a corrected output variable (modified setpoint θ ' ₂ , _SO ιι or su θ ' ₂ , soiι, n or θ'i, soiι, n) firmly held, which is preferably modifiable by parameters or in any other way as needed. Also in the outer control loop or that control loop with the measured value closest to the component 01, a pilot control element can be provided with respect to the heat flow V _WF . In the present example, however, no heat or cold loss takes place after the measuring point M3. Thus, it is possible (but not necessary) to use that line and / or control model SRM ₁ which is used to form the corrected corrected setpoint value θ " _b , soiι to be processed in the storage and / or arithmetic unit 37 corresponding pilot element V _{,, WF} have.

In addition to or instead of or the pilot control elements with respect to the heat flow V ₁ , _WF ; V _{2, WF} , the control device may have 21 further or other elements for precontrol:

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the fluid requires, for example, a finite duration T _L2 for the distance from the valve 07 to the sensor S2. In addition, when setting the actuator 07, the respective mixing temperature does not change instantly to the desired value (eg inertia of the valve, heating or cooling of the pipe walls and pump), but is subject to a time constant T ₆₂ . If this is not taken into account, it can lead to greater overshoots in the control, since, for example, a command to open the valve 07 has occurred, the result of this opening, namely corresponding warmer or colder fluid, but not yet arrived at the measuring location of the measuring point M2 However, the corresponding control circuit may erroneously output further control commands for opening. The same applies to the distance from the valve 07 to the detection of the temperature by the sensor S3 with the transit time T ' _L3 and a time constant T' _e3 , in which case the primed reference indicates that this is not the time to must act to detect the fluid temperature in the region of the roll shell, but by the time to the detection of the temperature of the roll surface or the roll shell.

Due to the dead time (corresponds to transit time T _L2 or T ¹ _L3 ) and the time constants T ₆₂ and T ' _e3 , the line reactions to the activities of the innermost controller R1 out at the level of the two outer controller R2; R3 initially not visible. In order to avoid or prevent a double response of these controllers, which would be exaggeratedly incorrect and can not be retrieved, in the formation of the desired value in one or more of the control loops, preferably a pilot control element with respect to the transit time and / or the time constant V _L z provided as a route model element, by means of which the expected natural "delay" as a result of a change in the actuator 07 is taken into account. By means of the pilot control element with respect to the transit time and / or the time constant V _LZ , the travel time actually required by the fluid is simulated in the control (based on empirical values or preferably by measured value recording or computational estimation). The outer regulators R2; R3 now only react to those deviations that are not to be expected, taking into account the modeled path properties and thus actually require correction. Compared to the already expected control deviations, which are physically unavoidable and to which the innermost controller R1 already cares "locally", the external controllers R2, R3 are "blinded" by this balancing. The "pilot element" V _L z thus acts in the manner of a "delay and delay element" V _L z- in the pilot element V _LZ said dynamic property (delay and delay) is mapped and fixed, but preferably via parameters or otherwise changeable as required. For this purpose, corresponding parameters T _L2 ; T ₆₂ ; T _L3 ; T ^* _e3 , the z. B. the real time T _L2 or T ' _L3 and / or the equivalent time constant T ₆₂ or T ₆₃ simulate and represent on the pilot element V _LZ adjustable. The setting should be made so that hereby a mathematically generated virtual dynamic setpoint course, for example setpoint Θ " ₂ , _so n or Θ" ₃ , _so n, substantially synchronously with the corresponding course of the measured value θ ₂ or θ ₃ for the Temperature is compared at the associated sensor S2 or S3 at node K2 or K3.

For the outer loop of the virtual modified setpoint Θ "corresponds _3, _as the n with the measured value to be compared setpoint Θ _{3, sθ} _{ιι, k,} since it is not corrected by a further control loop. In addition, no pilot member V _LZ is in the exemplary embodiment of In the standardization of the nomenclature here represents the setpoint θ ' ₃ , _S oiι without further change thus the setpoint θ " ₃ , _SO ιι represents.

