EP2180287A2 - Manhole cover, in particular for military vehicles - Google Patents

Manhole cover, in particular for military vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2180287A2
EP2180287A2 EP09173472A EP09173472A EP2180287A2 EP 2180287 A2 EP2180287 A2 EP 2180287A2 EP 09173472 A EP09173472 A EP 09173472A EP 09173472 A EP09173472 A EP 09173472A EP 2180287 A2 EP2180287 A2 EP 2180287A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hatch
deformation element
opening
deformation
padding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09173472A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2180287A3 (en
EP2180287B1 (en
Inventor
Walter Frost
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KNDS Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2180287A2 publication Critical patent/EP2180287A2/en
Publication of EP2180287A3 publication Critical patent/EP2180287A3/en
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Publication of EP2180287B1 publication Critical patent/EP2180287B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/22—Manhole covers, e.g. on tanks; Doors on armoured vehicles or structures
    • F41H5/223—Manhole covers specially adapted for armoured or fighting vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle hatch, in particular for military vehicles, with a hatch opening and a pad member at least partially abpolsterden the edge of the hatch opening for the protection of a crew member driving over hatch.
  • Such vehicle hatches are widely used in military technology and used in particular in military land vehicles, such as battle tanks, as entry / exit hatch to allow the vehicle crew access to the arranged below the weapon carrying tower trough. In addition to their function as entry / exit hatch such vehicle hatches are used in certain driving situations for so-called.
  • Studentslukefahren Approximately In the course of transfer trips, it is common for a crew member to occupy such position within the opening of the hatch that the head of the crew member projects outwardly from within the armored vehicle, thereby providing better visibility to the crew member.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a vehicle hatch, in which the risk of injury to the crew member driving over hatch is significantly reduced even in the event of heavy vehicle decelerations.
  • the cushion element has a deformation element which is plastically deformable to absorb kinetic energy.
  • the forces occurring when the head collides with the edge of the vehicle hatch opening can be limited to a defined maximum.
  • the deformation element Upon reaching a predetermined force, the deformation element begins to plastically deform and in this way to absorb part of the impact energy. This force can be adjusted by shaping, design, material, etc. of the deformation element so that fractures and other serious injuries of the crew member are avoided.
  • the deformation element is enclosed at least on the upper side by the padding material of the padding element.
  • the soft cushioning material provided on the upper side, cuts and crush injuries of the crew member are avoided.
  • the deformation element is enclosed on the underside by the cushioning material of the cushioning element. This ensures that the crew member when taking the hatch position can not injure himself on the underside of the deformation element.
  • the deformation element has at least one recess, via which the upper side and the underside of the deformation element provided cushioning material with each other are connected. This results in a positive connection of the cushioning material with the deformation element, whereby slipping or loosening of the cushioning material is avoided by the deformation element.
  • the deformation element Since the deformation element must be replaced after a successful plastic deformation against a new, it is proposed in a further embodiment that the deformation element has fastening elements, via which it can be fastened interchangeably at the edge of the hatch opening.
  • the deformation element to increase the flexural rigidity has a fold. Due to the geometry of the fold, the bending stiffness of the deformation element can be set so that this on the one hand has sufficient bending strength against normal loads, for example in the case of a crew member entering via the hatch, on the other hand, however, yields plastically upon reaching a defined load, causing more serious injuries of the Crew member be avoided.
  • the padding element is arranged in the lying in the direction of travel region of the hatch opening, since, for example, in the event of an accident, the head of the crew member is accelerated in this direction.
  • the cushioning element does not extend over the entire peripheral region of the edge of the vehicle opening, but is of annular segment-shaped or sickle-shaped geometry.
  • the ring segment or the sickle can be selectively arranged in the areas of the hatch opening, in which the risk of an impact of the head of the crew member is given.
  • the cushion element is arranged in a correspondingly designed ring segment or sickle-shaped recess of the edge of the opening.
  • the arrangement within a corresponding recess of the edge of the opening has the advantage that the cushion element does not extend beyond the edge of the hatch opening in the direction of the middle of the hatch and, to that extent, does not lead to a narrowing of the hatch cross section.
  • Fig. 1 shows a vehicle hatch 1, as this is used in particular in military vehicles, such as battle tanks, as entry / exit hatch.
  • a crew member 20 can be seen who is in the hatch position in which the crew member's head passes through the hatch opening 2 to the outside of the vehicle, resulting in no immediate danger to the crew member from the military Opponent is expected to give improved visibility.
