EP2187124B1 - Gasheizkessel mit Rauschreduktionsanordnung - Google Patents

Gasheizkessel mit Rauschreduktionsanordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2187124B1
EP2187124B1 EP20090014219 EP09014219A EP2187124B1 EP 2187124 B1 EP2187124 B1 EP 2187124B1 EP 20090014219 EP20090014219 EP 20090014219 EP 09014219 A EP09014219 A EP 09014219A EP 2187124 B1 EP2187124 B1 EP 2187124B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
standing wave
gas
arm
boiler
gas boiler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20090014219
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2187124A2 (de
EP2187124A3 (de
Inventor
Neil Richard John Kirby
Peter Graham Hickman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ideal Boilers Ltd
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Ideal Boilers Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2187124A3 publication Critical patent/EP2187124A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2187124B1 publication Critical patent/EP2187124B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M20/00—Details of combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for, e.g. means for storing heat from flames
    • F23M20/005—Noise absorbing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/13003—Means for reducing the noise in smoke conducing ducts or systems

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a gas boiler including a burner, a heat exchanger, a sump, a flue gas outlet system and a noise reduction arrangement.
  • Noise is produced in combustion systems, such as gas fired boilers, due to resonance of oscillations set up in the gas stream and associated components that share a natural frequency or its harmonics, and consequent vibration of ducting and other parts as well as the directly generated sound.
  • JP2003166689 Tokyo Gas
  • a standing wave is established by locating a buffer tank in an exhaust pipe, and a plurality of branch pipes are connected to the main pipe, each branch pipe having a different resonant frequency, and spaced by respective distances from the baffle tank related to their respective resonant frequencies. This has the effect of creating interference which suppresses the wave, and thus reducing the noise level.
  • Such a device, using a plurality of frequencies is relatively complex, and an object of the invention is to provide a noise reduction arrangement which is simple in construction but nevertheless effective.
  • the standing wave arm may be configured to generate a standing wave in proportion to one half of the wavelength of a resonant frequency to be attenuated.
  • the standing wave arm may be configured to generate a standing wave that is substantially equal to one half of the wavelength of the resonant frequency to be attenuated or it may be configured to generate a standing wave that approximates sufficiently closely to one half of the wavelength of the resonant frequency to be attenuated as required to achieve an acceptable level of attenuation in a given application.
  • the standing wave arm may comprise a column.
  • the length of the column may be adjustable.
  • the column may be aligned generally upright and a condensate drain may be provided at a lower end of the column.
  • the flue gas outlet system may be orthogonally connected with the standing arm at the mid-point of the standing wave leading to a flue outlet.
  • the configuration of the flue gas outlet system may be as desired and have such other features as may be required to achieve other objectives, such as prevention of rainwater entry, condensation traps, and cleansing the outlet gas of noxious or environmentally damaging components.
  • the burner may be a dual port burner.
  • the apparatus may also include a Helmholtz resonator.
  • the Helmholtz resonator may be mounted to the sump of the boiler, integrated into the standing wave arm or elsewhere in the flue system.
  • the Helmholtz resonator may be configured to attenuate a first resonant frequency and the standing wave arm may be configured to generate a standing wave in proportion to one half of the wavelength of second resonant frequency.
  • the standing wave arm may be configured to generate a standing wave that is substantially equal to one half of the wavelength of the second resonant frequency to be attenuated or it may be configured to generate a standing wave that approximates sufficiently closely to one half of the wavelength of the second resonant frequency to be attenuated as required to achieve an acceptable level of attenuation in a given application.
  • a heating installation comprises a boiler 9 having a gas burner 10 and a heat exchanger 11.
  • the heat exchanger has one or more gas passages 12 through which combustion or flue gas is passed from the burner into a sump 13 at the base of the heater exchanger stack.
  • the heat exchanger stack may also have features to aid heat transfer from the gas passing through the one or more passages 12 such as pins or fins as is known in the art.
  • the flue gas exits the sump via a burner gas outlet 14.