Such a feedforward control element V _LZ , which represents the system model, is advantageous at least in the line and / or control model SRM ₁ for the setting of the desired value Control circuit or the control circuits provided, which the component-near sensor S2 and the component-near sensors S2; S3 are assigned. In the example, the two outer control circuits in their setpoint formation such a pilot control element V _LZ , ₂ ; V _LZ , 3 up. If the distance between the valve 07 and the sensor S1 also turns out to be too large and annoying, then it is also possible to provide a corresponding pilot control element V i, i in the setpoint formation for the inner control loop. Advantageously, therefore, that line and / or control model SRM ₁ , which is used to form the corrected setpoint value θ " _{b, So} iι to be processed in the memory and / or arithmetic unit 37, has a corresponding pilot control element V _{LZ] I.}

An improvement of the control dynamics can also be achieved in development of said control device 21, if the implementation of the desired setpoint course at the level of the innermost control loop by a Vorhalteglied V _{VH, I} in the form of a time constant exchanger z. B. 1. Order (lead-lag filter) is made faster and trailing distance. This pre-control in the form of the Vorhaltegliedes V _VH first causes an amplitude overshoot (overcompensation) in the reaction to accelerate the control process in a respective initial phase, and then returns to neutrality.

In order to rule out any stability problems, this measure is preferably carried out only in the setpoint component which is not influenced by actual values, ie before the respective node K1 '; K2 '(adding or subtracting point, etc. depending on the sign). To balance the outer regulators R2; R3 must then be compensated by corresponding Vorhalteglieder V _{VH, 2} and V _{VH, 3} in the more external control circuits there, which may be in addition to one or the aforementioned pilot controls V _WF with respect to the heat flow or V _L z with regard to the propagation time and / or the time constants in the setpoint formation of the following control loop. In the pilot control element V _VH , ι is the flow characteristic of the above elevation (relative to the input signal) shown and firmly held, but in height and course preferably via parameters or otherwise as required changed. In accordance with the physical order, the advance element V _{VH, I} with respect to the signal path is preferably arranged before the pilot control element V _LZ (if present) and after the pilot control element V _WF (if present). The pilot control element V _VH is also in one of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 4 regardless of the presence of the pilot control elements V _LZ , V _DZ , or V _AB (see below) or additionally used.

In the event that a precontrol member V _{VH, I is} provided for acceleration of the control process, that path and / or control model SRM ₁ should also be used to form the corrected target value θ " _b " to be processed in the storage and / or arithmetic unit 37 , _S oiι is used, a corresponding pilot element V _VH , ι have.

An improvement of the control dynamics can be achieved in training, if z. B. in addition to the or one of the aforementioned feedforward controls V _WF with respect to the heat flow, with respect. The running time and / or the time constant V _LZ and / or the Vorhalteglied V _VH a feedforward control with respect to the speed V _DZ . Depending on a machine speed n, more or less strong frictional heat is produced in a printing unit. If the mass flow of the fluid is to be kept substantially constant, it is possible to achieve increased frictional heat merely by lowering the fluid temperature and vice versa. The controller 21 described above would undoubtedly react over time to the change in frictional heat by decreasing or increasing the fluid temperature, but only when the temperature at the sensor S3 indicates the undesirable temperature.

In order to further increase the dynamics of the control device 21, in particular under changing operating conditions (start-up phase, speed change, etc.), the pilot control element is provided with respect to the rotational speed V _DZ , which is basically all subordinate setpoint formations, which thus have control variable character, ie the formation of the setpoint values Θ "i, _so n; θ" ₂ , soiι; θ _"3iSO ιι may be superimposed. However, the superposition of the outer loop does not make sense, as long as the measured value of the sensor S3 (ie, the circumferential surface z. B. the temperature of the effective surface itself) represents the technologically last valid actual value. Therefore, acts in Embodiment, the pilot control member V _DZ only to the formation of the setpoints Θ "i, _so n and θ" ₂ , _S oiι, by a correction value dθ _n the theoretical control value θ ' ₂ generated by the pre-control member V _{2, WF} upstream of the second control loop , _SO is superimposed ιι. the therefrom resulting setpoint θ _'2, _SO ιι, n directly or via appropriate pilot elements V _{VH, I} and / or V _L z, ι for setpoint formation of the second control loop (R2) and at the same time via the pilot member V _{WF, I} and possibly the pilot control element V _{VH, I used} to set the desired value of the first control loop (R1) in the pilot control element V _DZ is a relationship between the engine speed n and a suitable fixed correction, which is preferably changeable via parameters or in any other way as needed. The pilot control element V _DZ is preferably supplied with the modified speed setpoint n ^* _SO ιι formed by the storage and / or arithmetic unit 37. The pilot control element V _DZ is independent of the presence of the pilot control elements V _LZ ; V _VH ; (SU) or V _AB (see below) or in addition to one or more of these.