  • Such driving situations arise regularly, inter alia, during transfer trips.
  • the hatch 1 has an edge 3 surrounding the hatch opening 2, wherein the hatch opening 2 is dimensioned such that its cross-section is sufficient to serve the crew member 20 as entry or exit.
  • the crew member 20 is instructed to observe the vehicle surroundings on the lookout devices 14 disposed around the hatch 1.
  • the viewing devices 14 are so-called.
  • Angle mirrors that lead a view of the crew member 20 from the armored vehicle interior by multiple deflection to the vehicle outside.
  • the Sprint-to-strength is associated with a certain risk, since it in certain driving situations, for example when driving through heavy terrain or in collision with other objects, such as in an accident, to large delays of the vehicle and thus due to the inertia associated large forces can come. In particular, it may happen in such situations that the head of the crew member 20 or his chin with heavy vehicle deceleration with the pointing in the direction of travel area of the edge 3 of the hatch opening 2 collides. Since in this case quite considerable forces can act on the head of the crew member, in the direction of travel lying portion of the hatch opening 2 and the edge 3 of the hatch opening 2, a cushion member 4 is provided on the function below with the aid of FIGS. 2 to 5 will be received.
  • the front in the direction of travel area of the hatch opening 2 is provided with the cushion member 4.
  • the upholstery element 4 forms a slight increase in relation to the vehicle outer skin or a cover plate for the angle mirror 14 forming plate 13.
  • violent collisions of the head of the crew member 20 are collected with the cushion member 4 such that serious injury to the crew member 20 can be avoided.
  • the cushioning element 4 is composed of a plastically deformable deformation element 5 and a cushioning material 6 surrounding the deformation element 5, which is connected to it by foaming the deformation element 5, for example.
  • the cushioning material 6 is provided with an injury-preventive rounding 11.
  • the deformation element 5 has, in the region of the end pointing in the direction of the center of the hatch opening 2, a bevel 7 projecting upwards approximately at right angles with respect to the remaining region of the deformation element 5, which completely extends from the padding material 6, which is for example a PUR material. Foam can act, foamed.
  • the other end of the deformation element 5 is not foamed by the material 6, but is free from the outside and forms with respect to the padding material 6 along the deformation element 5 extending recess 12, which is for fastening the pad member 4 can be used at the edge 3 of the opening 2, as shown in the Figures 2 and 3 can be seen, in which the plate 13 projects in the region of the cushion member 4 in this recess 12.
  • two tab-like fastening elements 9 are provided beyond which the cushioning element 4 or its deformation element 5 can be fastened by screwing to the plate 13.
  • two provided at the opposite ends of the deformation element 5 tabs 10 can be seen, which engage in correspondingly shaped grooves of the plate 13, which also results in a fixation of the deformation element 5 at the edge 3 of the opening 2.
  • the deformation element 5 is a sheet metal part produced by stamping and folding, which, as shown in FIG Fig. 5 is completely enclosed by the cushioning material 6 or foamed in the lying to the middle of the opening 2 areas.
  • the padding material 6 penetrates in particular through the openings 8 of the deformation element, resulting in a positive connection of the padding material lying above and below the deformation element, so that it is not removable from the deformation element 5.
  • the edge 3 in the region of the pad member 4 has a recess 15 which is adapted to the shape of the ring segment-shaped pad member 4 such that the pad member 4 does not protrude beyond the inner contour of the edge 3 and in this way not too a taper of the opening cross section of the opening 2 leads.
  • the head of the crew member 20 and in particular its chin is accelerated due to the inertia in the direction of travel, where it collides with the upholstery element 4 on the upper side.
  • the deformation element 5 Upon reaching a certain energy, the deformation element 5 begins to plastically deform and in this way absorb the kinetic energy of the crew member's head.
  • the occurring deformation forces are such that severe injuries to the crew member, such as jaw fractures, etc. are avoided.
  • the deformation element 5 is designed such that a plastic deformation of the deformation element 5 does not occur with every collision.
  • the cushioning element 4 has sufficient resistance to treading without the deformation element 5 being plastically deformed.
  • the deformation element 5 Only when a certain energy is reached, the deformation element 5 begins to deform plastically and thus irreversibly.
  • the head of crew member 20 is delayed, with the delay being such as to avoid injury.
  • the vehicle hatch 1 described above is distinguished by a cushion element 4, which significantly improves the safety for crew members.
  • the deformation element 5 is to replace a new, so the deformation element 5 is attached via the fasteners 9 with a few simple steps interchangeable at the edge of the hatch opening 2.
  • Another advantage of the upholstery element 4 is that the forces required for deformation of the deformation element 5 are largely independent of external influences, which is why the deformation element 5 has a constant behavior even with strongly fluctuating ambient temperatures, in particular with regard to the absorbed energy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Abstract

