EP2182127A1 - Structure comprising a first and a second wall leaf, substantially vertical and spaced apart - Google Patents

Abstract

The structure has two vertical walls (12, 13) separated from one another, where each wall has construction elements (14) assembled together at the level of a horizontal joint plane. A space bar (22) is in the form of U-shaped elastically deformable strip, and has a bracing zone i.e. base (25), whose width defines a space between the walls. A branch (24) and another branch are extended from the base. The branches have slips that are inserted in grooves (17) of the elements, respectively. The base has a fixation zone that is fixed to a U-sectioned vertical post (1) and is constituted of a slot.

Description

The invention relates to a structure comprising a first and a second substantially vertical walls, spaced from one another.

This type of structure is generally known as the double skin partition and allows in particular to accommodate a thermal or acoustic insulation between the walls. The space between the two walls can also be used for the passage of electrical ducts or water circulation ducts.

A structure of this type is known from the document FR 1 544 405 .

This document describes a structure comprising a first and a second substantially vertical walls, spaced apart from one another, each wall comprising at least two building elements assembled to one another at a horizontal joint plane. , each building element comprising at least one groove extending longitudinally and opening at the joint plane, the structure further comprising at least one spacer, attached to each of the walls at the joint plane, and having a zone d spacer whose length defines the spacing between the walls, said structure further comprising at least a substantially vertical upright, intended to support the walls.

The mounting of such a structure is tedious. Indeed, during assembly, the two walls are mounted simultaneously, by row of building elements. Thus, a fitter must mount, in parallel, the construction elements of the first and second walls, corresponding to a first row, and then set up the spacers to retain said building elements. Then, a second row of building elements is added on the first.

However, a single editor can hardly affix simultaneously building elements belonging to two rows.

The invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by providing a structure that is easy to install and whose walls can be easily attached to the uprights.

For this purpose, the invention relates to a structure comprising a first and a second substantially vertical wall, spaced apart from each other, each wall comprising at least two building elements assembled to one another at the level of a horizontal joint plane, each construction element having at least one groove extending longitudinally and opening at the joint plane, the structure further comprising at least one spacer, attached to each of the walls at the joint plane, and having a spacer zone whose length defines the spacing between the walls, said structure further comprising at least one substantially vertical upright, intended to support the walls, characterized in that said spacer is in the form of an elastically deformable blade generally U-shaped, delimiting a base from which extend first and second branches respectively provided with a first and second a second tongues directed downwards, respectively inserted in the grooves of the building elements of the first and second walls, the base of the spacer being equipped with fastening means to the upright.

The U-shape of the spacer gives a certain elastic deformability to the spacer since the branches can, to a certain extent, pivot relative to each other about the axis formed by the base of the U.

In this way, during assembly of the structure, the fitter affixes a first construction element of the first wall on the upright, fixes the spacer to said upright, then engages the corresponding fin of the spacer in the groove. The construction element is then held in position on the upright. The assembler thus proceeds to mount a plurality of building elements and form a first row of the first wall.

Then, a second row of building elements is mounted on the first, in the same manner as before, until the first wall is completely mounted.

The fitter then affixes a first construction element of the second wall against the corresponding amount and deforms the second branch of the corresponding spacer, so as to engage the tongue in the groove of the building element. As previously, the assembler can thus form the first row of the second wall, then the successive rows, to form the entire second wall.

It is thus noted that a single erector can easily mount a complete structure or partition.

In addition, the elastic deformability of the spacers ensures the clamping of the construction elements against the uprights and makes it possible to compensate for any slight misalignment between the building elements.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the upright is in the general form of a U-shaped section, open in the general direction of the walls, the fastening means comprising a blade-shaped attachment zone, extending in the extension of the base and having two edges from which respectively extend at least two elastic lateral wings, said attachment zone being inserted into the upright so that said fins are braced against the legs of the upright.

