EP0055677A2 - Fastening of construction panels - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the attachment of construction panels to the carcass of a construction. It proposes panel attachment lugs each consisting of a plate provided with means of fastening to the framework or carcass, or pierced with holes permitting nailing, and bearing in its bottom part a cutout delimited by two weakened points, and it also proposes an attachment system using profiled sections, two sets of these lugs and grooves formed in the edge or in the borders of the construction panels. The invention permits the attachment of panels comprising a facing and an insulant, in particular for covering roofs. <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to the fixing to the shell of a construction, in particular to the roof framing, of construction panels more particularly intended for covering the roof spaces.

These construction panels described in detail in French patent application No. 79 02922 have a general U shape and consist of a plaster facing plate with two lateral edges, or wings, straightened at 90 ° relative to their main plane, which correspond to the two branches of the U, and an insulator of the glass wool type arranged and generally bonded, inside the U.

It is known to dress up roof spaces using flat sheets of cardboard plaster, to suspend from structural work, using special lugs, a network of metal profiles into which said sheets are then screwed using screws. self-drilling. The screw heads that appear on the visible side of the facing are then masked with plaster. These special tabs nailed or fixed by a means suitable for structural work by their upper end, have a lower end cut and shaped to fit onto the metal profiles, in order to support them.

These fixing means suitable for flat plasterboard are not for U-shaped panels, containing an insulator inside the U.

Indeed, the side edges of the panels on the one hand, the insulation on the other hand, prevent the correct placement against the profiles for screwing.

It is also known from GB 913 377 to hang ceiling elements to profiles, to use initially flat legs, having parallel cutting lines which delimit foldable portions at the time of use. But these multiple folds, more or less complicated, necessary on the same leg make it difficult to work on site.

In addition, these legs of GB 913 377 patent, as well as the other legs mentioned above can only play a single role, that is to say hang either the profiles to the shell of a construction, or ceiling panels with profiles previously installed, and therefore always provide additional hanging means.

The present invention aims to simplify the installation of construction elements by proposing a tab capable of fulfilling several roles, hooking the profiles to the main structure of a construction and fixing the construction elements on said profiles, or hanging the construction elements directly to a frame, said tab requiring for its implementation a reduced number of simple manipulations.

In addition, this tab is particularly suitable for fixing construction panels provided with flanges, and containing an insulator, and in general for installing panels which need to be mounted remote from the support or from the network of profiles which serve to support them. .

This tab is formed by flat metal plates, notched in the shape of a Y for interlocking on profiles, with a line of weakening of the stiffness arranged transversely in their lower part and an inner cutout emerging and ending on the line of weakening, practiced above said line, which delimits a tongue inside the plate itself.

Advantageously, the indentation of the legs is double to allow nesting on profiles in any direction.

To allow even more flexibility in the use of these tabs, holes are provided at different levels in the tab to allow nailing on a frame.

With a single model of such legs, one can both ac hang construction panels on profiles, and hang the profiles on structural work.

• - Fig. 1 : un panneau de construction du type de ceux que les dispositifs de l'invention permettent d'accrocher,
• - Fig. 2 : une patte d'accrochage selon l'invention et le profilé sur lequel elle s'engage,
• - Fig. 3 : une variante de patte d'accrochage selon l'invention accompagnée de son profilé,
• - Fig. 4 : les pattes d'accrochage des figures précédentes, repliées,
• Fig. 4A la patte de la fig. 2,
• Fig. 4B la patte de la fig. 3,
• - Fig. 5 : un système d'accrochage de panneaux utilisant uniquement des pattes dans lequel les parties repliées des pattes restent visibles,
• - Fig. 6 : un système d'accrochage de panneaux utilisant uniquement des pattes dans lequel les parties repliées des pattes sont engagées dans des rainures,
• - Fig. 7 : un système d'accrochage de panneaux utilisant des pattes et des profilés, avec :
• Fig. 7A des pattes du type de celles montrées fig. 2,
• Fig. 7B des pattes du type de celles montrées fig. 3.
• - Fig. 8 : un système d'accrochage utilisant des profilés et deux séries de pattes, ces pattes étant :
• Fig. 8A des pattes du type de celles montrées fig. 2,
• Fig. 8B des pattes du type de celles montrées fig. 3.
• - Fig. 9 : une variante du système de la fig. 8 utilisant en plus des tiges filetées.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the figures which represent:

