EP2174378A2 - Redox-batterie - Google Patents
Redox-batterieInfo
- Publication number
- EP2174378A2 EP2174378A2 EP08784355A EP08784355A EP2174378A2 EP 2174378 A2 EP2174378 A2 EP 2174378A2 EP 08784355 A EP08784355 A EP 08784355A EP 08784355 A EP08784355 A EP 08784355A EP 2174378 A2 EP2174378 A2 EP 2174378A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- battery according
- electrolyte
- hollow
- battery
- hollow profile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003681 vanadium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0289—Means for holding the electrolyte
- H01M8/0293—Matrices for immobilising electrolyte solutions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0005—Acid electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a redox battery having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- redox reaction In the so-called redox reaction, one reactant transfers electrons to the other reactant. In this case, an electron donation (oxidation) by the one reaction partner as well as an electron uptake (reduction) by the other reaction partner take place. The electron flow can be used as energy.
- redox reactions are used for example in batteries and Aklcumulatoren.
- a redox battery is known from WO 03/019714 Al.
- a two-compartmentalized by an ion-conducting membrane cell with two different electrolytes is provided, wherein the electrolytes are circulated in each case in circuits, each with a container via pumps.
- an electrode is provided, via which the electrons are tapped or re-introduced, while the proton exchange takes place via the membrane.
- an electrolyte there is provided an electrolyte containing a polyhalide / halide redox couple
- an electrolyte containing a YQH) N (TL) redox couple is provided.
- a conventional redox battery leaves nothing to be desired.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to improve a redox battery of the type mentioned.
- a redox battery with a proton permeable membrane, a first electrolyte and a second electrolyte, a first electrode and a second electrode wherein the.
- Membrane is formed as a hollow profile, the electrolyte is at least in the operating state in liquid form, the first electrolyte and the first electrode is disposed inside the hollow profile, the second electrolyte on the outside around the hollow profile and the second electrode on the outside or in the vicinity of the Hollow profile is arranged, a plurality of electrodes is connected in parallel, and the interiors of the hollow profiles are in fluid communication with each other.
- the hollow profile has a hydraulically equivalent inner diameter of 6 .mu.m to 10 mm, particularly preferably from 50 .mu.m to 8 mm, particularly preferably from 500 .mu.m to 5 mm.
- the wall thickness of the hollow profile is preferably 0.1 .mu.m to 1.5 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 .mu.m to 1 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 .mu.m to 0.5 mm, the fluctuation of the wall thickness preferably being less than +/- 6%. lies.
- the operating temperature of the battery is preferably below 100 ° C, but also batteries with higher operating temperatures are possible. However, in certain applications, for example when using a laptop, temperature problems can occur, so that the lowest possible operating temperature is preferred.
- the electrolytes are preferably an electrolyte containing vanadium salt, in particular in combination with citric acid and / or oxalic acid.
- compositions of the electrolytes reference is made to EP 1 143 546 A1, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated in relation to the electrolytes.
- Particularly suitable are aqueous solutions with vanadium salt, particularly preferably in combination with citric acid and / or oxalic acid.
- the electrolyte may also be an electrolyte which is present as a melt at normal operating temperatures of the battery. In particular, this melt preferably solidifies when the battery is out of operation.
- the membrane forming the hollow sections preferably contains gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polymer, PTFE and / or PEEK.
- Particularly suitable as material for the membranes are polyester, polymer, fluorinated polymer, sulfonated polymer, in particular sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene polymer, PTFE, PEEK, although the list is not exhaustive.
- membranes available under the names Nafion (R), Gore Select (R), 3M (R), Celanese (R), Satorius (R).
- the membranes can also be made of stabilized zirconium dioxide and / or titanium oxide and / or silicon, in particular in the form of kieselguhr, in the form of sintered profiles, hollow profiles or films, or in the form of so-called green bodies, wherein the nanoparticle content in relation to the total solids content up to 80% lies.
- the binder used here is preferably a polymer, in particular a so-called biopolymer, which serves as a proton conductor.
- the membranes can also be formed by textile sheet materials, in particular in non-woven form, from microfibers or hollow fibers, wherein the fibers are preferably made of the abovementioned materials zirconium dioxide and / or titanium oxide and / or silicon dioxide.
- the membrane consists of citric acid in conjunction with nanoparticles, in particular silicon, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium, wherein the surfaces in contact with the electrolyte have the lotus effect.
