EP2169308A1 - Alimentation en carburant et procédé d'injection du carburant - Google Patents

Alimentation en carburant et procédé d'injection du carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2169308A1
EP2169308A1 EP08017128A EP08017128A EP2169308A1 EP 2169308 A1 EP2169308 A1 EP 2169308A1 EP 08017128 A EP08017128 A EP 08017128A EP 08017128 A EP08017128 A EP 08017128A EP 2169308 A1 EP2169308 A1 EP 2169308A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
supply
synthesis gas
fuel supply
natural gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08017128A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Giacomo Colmegna
Ulrich Wörz
Jaap Dr. Van Kampen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP08017128A priority Critical patent/EP2169308A1/fr
Priority to US13/121,461 priority patent/US8959922B2/en
Priority to JP2011528347A priority patent/JP5312599B2/ja
Priority to EP09783434.5A priority patent/EP2329189B1/fr
Priority to RU2011117317/06A priority patent/RU2506497C2/ru
Priority to PCT/EP2009/062460 priority patent/WO2010034819A1/fr
Priority to CN200980138271.0A priority patent/CN102165258B/zh
Priority to EP13002599.2A priority patent/EP2629011A1/fr
Publication of EP2169308A1 publication Critical patent/EP2169308A1/fr
Priority to JP2012259959A priority patent/JP5487280B2/ja
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00002—Gas turbine combustors adapted for fuels having low heating value [LHV]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel supply, which is designed for supplying high-calorie fuel and syngas, comprising an air supply having an air flow, as well as a synthesis gas supply having a synthesis gas stream, and a high-calorie fuel supply, which has a high-calorie fuel flow, and at least a fuel nozzle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for supplying fuel to a fuel nozzle.
  • synthesis gas can in principle be made from solid, liquid and gaseous educts.
  • synthesis gas can in principle be made from solid, liquid and gaseous educts.
  • coal gasification biomass gasification
  • coke gasification
  • premix combustion is becoming increasingly important also in the combustion of low calorific gases.
  • the combustible constituents of synthesis gas are essentially carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
  • the burner in the gas turbine associated combustion chamber must then be designed as a two- or multi-fuel burner, both with the synthesis gas and with the second fuel, such as natural gas or fuel oil as required can be.
  • the design of a synthesis gas burner with a secondary fuel device is also necessary for safety reasons if the supply of synthesis gas is interrupted (backup fuel).
  • the secondary fuel is natural gas, which is suitable for combustion in a gas turbine due to the high calorific value and which is easy to obtain.
  • the calorific value of the synthesis gas is about five to ten times smaller compared to the calorific value of natural gas.
  • Main constituent in addition to CO and H 2 are inert components such as nitrogen and / or water vapor and possibly also carbon dioxide. Due to the low calorific value consequently high volume flows of fuel gas must be supplied through the burner of the combustion chamber. This has the consequence that one or more separate fuel passages must be made available for the combustion of synthesis gas. Therefore, it is necessary to design conventional burner structurally as a synthesis gas burner.
  • a fuel supply which is designed for supplying high-calorie fuel as well as synthesis gas, comprising an air supply having an air flow, and a syngas feed having a syngas stream and a high calorie fuel supply having a high calorific fuel stream and at least one fuel nozzle separate from the synthesis gas feed wherein the high calorie fuel supply and the synthesis gas supply are substantially coaxial with each other.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that a volume flow for high-calorie fuel requires only a small supply space.
  • the high calorie fuel is supplied to the fuel nozzle such that, when operating with syngas, the air flow is not disturbed, e.g. with lateral injection openings is the case. It is thus also possible to inject the high-calorie fuel flow when operating with high-calorie fuel across the air stream, which corresponds for example to a standard natural gas premix.
  • a synthesis gas premix and a premix for high calorific fuel which in turn has a positive effect on the NOx values.