However, if the sensor S3 does not measure the lateral surface, but rather a temperature inside the component (which is not technologically the last valid temperature), then it may also make sense to have the pilot control element V _DZ also act on the outer control circuit (R3) , The same applies to an external control loop, which does not receive the measured value directly from the component 01, but from a sensor S4 arranged after flow of the component 01; S5 (see Figs. 1 and 5), u. U. linked to the measured value from S2 refers.

Is the control circuit whose route and / or control model SRM _{1 is used} to form the in the memory and / or arithmetic unit 37 to be processed corrected setpoint θ "b, soiι, preceded by a corresponding pilot control element V _DZ (For example, in FIG. 4, the inner and the middle control loop), so the correction value dθ _n of the corrected target value θ " _b , _S oiι containing the speed correction should be used in the memory and / or computing unit to avoid feedback 37 be subtracted again.

In Fig. 4 is in training - possibly directly - before the node K1 to form the corrected setpoint θi, _SO ιι, k another pilot control V _AB , ι as a dynamic model member, z. B. a rise limiter V _{AB, I} , in particular non-linear, provided. This feels the finite control time (not equal to zero) and the real limitation of the actuator 07 in terms of its maximum travel after, ie even when requesting a very strong change, only a limited opening of the valve 07 and thus a limited amount of tempered fluid from the Primary circuit 04 are supplied. In the pilot control element V _AB the said increase limit (valve characteristic) is shown and fixed, but preferably via parameters or in any other way as required. The pilot control element V _AB is independent of the presence of the pilot control elements V _L z, _h V _{VH, I} , or V _DZ or additionally used. However, if such a pilot control element V _AB is provided in front of the innermost control loop, then this should also be provided in the control circuits located further outside. In an advantageous embodiment, therefore, that line and / or control model SRM ₁ , which is used to form the corrected setpoint value Θ " _{b, so} used in the memory and / or arithmetic unit 37, has a corresponding pilot control element V _{AB] I} ,

Fig. 5 shows a further development of the previously described embodiments of the first or innermost control circuit. A measured value θ _{5 of} a sensor S5 is detected near or in the region of the partial section 14, ie at a short distance from the injection point 16, and additionally used for regulation in the innermost control loop. For this purpose, the measured value θ _{5 is} fed as an input value into a further pilot control element V _NU for dynamic zero-point suppression. The measured value θ ₅ gives information about which Temperature the returning fluid for the upcoming mixture with fed, cooling or heating fluid will be available. If the measured value θ ₅ suddenly changes sharply, for example the temperature drops sharply, a correspondingly opposite signal σ, for example a sharp increase in the opening at the valve 07, is generated by the pilot control element V _NU and supplied to the controller R1. The pilot control element V _NU thus causes a counter-control of a change to be expected on the sensor S1 shortly before it has occurred there. Due to this feedforward control, this change will then ideally no longer occur there.

The course of the function and the gain of the pilot control element V _NU for this return temperature pilot control are fixed and can preferably be changed via parameters.

Fig. 6 shows a development of the previous embodiments of the outer control loop. In contrast to the previous explanations, the measured value θ _b = θ _{3 of} a sensor S3 detecting the component surface or located in the lateral surface, but the measured values Q ₂ and θ _{4 of the} component-near sensors S2 and S4 are in inflow for the outer control loop of the controller R3 and reflux line 12; 13 used. These are, together with a speed signal for the engine speed n in a logical unit L or in a logical process L based on a firmly stored, but preferably variable algorithm to a substitute measured value θ ₃ , z. B. the replacement temperature θ _b = θ _{3 of} the component 01 (or its surface) is processed. This substitute measured value θ ₃ is continued as a measured value or temperature θ ₃ instead of the measured value θ _{3 in} accordance with the abovementioned exemplary embodiments starting from the node K3.

