EP2171829A1 - Elektrische maschine - Google Patents
Elektrische maschineInfo
- Publication number
- EP2171829A1 EP2171829A1 EP08774162A EP08774162A EP2171829A1 EP 2171829 A1 EP2171829 A1 EP 2171829A1 EP 08774162 A EP08774162 A EP 08774162A EP 08774162 A EP08774162 A EP 08774162A EP 2171829 A1 EP2171829 A1 EP 2171829A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- electrical machine
- machine according
- poles
- tab
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
- H02K21/042—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with permanent magnets and field winding both rotating
- H02K21/044—Rotor of the claw pole type
Definitions
- an electric machine which is designed as a so-called Klauenpolgenerator.
- This electric machine has a stator and a rotor, wherein adjacently polarized excitation poles, which are arranged adjacent to the circumference of the rotor, generate a stator voltage in a stator winding of the stator during rotational movement.
- the excitation poles of this machine are designed as so-called claw poles.
- Exciter poles are arranged permanent magnets, which act on leakage flux compensation between the adjacent arranged exciter poles.
- the permanent magnets are fixed in the interpolar spaces by means of holding elements which build relatively large, so that the rotational inertia of the rotor is relatively large.
- Rotor arranged adjacent differently polarized excitation poles which are in particular claw poles and wherein between the excitation poles Pol thoroughlyschreib are arranged, wherein in at least one Pol fundamentalraum at least one permanent magnet is arranged, which counteracts a stray flux between its adjacent excitation poles and the permanent magnet supported by a holding element is, wherein the permanent magnet in the radial direction at least partially has a taper of the contour in longitudinal section and the retaining element engages the permanent magnet form-fitting manner on the tapered contour, has the advantage that the permanent magnet by relatively short and small built holding elements is held, as they do not have to be extended radially below the permanent magnets.
- the holding element is relatively small, so that with the reduction of the mass of the holding element and the total mass of the rotor is reduced.
- the holding elements are usually arranged in the vicinity of the radial outer circumference of the rotor, where a mass reduction has particularly strong effects on the reduction of the rotational inertia.
- the advantage of reducing the rotational inertia is the fact that the centrifugal forces acting on the claw poles or excitation poles are reduced, so that the bending moment acting on the pole root, which is caused by the holding element, is reduced.
- the torsional load in the wave-like driving area between the pulley and the magnetic part of the rotor decreases.
- the tensile load of the belt acting on the belt pulley is reduced.
- the holding element has a radially inwardly extending tab which engages behind the tapered contour of the permanent magnet and thereby holds the permanent magnet.
- the tab is encompassed on both sides transversely to the longitudinal axis of the groove by sections of the permanent magnet, not only results in a good holding action in the radial direction, but also below the effect transverse to the radial direction, d. H. in the circumferential direction. In this case, not only an undercut in the radial direction but also in the circumferential direction is formed.
- the tab engages in a wedge-shaped or rectangular or rounded recess of the permanent magnet.
- recesses have the advantage that they are easy to manufacture and offer a reliable connection between the tab and the permanent magnet. If the permanent magnet has at its axial end a recess (recess) on the front side, into which a bulge of the tab engages, the result of the pairing of tab and recess or recess is a very good force transmission between the permanent magnet and the tab.
- the tab has an insertion slope, which facilitates the insertion of the permanent magnet.
- Undercut of the permanent magnet is greater than the material thickness of the tab. This has the advantage of achieving the best possible fit.
- a permanent magnet is one to four times as wide as a width of the tab.
- the permanent magnet has a trapezoidal longitudinal section, which is oriented longitudinally to the pole gap, which means that the longitudinal section is directed substantially along the machine axis and with its longest side radially outward.
- Complicated geometries of the recesses can be produced particularly well if the permanent magnet of sintered material and here preferably of the material combination "rare earth", ie neodymium, iron and boron. Also possible is a material mixture of samarium and cobalt. It is envisaged that the holding element is held by means of Polnuten in the excitation poles, so that the holding element is always secured in its position by the Polnuten - be it radially outward, as well as radially inward - at its position.
- the retaining element is secured radially outward only under a projection of the exciter poles. It is provided that the holding element or the combination of holding element and permanent magnet is fixed by a further holding means under the supernatants, for example by adhesive (resin). This is necessary in order to prevent displacement of the holding elements with the permanent magnets radially inward in the rotating state of the rotor.
- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through an electric machine, designed as
- FIG. 2 shows in a three-dimensional representation a rotor of the aforementioned electric machine
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a pole space with two mutually adjacent excitation poles
- Figure 4a, b and c show a spatial representation of a first embodiment of a permanent magnet, in a longitudinal sectional view with deferred
- FIG. 8a shows another embodiment of a permanent magnet in a spatial view
- FIG. 8b and c shows another embodiment of a permanent magnet in two lateral views
- FIG. 9 shows an installation situation of a permanent magnet with holding element between two excitation poles
- FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet in a pole gap between two excitation poles, wherein the retaining element is secured radially outward only under a projection of the exciter poles.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an electric machine 10, designed as an alternator, especially as an alternator for motor vehicles, shown.
- This has u. a. a two-part housing 13, which consists of a first bearing plate 13.1 and a second bearing plate 13.2.
- the bearing plate 13.1 and the bearing plate 13.2 take in a stator 16, with an annular laminated core 17, in the inside open and axially extending grooves, a stator winding 18 is inserted.
- the annular stator 16 surrounds with its radially inwardly directed surface an electromagnetically excited rotor 20, which is designed as a claw-pole rotor.
- the rotor 20 is u. a. from two Klauenpolplatinen 22 and 23, at the
- the rotor 20 is rotatably supported in the respective end shields 13.1 and 13.2, respectively, by means of a shaft 27 and one respective rolling bearing 28 located on a rotor side. It has two axial end faces, on each of which a fan 30.1 or 30.2 is attached. These fans 30.1 and 30.2 essentially consist of a plate-shaped or disk-shaped section from which fan blades originate in a known manner.
- These fans 30.1 and 30.2 serve to allow openings 40 in the bearing plates 13.1 and 13.2 an air exchange between the outside and the interior of the electric machine 10.
- the openings 40 are provided at the axial ends of the bearing plates 13.1 and 13.2, via the means of the fan 30.1 and 30.2 cooling air is sucked into the interior of the electric machine 10.
- This cooling air is accelerated radially outwards by the rotation of the fans 30.1 and 30.2 so that they can pass through the windings 45 permeable to the cooling air on the drive side 46 and on the electronics side. This effect cools the windings.
- the cooling air takes after passing through the winding heads 45 and 46 or after the flow around these winding heads 45 and 46 a path radially outward through openings not shown.
- FIG. 1 on the right side there is a protective cap 47, which protects various components against environmental influences.
- this protective cap 47 covers, for example, a slip ring assembly 49, which supplies a field winding 51 with exciting current.
- a heat sink 53 Around this slip ring assembly 49 around a heat sink 53 is arranged, which acts here as a positive pole body.
- the bearing plate acts 13.2.
- a connection plate 56 is arranged between the bearing plate 13.2 and the heat sink 53, which in the bearing plate 13.2 attached minus diodes 58 and not shown in this illustration plus diodes in the heat sink 53 in the form of a bridge circuit interconnects.
- FIG. 2 shows, in a three-dimensional representation, parts of the rotor 20 of the electric machine 10 shown in FIG
- Rotor is formed by two times six excitation poles 24, 25, which are circumferentially arranged alternately. Between each exciter pole 24 and an excitation pole 25 is a pole gap 63, which is limited by excitation pole edges 65 of the exciter poles 24, 25. In the excitation pole edges 65 are each a Polnut 67, 68, which extends over the entire length of the exciter pole 24,
- a permanent magnet 60 can be introduced, which is held by a holding element 80 between the exciter poles 24, 25.
- a strip-shaped edge 76 of the holding element 80 engages on both sides in the Polnuten 67, 68.
- the permanent magnets 70 serve to compensate for the magnetic leakage flux between the mutually magnetized excitation poles 24, 25. The leakage flux compensation increases the power output.
- chamfers 78 may be attached to the exciter poles 24, 25 on their edges which run up and / or out in the direction of rotation.
- FIG. 3 shows the cross section through an excitation pole 24 and an exciter pole 25, both of which have respective exciter pole edges 65 facing one another. Between the excitation pole edges 65, the permanent magnet 60 is arranged.