• - Fig. 1: a construction panel of the type of those which the devices of the invention allow to hang,
• - Fig. 2: a hooking tab according to the invention and the profile on which it engages,
• - Fig. 3: a variant of the fastening tab according to the invention accompanied by its profile,
• - Fig. 4: the hooking tabs of the preceding figures, folded back,
• Fig. 4 On the tab of FIG. 2,
• Fig. 4B the leg of FIG. 3,
• - Fig. 5: a system for hanging panels using only tabs in which the folded portions of the tabs remain visible,
• - Fig. 6: a system for hanging panels using only tabs in which the folded portions of the tabs are engaged in grooves,
• - Fig. 7: a system for hanging panels using legs and profiles, with:
• Fig. 7A of the legs of the type of those shown in fig. 2,
• Fig. 7B of the legs of the type of those shown in fig. 3.
• - Fig. 8: a fastening system using profiles and two series of legs, these legs being:
• Fig. 8A of the legs of the type of those shown in fig. 2,
• Fig. 8B of the legs of the type of those shown in fig. 3.
• - Fig. 9: a variant of the system of FIG. 8 additionally using threaded rods.

Fig. 1 shows an example of a construction panel for fitting which the devices of the invention are particularly suitable. This panel H consists of a facing plate 1, two flanges or wings 2 and 3 arranged on each side of the facing 1 and straightened approximately 90 ° relative to it and an insulator 4 inside the U formed by the facing and the two flanges 2 and 3. To make its structure more visible, the panel H is shown filled with insulation only over half of its length, while in reality the insulation 4 fully covers the facing 1 over its entire length. The facing 1 and the edges 2 and 3 can be plaster, preferably reinforced in its mass by glass son, the insulation 4 can be a glass wool mattress. The insulator 4 constitutes the non-visible upper face of the panel H when it is placed on the ceiling, while the underside of the facing 1 constitutes the visible lower face.

Fig. 2 shows a hanging lug A or hanging and a profile P on which it can be fixed. This hanger A is a metal plate, e.g. made of galvanized steel 0.8 mm thick, Y-shaped or stirrup-shaped, with a cutout 10 in the middle of its lower portion, e.g. tongue-shaped, limited by two zones 11 and 12 for weakening the stiffness of the metal, e.g. two holes 11 and 12, located at the same level, and at its upper part, a recess 13 on the edges of which two horizontal slots 14 and 15 open. The lower end 16 of this hanger A has a reduced width compared to the rest of said hanger, and the reduction in width takes place at the level of the two holes 11 and 12. Stiffening ribs 17 and 18 are provided above the two holes 11 and 12 and advantageously, they bend in the upper part and bypass the two slots 14 and 15. Holes such as 19 are provided at different levels. An orifice 20, larger than the holes 19, passes through the lower end 16, preferably in the middle and below the two stiffening holes 11 and 12.

Preferably, to reduce the manufacturing cost, the lower end 16 of one tab is cut in the recess 13 of the next tab, so therefore, the lower end 16 is at most the same size as the upper recess. 13. This fig. 2 also shows a profile P in the shape of an Omega (.fL), the two wings 21 and 22 of which are engaged in. the slots 14 and 15 of the hanger. Advantageously, the recess 13 of the hanger is large enough to be able to overlap the profile P either from above or from below.

Fig. 3 shows a variant B of the attachment tab accompanied by a profile Q on which it can be adapted. This leg B like the previous one is cut from a metal plate. It also has in its lower part and in the middle a cutout 25 in the form of a tongue limited by two zones 26 and 27 of weakening of the stiffness of the metal, situated at the same level, for example. two holes 26 and 27, and at its upper part a recess 28. The shape of this recess depends on the shape of the section Q on which we want this tab B to fit. Insofar as one wishes to use a dry Q profile tion rectangular, or whose envelope of the section is a rectangle, the recess is also rectangular and its dimensions are those of the section of the profile. To increase the possibilities of adaptation of the tab B on the section Q, the recess 28 is in fact double, first in the upper part, its width is equal to the largest dimension of the section of the section Q and its height. is equal to the smallest dimension of this same section, then it extends down to a depth equal to the difference between the two dimensions of the section with a narrower width and equal to the smallest of the dimensions of said section. This tab B is equipped with an upper edge 29 wound on itself, in which a locking pin 30 engages to block the profile Q in the recess 28. The lower end 31 of this tab B is substantially identical to that of the hanger A. It is of reduced width compared to the rest of the leg B and the reduction in width appears at the height of the two weakening holes of the stiffness 26 and 27. Stiffening ribs 32 and 33 are also provided laterally in the leg portion located above the two stiffening holes 26 and 27.