The regulators R1; R2; R3 of the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 are in a simple embodiment as Pl controller R1; R2; R3 executed.

In an advantageous embodiment, however, at least the controllers R2 and R3 are referred to as so-called. "Runtime-based controller" or "Smith controller" executed. The time-based controllers R2 and R3, in particular runtime-based PI controllers R2 and R3, are shown and parameterized in FIG. 7 as an equivalent circuit diagram. The regulator R2; R3 has as an input the deviation Δθ ₂ ; Δθ ₃ on. It is as Pl controller R2; R3 with a configurable amplification factor V _R whose output signal via a Ersatzeitkonstantenglied G _Z κ and a delay element G _L z (or as in the pilot element V | _z shown as a member) is fed back.

In the runtime-based PI controller R2; R3 is the running or dead time of the controlled system and its time constant mapped and fixed, but preferably via parameters or in any other way as required. For this purpose, corresponding parameters T ^** ι_ ₂ ; T ^* _e2 ; T ^** ι_ ₃ ; T ^** e3, the z. B. the real time T _L2 or T ' _L3 and / or the time constant T ₆₂ or T _{63 are to} represent adjustable on the runtime-based PI controller R2 and R3. The values of the parameters T ^** _L2 ; T ^** _e2 ; T ^** _L3 ; T ^** _e3 and the values of the parameters T ^* _L2 ; T ^* _e2 ; T _L3 ; T ^* _e3 from the pilot control elements V _LZ ,, with regard to the transit time and the time constant should essentially coincide with the correct setting and reproduction of the controlled system, since both in the controller R2; R3 and in the pilot control element V _L z the corresponding controlled system is described by this. Thus, if both runtime-based PI controllers R2 and R3 as well as pilot control members V _LZ , ι are used in the control device 21, the same parameter sets once determined are used for both.

A section of the temperature control path shown schematically in Fig. 3 in an advantageous specific embodiment, Fig. 8. The inflow section 12 from the injection point 16 to a destination 22, d. H. the place whose environment or surface is to be cooled is shown in Fig. 8 in three sections 12.1; 12.2; 12.3 shown.

The first section 12.1 extends from the injection point 16 to the first measuring point M1 with the first sensor S1 and has a first path X1 and a first middle Running time T _u on. The second section 12.2 extends from the first measuring point M1 to a "component-near" measuring point M2 with the sensor S2, and has a second path X2 and a second average transit time T _L2 mean running time T _L3 for the fluid adjoins the second measuring point M2 and extends to the target location 22 (here the first contact of the fluid in the area of the extended lateral surface.) A total running time T of the fluid from the injection point 16 to the destination location thus results T _u + T _L2 + T _L3 .

The first measuring point M1 is selected "close to the feed point", ie at a short distance from the feed point 16, here the injection point 16. The measuring point M1 close to the feed point M1 or sensor S1 close to the center is here understood to mean a location in the region of the inflow distance 12 which corresponds to the transit time of the fluid T _{L is} less than one tenth, in particular as one twentieth, the distance from the feed point 16 until the first contact of the destination 22 (here the first contact of the fluid in the area of the extended lateral surface), ie T _L1 <0.1 T, in particular T _L1 <0.05 T. For a high control dynamics, the measuring point M1 lies with respect to the transit time of the fluid Tu for a maximum of 2 seconds, in particular a maximum of 1 second, away from the injection point 16. As already mentioned with reference to FIG Injection point 16, sensor S1 and the subsequent pump 1 1 in a temperature control 18, which forms a structural unit of the aggregates included le M1 is preferably in front of the pump 1 1. About detachable connections 23; 24 in the inflow section 12 and the reflux section 13 of the temperature control cabinet 18 is connected to the component 01.