This feature further simplifies the mounting and fixing the spacer on the amount. Thus, in particular, an assembler may engage said spacer in the upright, obliquely with respect to the joint plane, then, by pivoting the spacer until it is located in the joint plane, force the lateral fins against the side walls of the upright so as to obtain the fixing of said spacer on the upright.

Advantageously, the free end of each leg of the upright comprises a return, oriented substantially perpendicularly to the plane of said leg and extending in the direction of the other leg, said fixing zone comprising a slot extending from each of the edges, each return being inserted into the corresponding slot.

In this way, it avoids any accidental removal of the spacer out of the amount.

According to one characteristic of the invention, each branch comprises at least one cutout disposed opposite the corresponding groove, intended for the insertion of a key in this groove.

Advantageously, the structure comprises at least one key, inserted into the grooves of two juxtaposed building elements, said key being mounted astride each of said juxtaposed building elements.

The dimensions of the above-mentioned cut-out are chosen so that, regardless of the position of the upright and of the spacer, it is ensured that the key can be correctly positioned, that is to say it can be positioned astride two building elements juxtaposed, and this for a distance sufficient to ensure a reliable mechanical connection between these two building elements.

According to one embodiment of the invention, said key comprises an elongate body, intended to be inserted into the corresponding grooves, and a first and a second foot extending from each side of the body, intended to bear against the surfaces of the building elements delimiting the joint plane.

The feet allow to keep in position the key once it is inserted in the groove or grooves. In addition, the feet allow to space the surfaces of the building elements delimiting the joint plane.

The term "joint plane" then defines, not a plane of zero thickness, but a thin zone, located between the building elements concerned.

Preferably, the thickness of the feet, that is to say the dimension of said feet along the axis of the amount, is greater than the thickness of the spacer.

This ensures that each building element abuts against the feet of the key concerned and not against the spacer.

According to a feature of the invention, each building element comprises at least one cell, the structure comprising at least one key having a first portion inserted into a cell of a building element and a second portion protruding from the cell element. corresponding construction, intended to be engaged in an alévole or groove of an adjacent building element, or intended to be engaged in an additional rail fixed for example to the ceiling or the ground.

• Figure 1 est une vue en perpsective d'une armature d'une structure selon l'invention ;
• Figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'une partie de la structure ;
• Figure 3 est une vue en coupe de la structure ;
• Figure 4 est une vue agrandie de détail de la structure ;
• Figure 5 est une vue correspondant à la figure 3, dans laquelle la structure comportent un angle ;
• Figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une entretoise ;
• Figure 7 est une vue en perspective d'un montant ;
• Figure 8 est une vue, de dessus, d'un élément de construction ;
• Figure 9 est une vue en perspective d'une clavette.

In any case, the invention will be better understood from the following description with reference to the attached schematic drawing showing, by way of example, an embodiment of this structure.

• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a frame of a structure according to the invention;
• Figure 2 is a perspective view of part of the structure;
• Figure 3 is a sectional view of the structure;
• Figure 4 is an enlarged detail view of the structure;
• Figure 5 is a view corresponding to the figure 3 in which the structure has an angle;
• Figure 6 is a perspective view of a spacer;
• Figure 7 is a perspective view of an amount;
• Figure 8 is a view, from above, of a construction element;
• Figure 9 is a perspective view of a key.

As it appears in Figures 1 to 3 , the structure comprises a frame comprising a plurality of vertical uprights 1, fixed to horizontal lower and upper rails 2, 3.

The structure can incorporate door frames 4 or window, as well as any type of opening.

As it appears in figure 6 each upright 1 has the shape of a U-shaped profile, comprising a base 7 from which extend two branches 8, 9 parallel to each other, said branches delimiting an internal space 10. amount 1 is open in the general plane of the frame.

Each branch 8, 9 of the upright 1 has a return 11, oriented substantially perpendicular to the plane of said branch 8, 9 and extending towards the other branch 9, 8.