- Carbon fibers and / or metal fibers are preferably provided as electrodes. These may extend parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the membrane designed as a hollow profile, wherein they may be arranged running from the inside or outside of the surface of the hollow profile separately or along the surface of the hollow profile.
- the electrodes are open-celled, ie the Surface structure of the same is enlarged.
- the hollow profiles may be arranged in a frame in the form of a circular ring, wherein the hollow profile ends are integrated so that a stable, self-supporting ring is formed, on whose outer peripheral surface the open hollow fiber ends are exposed or at least contactable.
- the frame can, seen in cross-section, represent a flat circular ring. From this frame, the electrodes are led out, wherein the electrodes connected to the inner surface of the hollow profile or arranged in the interior of the hollow profiles are led out individually.
- the individual electrodes can be combined - possibly also integrated into the frame.
- the outside of the hollow profiles arranged electrodes are preferably also combined and led out.
- the frame may also have the shape of a polygon, in particular a rectangle, wherein the hollow profile ends are integrated so that a stable, self-supporting, polygonal, in particular rectangular, frame is formed, on the outer peripheral surface exposed the open hollow profile ends.
- the individual hollow profiles can be arranged in this case either parallel to one another or crosswise, wherein the length of the hollow profiles preferably corresponds approximately to the length or width of the frame.
- the hollow profiles preferably have a length of about 5 mm to 1000 mm, particularly preferably 30 mm to 300 mm.
- the thickness of the frame values between about 1 mm and 35 mm have proven particularly suitable for fulfilling the function of the frame as a shape stabilizer.
- the height of the frame is preferably about 0.5 mm to 15 mm. This height is sufficient to accommodate several hollow profile layers on top of each other.
- Such a frame is suitable for a stack of several sub-batteries, wherein the individual sub-batteries can be connected in parallel to increase the voltage in series and / or to increase the current.
- the frame may be formed according to a preferred embodiment such that it is bendable about an axis which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hollow profile.
- the frame may - in the case of a rigid, rectangular in the stretched frame, as well as a corresponding, plastically or elastically deformable frame - in view of the opening of the hollow sections have any shape, such as a C-shape.
- the hollow profile may preferably be spun, extruded or wound from a film.
- a hollow profile may be composed of two or more open spun or extruded profiles. Any other types of production are possible.
- the coating is particularly preferably formed open-celled.
- the coating may also include a catalyst if necessary.
- a coating protects the film.
- the containers are particularly preferably designed to be interchangeable.
- the containers are preferably integrated in electrolyte circuits, in which the corresponding electrolyte is conveyed by a pump, so that a sufficient exchange in the inner region of the battery is possible.
- the promotion of one or both electrolytes can also be done purely by gravity.
- even small differences in height of the liquid levels are sufficient to ensure a sufficient electrolyte exchange, especially in the interior of the hollow profiles.
- a redox battery according to the invention may preferably be used as a drive for an electric vehicle, aircraft or ship, but other applications, such as for laptops, are possible.
- the central longitudinal axes of the membranes designed as hollow profiles are arranged to extend vertically with respect to the normal orientation of the battery.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the frame with hollow profiles of Fig. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a battery from the side, Fig. 4 of a vanadium redox Batteiie to illustrate the operation, and
- Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c different exemplary cross sections of membrane hollow sections.
- a redox battery 1 is formed according to the first exemplary embodiment by a plurality of partial batteries 2 which are connected in series in order to increase the voltage.
- Each sub-battery 2 has a frame 3, an upper and a lower frame cover (not shown), held in this frame 3 in the region of their ends hollow sections 4 and two electrolytes 5 and 6.
- the first electrolyte 5 is located inside the hollow sections 4 and the second electrolyte 6 outside the hollow sections 4 within the corresponding frame 3.
- the membranes, which form the hollow sections 4, in the present case consist of National (R).
- the hollow profile 4 is substantially hollow cylindrical in shape, wherein the free inner diameter in the present case is 1 mm.
- the wall thickness is about 10 microns, with the variation of the wall thickness (seen over the length and the circumference) below +/- 6%.
- a substantially endless hollow section is produced by extrusion in a manner known per se, and the individual hollow sections 4 are cut to length.
- a first electrode 7 is inserted.
- the second electrodes 8 and the outer surfaces 4a of the hollow sections 4 are electrically conductively connected to the inner surface 3i of the frame 3, and accordingly, the first electrodes 7 and the inner surfaces 4i of the hollow sections 4 become electrically conductive conductively connected to the outer surface 3a of the frame 3, wherein the inner surface 3i and the outer surface 3a of the frame 3 against each other elekrisch isolated.