  • the flue gas From the outlet 14, the flue gas enters a generally vertical column 15 which is closed at its upper end and which forms a standing wave arm. At a mid-point 16 of the column, a horizontal connection is made to a gas flue outlet system 17, which in the present embodiment includes a conduit forming a vertical flue section 18.
  • the apparatus as so far described is typically provided as a boiler unit encased in an outer casing, indicated schematically by dashed lines 19.
  • the upper end of vertical flue section 18 is provided with a connector (not shown) for connection with an external flue conduit system (also not shown) to lead the flue gas to an external outlet in a known manner.
  • the external flue conduit system may extend vertically or horizontally, or indeed in any other direction, from the end of the vertical flue section 18 depending on the requirements of the installation.
  • the gas flue outlet system 17 and/or the external flue conduit system may be outfitted as necessary with any cowls, gas cleansing devices or the like required for efficiency or effectiveness or to comply with local environmental regulations or laws. It should also be appreciated that the gas flue outlet system 17 may take other forms than that shown in the illustrated embodiment depending on the application requirements, provided that it is connected with the standing wave arm at the mid-point of the standing wave as discussed below.
  • the standing wave arm 15 is configured to generate a standing wave in the column.
  • the flue gas outlet system 17 is connected to the standing wave arm 15 at the mid-point 16 of the standing wave where the acoustic pressure is substantially zero (see the graph to the right of the Figure 1 ).
  • the standing wave arm 15 is filled with flue gas, of which that which is in the upper half above is effectively trapped, and the main flow of gas into the flue gas outlet system 17 is taken off at 16 at the zero acoustic pressure point, so that the gas entering the flue gas outlet system 17 has zero, or very little acoustic energy and so generates only a low level of noise.
  • This arrangement operates to reduce noise levels by acoustically decoupling the flue gas outlet system 17 from the burner, which is typically the source of resonance in a combustion system. This accordingly leads to quieter gas heating installations, and reduced noise pollution.
  • the standing wave arm 15 is configured to attenuate a particular resonant frequency of the system.
  • the standing wave arm 15 is configured to generate a standing wave which is one half the wavelength of the resonant frequency to be attenuated and accordingly will have a length L which is one half the wavelength of the resonant frequency.
  • a standing wave arm 15 having a length L which is equal to one half the wavelength of the resonant frequency may be too long to incorporate in a commercially viable boiler unit. Nevertheless, significant benefits can still be obtained by using a standing wave arm 15 having a length L which is less than one half the wavelength A of the resonant frequency and a certain amount of compromise is required to achieve acceptable levels of attenuation whilst meeting packaging requirements in terms of the overall size of the boiler unit.
  • a boiler system had a resonant frequency f of 320 Hz and the speed of sound C in the flues gas at an operating temperature of 80° Celsius was 380 m/s.
  • an excellent level of attenuation was found to be achieved.
  • the system was also found to be tolerant to variations in the gas/air mixture in the burner such that the products of combustion in the flue gas could vary in excess of +/- 2% CO2 without any significant resonance problems.
  • a standing wave arm 15 having a length of 594 mm was not viable in a commercial embodiment of the boiler and a standing wave arm having a length of 460mm was adopted.
  • the shorter standing wave arm was found to provide satisfactorily levels of attenuation but with a reduced tolerance to variations in the gas/air ratio such that a maximum difference of +/- 1% CO2 in the products of combustion could be accommodated. This was deemed to be acceptable in the particular application.
  • the standing wave arm 15' can be offset downwardly relative to outlet 14 from the sump so that the flue gas enters the standing wave arm 15' through the side of the arm 15' at a position between its ends. This may be advantageous in allowing the use of a standing wave arm 15' which is longer than could otherwise be accommodated in a given size of casing.
  • the amount X by which the standing arm 15' is offset is selected in accordance with requirements but generally should be kept to a minimum. In tests, offsetting the standing wave arm in this way has been found to have no noticeable detrimental effect on the operation of the system in attenuating a resonant frequency.
  • condensate may collect in the region of the arm 15' below the outlet 14 from the boiler.
