EP2177733A1 - Capteur d'ébullition de nucléation contrôlée - Google Patents

Capteur d'ébullition de nucléation contrôlée Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2177733A1
EP2177733A1 EP08166816A EP08166816A EP2177733A1 EP 2177733 A1 EP2177733 A1 EP 2177733A1 EP 08166816 A EP08166816 A EP 08166816A EP 08166816 A EP08166816 A EP 08166816A EP 2177733 A1 EP2177733 A1 EP 2177733A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
nucleate boiling
controlled
cavity
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08166816A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mehmet Koray Inal
Brian Charles Applegate
Anton Zimmermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Perkins Engines Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Perkins Engines Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Perkins Engines Co Ltd filed Critical Perkins Engines Co Ltd
Priority to EP08166816A priority Critical patent/EP2177733A1/fr
Publication of EP2177733A1 publication Critical patent/EP2177733A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01P11/16—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning coolant temperature

Definitions

  • This patent disclosure relates generally to a temperature measurement arrangement of a cooling circuit and a related method in which a sensing device may monitor a surface temperature in a cooling circuit, detect nucleate boiling or control the boiling state of a liquid coolant circulating in the cooling circuit.
  • This patent disclosure relates generally to the field of cooling systems for high-temperature generating apparatuses, such as vehicle engines, and to the field of low pressure, low temperature boiling systems, for instance in air conditioning (HVAC) and heating ventilation systems.
  • HVAC air conditioning
  • the engine may be kept in operative mode by using a cooling circuit wherein a liquid coolant circulates inside the cooling circuit.
  • a liquid coolant circulating inside the cooling circuit may transport the heat away from a heat source in order to prevent overheating of the engine.
  • thermal exchange may be increased by providing cavities in a surface of the cooling system in contact with the liquid coolant. At a certain wall superheat temperature, bubbles may form and depart from the cavities and transport the heat away from the surface of the cooling system.
  • the cooling system may be influenced to alter the rate of nucleate boiling. This may be done by activation of external ventilation units to reduce coolant temperature, increasing the speed of the coolant flow for transporting the heat away from the heat source, or any other suitable procedures to alter the boiling state .
  • a sensor may be used to measure the temperature of the cooling circuit wall to detect bubble departure. In case a measured temperature exceeds a pre-defined alerting value, measures could be taken to prevent any damage to the cooling system, including derating or stopping the engine until it has cooled down or activating additional cooling systems, e.g. a fan unit, for providing further cooling.
  • additional cooling systems e.g. a fan unit
  • known sensor arrangements may provide temperature indication, they may not measure the temperature accurately, may not provide information quickly enough or measure the temperature at a suitable location to fully control a nucleate boiling state.
  • nucleate boiling sensor arrangement which is adapted to react quickly, preferably in real-time, to keep a liquid coolant in a nucleation boiling state
  • This patent disclosure relates generally to a nucleate boiling sensor arrangement for liquid cooling systems, comprising a sensor positioned in a support structure; and at least one nucleation cavity in a support structure, said nucleation cavity having a zone of bubble formation, a portion of the sensor positioned at the zone of bubble formation so as to detect initiation of a nucleate boiling state.
  • a method of measuring a nucleate boiling temperature of a surface having at least one nucleation cavity in liquid cooling systems comprising the steps of positioning a portion of a sensor at a zone of bubble formation of at least one cavity and monitoring a temperature at said zone of bubble formation to detect initiation of nucleate boiling state.
  • the disclosure describes a nucleate boiling sensor arrangement adapted to measure a temperature of said liquid coolant in a same plane spanned by said surface.
  • This disclosure generally relates to a controlled nucleate boiling sensor arrangement for liquid cooling systems. Particularly, it relates to a sensor arrangement and process for accurate detection of initiation of a nucleate boiling state and monitoring thereof.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a cavity 12 which may be located in a liquid cooling system for instance in a cooling circuit of a vehicle.
  • Cavity 12 may be formed within a support structure 18 of the cooling circuit.
  • bubbles may form in cavity 12 and depart therefrom.
  • a bubble may form within a zone of bubble formation 13 prior to bubble departure.
  • the zone of bubble formation 13 includes the hollow of the cavity 12 and the proximate region around the aperture of cavity 12 on surface 11. In the absence of a bubble said areas may be in contact with a coolant liquid that may circulate through the coolant circuit. During bubble formation and prior to bubble departure said areas may be contact with the vapour of the bubble. Monitoring the temperature at the zone of bubble formation 13 provides an accurate gauge of bubble formation to thereby accurately detect changes in the boiling state.
  • the zone of bubble formation 13 may include the periphery 14 around the cavity 12 in support structure 18. Temperature changes within the cavity 12 may be accurately detected within the periphery 14.
  • each cavity may have a zone of bubble formation 13 such that the plurality of zones may merge to form a single combined zone of bubble formation 13.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a first embodiment of a controlled nucleate boiling sensor for a controlled nucleate boiling sensor arrangement according to the present disclosure.