- the shading of the individual sub-batteries 2 in series in order to increase the battery voltage takes place in a known manner.
- the sub-batteries 2 are inserted into a housing (not shown).
- the electrolytes are each an aqueous solution of vanadium salt with citric acid and oxalic acid.
- the vanadium is in ionized form, in the case of the first electrolyte 5 in the form V 5 W 4+ and in the case of the second electrolyte 6 form V 2 W 3+ .
- the filling of the hollow sections 4 takes place via a feed line 9 and the discharge of the air contained in the interior via a discharge line 10 until all the air is removed from the system.
- the supply line 9 and the discharge line 10 are connected to a first container 11, wherein a circulation of the first electrolyte 5 via a first pump 12 takes place.
- the interior of the frame 3 is filled with the second electrolyte 6, which essentially completely fills the volume in the frame.
- the interior of the frame 3 is connected to a second container 15, which stores the second electrolyte 6.
- the circulation of the second electrolyte 6 takes place via a second pump 16.
- a sub-battery 2 Based on a sub-battery 2 is shown in Fig. 4, the basic structure with respect to the power generation, wherein the hollow profile 4 forming membrane is shown as a corrugated wall.
- the DC voltage generated by the redox battery 1 can be converted into an AC voltage via a voltage converter AC / DC, if necessary.
- the unloading process “Discharge” is indicated by a dashed arrow, the load by "Load”.
- a generator generates "Generator” to L aden “charge” an AC voltage, which is converted in the voltage converter AC / DC into a DC voltage, which is used to charge the battery 1.
- V 4+ is oxidized to V 5+ in the corresponding redox reaction on the left side of Fig. 4, which corresponds to the hollow profile interiors , to release an electron e " Other, in Fig. 4 right side shown, which corresponds to the environment of the hollow sections 4, after it has flowed through an external (charging) circuit supplied.
- This electron e "reduces V 3+ to V 2+
- excess protons H + are formed on the side shown on the right in Fig. 4, which corresponds to the external environment of the hollow sections 4.
- the frame is not annular but formed as a rectangular hollow profile, ie all hollow sections, which are held by the frame be, have the same length.
- FIG. 5a, 5b and 5c show, by way of example, different cross-sections of hollow profiles 4.
- substantially hollow-cylindrical hollow profiles FIG. 5a
- elliptical hollow profiles FIG. 5b
- rounded rectangular-shaped hollow profiles FIG. 5c
- hollow profiles do not necessarily have to be made "in one piece", so in particular also hollow profiles composed of two C-shaped profiles are possible
- Such a composite hollow profile has advantages with respect to the introduction of the internally disposed electrode, since the same in the inner C-profile can be inserted before the profile of the second C-profile, which somewhat embraces the first C-profile with its long-side ends, is closed as a diameter for non-circular cross-sections, although not explicitly mentioned assumed hydraulically equivalent diameter.
- the hollow profiles may also be formed slightly shorter than the corresponding dimension of the frame, wherein in the outer surface of the frame circular recesses are provided around the end of the hollow sections, which serve the connection of external lines and the current feedthrough of the electrodes ,
- such a redox battery with a voltage of about 42 V can be used for an electric car, wherein electric motors in the form of wheel hub electric motors are integrated directly into the wheels. Due to the arrangement of the hollow sections in a liquid, the stresses due to acceleration, braking and in particular uneven roads on the hollow sections are relatively low.
- the tanks serving as tanks can - if the corresponding old electrolyte
- the braking energy can be used by reversing the direction of current flow in a simple manner known per se for charging the battery, so that the power consumption can be optimized so high that it can be dispensed with the entrainment of fuel-converting apparatus for power generation, such as, for example, a fuel cell.
- a PEEK foil is provided as the membrane which forms the hollow profiles, as used, for example, as a PEM foil in fuel cells, which are wound into tubes is.
- thin strips of metal are applied directly on the PEEK film on both sides, for example, printed, which serve as electrodes.
- the film thickness here is 0.5 mm with maximum dimensional variations of +/- 3%, the hydraulically equivalent inner diameter of the hollow profiles, which have only approximately a hollow cylindrical shape, in the present case is 5 mm.
- the hollow profiles are helically wound, so that the hollow profiles can be produced "endlessly” and cut to the desired length, the longitudinal edges of the film being adhesively bonded to a solvent Furthermore, it is proton-conducting and separates the anode from the cathode.