In general, component 01 and temperature control cabinet 18 are not arranged directly adjacent to each other in the printing press, so that a line 26, z. B. a piping 26 or a hose 26, from the temperature control cabinet 18 to an inlet 27 into the component 01, z. B. to a bushing 27, in particular rotary feedthrough 27, has a correspondingly large length. The implementation in the roller 01 and the cylinder 01 is shown in Fig. 8 only schematically. Does the roller 01 or the cylinder 01 as usual a pin on the front side, it is carried out by the pin. The path of the fluid to the lateral surface and in the component 01 along the lateral surface is shown only symbolically and can in a known manner, for. B. in axial or spiral channels, in extended cavities, in a circular ring cross section, or in any other suitable ways below the lateral surface. The second measuring point M2 is selected "close to the component", ie, at a slight distance from the component 01 or the target location 22, in this case the lateral surface 2. A second sensor S2 close to the component M2 or a second sensor S2 close to the component is therefore understood to mean a location in the region of the inflow section 12 , which lies with respect to the running time of the fluid farther away than halfway from the injection point 16 to the first contact of the target location 22 (here the first contact of the fluid in the area of the extended lateral surface) .T _L2 > 0.5 T. To obtain high dynamics of the control with low structural complexity for rotating components 01, the second measuring point M2 in the region of the line 26 is stationary outside the rotating member 01, but is immediately, ie with respect to the running time of the fluid a maximum of 3 seconds Entry 27 removed in the component 01.

The third measuring point M3, if present, is likewise arranged at least "close to the component", but in particular "close to the target". Ie. It is located in the immediate vicinity of the target location 22 of the fluid or directly detects the surface to be tempered (here lateral surface of the roller 01). In an advantageous embodiment, the measuring point M3 does not detect the fluid temperature, such. In the immediate vicinity to the destination 22 is understood here that the sensor S3 is between circulating fluid in the component 01 and the lateral surface or contactlessly the temperature θ ₃ detected on the lateral surface.

In another embodiment of the temperature control can be dispensed with the measuring point M3. Conclusions on the temperature θ ₃ can be based on experience be obtained by the measured values of the measuring point M2, for example on the basis of a stored relationship, an offset, a functional relationship. For a desired temperature θ ₃ is then z. B., taking into account the machine or production parameters (including engine speed, ambient temperature and / or fluid flow rate, (squeegee) friction coefficient, thermal transmittance) to a desired temperature Q ₂ regulated as a target value. In this case, this must be taken into account when determining the rules Fi (n) and / or F ₂ (θ), since the temperature Q _{2 is} not the actual surface temperature, but ultimately a substitute temperature. The above provisions must then be determined or established under these conditions. The adaptation of the rules F ^ s) and / or F ₂ (G) to the local conditions, the measured value source is, however, ultimately make everywhere on the basis of circumstances where the object to be controlled actual value does not affect the roll surface or paint on the roller itself, but in the Control loop spaced (before or behind) is this. This adaptation can also be advantageous for the above-mentioned mean measured value θ ₃ .

In a further embodiment, the measuring point M3 is again omitted, conclusions about the temperature θ ₃ , however, from empirical values on the measured values of the measuring point M2 and the measuring point M4, for example again on the basis of a stored relationship, an offset, a functional relationship and / or by Averaging of the two measured values, won. For a desired temperature θ ₃ is then z. For example, either taking into account the machine or production parameters (such as engine speed, ambient temperature and / or fluid flow rate) again regulated to a desired temperature Q ₂ as a target value, or θ to the indirectly detected by the two measured values temperature. ₃ In FIG. 8, the inflow and outflow of the fluid into and out of the component 01 embodied as roller 01 or cylinder 01 are on the same end face. Accordingly, the rotary feedthrough is in this case with two terminals, or as shown with two coaxial in one another and coaxial with the roller 01 arranged bushings executed. The measuring point M4 is likewise arranged as close as possible to the bushing.