  • a sensor 2 may be constituted by three sections.
  • a first section 3 having the largest diameter of the sensor may be in contact with the liquid coolant.
  • Attached to the second section 4 may be a third section 5.
  • a connection element 6 may be connected to third section 5. The connection element 6 enables the sensor 2 to be electrically connected to a control system for further processing of the measurements taken by the sensor 2.
  • Section 3 may be formed in any suitable shape.
  • first section 3 may have a generally cylindrical shape.
  • First section 3 may comprise an external layer which may include a junction 7 and an insulation shield 10.
  • Insulation shield 10 may be thermally or electrically insulating.
  • first section 3 may be connected to second section 4 and, in an embodiment, at the other end the first section 3 may comprise the junction 7.
  • Junction 7 may be a thin plate and may be in contact with a surface or a substance, for instance a coolant liquid, for monitoring the temperature thereof.
  • the first section 3 may be enclosed on its entire circumference by an insulation shield 10.
  • the insulation shield 10 may protect the sensor from damage when the sensor is installed into the surface of the cooling circuit.
  • the insulation shield 10 may also act as a fastening element when mounted into surface of the cooling circuit.
  • the insulation shield 10 may be slightly larger in diameter in respect to a hole 16 into which sensor 2 is to be installed so as to press fit the sensor 2 into the hole 16.
  • the outer surface of the insulation shield 10 may also have a structure to further provide for a tight fit, such as threads or a knurled structure.
  • the first section 3 may be constituted by two different conducting materials 8 and 9, for instance metals.
  • the first material 9 may occupy the entire volume of section 3 except for an annular centre area.
  • the centre area may be constituted by a second material 8.
  • the first 8 and second 9 material may aid in monitoring a surface or a substance through a portion of sensor 2 based on a thermoelectric effect between the two materials.
  • Sensor 2 may detect initiation of a nucleate boiling state at the zone of bubble formation 13 or a combined zone of bubble formation. In an embodiment, initiation of a nucleate boiling state may be detected through a portion of sensor 2. The portion of sensor 2 may be junction 7 or a portion of junction 7.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a first embodiment of a controlled nucleate boiling sensor arrangement 1 for measuring a temperature in a cooling circuit.
  • a sensor 2 may be inserted into the support structure 18 of a cooling circuit.
  • the sensor may be inserted in a hole 16 provided in the support structure 18 of a cooling circuit.
  • the hole 16 may be shaped to accommodate sensor 2.
  • the hole 16 may be sized so as to accommodate the sensor 2 in a press-fit manner.
  • the mounting of the sensor 2 may be achieved by pressing it into the hole 16 with force so that the sensor 2 may be arranged so as to be substantially part of the support structure 18.
  • hole 16 may be provided with threading for receiving and mounting sensor 2.
  • the hole 16 may have a closed end which may be located in support structure 18.
  • a plurality of cavities 12 may be formed in the support structure 18 extending into the surface 11.
  • the closed end 33 of the hole 16 may be positioned in the periphery 14.
  • the periphery 14 may include a border 35.
  • the border 35 may lie between the closed end 33 and the bottom of the cavities 12.
  • a suitable metal may constitute the support structure 18. Any suitable form-shaping process, such as laser treatment or stamping or any other suitable forming process may be used to obtain the cavity 12 or the plurality of cavities 12.
  • the sensor 2 In operative position the sensor 2 may be inserted in the hole 16 and junction 7 of the sensor 2 may abut the closed end 33.
  • the junction 7 may be within the periphery 14.
  • Surface 11 may be substantially plane in the region wherein cavities 12 may not be present.
  • a liquid coolant 34 may be in contact with the surface 11 and the interior of the cavities 12.
  • a bubble 15 may form at the zone of bubble formation 13 and bubble departure may signal that a state of nucleate boiling is reached.
  • the sensor 2 abutting the border 35 may accurately monitor the periphery 14 within the zone of bubble formation and thereby detect initiating of the nucleate boiling state.
  • the material used for the parts of a cooling system must be suitable to withstand heat and must be corrosion-resistant due to the contact with the liquid coolant. Certain metals, like steel and aluminium fulfil these requirements. Certain polymers or any other material having similar characteristics as the metal described above can be used.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the controlled nucleate boiling sensor arrangement 1 comprising the sensor 2 in an operative position wherein the sensor 2 may be mounted in the coolant circuit.
  • the sensor arrangement 1 may include the sensor 2, which may be mounted in a hole 16 of a support structure 18 of a cooling circuit.
  • the hole 16 may be sized so as to accommodate the sensor 2 in a press-fit manner.
  • the mounting of the sensor 2 may be achieved by pressing it into the hole 16 with force so that the sensor 2 may be arranged so as to be substantially part of the support structure 18.
  • Surface 11 of support structure 18 may be flush with junction 7.
  • the support structure 18 may have a plurality of cavities 12 on the surface 11.
  • Each of the cavities 12 may be shaped to be substantially cylindrical with an opening at the surface 11.
  • each of the opening may have a diameter which may be lesser in magnitude than the depth of the cavities 12
  • the plurality of cavities 12 may be spaced apart from the junction 7 so as to form a cluster 17 of cavities 12. Within the cluster 17 the cavities 12 may be arranged randomly or in regular distances from each other at the surface 11 of the support structure 18.