The hatch has a cushion element (4) sectionally cushioning an edge of a hatch opening (2), for protecting a crew member (20). The cushion element includes a deformation element that is plastically deformable for receiving kinetic energy, where the deformation element is surrounded by a cushion material of the cushion element. Upper and lower sides of the cushion material are connected with each other via a recess of the deformation element. A chamfer is arranged at a side of the deformation element.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Fahrzeugluke, insbesondere für militärische Fahrzeuge, mit einer Lukenöffnung und einem den Rand der Lukenöffnung zumindest bereichsweise abpolsternden Polsterelement zum Schutz eines über Luke fahrenden Besatzungsmitglieds.The invention relates to a vehicle hatch, in particular for military vehicles, with a hatch opening and a pad member at least partially abpolsterden the edge of the hatch opening for the protection of a crew member driving over hatch.

Derartige Fahrzeugluken werden in der Wehrtechnik weit verbreitet eingesetzt und insbesondere bei militärischen Landfahrzeugen, beispielsweise Kampfpanzern, als Ein-/Ausstiegsluke genutzt, um der Fahrzeugbesatzung den Zugang in die unterhalb des die Waffe tragenden Turms angeordnete Wanne zu ermöglichen. Neben ihrer Funktion als Ein-/ Ausstiegsluke werden derartige Fahrzeugluken in gewissen Fahrsituationen auch zum sog. Überlukefahren genutzt. Etwa im Rahmen von Überführungsfahrten ist es üblich, dass ein Besatzungsmitglied eine solche Position innerhalb der Öffnung der Luke einnimmt, dass der Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds aus dem Inneren des gepanzerten Fahrzeugs nach außen hervorsteht, wodurch sich für das Besatzungsmitglied bessere Sichtverhältnisse ergeben.Such vehicle hatches are widely used in military technology and used in particular in military land vehicles, such as battle tanks, as entry / exit hatch to allow the vehicle crew access to the arranged below the weapon carrying tower trough. In addition to their function as entry / exit hatch such vehicle hatches are used in certain driving situations for so-called. Überlukefahren. Approximately In the course of transfer trips, it is common for a crew member to occupy such position within the opening of the hatch that the head of the crew member projects outwardly from within the armored vehicle, thereby providing better visibility to the crew member.

Beim Überlukefahren hat sich als nachteilig erwiesen, dass es in bestimmten Fahrsituationen vorkommen kann, dass größere Verzögerungskräfte auf das Fahrzeug und damit den Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds wirken können. Infolge dieser beispielsweise im schweren Gelände oder etwa im Falle einer Kollision mit anderen Fahrzeugen oder feststehenden Objekten resultierenden Verzögerungskräfte besteht die Gefahr, dass der beim Überlukefahren nach fahrzeugaußen hervorstehende Kopf des Besatzungmitglieds mit dem Rand der Lukenöffnung kollidiert, was ein beträchtliches Verletzungsrisiko für das Besatzungsmitglied birgt. Zur Vermeidung dieser Gefahren ist es bekannt, den Rand der Lukenöffnung mit einem entsprechenden Polsterelement abzupolstern, welches die beim Aufprall auf den Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds wirkenden Kräfte abfedert.When over-skiing has proved to be disadvantageous that it may occur in certain driving situations that greater deceleration forces can act on the vehicle and thus the head of the crew member. As a result of this, for example, in heavy terrain or in the event of a collision with other vehicles or stationary objects resulting delay forces there is a risk that the Überlukefahren to vehicle outside protruding head of the crew member collides with the edge of the hatch opening, which carries a considerable risk of injury to the crew member. To avoid these dangers, it is known to cushion the edge of the hatch opening with a corresponding padding element, which absorbs the forces acting on the head of the crew member during the impact.

Diese Art von Polsterung hat sich im Falle leichterer Anschläge zwar durchaus bewährt, bei heftigeren, beispielsweise in Unfallsituationen auftretenden Verzögerungen schlägt der Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds jedoch mit einer solchen Geschwindigkeit am Rand der Fahrzeugöffnung an, dass die einfache Polsterung des Lukenrandes nicht mehr ausreichend ist, um das Besatzungsmitglied beispielsweise vor Kieferbrüchen oder ähnlichen Verletzungen zu schützen.Although this type of padding has certainly proven itself in the case of lighter stops, the head of the crew member strikes at the edge of the vehicle opening at such a speed, for example, in case of more severe delays, that the simple padding of the hatch edge is no longer sufficient To protect the crew member, for example, from jaw fractures or similar injuries.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Fahrzeugluke anzugeben, bei welcher die Verletzungsgefahr für das über Luke fahrende Besatzungsmitglied selbst im Falle starker Fahrzeugverzögerungen deutlich reduziert wird. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a vehicle hatch, in which the risk of injury to the crew member driving over hatch is significantly reduced even in the event of heavy vehicle decelerations.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Fahrzeugluke der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass das Polsterelement ein Verformungselement aufweist, das zur Aufnahme kinetischer Energie plastisch verformbar ist.This object is achieved with a vehicle hatch of the aforementioned type in that the cushion element has a deformation element which is plastically deformable to absorb kinetic energy.

Durch das Vorsehen eines plastisch verformbaren Verformungselements an dem Polsterelement können die beim Kollidieren des Kopfes mit dem Rand der Fahrzeuglukenöffnung auftretenden Kräfte auf ein definiertes Höchstmaß begrenzt werden. Bei Erreichen einer vorbestimmten Kraft beginnt das Verformungselement sich plastisch zu verformen und auf diese Weise einen Teil der Aufprallenergie zu absorbieren. Diese Kraft kann durch Formgebung, Ausgestaltung, Material usw. des Verformungselements so eingestellt werden, dass Knochenbrüche und sonstige schwere Verletzungen des Besatzungsmitglieds vermieden werden.By providing a plastically deformable deformation element on the cushion element, the forces occurring when the head collides with the edge of the vehicle hatch opening can be limited to a defined maximum. Upon reaching a predetermined force, the deformation element begins to plastically deform and in this way to absorb part of the impact energy. This force can be adjusted by shaping, design, material, etc. of the deformation element so that fractures and other serious injuries of the crew member are avoided.

Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung wird vorgeschlagen, dass das Verformungselement zumindest oberseitig vom Polstermaterial des Polsterelements umschlossen ist. Durch das oberseitig vorgesehene, weiche Polstermaterial werden Schnitt- und Quetschverletzungen des Besatzungsmitglieds vermieden.According to one embodiment, it is proposed that the deformation element is enclosed at least on the upper side by the padding material of the padding element. By the soft cushioning material provided on the upper side, cuts and crush injuries of the crew member are avoided.

In diesem Zusammenhang wird weiter vorgeschlagen, dass das Verformungselement unterseitig vom Polstermaterial des Polsterelements umschlossen ist. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass das Besatzungsmitglied beim Einnehmen der Überluke-Position sich nicht an der Unterseite des Verformungselements verletzen kann.In this context, it is further proposed that the deformation element is enclosed on the underside by the cushioning material of the cushioning element. This ensures that the crew member when taking the hatch position can not injure himself on the underside of the deformation element.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung wird vorgeschlagen, dass das Verformungselement zumindest eine Aussparung aufweist, über welche das oberseitig und das unterseitig des Verformungselements vorgesehene Polstermaterial miteinander verbunden sind. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine formschlüssige Verbindung des Polstermaterials mit dem Verformungselement, wodurch ein Abrutschen bzw. Lösen des Polstermaterials von dem Verformungselement vermieden wird.In a further embodiment it is proposed that the deformation element has at least one recess, via which the upper side and the underside of the deformation element provided cushioning material with each other are connected. This results in a positive connection of the cushioning material with the deformation element, whereby slipping or loosening of the cushioning material is avoided by the deformation element.

Da das Verformungselement nach einmal erfolgter plastischer Verformung gegen ein neues ersetzt werden muss, wird in weiterer Ausgestaltung vorgeschlagen, dass das Verformungselement Befestigungselemente aufweist, über welche es austauschbar am Rand der Lukenöffnung befestigbar ist.Since the deformation element must be replaced after a successful plastic deformation against a new, it is proposed in a further embodiment that the deformation element has fastening elements, via which it can be fastened interchangeably at the edge of the hatch opening.

Weiter ist vorgesehen, dass das Verformungselement zur Erhöhung der Biegesteifigkeit eine Abkantung aufweist. Durch die Geometrie der Abkantung lässt sich die Biegesteifigkeit des Verformungselements derart einstellen, dass dieses einerseits eine ausreichende Biegefestigkeit gegenüber den normalen Belastungen, beispielsweise im Falle eines über die Luke einsteigenden Besatzungsmitglieds aufweist, andererseits jedoch mit Erreichen einer definierten Belastung plastisch nachgibt, wodurch ernsthaftere Verletzungen des Besatzungsmitglieds vermieden werden.It is further provided that the deformation element to increase the flexural rigidity has a fold. Due to the geometry of the fold, the bending stiffness of the deformation element can be set so that this on the one hand has sufficient bending strength against normal loads, for example in the case of a crew member entering via the hatch, on the other hand, however, yields plastically upon reaching a defined load, causing more serious injuries of the Crew member be avoided.

Von konstruktivem Vorteil ist eine Ausgestaltung, nach welcher die Abkantung an der den Befestigungselementen gegenüberliegenden Seite des Verformungselements angeordnet ist.Of constructive advantage is an embodiment, according to which the fold is arranged on the opposite side of the fastening elements of the deformation element.

Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass das Polsterelement im in Fahrtrichtung liegenden Bereich der Lukenöffnung angeordnet ist, da beispielsweise im Falle eines Unfalls der Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds in diese Richtung beschleunigt wird.In particular, it is provided that the padding element is arranged in the lying in the direction of travel region of the hatch opening, since, for example, in the event of an accident, the head of the crew member is accelerated in this direction.