The structure further comprises first and second walls 12, 13 spaced apart from each other, each wall comprising at least a first and a second building element 14, for example terracotta facing panels assembled together. to one another at a joint plane 15 ( figure 3 ).

Each construction element 14 has two horizontal peripheral surfaces 16 in which grooves 17 extending longitudinally and two vertical peripheral surfaces 18 are provided, at the level of which cavities 19 open out.

As illustrated in figures 2 , 4 and 5 , the structure may comprise several adjacent building elements 14 delimiting between them vertical joint planes 20 ( figure 4 ) and several superimposed building elements 14 delimiting between them horizontal joint planes 15.

The space delimited by the two walls 12, 13 is filled with panels of insulating material 21, for example glass wool. Other types of material forming a thermal and / or acoustic insulation may be used. The aforementioned space can also be used for the passage, if necessary, of electrical ducts or water circulation pipes.

The structure further comprises spacers 22, fixed to the upright 1 and attached to each of the walls 12, 13.

The structure of a spacer 22 is shown more particularly in the figure 6 .

This is in the form of a flat sheet cut and folded having, in top view, a generally U-shaped. The spacer thus has first and second branches 23, 24, a base 25 and a plane of symmetry P.

The lateral edge of each branch 23, 24 comprises a tongue 26 formed by folding and extending substantially perpendicular to the plane of the spacer.

In addition, two cutouts 27 opening at the edge 28 of the base 25 of the U are formed in the spacer 22. More specifically, the cutouts 28 are flared towards the edge 28 above. The average width of each cutout 27 corresponds substantially to the width of the grooves 17 of the building elements 14.

An attachment zone 29 extends outwardly from the edge 28 of the base 25, said attachment zone 29 having first and second side edges each having a fin 30 formed by folding and extending substantially perpendicularly. in the plane of the spacer 22, in the opposite direction to the tongues 26.

In addition, the attachment zone 29 has a slot 31 extending from each side edge, in the continuity of the edge 28 of the base 25. Each slot 31 has an outwardly flared shape.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5 the spacers 22 are arranged at the level of the horizontal joint planes 15, so that the tongues 26 are engaged in the grooves 17 of the construction elements 14. More particularly, the spacing between the branches 23, 24 is adjusted by so that the branches 23, 24 have, because of their elasticity, tend to bring the building elements 14 of the first and second walls 12, 13.

In addition, the fastening zone 29 is inserted inside the profiled upright 1 so that the fins 30 bear against the branches 8, 9 in order to bend against it, and to this end that the returns 11 are inserted into the slots 31. In this position, the cutouts 27 are located facing the grooves 17.

As illustrated in figure 4 , assembly keys 32 are arranged in the grooves of two juxtaposed building elements, each key 32 being mounted astride two juxtaposed building elements.

The structure of a key 32 is better represented at figure 9 . This comprises an elongate body 33 whose longitudinal edges 34 are thinned, and first and second feet 35 extending on each side of the body 33, intended to bear against the horizontal peripheral surfaces 16 defining the plane of 15. The thickness of the feet 35, that is to say the dimension of said feet 35 along the axis of the upright 1, is greater than the thickness of the spacer 22. In this way, during assembly, it is ensured that the construction elements 14 bear against the feet of the spacers 35, so as to provide a small gap at the level of the joint plane 15.

In addition, a clearance 36 is formed in each of the longitudinal edges 34, at a central region thereof. These clearances 36 allow to clear cutting burrs appearing during their manufacture.

Depending on the position of the uprights 1 and spacers 22, the keys 32 may be inserted, at least in part, into the cutouts 27 (see FIG. figure 5 ).

Due to the flared shape of the cutouts 27, the keys 32 can be force-driven into the cutting base 27. The trapezoidal shape of the cutouts 27 ensures the plating of the building elements 14 on the uprights 1 forming the framework.

Shims are also interposed between the building elements 14, at the level of the vertical joint planes 20, so as to provide a gap similar to that appearing at the level of the horizontal joint planes 15.