- the ends of the hollow profiles are held in a rectangular frame, wherein the connections for the electrolyte flow of the hollow profile interior spaces with the first Electrolytes correspond to those of the first embodiment.
- the second electrolyte is arranged around the hollow profiles around the outside.
- the frame in the present case has a length of 300 mm, a width of 200 mm and a height of 20 mm.
- ten frames are combined to form a redox battery, wherein the individual sub-batteries are connected in series.
- aqueous solutions of a vanadium salt in sulfurous acid are used as electrolytes, the concentration of the sulfate ions being in the range from 3 mol / 1 to 4 mol / l.
- the hollow profiles are arranged bent in a U-shape, wherein the open ends are taken in a frame on which appropriate connections for introducing and discharging the electrolyte can be provided.
- the hollow profiles are in this case arranged such that in the present case the openings for introduction on a circular ring outside the openings for discharging, which are also arranged in a circular ring arranged.
- About circular annular gap between the outside of the frame and a counter element is a common supply of all partial flows to the hollow sections as well as a common derivative thereof.
- the hollow profiles are arranged freely in the second electrolyte, that is, they are flowed around over a large area thereof.
- the frame is arranged in a tubular housing and closed by means of a lid, wherein the supply of the second electrolyte takes place via this cover.
- the derivative of the second electrolyte is vorüegend by a central opening in the frame.
- Redox battery sub-battery frame hollow section first electrolyte second electrolyte first electrode second electrode
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007034700A DE102007034700A1 (de) | 2007-07-16 | 2007-07-16 | Redox-Batterie |
| PCT/DE2008/001174 WO2009010051A2 (de) | 2007-07-16 | 2008-07-16 | Redox-batterie |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2174378A2 true EP2174378A2 (de) | 2010-04-14 |
Family
ID=40149123
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08784355A Withdrawn EP2174378A2 (de) | 2007-07-16 | 2008-07-16 | Redox-batterie |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100216006A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2174378A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2010533934A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20100044848A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101939872A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2008278097B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2693856A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102007034700A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009010051A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8722226B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2014-05-13 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | High energy density redox flow device |
| US9786944B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2017-10-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
| US11909077B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2024-02-20 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High energy density redox flow device |
| US8785023B2 (en) | 2008-07-07 | 2014-07-22 | Enervault Corparation | Cascade redox flow battery systems |
| US7820321B2 (en) | 2008-07-07 | 2010-10-26 | Enervault Corporation | Redox flow battery system for distributed energy storage |
| JP5882888B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-06 | 2016-03-09 | 24エム・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレイテッド24M Technologies, Inc. | レドックスフロー電池を使用した燃料システム |
| DE102009035314B4 (de) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-07-21 | Bauer, Bernd, Dr., 71665 | Redoxbatterie mit Flüssigelektrolyt und Verfahren zum Erzeugen elektrischer Energie unter Einsatz einer solchen Batterie |
| WO2012097286A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 | 2012-07-19 | Deeya Energy, Inc. | Flow cell stack |
| JP2012164495A (ja) * | 2011-02-04 | 2012-08-30 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 電解液流通型電池システム |
| US8980484B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 | 2015-03-17 | Enervault Corporation | Monitoring electrolyte concentrations in redox flow battery systems |
| US8916281B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 | 2014-12-23 | Enervault Corporation | Rebalancing electrolytes in redox flow battery systems |
| CN102315454A (zh) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-01-11 | 大连丽昌新材料有限公司 | 一种复合集电体的制备及其在锂离子液流电池中的应用 |
| US9236620B2 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2016-01-12 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Composite separators and redox flow batteries based on porous separators |
| US8993159B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2015-03-31 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
| US9362583B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2016-06-07 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid electrodes having high rate capability |
| DE102013005864A1 (de) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-09 | Murrplastik Verwaltung- und Beteiligungs-GmbH | Redox-Flow-Zelle |