  • this fuel supply according to the invention it is thus made possible by simple, minor mechanical change to install in a synthesis gas premix burner a natural gas or fuel oil supply, which also causes a premix of natural gas / fuel oil with air during operation and which has only negligible effect on the operation with synthesis gas.
  • a simple and effective solution for the configuration of a high calorific secondary fuel (backup) system in a synthesis gas burner, particularly in a synthesis gas premix burner is thereby achieved.
  • This allows a substantially parallel or coaxial synthesis gas injection into an air stream.
  • this allows a high-calorie Zweitbrunstscherindüsung transverse to the air flow, which only a minimal pressure loss at at the same time gives very good mixing of the secondary fuel with the air flow.
  • the pre-mix with syngas, and thus also low NOx values, are ensured with this arrangement.
  • the design of the synthesis gas burner as a secondary fuel burner has only minimal influence on the synthesis gas operation.
  • the syngas feed annularly surrounds the high calorie fuel feed.
  • the high calorie fuel supply surrounds the syngas feed annularly.
  • the high calorie fuel feed is a tube.
  • the syngas feed is a tube.
  • This pipe is for example made of metal or a metal alloy, which is heat resistant, and allows stretching.
  • the fuel nozzle is preferably flower-shaped with regard to the synthesis gas injection. This ensures that the high volume flows can be injected into the air stream.
  • the synthesis gas is injected coaxially to the air flow.
  • the fuel nozzle has at least one tangential and / or axial and / or radial inlet opening with regard to the feed for high-calorie fuel.
  • the arrangement, the number, and the diameter of the inlet openings can vary. If the feed for high-calorie fuel is within the synthesis gas feed (supply for high-calorie fuel is surrounded in a ring shape by the synthesis gas feed), these are preferably tangential and axial inlet openings, ie bores.
  • synthesis gas feed is annularly surrounded by the high-calorie fuel feed
  • these are preferably radial intake ports, ie, bores. It should be noted that both the inlet openings for high-calorie fuel and the feed itself only require a small diameter, since the volume flow of the high-calorie fuel is substantially lower than that of the synthesis gas. This fact contributes to the supply of high calorific fuel causing little or no disturbance in the air stream during synthesis gas operation.
  • the at least one tangential inlet opening is arranged on the flower web between two petals of the flower-shaped synthesis gas injection.
  • the sealing direction of e.g. Natural gas takes place substantially transversely to the air flow. This corresponds to the preferred blowing direction of a conventional premixed natural gas burner. This ensures a good mixing of the natural gas with the air flow, so that low NOx values can be achieved. These low NOx levels must also be ensured in accordance with the requirements of a synthesis gas burner when operated with high calorific fuel such as natural gas, even though this natural gas is merely a "backup" function.
  • the high calorie fuel supply has an outer and inner wall.
  • the syngas feed itself has no limit, i. Represents wall of natural gas supply. This allows the different thermal expansions of the different components to be compensated. Thus, e.g. Simplify friction by thermal expansion.
  • a gas turbine is designed with such a fuel supply.
  • the method related object is achieved by the disclosure of a method for supplying fuel to a fuel nozzle, comprising a fuel supply, which is designed for supplying high-calorie fuel and syngas, comprising an air supply, which has an air flow, and a syngas feed, which Comprising syngas stream, and a high calorie fuel supply having a high calorie fuel stream and at least one fuel nozzle separate from the synthesis gas feed, wherein the high calorie fuel stream and the syngas stream are fed coaxially to the fuel nozzle.
  • a fuel supply which is designed for supplying high-calorie fuel and syngas, comprising an air supply, which has an air flow, and a syngas feed, which Comprising syngas stream, and a high calorie fuel supply having a high calorie fuel stream and at least one fuel nozzle separate from the synthesis gas feed, wherein the high calorie fuel stream and the syngas stream are fed coaxially to the fuel nozzle.
  • the high-calorie fuel is injected substantially transversely into the air stream. It should be noted that this is a lower volume flow than is the case for example with synthesis gas. Thus, this type of inflow results in good mixing without excessively influencing the air flow.