This type of assembly can be performed both on flat structures ( figure 4 ) only on partitions forming singular points, for example an angle or a crossing ( figure 5 ).

This type of assembly also allows a single person and having a minimum training, to mount a structure or partition.

Indeed, during assembly of the structure, the editor affixes a first construction element 14 of the first wall 12 on the upright 1, fixes the spacer 22 to said upright 1, then engages the corresponding fin 26 of the spacer 22 in the groove 17. The construction element 14 is then held in position on the upright 1. The assembler thus proceeds to mount a plurality of building elements 14 and form a first row of the first wall 12, the building elements 14 being keyed to each other.

Then, a second row of building elements 14 is mounted on the first, in the same manner as before, until the first wall is completely mounted.

The fitter then affixes a first construction element 14 of the second wall 13 against the corresponding upright 1 and deforms the second branch 24 of the corresponding spacer 22, so as to engage the tongue 26 in the groove 17 of the building element 14. As previously, the assembler can thus form the first row of the second wall 13, then the successive rows until forming the whole of the second wall 13.

The jointing operation, that is to say filling the interstices formed at the level of the joint planes 15, 20, is carried out after assembly by "dry" assembly and keying. The tools required to mount such a structure is thus limited.

It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the sole embodiment of this structure, described above as an example, but it encompasses all variants.

Claims (8)

A structure having first and second substantially vertical walls (12, 13) spaced apart from each other, each wall having at least two building elements (14) assembled to one another at a horizontal joint plane (15), each construction element (14) having at least one groove (17) extending longitudinally and opening at the joint plane (15), the structure further comprising at least one spacer (22). ), fixed to each of the walls (12, 13) at the joint plane (15), and having a spacer zone (25) whose length defines the spacing between the walls (12, 13), said structure further comprising at least one substantially vertical upright (1) for supporting the walls, characterized in that said spacer (22) is in the form of an elastically deformable, generally U-shaped blade defining a base (25) from which extend a first and a second second limbs (23, 24) provided respectively with first and second downwardly directed tabs respectively inserted into the grooves (17) of the building elements (14) of the first and second walls (12, 13), the base of the spacer (22) being equipped with fastening means (29, 30) to the upright (1). Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the upright (1) is in the general form of a U-shaped section, open in the general direction of the walls, the fixing means comprising a fixing zone (29) in the form of a blade, extending in the extension of the base (25) and having two edges from which respectively extend at least two elastic lateral wings (30), said attachment zone (29) being inserted in the upright (1) so that said fins (30) are braced against the legs (8, 9) of the upright (1). Structure according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the free end of each leg (8, 9) of the upright (1) comprises a return (11), oriented substantially perpendicularly to the plane of said arm (8, 9) and extending towards the other leg (9, 8), said fixing zone (29) having a slot (31) extending from each of the edges, each return (11) being inserted into the slot (31) corresponding. Structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each leg (23, 24) comprises at least one cutout (27) disposed opposite the corresponding groove (17) for the insertion of a key (32) in this groove (17). Structure according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises at least one key (32), inserted into the grooves (17) of two building elements (14) juxtaposed, said key (32) being mounted straddling each of said construction elements (14) juxtaposed. Structure according to claim 5, characterized in that said key (32) comprises an elongated body (33) intended to be inserted in the corresponding grooves (17), and first and second feet (35) extending on each side of the body (33), intended to bear against the surfaces (16) of the building elements (14) defining the joint plane (15). Structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the thickness of the feet (35), that is to say the dimension of said feet (35) along the axis of the upright (1), is greater than the thickness of the spacer (22). Structure according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each building element (14) comprises at least one cell (19), the structure comprising at least one key (32) having a first portion inserted into a cell ( 19) of a building element (14) and a second projecting portion of the corresponding building element (14), intended to be engaged in an axis or groove of an adjacent building element (14), or intended to be engaged in an additional rail fixed for example to the ceiling or the floor.

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