Vorteilhaft erstreckt sich das Polsterelement nicht über den gesamten Umfangsbereich des Randes der Fahrzeugöffnung, sondern ist von ringsegmentförmiger oder sichelförmiger Geometrie. Das Ringsegment bzw. die Sichel können gezielt in den Bereichen der Lukenöffnung angeordnet werden, in denen die Gefahr eines Aufschlags des Kopfes des Besatzungsmitglieds gegeben ist.Advantageously, the cushioning element does not extend over the entire peripheral region of the edge of the vehicle opening, but is of annular segment-shaped or sickle-shaped geometry. The ring segment or the sickle can be selectively arranged in the areas of the hatch opening, in which the risk of an impact of the head of the crew member is given.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist es von Vorteil, wenn das Polsterelement in einer korrespondierend gestalteten ringsegment- oder sichelförmigen Ausnehmung des Randes der Öffnung angeordnet ist. Die Anordnung innerhalb einer entsprechenden Ausnehmung des Randes der Öffnung bietet den Vorteil, dass sich das Polsterelement in Richtung der Lukenmitte nicht über den Rand der Lukenöffnung erstreckt und insoweit nicht zu einer Verengung des Lukenquerschnitts führt.In this context, it is advantageous if the cushion element is arranged in a correspondingly designed ring segment or sickle-shaped recess of the edge of the opening. The arrangement within a corresponding recess of the edge of the opening has the advantage that the cushion element does not extend beyond the edge of the hatch opening in the direction of the middle of the hatch and, to that extent, does not lead to a narrowing of the hatch cross section.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung werden nachfolgend unter Zuhilfenahme der beigefügten Zeichnungen eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1:
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Fahrzeugluke mit einem sich in der Überluke-Position befindenden Besatzungsmitglied,
Fig. 2:
eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende seitliche Schnittansicht,
Fig. 3:
eine Schnittansicht des Polsterelements,
Fig. 4:
eine perspektivische Darstellung des Verformungselements und
Fig. 5:
eine perspektivische Darstellung des Polsterelements.
Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained below with the aid of the accompanying drawings of an embodiment. Show:
Fig. 1:
a perspective view of a vehicle hatch with a located in the hatch position crew member,
Fig. 2:
one of the Fig. 1 corresponding lateral sectional view,
3:
a sectional view of the cushion element,
4:
a perspective view of the deformation element and
Fig. 5:
a perspective view of the cushion element.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Fahrzeugluke 1, wie diese insbesondere bei militärischen Fahrzeugen, etwa Kampfpanzern, als Ein-/Ausstiegsluke genutzt wird. Innerhalb der Lukenöffnung 2 ist ein Besatzungsmitglied 20 zu erkennen, welches sich in der Überluke-Position befindet, in welcher der Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds durch die Lukenöffnung 2 hindurch nach fahrzeugaußen reicht, wodurch sich in Fahrsituationen, in denen für das Besatzungsmitglied keine unmittelbare Gefahr vom militärischen Gegner zu erwarten ist, eine verbesserte Rundumsicht ergibt. Solche Fahrsituationen ergeben sich regelmäßig unter anderem bei Überführungsfahrten. Fig. 1 shows a vehicle hatch 1, as this is used in particular in military vehicles, such as battle tanks, as entry / exit hatch. Within the hatch opening 2, a crew member 20 can be seen who is in the hatch position in which the crew member's head passes through the hatch opening 2 to the outside of the vehicle, resulting in no immediate danger to the crew member from the military Opponent is expected to give improved visibility. Such driving situations arise regularly, inter alia, during transfer trips.

Gemäß der Darstellung in Fig. 1 weist die Luke 1 einen die Lukenöffnung 2 umgebenden Rand 3 auf, wobei die Lukenöffnung 2 derart dimensioniert ist, dass deren Querschnitt ausreicht, um dem Besatzungsmitglied 20 als Ein- oder Ausstieg zu dienen.As shown in Fig. 1 the hatch 1 has an edge 3 surrounding the hatch opening 2, wherein the hatch opening 2 is dimensioned such that its cross-section is sufficient to serve the crew member 20 as entry or exit.

Beim Unterlukefahren, etwa im Falle militärischer Kampfsituationen, ist das Besatzungsmitglied 20 zum Beobachten der Fahrzeugumgebung auf die um die Luke 1 herum angeordneten Ausblickvorrichtungen 14 angewiesen. Bei den Ausblickvorrichtungen 14 handelt es sich um sog. Winkelspiegel, die einen Blickweg des Besatzungsmitglieds 20 aus dem gepanzerten Fahrzeuginneren durch mehrfaches Umlenken nach fahrzeugaußen führen.In sub-hatch driving, such as in military combat situations, the crew member 20 is instructed to observe the vehicle surroundings on the lookout devices 14 disposed around the hatch 1. The viewing devices 14 are so-called. Angle mirrors that lead a view of the crew member 20 from the armored vehicle interior by multiple deflection to the vehicle outside.

Für das Besatzungsmitglied 20 ist das Überlukefahren mit einer gewissen Gefahr verbunden, da es in bestimmten Fahrsituationen, beispielsweise beim Durchfahren schweren Geländes oder bei Kollision mit anderen Objekten, beispielsweise bei einem Unfall, zu großen Verzögerungen des Fahrzeugs und den damit aufgrund der Massenträgheit verbundenen großen Kräften kommen kann. Insbesondere kann es in solchen Situationen vorkommen, dass der Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds 20 bzw. dessen Kinn bei starker Fahrzeugverzögerung mit dem in Fahrtrichtung weisenden Bereich des Randes 3 der Lukenöffnung 2 kollidiert. Da hierbei ganz erhebliche Kräfte auf den Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds wirken können, ist im in Fahrtrichtung liegenden Bereich der Lukenöffnung 2 bzw. des Randes 3 der Lukenöffnung 2 ein Polsterelement 4 vorgesehen, auf dessen Funktion nachfolgend unter Zuhilfenahme der Figuren 2 bis 5 eingegangen werden wird.For the crew member 20, the Überlukefahren is associated with a certain risk, since it in certain driving situations, for example when driving through heavy terrain or in collision with other objects, such as in an accident, to large delays of the vehicle and thus due to the inertia associated large forces can come. In particular, it may happen in such situations that the head of the crew member 20 or his chin with heavy vehicle deceleration with the pointing in the direction of travel area of the edge 3 of the hatch opening 2 collides. Since in this case quite considerable forces can act on the head of the crew member, in the direction of travel lying portion of the hatch opening 2 and the edge 3 of the hatch opening 2, a cushion member 4 is provided on the function below with the aid of FIGS. 2 to 5 will be received.