Holes such as 34 which can be used for nailing the tab on timber are also provided at different levels. An orifice 35 larger than the holes 34 is likewise provided in the lower end 31, preferably in the middle and below the zones 26 and 27 of weakening of the stiffness. Still to reduce the manufacturing cost, the lower end 31 is at most the dimension of the recess 28. The profile Q which can be used with such a hooking lug B is a profile either with a rectangular section or with a rectangular envelope. thus, an X-shaped or H-shaped section as shown in Figure 3 is perfectly suitable. Advantageously, the pin 30 for locking the profile Q in the recess 28 is provided with non-return lugs such as 36, and its end is tapered to better engage in the opening of the rolled edge 29.

For certain uses, leg A and leg B do not remain flat. They are then given the shape shown in FIG. 4A with regard to the tab A, in FIG. 4B with regard to the tab B. The lower end 16, 31, of each tab is bent approximately 90 ° with respect to in general, around a transverse fold line which passes through the zones or points of weakness of the stiffness 11, 12 and 26, 27 respectively.

By thus tilting on one side of the plane of the tab, the end lower 16, 3: also tilts, but on the opposite side, the tongue delimited by the cutout 10, 25. Lower end 16, 31 and tabs 10, 25 are in the same plane perpendicular to the general plane of the tab A or B. Due to the presence of the zones of weakening of the stiffness of the metal, in particular the holes 11, 12 and 26, 27, due to the reduction in width of the legs at the level of a transverse line which passes through these holes, the folding is done without difficulty along this same line. Possibly other marks of weakening of the stiffness of the metal can also be provided along this same line, for example. other holes, reductions in metal thickness, grooves, etc.

These hooking lugs, either A or B, can be used as shown in FIGS. 5, 6; 7, 8 and 9.

In the first mode of implementation illustrated by FIG. 5, only legs A or B are necessary to hold building panels. The legs A or B are nailed to the woods 40 of the frame by nails such as 41, through the holes 19 (leg A), 34 (leg B). The lower ends 16, 31 and the tabs limited by the cutouts 10, 25 are folded at 90 ° and the panels H, or any other panel, are placed in abutment on the tabs 10, 25 and / or on the ends bass 16, 31.

In the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 the legs A or B are in the same way as previously nailed to the woods 40 of the frame, but to prevent the fastening means from appearing on the visible face of the panels, grooves are provided on the edges of the panels to fix, in their thickness and either the tongues 10, 25, or the lower ends 16, 31 of the tabs are inserted in these grooves. In the case of panels H (fig. 1) with edges 2 and 3, it is in said edges that grooves 6 (fig. 1) are opened. These grooves are positioned at least 1 cm from the edge of said flanges and they have at least dimensions sufficient to receive the tongues 10, 25 or the lower ends 16, 31 of the lugs A or B. Thus, grooves of 2 10 cm long and 1.5 mm wide are suitable.

In another mode of implementation illustrated by FIGS. 7, the legs A or B, as in the previous modes of implementation illustrated by FIGS. 5 or 6, have their tabs 10, 25 or their lower ends 16, 31 folded and either positioned under the visible face of the construction panels, or engaged in the grooves 6 practiced in the edges or in the edges 2, 3 when it is about panels H. But this time, the legs A or B are not fixed any more, by nailing for example, directly on the woods of the frame, they are engaged on profiles P or Q which are fixed on the support, which can, as before, be a frame. Fig. 7A shows a tab A of which the lower part 16 is folded back and inserted into the groove 6 of the rim 2 or 3 of a panel H, and whose slots 14 and 15 on the edges of the recess 13 are engaged on the wings 21 , 22 of a P-shaped Ω profile.

This profile is then fixed to the support, for example by screws 41.