- the permanent magnet 60 is radially outward by means of the strip-shaped edge 76, which is an integral part of the holding member 80, in the Polnuten 67 and
- FIG. 4 a shows a three-dimensional view of a first embodiment of a permanent magnet 70.
- This permanent magnet has a prismatic shape, wherein the prismatic cross section extends transversely between the exciter poles 24 and 25.
- the prismatic cross-section in this case has a trapezoidal shape, see also FIG. 3b.
- the permanent magnet 70 is designed such that two end faces 72 of this permanent magnet 70 are aligned substantially in the direction of the pole gap 63. In this case, these end faces 72 an additional component, after which this
- End surfaces 72 are tilted such that these end faces 72 are directed in the direction of the axis of rotation of the electric machine.
- the permanent magnet 70 as a result of its radially inwardly tapering shape-the cross-sectional area viewed from radially outside decreases with the distance of the cutting surface through the permanent magnet 70 in the radial direction from the axis-has a taper. If one thus imagines a kind of tangential longitudinal section through the permanent magnet 70 and makes several of these cuts as a function of the distance of the tangential longitudinal section to the axis of rotation of the rotor 20, then the tangential longitudinal sectional area becomes smaller as a function of the radial distance. As can be seen in FIG.
- the holding element 80 rests with its base element 82 on the radially outwardly directed surface 73 of the permanent magnet 70.
- two tabs 84 extend, which are angled radially inward from the base element 82 and thereby engage around the permanent magnet 70 at its end face 72.
- the base member 82 and also the tab 84 thus include a so-called acute angle between them. Due to this acute angle ultimately results in a positive connection between the permanent magnet 70 and the support member 80.
- the tabs 84 have at their radially inwardly directed ends 85 so-called insertion bevels 86, which includes the joining of the permanent magnet 70 in the holding element 80th facilitate, as far as it is not joined laterally in the holding element 80.
- FIG. 3c shows a spatial view of the subassembly of permanent magnet 70 and retaining element 80. The tabs 84 clamp the permanent magnet 70 of the end surfaces 72nd
- Pol fundamentalraum 63 at least one permanent magnet 70 is arranged, which counteracts a leakage flux between its adjacent excitation poles 24, 25 during operation and the permanent magnet 70 is supported by a holding element 80.
- the permanent magnet 70 has in the radial direction, d. H. viewed inwardly to the axis of rotation of the rotor, at least partially a taper of the contour in longitudinal section.
- the holding element 80 engages the permanent magnet 70 in a form-fitting manner on its tapered contour and thus holds the permanent magnet 70 at a fixed position between the exciter poles 24, 25.
- a radially inwardly extending tab 84 of the holding element 80 engages behind the tapering contour and thereby holds the permanent magnet 70.
- the base member 82 is a plate-shaped
- Section of the holding member 80 forms, which is directed radially outward and projects in the circumferential direction on both sides over the permanent magnet 70.
- the holding element 80 can be inserted into a respective groove 67, 68 of a poled exciter pole 24 (for example, magnetic north pole) and a counter-poled exciter pole 25 (for example, magnetic south pole).
- 76 preferably have insertion bevels 77, which for facilitated insertion of the holding element 76 between the exciter poles 24, 25 has.
- FIGS. 5a to 5c show a further exemplary embodiment of a permanent magnet 70 held by a holding element 80.
- the permanent magnet 70 at its two end faces 72 each partially a taper, ie in this case that the permanent magnet 70 in its center plane along the line (Vb - Vb) in this case again has a trapezoidal cross-section, so that a partial tapering of the permanent magnet 70 results at the end faces 72.
- the clamping length of the permanent magnet 70 decreases in the direction radially inward from the machine axis 26 of the rotor 20.
- the holding element 80 in turn has two tabs 84, which are each arranged at the opposite end of the holding element 80 and engage in the wedge-shaped recess of the permanent magnet 70.
- each include a tab 84 and the base member 82 a corner of the permanent magnet 70 such that an acute angle between the surface 73 and the taper of the permanent magnet 70 also formed at an acute angle of tab 84 and base member 82 is added.
- the lug 84 is encompassed on both sides by sections 71 of the permanent magnet 70 transversely to the longitudinal axis of the groove. The taper 73 disposed between the two sections 71 engages the tab 84.