Wie zunächst die seitliche Schnittdarstellung in Fig. 2 zeigt, ist der in Fahrtrichtung vorn liegende Bereich der Lukenöffnung 2 mit dem Polsterelement 4 versehen. Das Polsterelement 4 bildet eine leichte Erhöhung gegenüber der die Fahrzeugaußenhaut bzw. eine Abdeckplatte für die Winkelspiegel 14 bildenden Platte 13. Gleichwohl werden auch heftige Kollisionen des Kopfes des Besatzungsmitglieds 20 mit dem Polsterelement 4 derart aufgefangen, dass schwere Verletzungen des Besatzungsmitglieds 20 vermieden werden.As first the lateral sectional view in Fig. 2 shows, the front in the direction of travel area of the hatch opening 2 is provided with the cushion member 4. The upholstery element 4 forms a slight increase in relation to the vehicle outer skin or a cover plate for the angle mirror 14 forming plate 13. However, violent collisions of the head of the crew member 20 are collected with the cushion member 4 such that serious injury to the crew member 20 can be avoided.

Einzelheiten des Polsterelements 4 sind in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Das Polsterelement 4 setzt sich zusammen aus einem plastisch verformbaren Verformungselement 5 und einem das Verformungselement 5 umgebenden Polstermaterial 6, welches beispielsweise durch Umschäumen des Verformungselements 5 mit diesem verbunden ist. In Richtung der Lukenöffnung 2 ist das Polstermaterial 6 mit einer Verletzungen vorbeugenden Rundung 11 versehen. Das Verformungselement 5 weist im Bereich des in Richtung des Zentrums der Lukenöffnung 2 weisenden Endes eine in etwa rechtwinklig gegenüber dem übrigen Bereich des Verformungselements 5 nach oben abstehende Abkantung 7 auf, die vollständig von dem Polstermaterial 6, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um einen PUR-Schaum handeln kann, umschäumt. Das andere Ende des Verformungselements 5 ist vom Material 6 nicht umschäumt, sondern steht frei nach außen ab und bildet gegenüber dem Polstermaterial 6 eine sich entlang des Verformungselements 5 erstreckende Aussparung 12, die zur Befestigung des Polsterelements 4 am Rand 3 der Öffnung 2 genutzt werden kann, wie dies in den Figuren 2 und 3 zu erkennen ist, in welchen die Platte 13 im Bereich des Polsterelements 4 in diese Aussparung 12 hineinragt.Details of the cushioning element 4 are in Fig. 3 shown. The cushioning element 4 is composed of a plastically deformable deformation element 5 and a cushioning material 6 surrounding the deformation element 5, which is connected to it by foaming the deformation element 5, for example. In the direction of the hatch opening 2, the cushioning material 6 is provided with an injury-preventive rounding 11. The deformation element 5 has, in the region of the end pointing in the direction of the center of the hatch opening 2, a bevel 7 projecting upwards approximately at right angles with respect to the remaining region of the deformation element 5, which completely extends from the padding material 6, which is for example a PUR material. Foam can act, foamed. The other end of the deformation element 5 is not foamed by the material 6, but is free from the outside and forms with respect to the padding material 6 along the deformation element 5 extending recess 12, which is for fastening the pad member 4 can be used at the edge 3 of the opening 2, as shown in the Figures 2 and 3 can be seen, in which the plate 13 projects in the region of the cushion member 4 in this recess 12.

Wie die Darstellung in Fig. 4 erkennen lässt, sind darüber hinaus zwei laschenartige Befestigungselemente 9 vorgesehen, über welche das Polsterelement 4 bzw. dessen Verformungselement 5 durch Verschrauben an der Platte 13 befestigt werden kann. Darüber hinaus sind zwei an den gegenüberliegenden Enden des Verformungselements 5 vorgesehene Laschen 10 zu erkennen, die in korrespondierend gestaltete Nuten der Platte 13 eingreifen, wodurch sich ebenfalls eine Fixierung des Verformungselements 5 an dem Rand 3 der Öffnung 2 ergibt. Ferner dargestellt sind Öffnungen 8 sowie die Abkantung 7, über welche sich die Biegesteifigkeit des Verformungselements 5 einstellen lässt. Bei dem Verformungselement 5 handelt es sich um ein durch Stanzen und Abkanten hergestelltes Blechformteil, das gemäß der Darstellung in Fig. 5 in den zur Mitte der Öffnung 2 liegenden Bereichen vollständig vom Polstermaterial 6 umschlossen bzw. umschäumt ist. Das Polstermaterial 6 dringt insbesondere durch die Öffnungen 8 des Verformungselements hindurch, wodurch sich eine formschlüssige Verbindung des oberhalb und unterhalb des Verformungselements liegenden Polstermaterials ergibt, so dass dieses nicht von dem Verformungselement 5 abziehbar ist.Like the illustration in Fig. 4 In addition, two tab-like fastening elements 9 are provided beyond which the cushioning element 4 or its deformation element 5 can be fastened by screwing to the plate 13. In addition, two provided at the opposite ends of the deformation element 5 tabs 10 can be seen, which engage in correspondingly shaped grooves of the plate 13, which also results in a fixation of the deformation element 5 at the edge 3 of the opening 2. Also shown are openings 8 and the fold 7, via which the flexural rigidity of the deformation element 5 can be adjusted. The deformation element 5 is a sheet metal part produced by stamping and folding, which, as shown in FIG Fig. 5 is completely enclosed by the cushioning material 6 or foamed in the lying to the middle of the opening 2 areas. The padding material 6 penetrates in particular through the openings 8 of the deformation element, resulting in a positive connection of the padding material lying above and below the deformation element, so that it is not removable from the deformation element 5.