In the advantageous embodiment of the tempering device, this has on the section 12.1 between feed point 16 and the first measuring point M1 a Verwirbelungsstrecke 17, in particular a specially designed Verwirbelungskammer 17, on. As already mentioned above, the measuring point M1 should be arranged close to the feed point so that the fastest possible reaction times in the relevant control loop with the measuring point M1 and the actuator 07 can be realized. On the other hand, however, close to the feed point usually still no homogeneous mixture between fed and recirculated fluid (or in the heated / cooled fluid) is reached, so that errors in the measurement make it difficult and possibly the achievement of the final desired temperature θ ₃ on the component 01 considerably delay.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01 Component, roller, anilox roller, cylinder, forme cylinder

02 controlled system, temperature control section

03 cycle, first, secondary circuit

04 cycle, second, primary circuit

05 connection

06 junction, first

07 actuator, valve

08 junction, second

09 valve

10 junction

1 1 Drive, pump, turbine

12 inflow section

12.1 section, first

12.2 section, second

12.3 section, third

13 return line

14 leg

15 connection

16 feed-in point, injection point

17 Verwirbelungsstrecke, Verwirbelungskammer

18 temperature control cabinet 19

20 tempering device

21 control device, control process

22 destination

23 connection, detachable

24 connection, detachable 25 -

26 pipe, piping, hose

27 Entrance, implementation, rotary union

28 -

29 -

30 -

31 control level

32 drive, drive motor

33 drive control

34 engine

35 step

36 surge limiter

37 storage and / or computing means, computing process

38 step

39 surge limiter

40 -

41 speed ramp

42 funds

43 switches

I operating phase, phase

Il operating phase, phase

A1 to A3 areas, cross-sectional areas

K1 to K3 nodes

K1 'to K2' nodes

M1 to M5 measuring points

R1 to R3 controller, PI controller

S1 to S5 sensors S ₁ sensor (index i denotes the control loop)

M ₁ measuring point (index i denotes the control loop)

F ^ n) regulation, first

F ₂ (θ) rule, second

G _2K equivalent time constant member

G | _z delay element

L unit, logical, process

SRM route and / or control model

SRM ₁ route and / or control model (index i denotes the control loop)

STΘ3, OK switching signal

T ₆₁ time constant (index i denotes the control loop)

T ^* _eι parameter, _{equivalent time constant} (index i denotes the control loop)

T ^** eι parameter, equivalent time constant (index i denotes the control loop)

T ₆₂ time constant

T'e3 time constant at the sensor (S3)

Tu runtime, fluid (index i denotes the control loop)

T ' _L3 transit time, temperature response at the sensor (S3)

T ^* _{L |} Parameter, runtime (index i denotes the control loop)

T ^** _L , parameter, runtime (index i denotes the control loop)

T _v temperature, flow temperature VAB.I pilot tax

V _NU pilot control element

V _DZ pilot control element

VV _H. _{I lead member} (index i denotes the control loop, if applicable)

VW _F. _I pilot element (index i denotes the control loop, if applicable)

V | _z pilot control element, delay element

Vι_z, ι pilot control element (index i denotes the control loop if necessary)

V _R gain factor

a factor

dθ, size, output dθ _n correction value

n machine speed, machine speed, speed risoii speed setpoint, specified n ^* _SO ιι speed setpoint, modified n'son speed setpoint, corrected

θ, temperature, measured value (index i denotes the control loop) θ ₃ temperature, measured value, substitute temperature, substitute measured value

Θ ₃ , soiι setpoint, third control loop θ ,, soiι, k setpoint, corrected (index i denotes the control loop)

Θ ' _LSON setpoint, theoretical (index i denotes the control loop) θ' ,, soiι, n setpoint (index i denotes the control loop)

0 ",, _SOM setpoint, theoretical (index i denotes the control loop) θ _b temperature, surface temperature θb.soii setpoint θ'Vsoii setpoint, corrected