  • the build up of condensate in the column will alter the effective length of the column of gas and so vary the standing wave.
  • a condensate drain 20 is provided in the base of the standing wave arm 15'.
  • a similar drain can also be provided in the base of the standing wave arm 15 in the arrangement shown in Figure 1 .
  • the standing wave arm may be curved or S shaped to enable it to be fitted within a desired casing size.
  • the burner may be a dual port burner in which the flame area is divided into regions of different flame size. This avoids a single common frequency and significantly reduces the intensity of the resonance.
  • a Helmholtz resonator can also be used in conjunction with a standing wave arm to attenuate resonant frequencies in a combustion system.
  • a Helmholtz resonator comprises a closed chamber having a narrow opening and can be used to attenuate a resonant frequency by allowing the flue gas to oscillate against the closed chamber, with the volume in the chamber acting like a spring to absorb the energy of resonance.
  • a Helmholtz resonator 21 is shown mounted to the boiler 9.
  • the resonator 21 comprises a body 22 defining a chamber 23 and having an open neck region 24 which is in fluid connection with the flue gas in the sump 13.
  • the resonator 21 in this case is connected with a side wall of the sump 13 and has the neck region 24 located towards a lower edge of the chamber so that condensate can drain out of the resonator into the sump.
  • the resonator is typically designed to attenuate one resonant frequency whilst the standing wave arm is configured to attenuate a second and usually a more significant resonant frequency.
  • a first resonant frequency of about 420hz occurred for a few seconds after ignition and a second frequency of about 320Hz occurred as the boiler modulated towards a maximum rate.
  • the Helmholtz resonator 21 can be configured to attenuate the 420Hz frequency whilst the standing wave arm 15' is configured to attenuate the 320Hz frequency.
  • a Helmholtz resonator may have an impact on the operation of the standing wave arm and may also require the geometry of the standing wave arm to be varied somewhat from its theoretical requirements in order to achieve acceptable levels of attenuation.
  • a standing wave arm 15' having a length L of about 460mm and a diameter of 55 mm was used.
  • a Helmholtz resonator 21 can be integrated at any point in the flue or exhaust gas system and could be integrated into a standing wave arm 15, 15', for example.
  • the attached drawings are diagrammatic only, and the type and nature of the burner and heat exchanger or boiler installation may be any required, and also the disposition of the flue gas outlet may be varied as needs be.
  • the standing wave arm 15, 15' may be in any orientation suitable, such as horizontal.
  • the standing wave arm may also be made to be variable in length, e.g. comprising telescopic sections or movable internal baffles, so that the standing wave can be tuned to the resonant frequency of the installation, which must otherwise be calculated or measured, in advance of installation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Gaskessel, der einen Brenner (10), einen Wärmetauscher (11), einen Sammelbehälter (13) und ein Abgasauslasssystem enthält, wobei der Gaskessel eine Lärmminderungsanordnung enthält und ferner dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass er einen mit dem Gasauslass (14) des Brenners verbundenen Stehwellenarm (15, 15') zum Erzeugen einer stehenden Welle umfasst, wobei mit dem Stehwellenarm an einem Mittelpunkt (16) der stehenden Welle, wo der Schalldruck im Wesentlichen null ist, ein Abgasauslasssystem (17) verbunden ist.
  2. Gaskessel nach Anspruch 1, in dem der Stehwellenarm (15, 15') dafür konfiguriert ist, eine stehende Welle zu erzeugen, die einer Hälfte der Wellenlänge einer zu dämpfenden Resonanzfrequenz entspricht oder sich dieser annähert.
  3. Gaskessel nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, in dem der Brennergasauslass (14) mit dem Stehwellenarm (15) an einem Ende des Stehwellenarms fluidtechnisch verbunden ist.
  4. Gaskessel nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, in dem der Brennergasauslass (14) an einer Stelle zwischen den Enden des Stehwellenarms mit dem Stehwellenarm (15') fluidtechnisch verbunden ist.
  5. Gaskessel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, in dem der Stehwellenarm (15, 15') eine Säule umfasst.