- FIGS. 5a to 5c While the recess 87 is wedge-shaped in FIGS. 5a to 5c, the recesses 87 according to FIGS. 6a to 6c and FIGS. 7a to 7c are rectangular.
- the permanent magnet according to FIG. 6a has a rectangular (parallelepipedic) recess at its two end faces 72, which is completely surrounded by permanent-magnetic material at its front-side circumference
- the configuration of the end face 72 of the permanent magnet according to FIG. 7a has recesses 87 which extend radially inside are open.
- these recesses are in principle also cuboid, but in this case so located that a surface of the inscribed hollow cuboid with a superficial plane (end face) of the permanent magnet
- FIG. 8 a shows a further exemplary embodiment of a permanent magnet, in this case having a T-shaped longitudinal sectional profile in its side view.
- the permanent magnet 70 in this case has at its radially outer end an approximately in the axial direction aligned length of l m ] _, at a radially inner recess of the recess is the
- the permanent magnet 70 has a radial height of h m and a maximum width b m in approximately the circumferential direction. It is advantageous if the difference in length l m il m 2 is at least twice as large as the plate thickness 534 of the support member 80, Fig. 8b. It is also advantageous if the tab 84 of the holding member 80 has a width in
- Circumferential direction of 0.25 to 1.0 - b m in other words, a
- Permanent magnet should be one to four times as wide as a width bß4 of the tab 84, see also Figure 8c.
- the permanent magnets 70 consist of sintered material and here preferably of the material combination "rare earth", that is to say of neodymium, iron and boron, Also possible is a material mixture of samarium and cobalt.
- FIG. 9 a partial view of the rotor 20 is shown.
- the two exciter poles 24 and 25 each have a pole groove 67 and 68 extending in the axial direction or pole gap direction in their pole flanks 65.
- a holding element 80 is inserted with the supernatants. From the holding member 80 is on the one axial side of a tab 84, which with their bulge engages in a not shown here recess of the permanent magnet 70.
- FIG. 10 shows a detail of a holder of the permanent magnet 70 with holding element 80, which is made only under projections 69 of the claw poles or exciter poles 24 and 25.
- the holding element 80 thus secures the permanent magnet radially outward only under a projection 69 of the exciter poles 24, 25.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007032135A DE102007032135A1 (de) | 2007-06-30 | 2007-06-30 | Elektrische Maschine |
PCT/EP2008/057842 WO2009003855A1 (de) | 2007-06-30 | 2008-06-20 | Elektrische maschine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2171829A1 true EP2171829A1 (de) | 2010-04-07 |
Family
ID=39789757
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08774162A Withdrawn EP2171829A1 (de) | 2007-06-30 | 2008-06-20 | Elektrische maschine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2171829A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102007032135A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2009003855A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2485368A1 (de) * | 2009-09-30 | 2012-08-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Lundell-drehmaschine |
DE102010064259B4 (de) * | 2010-12-28 | 2014-09-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrische Maschine mit einer Magneteinfassung |
DE102012011444B4 (de) * | 2011-06-17 | 2020-11-05 | Denso Corporation | Läufer und Motor |
DE102011085118A1 (de) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-04-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Halterung für elektrische Maschinen |
JP5641446B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-12-17 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両用回転電機の回転子 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5793144A (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1998-08-11 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Rotor for a rotating electric machine |
US5747913A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1998-05-05 | General Motors Corporation | Rotor for hybrid generator having improved magnet retention |
DE19951115A1 (de) | 1999-10-23 | 2001-05-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektrische Maschine |
JP3882725B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-12 | 2007-02-21 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両用回転電機 |
JP3977319B2 (ja) * | 2003-11-25 | 2007-09-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 回転電機およびその製造方法 |
JP2005204480A (ja) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 回転電機の回転子および回転電機 |
JP4307423B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-10 | 2009-08-05 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 回転電機の回転子およびその組立方法 |
-
2007
- 2007-06-30 DE DE102007032135A patent/DE102007032135A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-06-20 WO PCT/EP2008/057842 patent/WO2009003855A1/de active Application Filing
- 2008-06-20 EP EP08774162A patent/EP2171829A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009003855A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009003855A1 (de) | 2009-01-08 |
DE102007032135A1 (de) | 2009-01-02 |
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