  • a bubble 15 may form in the zone of bubble formation 13.
  • the junction 7 may be positioned so that at least a part of the bubble 15 may contact the junction 7 of the sensor 2.
  • the junction 7 may be adapted to monitor the temperature of the coolant at surface 11 and detect initiation of nucleate boiling, i.e. when one or more bubbles 15 start departing from the cavities 12.
  • the junction 7 may also be in contact with the fluid coolant, vapour of a forming bubble or residual vapour of a departed bubble for measuring the actual temperature at that location.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a third embodiment of the controlled nucleate boiling sensor arrangement comprising the sensor 2 according to the disclosure.
  • the sensor 2 may be arranged below the cavities 12 of the support structure 18 of the cooling circuit. Cavities 12 may extend through support structure 18 to a hole 16 for receiving sensor 2.
  • the junction 7 of the sensor 2 may be arranged so as to be in immediate contact with the bottom of cavities 12 wherein junction 7 may form a bottom surface 19 of the cavities 12.
  • the bottom surface 19 may be in direct contact with the zone of bubble formation 13 and with the fluid coolant, vapour of a forming bubble or residual vapour of a departed bubble for measuring the actual temperature at that location.
  • the plurality of cavities 12 present in the surface 11 of the support structure 18 may be arranged in regular distances to each other.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the controlled nucleate boiling sensor arrangement.
  • the controlled nucleate boiling sensor 2 may be positioned at the zone of bubble formation 13 of a single cavity.
  • the junction 7 of the sensor 2 may form the bottom surface 19 of a single cavity.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a second embodiment of the controlled nucleate boiling sensor.
  • a sensor 20, which may comprise two-parts. One part may be first section 21, which may be substantially cylindrical and may have an edge 27 at one end. At the other end of first section 21 may be a junction 23 covering a part of the sensor 20, which may be in contact with a liquid coolant during operation of the sensor 20. At the surface 26 of the junction 23 may be a cavities 24 dispersed thereon.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a third embodiment of the controlled nucleate boiling sensor.
  • At the surface 26 of the sensor 20 may be a plurality of clusters 28 comprising cavities 24.
  • Sensor 20 may fit into a hole 16 of support structure 18. Sensor 20 may detect initiation of a nucleate boiling state at the zone of bubble formation 13 of cavity 24 or at the combined zone of bubble formation. Initiation of a nucleate boiling state may be detected through a portion of sensor 20. The portion of sensor 20 may be junction 23 or a portion of junction 23.
  • the cluster 28 may be arranged so as to build a regular pattern having the equal distances to each other or may be arranged in a random configuration.
  • a bubble 25 may build up at a cluster 28 so as to cover at least a portion of the cluster 28 or cavity 24 at the surface 26.
  • Junction 12 may be adapted to measure a temperature when the bubble 25 begins to depart from the surface 26.
  • the junction 23 may be in direct contact with zones of the bubble formation of the cavities 24 or the combined zone of bubble formation of the cavities.
  • the junction 23 may also be in contact with the fluid coolant, vapour of a forming bubble or residual vapour of a departed bubble for measuring the actual temperature at that location.
  • junction 23 is damaged or cavities 24 are corroded.
  • sensor 20 may be exchanged with a new junction 23.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the controlled nucleate boiling sensor.
  • Sensor 40 may comprise a first section 41.
  • First section 41 may comprise a surface 42.
  • Surface 42 may comprise a cavity 43 or a plurality of cavities 43.
  • the cavities may be arranged in clusters. Cavities may be formed by machining into first section 41.
  • First section 41 may comprise a junction 44 positioned below the cavity 43.
  • the junction may be embedded in first section 41 and may be positioned up to 1mm from the surface 42.
  • the junction 44 may be in direct contact with zones of the bubble formation of the cavity 43 or the combined zone of bubble formation of a plurality of cavities 43.
  • Sensor 40 may detect initiation of a nucleate boiling state at the zone of bubble formation 13 of cavity 43. Initiation of a nucleate boiling state may be detected through a portion of sensor 40.
  • the portion of sensor 40 may be junction 44 or a portion of junction 44.
  • the layer of first section 41 provided on junction 44 may be removably mounted to the sensor 40.
  • the layer of first section 41 may be welded, screwed or pressed on the sensor 40.
  • Sensor 40 may be mounted into a hole 16 of support structure 18 by press-fitting or by threading.
  • This disclosure describes a controlled nucleate boiling sensor arrangement, wherein the controlled nucleate boiling sensor is arranged in close vicinity to the nucleation cavities and in direct contact with a bubble forming at said cavities.
  • the industrial applicability of the controlled nucleate boiling sensor manufactured as part of a cooling system or temperature controlled process or as an add-on element as described herein will be readily appreciated from the foregoing discussion.
  • the sensor with the cavities thereon can easily be replaced keeping maintenance low and downtime of the machine to a minimum.
  • the present disclosure is applicable to cooling systems for, but not limited to, internal combustion engines.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
EP08166816A 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Capteur d'ébullition de nucléation contrôlée Withdrawn EP2177733A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08166816A EP2177733A1 (fr) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Capteur d'ébullition de nucléation contrôlée