| EP2876712A1 (de) | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. | Sauerstoff-Vanadium-Redox-Flussbatterie mit Vanadiumelektrolyt mit darin verteilten Kohlenstoffpartikeln |
| CH708927A1 (de) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-15 | Dr Jürgen Riegel | Einzelradantrieb für Kraftfahrzeuge mit Brennstoffzelle oder Flow-Batterie. |
| DE102014005252A1 (de) | 2014-04-10 | 2015-10-15 | Hans-Jürgen Bohe | Galvanische Zelle und Redox-Flow-Zelle |
| US9899695B2 (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2018-02-20 | General Electric Company | Zinc-based electrolyte compositions, and related electrochemical processes and articles |
| DE102016122284A1 (de) | 2016-11-19 | 2018-05-24 | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena | Redox-Flow-Batterie zur Speicherung elektrischer Energie mit Hohlfasermembranen |
| DE102016122285A1 (de) | 2016-11-19 | 2018-05-24 | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena | Redox-Flow-Batterie zur Speicherung elektrischer Energie mit radial angeordneten Hohlfasermembranen |
| US12183932B2 (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2024-12-31 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Electrochemical flow devices and methods of making the same |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19860056A1 (de) * | 1997-12-28 | 1999-07-08 | Klaus Dr Rennebeck | Brennstoffzelleneinheit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60101881A (ja) * | 1983-11-08 | 1985-06-05 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | レドツクスフロ−電池のセル構造 |
| JP2724817B2 (ja) * | 1986-02-11 | 1998-03-09 | ユニサーチ・リミテッド | 全バナジウムのレドツクス電池 |
| JPH07107860B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-09 | 1995-11-15 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | レドックスフロー電池用隔膜 |
| JPH01115067A (ja) * | 1987-10-29 | 1989-05-08 | Nkk Corp | 電解液流通型電池システム |
| JP2994210B2 (ja) * | 1994-08-22 | 1999-12-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | バナジウム系レドックスフロー型電池の電解液 |
| CA2220075C (en) * | 1995-05-03 | 2008-07-08 | Unisearch Limited | High energy density vanadium electrolyte solutions, methods of preparation thereof and all-vanadium redox cells and batteries containing high energy vanadium electrolyte solutions |
| US5989300A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 1999-11-23 | Eshraghi; Ray R. | Process of producing electrochemical products or energy from a fiberous electrochemical cell |
| JP2000012064A (ja) * | 1998-06-25 | 2000-01-14 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | バナジウムレドックス電池電解液およびそれを用いたバナジウムレドックス電池 |
| ATE448582T1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 2009-11-15 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Redox durchflussbatterie |
| AU2000267249A1 (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2002-02-25 | Squirrel Holdings Ltd. | Vanadium electrolyte preparation using asymmetric vanadium reduction cells and use of an asymmetric vanadium reduction cell for rebalancing the state of charge of the electrolytes of an operating vanadium redox battery |
| JP2002184424A (ja) * | 2000-12-12 | 2002-06-28 | Inst Of Research & Innovation | カラム型電気化学セル |
| JP3897544B2 (ja) * | 2001-06-07 | 2007-03-28 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | レドックスフロー電池用電解液およびレドックスフロー電池 |
| AUPR722101A0 (en) | 2001-08-24 | 2001-09-13 | Skyllas-Kazacos, Maria | Vanadium chloride/polyhalide redox flow battery |
| KR20040060956A (ko) * | 2001-10-29 | 2004-07-06 | 레베오 인코포레이티드 | 다중챔버 보관장치 |
| JP4140691B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-23 | 2008-08-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | レドックスフロー電池の運転方法 |
| DE102004062449A1 (de) * | 2004-12-17 | 2006-07-06 | Klaus Dr. Rennebeck | Brennstoffzellensystem auf Mikrohohlfaser-Basis zur Wassermineralisierung |
-
2007
- 2007-07-16 DE DE102007034700A patent/DE102007034700A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-07-16 JP JP2010516367A patent/JP2010533934A/ja active Pending
- 2008-07-16 CA CA2693856A patent/CA2693856A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-07-16 KR KR1020107003249A patent/KR20100044848A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-16 AU AU2008278097A patent/AU2008278097B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-16 EP EP08784355A patent/EP2174378A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-16 WO PCT/DE2008/001174 patent/WO2009010051A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-16 US US12/669,007 patent/US20100216006A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-07-16 CN CN2008801072921A patent/CN101939872A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19860056A1 (de) * | 1997-12-28 | 1999-07-08 | Klaus Dr Rennebeck | Brennstoffzelleneinheit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007034700A1 (de) | 2009-01-22 |
| CN101939872A (zh) | 2011-01-05 |
| AU2008278097B2 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
| WO2009010051A2 (de) | 2009-01-22 |
| AU2008278097A1 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
| KR20100044848A (ko) | 2010-04-30 |
| CA2693856A1 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
| US20100216006A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
| WO2009010051A3 (de) | 2009-04-02 |
| JP2010533934A (ja) | 2010-10-28 |
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