FIG. 7B shows the same assembly with a tab B and a profila Q in the shape of H. The profile Q is introduced into the recess 28 of the tab B, then the pin 30 is passed through the rolled edge 29 so as to block tab B on the profile. The profile is fixed by any suitable means to the support, e.g. using threaded rods 42 and washers 43. This mounting method illustrated in figs. 7A and 7B allows greater independence with respect to the frame, in particular it does not oblige to take into account the direction of the beams of the frame.

Figs. 8 illustrate yet another embodiment of the tabs A (fig. 8A) or B (fig. 8B). The legs retain the construction panels as indicated in the previous embodiments (fig. 5, 6 or 7), they are also engaged on P or Q profiles, but this is the method of fixing the profiles to the support. which varies. In fact, the profiles are fixed by means of a second series of legs A or B, identical to those whose tongues or low ends hold the construction panels. These legs of the second series also overlap the profiles P or Q, but in the opposite direction to the legs of the first series. While the legs of the first series are located under the profiles, these legs of the second series are above the profiles. The tabs and the lower ends of these legs of the second series have not been folded, and they are fixed by nailing, for example. In a variant illustrated in FIG. 9, these legs of the second series have also been folded and a threaded rod 44 fitted with a lower nut 45 is engaged in their orifice 35, the other end of the threaded rod then being fixed by any suitable means to the support, by ex. by jumper nails 46 if it is to fix on the wood of a charpen you. Fig. 9 shows this assembly with lugs B, but the same assembly is also possible with lugs A associated with profiles P.

All these variants of implementation show that with these legs A or B, all the assemblies are possible, in particular one can make an assembly without having to worry about the direction and the mutual spacing of the timbers of the frame; construction panels can be positioned at any distance from the support. In addition, this mounting flexibility is further increased by the fact that the legs A or B can be shorter or longer, thus making it possible to vary the distance between the construction panels and the support more easily.

Thus all the desired thickness of insulation can be used, without this being a nuisance for mounting. The insulation can be stuck to the facing, we are certain of its effectiveness, whereas on the contrary, in the prior art, air could pass between the insulation and the facing which sometimes made the insulation ineffective.

Claims (12)

1. Bracket for fixing to the main structure of a dwelling, in particular to the roof frame, construction panels particularly intended for covering attics, characterized in that it is constituted by a flat metal plate, hollowed out in Y shape for interlocking on profiles, with a line of weakening of the stiffness arranged transversely in the lower part and an interior cut-out emerging and ending on the line of weakness, formed above said line and delimiting a tongue inside the plate surface. 2. Leg according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess giving a general Y shape is double, with profiles of the edge of the recess degraded in steps. 3. Leg according to claim 2, characterized in that the recess is first wide, then narrower, allowing the housing in one or the other direction, of a section profile or envelope of rectangular section . 4. Leg according to claim 3, characterized in that its upper end has a rolled edge in which engages a locking pin which closes the recess. 5. Tab according to claim 3, characterized in that the spindle is provided with non-return lugs. 6. Tab according to claim 2, characterized in that the edges of the recess have transverse slots to allow engagement on the wings of a profile. 7. Leg according to claim 6, characterized in that the depth and the size of the recess are such that it fits on a wing profile both from above and from below. 8. Tab according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is pierced with holes allowing its fixing by nailing, said holes being distributed on several levels. 9. Leg according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line of weakness is obtained at least by a reduction in the width of the plate at this location. 10. Leg according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line of weakness is materialized by two holes weakening the stiffness of the plate at this location, said two holes being placed at the ends of the interior cutout. 11. Tab according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower end of the tab situated below the line of weakening of the stiffness is of dimensions at most equal to those of the recess located in the top part. 12. System for attaching construction panels to the main structure of a construction, in particular to the framework for the covering of roof spaces, characterized in that it comprises: - a first series of legs formed by a metal plate hollowed out in the shape of Y, with a line of weakening of the stiffness arranged transversely in the lower part and an interior cut out emerging and ending on the line of weakness, practiced at above said line and delimiting a tongue inside the surface of the plate, - profiles engaged in the recesses of the legs of this first series, - a second series of the same legs engaged on the profiles in the opposite direction to the legs of the first series, and fixed to the main structure, in particular the frame,
the lower ends and the tabs of the legs of the first series being folded at 90 ° around the line of weakness, the lower ends on one side of the general plane of the leg, the tabs on the other side.

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