Wie die Darstellungen in den Figuren 1 und 2 darüber hinaus erkennen lassen, weist der Rand 3 im Bereich des Polsterelements 4 eine Ausnehmung 15 auf, die an die Gestalt des ringsegmentförmigen Polsterelements 4 derart angepasst ist, dass das Polsterelement 4 nicht über die innere Kontur des Randes 3 hervorsteht und auf diese Weise nicht zu einer Verjüngung des Öffnungsquerschnitts der Öffnung 2 führt.As the representations in the Figures 1 and 2 can be seen beyond, the edge 3 in the region of the pad member 4 has a recess 15 which is adapted to the shape of the ring segment-shaped pad member 4 such that the pad member 4 does not protrude beyond the inner contour of the edge 3 and in this way not too a taper of the opening cross section of the opening 2 leads.

Im Falle einer ruckartigen Fahrzeugverzögerung, beispielsweise im Falle eines Unfalls, wird der Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds 20 und insbesondere dessen Kinn aufgrund der Massenträgheit in Fahrtrichtung beschleunigt, wo es oberseitig mit dem Polsterelement 4 kollidiert. Bei Erreichen einer gewissen Energie beginnt das Verformungselement 5 sich plastisch zu verformen und auf diese Weise die kinetische Energie des Kopfes des Besatzungsmitglieds zu absorbieren. Die dabei auftretenden Verformungskräfte sind derart bemessen, dass schwerere Verletzungen des Besatzungsmitglieds, beispielsweise Kieferbrüche usw. vermieden werden. Auch ist das Verformungselement 5 derart ausgelegt, dass nicht bei jeder Kollision eine plastische Verformung des Verformungselements 5 auftritt. Beispielsweise bei einem langsamen Anschlagen des Kopfes des Besatzungsmitglieds 20 am Rand der Öffnung 3 wird lediglich das weichere Polstermaterial 6 vorübergehend elastisch verformt, so etwa auch in jenen Situationen, in welchen Besatzungsmitglieder außen auf dem Fahrzeug stehen. In solchen Situationen weist das Polsterelement 4 eine ausreichende Trittfestigkeit auf, ohne dass das Verformungselement 5 plastisch verformt wird.In the case of a jerky vehicle deceleration, for example in the event of an accident, the head of the crew member 20 and in particular its chin is accelerated due to the inertia in the direction of travel, where it collides with the upholstery element 4 on the upper side. Upon reaching a certain energy, the deformation element 5 begins to plastically deform and in this way absorb the kinetic energy of the crew member's head. The occurring deformation forces are such that severe injuries to the crew member, such as jaw fractures, etc. are avoided. Also, the deformation element 5 is designed such that a plastic deformation of the deformation element 5 does not occur with every collision. For example, in a slow striking the head of the crew member 20 at the edge of the opening 3, only the softer cushioning material 6 is temporarily elastically deformed, such as in those situations in which crew members are outside on the vehicle. In such situations, the cushioning element 4 has sufficient resistance to treading without the deformation element 5 being plastically deformed.

Erst bei Erreichen einer gewissen Energie beginnt das Verformungselement 5 sich plastisch und damit irreversibel zu verformen. Der Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds 20 wird verzögert, wobei die Verzögerung so bemessen ist, dass Verletzungen vermieden werden.Only when a certain energy is reached, the deformation element 5 begins to deform plastically and thus irreversibly. The head of crew member 20 is delayed, with the delay being such as to avoid injury.

Die vorstehend beschriebene Fahrzeugluke 1 zeichnet sich durch ein Polsterelement 4 aus, welches die Sicherheit für Besatzungsmitglieder deutlich verbessert. Nach einmalig erfolgter plastischer Verformung ist das Verformungselement 5 gegen ein neues zu ersetzen, weshalb das Verformungselement 5 über die Befestigungselemente 9 mit wenigen Handgriffen austauschbar am Rand der Lukenöffnung 2 befestigt ist.The vehicle hatch 1 described above is distinguished by a cushion element 4, which significantly improves the safety for crew members. After a once performed plastic deformation, the deformation element 5 is to replace a new, so the deformation element 5 is attached via the fasteners 9 with a few simple steps interchangeable at the edge of the hatch opening 2.