  6. Gaskessel nach Anspruch 5, in dem die Länge der Säule einstellbar ist.
  7. Gaskessel nach Anspruch 5 oder Anspruch 6, in dem die Säule allgemein aufrecht ausgerichtet ist.
  8. Gaskessel nach Anspruch 7, in dem an einem unteren Ende der Säule ein Kondensatablass (22) vorgesehen ist.
  9. Gaskessel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, in dem das Abgasauslasssystem (17) an dem Mittelpunkt der stehenden Welle, der zu einem Abgasauslass führt, mit dem Stehwellenarm (15, 15') orthogonal verbunden ist.
  10. Gaskessel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, in dem der Brenner (10) ein Dual-Anschluss-Brenner ist.
  11. Gaskessel nach Anspruch 10, in dem der Brennergasauslass (14) von dem Sammelbehälter (13) des Kessels herausgeführt ist.
  12. Gaskessel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, in dem die Vorrichtung einen Helmholtz-Resonator (21) umfasst.
  13. Gaskessel nach Anspruch 12, wenn abhängig von Anspruch 10 oder Anspruch 11, in dem der Helmholtz-Resonator (21) an dem Sammelbehälter (13) des Kessels angebracht ist.
  14. Gaskessel nach Anspruch 12 oder Anspruch 13, in dem der Helmholtz-Resonator (21) zum Dämpfen einer ersten Resonanzfrequenz und der Stehwellenarm (15, 15') zum Erzeugen einer stehenden Welle, die einer Hälfte der Wellenlänge der zweiten Resonanzfrequenz entspricht oder sich dieser annähert, konfiguriert ist.
EP20090014219 2008-11-15 2009-11-13 Gasheizkessel mit Rauschreduktionsanordnung Active EP2187124B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0820946A GB0820946D0 (en) 2008-11-15 2008-11-15 Combustion system noise reduction

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2187124A2 EP2187124A2 (de) 2010-05-19
EP2187124A3 EP2187124A3 (de) 2011-12-21
EP2187124B1 true EP2187124B1 (de) 2014-12-31

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20090014219 Active EP2187124B1 (de) 2008-11-15 2009-11-13 Gasheizkessel mit Rauschreduktionsanordnung

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EP (1) EP2187124B1 (de)
GB (1) GB0820946D0 (de)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH478335A (de) * 1966-03-15 1969-09-15 Andersson Louis Schalldämpfer
GB1513473A (en) * 1974-08-28 1978-06-07 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Method and apparatus for silencing the exhaust noise of internal combustion engines
DE2831376A1 (de) * 1978-06-29 1980-01-17 Louis Andersson Auspuffsystem fuer eine pulsierende waermequelle
DE3517859A1 (de) * 1985-05-17 1986-11-20 Wolf Klimatechnik GmbH, 8302 Mainburg Heizungskessel
JPS643407A (en) * 1987-04-16 1989-01-09 Rinnai Kk Combustion plate
DE9011555U1 (de) * 1990-08-03 1990-12-20 Zeuna-Stärker GmbH & Co KG, 8900 Augsburg Schalldämpfer für Heizungsanlagen, insbesondere in Gebäuden
CH692095A5 (de) * 1995-03-23 2002-01-31 Vaillant Gmbh Brennstoffbeheiztes Heizgerät.
DE29821890U1 (de) * 1998-12-08 2000-04-20 Ruhland, Manfred, 81929 München Schalldämpfender Stahlkamin-Anschlußkasten
DE29909299U1 (de) * 1999-05-27 1999-10-07 Man B & W Diesel Ag, 86153 Augsburg Schalldämpfer zur Dämpfung von Geräuschen, die beim Austreten von Abgasen aus einer Abgasöffnung entstehen
JP2003166689A (ja) 2001-11-28 2003-06-13 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 圧力変動低減装置および圧力変動低減方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2187124A2 (de) 2010-05-19
GB0820946D0 (en) 2008-12-24
EP2187124A3 (de) 2011-12-21

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