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08166816A EP2177733A1 (fr) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Capteur d'ébullition de nucléation contrôlée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2177733A1 true EP2177733A1 (fr) 2010-04-21

Family

ID=40524837

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08166816A Withdrawn EP2177733A1 (fr) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Capteur d'ébullition de nucléation contrôlée

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2177733A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02115755A (ja) * 1988-10-26 1990-04-27 Toshiba Corp 回転電機の冷却水循環系異常検出装置
DE4113294C1 (fr) * 1991-04-24 1992-06-17 Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim, De
US20020049015A1 (en) * 1997-06-16 2002-04-25 Akitaka Suzuki Exhaust and control for watercraft engine
WO2003038251A1 (fr) * 2001-10-22 2003-05-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procede, programme informatique et appareil de commande et/ou de regulation, servant au fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne, et moteur a combustion interne

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02115755A (ja) * 1988-10-26 1990-04-27 Toshiba Corp 回転電機の冷却水循環系異常検出装置
DE4113294C1 (fr) * 1991-04-24 1992-06-17 Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim, De
US20020049015A1 (en) * 1997-06-16 2002-04-25 Akitaka Suzuki Exhaust and control for watercraft engine
WO2003038251A1 (fr) * 2001-10-22 2003-05-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procede, programme informatique et appareil de commande et/ou de regulation, servant au fonctionnement d'un moteur a combustion interne, et moteur a combustion interne

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20070000908A1 (en) Fail safe HVAC temperature and medium presence sensor
US20090180514A1 (en) Transformer and a method of monitoring an operation property of the transformer
US20190154517A1 (en) Heat flux meter and abnormality diagnosis device
US10309837B2 (en) Measuring device, in particular for use in the process measurement technology, comprising a cylindrical sensor tip
JP6602717B2 (ja) 冷凍ユニットのメンテナンス方法
EP2177733A1 (fr) Capteur d'ébullition de nucléation contrôlée
EP3343199A1 (fr) Appareil de distribution de cire de paraffine utilisé dans une machine d'enrobage et machine d'enrobage comportant ce dernier
US20130133854A1 (en) Heat exchange apparatus
CN110123356A (zh) 一种能够实时监测热状态的ct球管
US10151615B2 (en) Liquid level sensor, method for controlling the same and reactor with the same
EP3144124B1 (fr) Sonde de température pour des machines d'extrusion de thermoplastique
JP5732826B2 (ja) 鋳造品の検査方法
JP2006113014A (ja) センサ付軸受装置
JP2765157B2 (ja) 軸受の異常監視装置
JP6027955B2 (ja) 湿度計構成部材、湿度計、および環境試験装置
US8342744B2 (en) Differential scanning calorimeter
JP5598704B2 (ja) 回転電機
KR101987789B1 (ko) 냉수탱크
CN113251705A (zh) 微通道热交换器上的温度传感器固定
JP2010112653A (ja) センサ取付用配管、センサ付き配管および冷凍装置、並びにセンサ付き配管の製造方法
US20190248386A1 (en) Bogie for a rail vehicle
CN212761802U (zh) 一种电路板结构及焊割设备
SU513555A1 (ru) Устройство дл контрол уровн шлака и металла при электрошлаковом переплаве
CN106441959A (zh) 一种igbt模块散热性能的评估方法
JP5838762B2 (ja) 熱交換装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA MK RS

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20101020

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20101118

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20140501