Ein weiterer Vorteil des Polsterelements 4 liegt darin, dass die zur Verformung des Verformungselements 5 erforderlichen Kräfte weitgehend unabhängig von äußeren Einflüssen ist, weshalb das Verformungselement 5 selbst bei stark schwankenden Umgebungstemperaturen ein gleich bleibendes Verhalten, insbesondere hinsichtlich der absorbierten Energie aufweist.Another advantage of the upholstery element 4 is that the forces required for deformation of the deformation element 5 are largely independent of external influences, which is why the deformation element 5 has a constant behavior even with strongly fluctuating ambient temperatures, in particular with regard to the absorbed energy.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Lukehatch
22
Lukenöffnunghatch opening
33
Randedge
44
Polsterelementcushion element
55
Verformungselementflexure
66
Polstermaterialupholstery
77
Abkantungfold
88th
Aussparungrecess
99
Befestigungselementfastener
1010
Lascheflap
1111
Rundungcurve
1212
Aussparungrecess
1313
Platte, AbdeckplattePlate, cover plate
1414
Ausblickvorrichtung, WinkelspiegelOutlook device, angle mirror
1515
Ausnehmungrecess
2020
Besatzungsmitgliedcrew member

Claims (10)

Fahrzeugluke, insbesondere für militärische Fahrzeuge, mit einer Lukenöffnung (2) und einem den Rand (3) der Lukenöffnung (2) zumindest bereichsweise abpolsternden Polsterelement (4) zum Schutz eines über Luke fahrenden Besatzungsmitglieds (20),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Polsterelement (4) ein Verformungselement (5) aufweist, das zur Aufnahme kinetischer Energie plastisch verformbar ist.Vehicle hatch, in particular for military vehicles, with a hatch opening (2) and a cushion element (4) at least partially padding off the edge (3) of the hatch opening (2) for protecting a crew member (20) moving above the hatch,
characterized,
that the cushion element (4) comprises a deformation element (5), which is plastically deformable to absorb kinetic energy. Luke nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verformungselement (5) zumindest oberseitig vom Polstermaterial (6) des Polsterelements (4) umschlossen ist.Hatch according to claim 1, characterized in that the deformation element (5) is enclosed at least on the upper side by the padding material (6) of the padding element (4). Luke nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verformungselement unterseitig vom Polstermaterial (6) des Polsterelements (3) umschlossen ist.Hatch according to claim 2, characterized in that the deformation element is enclosed on the underside by the padding material (6) of the padding element (3). Luke nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verformungselement (5) zumindest eine Aussparung (8) aufweist, über welche das oberseitig und das unterseitig des Verformungselements (5) vorgesehene Polstermaterial (6) miteinander verbunden sind.Hatch according to claim 3, characterized in that the deformation element (5) has at least one recess (8) via which the upper side and the underside of the deformation element (5) provided cushioning material (6) are interconnected. Luke nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verformungselement (5) Befestigungselemente (9) aufweist, über welche es austauschbar am Rand (3) der Lukenöffnung (2) befestigbar ist.Hatch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deformation element (5) fastening elements (9), via which it can be fastened interchangeably at the edge (3) of the hatch opening (2). Luke nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verformungselement (5) zur Erhöhung der Biegesteifigkeit eine Abkantung (7) aufweist.Hatch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deformation element (5) has a fold (7) for increasing the flexural rigidity. Luke nach Anspruch 6, dadurch kennzeichnet, dass die Abkantung (7) an der den Befestigungselementen (9) gegenüber liegenden Seite des Verformungselements (5) angeordnet ist.Hatch according to claim 6, characterized indicates that the fold (7) on the fastening elements (9) opposite side of the deformation element (5) is arranged. Luke nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polsterelement (4) im in Fahrtrichtung liegenden Bereich der Lukenöffnung (2) angeordnet ist.Hatch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upholstery element (4) is arranged in the region of the hatch opening (2) lying in the direction of travel. Luke nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polsterelement (4) von ringsegmentförmiger oder sichelförmiger Geometrie ist.Hatch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the padding element (4) is of ring-segment-shaped or sickle-shaped geometry. Luke nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polsterelement (4) in einer korrespondierend gestalteten ringsegment- oder sichelförmigen Ausnehmung (15) des Randes (3) der Öffnung (2) angeordnet ist.Hatch according to claim 9, characterized in that the upholstery element (4) is arranged in a correspondingly designed ring segment or sickle-shaped recess (15) of the edge (3) of the opening (2).
EP20090173472 2008-10-24 2009-10-20 Manhole cover Active EP2180287B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810053130 DE102008053130B4 (en) 2008-10-24 2008-10-24 Vehicle hatch, especially for military vehicles

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EP2180287A2 true EP2180287A2 (en) 2010-04-28
EP2180287A3 EP2180287A3 (en) 2013-01-09
EP2180287B1 EP2180287B1 (en) 2014-04-02

Family

ID=41258590

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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DE (1) DE102008053130B4 (en)
ES (1) ES2476263T3 (en)

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EP1843123A1 (en) 2006-04-07 2007-10-10 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Protection device on the entry/escape hatch of a combat vehicle, in particular a tank

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013116121A2 (en) 2012-02-01 2013-08-08 Black Mountain Industries, Inc. Gunner accessory package
EP2809555A4 (en) * 2012-02-01 2016-10-19 Black Mountain Ind Inc Gunner accessory package

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008053130A1 (en) 2010-04-29
EP2180287A3 (en) 2013-01-09
ES2476263T3 (en) 2014-07-14
DE102008053130B4 (en) 2013-04-25
EP2180287B1 (en) 2014-04-02

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