Δ adjustment command

ΔP difference in pressure level

Δθ, deviation

σ signal

Claims

claims

1. A method for controlling a printing press, wherein by means of a tempering device (20, 21) at least one rotating component (01) of at least one printing unit with respect to a setpoint for the component temperature representing temperature (θ _b ) is controlled, and wherein at least one drive (32) of an aggregate of the printing press on the basis of a predetermined by a control plane (31) speed setpoint (n _so n) with respect to a speed (n) to be observed and / or controlled, characterized in that at least for a respect Speed (n) transient operating phase (I) by the control plane (31) predetermined speed setpoint (n _so n) by taking into account at least one member of the tempering (20, 21) characterizing route and / or control model (SRM) and / or Application of a rule (F ₂ (G)) for a dependence of a speed (n) of a temperature (θ) is modified, and the modifizi erte speed setpoint (n ^* _SO ιι) as a default value for the speed (n) of the drives (32) is used.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that from a by the control plane (31) predetermined speed setpoint (n _S0 n) using a first rule (F ₁ (Ii)) a desired value (θ _b , _S oiι) for the Component temperature representing and to be controlled temperature (θ _b ) is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that adapted to adapt the speed specification to the dynamics of the tempering (20, 21) of this setpoint (θb.soii) by taking into account the at least one member of the distance and / or control model (SRM) is that a thus resulting corrected setpoint (Θ " _b , _so n) for the temperature (θ _b ) at least partially considered the influences and the behavior of the controlled system.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that from the respect. Of the controlled system corrected setpoint (θ " _b , _S oiι) using the second rule F ₂ (G) a corrected speed setpoint (n ' _so n) is formed.

5. The method according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the second rule (F ₂ (G)) represents the inverse function or an inverse relation to the first rule (F ₁ (n)).

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that from line and / or control models (SRM) of a plurality of tempering (20, 21) derived corrected speed setpoints (n ' _so n) are evaluated with respect to their minimum.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the corrected speed setpoint (n ' _so n) with the by the control plane (31) originally predetermined speed setpoint (n _so n) is weighted mixed.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that this desired value (θ _{b, So} iι) of the control device (21) is supplied.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a route and / or control model (SRM) a distance and / or control model (SRM) of a control device (21) of the tempering (20, 21) is used.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the regulation of the temperature (θ _b ) in the control device (21) by at least two cascade-like interconnected control circuits.

1 1. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that as a route and / or control model (SRM) the route and / or control model (SRM) of the outer Control circuit of the control device (21) is applied.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a member of the distance and / or control model (SRM) with respect to a. The heat flow (V _WF ) is used, which anticipated heat or cooling losses on the controlled system (02) considered.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that is used as a member of the distance and / or control model (SRM), a pilot element with respect. The running time and / or the time constant (V _L z).

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a member of the distance and / or control model (SRM) a precontrol with respect. A targeted amplitude increase by means of a Vorhaltegliedes (V _VH ) is used.

15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a member of the distance and / or control model (SRM) a precontrol with respect. An actuator characteristic by means of a rise limiter (V _AB ) is used.

16. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rule F ₂ (θ) for a dependence of a rotational speed (n) of a temperature (θ) in a computing and / or memory unit (37) is maintained.

17. The method according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the provision (F ^ n)) for a dependence of a temperature (θ) of a rotational speed (n) in a computing and / or storage unit (37) is maintained.

18. An apparatus for controlling a printing machine, wherein a tempering device (20, 21) for controlling the temperature of at least one rotating component (01) at least a printing unit is provided, by means of which a component temperature representing temperature (θ _b ) with respect to a setpoint (θ _b , _S oiι) is controllable, and wherein at least one drive (32) of an aggregate of the printing press on the basis of a by a control plane (31) predetermined speed setpoint (n _so n) with respect to a speed to be observed (n) is controllable and / or controllable, characterized in that computing and / or control means (37) are provided, in which a first rule F ^ n ) for a dependency of a temperature (θ) on a rotational speed (n) and a second rule (F ₂ (G)) for a dependency of a rotational speed (n) on a temperature (θ), and that one of the control plane ( 31) outputted speed setpoint (n _S0 n) first by the first rule to a setpoint (θ _b , _SO ιι) for a temperature (θ _b ), and by the second rule after passing through a route and / or control model (SRM) the tempering device (20, 21) back into a modified speed setpoint (n ^* _SO ιι) is changeable.