  • the synthesis gas is injected substantially parallel into the air stream. Due to the high volume flow, this ensures good mixing.
  • the synthesis gas supply and the supply of high-calorie fuel are designed so that a pressure drop of less than 25% dp / p is achieved.
  • the synthesis gas can in principle be made from solid, liquid and gaseous educts.
  • the coal gasification should be mentioned.
  • Coal is converted in a mixture of partial oxidation and gasification with water vapor to a mixture of CO and hydrogen.
  • the use of other solids such as biomass and coke should be mentioned in principle.
  • Different crude oil distillates can be used as the liquid reactants for synthesis gas.
  • the most important gaseous educt is natural gas.
  • Typical secondary fuel systems in which e.g. Natural gas acts as a backup fuel and has additional holes located near the syngas inlet ports. Another possibility is to use part of the synthesis gas inlet openings for natural gas. However, in the case of new injection concepts (premix burners for synthesis gas), this leads to unacceptable temperature profiles in the burner (high deviation between cold and hot streams). If burners or gas turbines are designed primarily for synthesis gas, there is currently no experience or evidence as to how a backup natural gas system is to be integrated into a premix burner, in particular no indications of it if not only the synthesis gas but also the natural gas are premixed should.
  • Fig. 1 now shows a fuel supply 1 according to the invention in synthesis gas operation, which is designed for supplying synthesis gas as well as high calorific fuel, hereinafter referred to as natural gas.
  • This has a synthesis gas supply 2 and a natural gas supply 3. These are coaxial with each other.
  • the natural gas feed 3 is substantially annularly surrounded by the synthesis gas feed 2, that is to say the natural gas feed 3 lies within the synthesis gas feed 2.
  • the synthesis gas feed 2 is substantially surrounded annularly by the air feed 4. This has the advantage that the synthesis gas stream 12 is substantially parallel or coaxial with the Air flow 14 runs, that is injected into these parallel or coaxial. The synthesis gas thus premixed is then supplied to the combustor inlet.
  • the natural gas feed 3 This can be designed as a tube. It is of significant advantage that the natural gas feed 3 is mounted within the synthesis gas feed 2, since thereby the air flow 14 is not subject to any disturbance, for example due to lateral inflow of natural gas. The influence on the synthesis gas stream 12 is negligible with the above arrangement.
  • Fig. 2 shows the fuel supply 1 according to the invention in natural gas operation.
  • the natural gas is supplied by means of a pipe through the synthesis gas supply 2 of the fuel nozzle 11.
  • the natural gas is injected into the air stream 14 and thus premixed.
  • an influx of natural gas across the air stream 14 is possible.
  • this is advantageously just for natural gas, the desired inflow direction.
  • the thus pre-mixed natural gas is then supplied to the combustion chamber inlet.
  • Fig. 3 an enlarged view of the fuel nozzle 11 is shown. Since the synthesis gas inlet openings must ensure a large volume flow, the fuel nozzle 11 is flower-shaped 20 with respect to the synthesis gas. It should be noted that the formation in flower form 20 for the synthesis gas only represents a possibility of injection.
  • the tangential natural gas inlet openings 16 are placed between two petals 18. The point of contact or the line of contact of two petals 18 with each other is referred to below as flower spike 19. This means that the natural gas stream 13 can be injected directly into the air stream 14 without a petal 18 being therebetween. This ensures that the natural gas is injected substantially transversely to the air flow 14.
  • Fig. 3 an enlarged view of the fuel nozzle 11 is shown. Since the synthesis gas inlet openings must ensure a large volume flow, the fuel nozzle 11 is flower-shaped 20 with respect to the synthesis gas. It should be noted that the formation in flower form 20 for the synthesis gas only represents a possibility of injection.
  • the 3 has six tangential natural gas inlet openings 16 and an axial natural gas inlet openings 17. Depending on the burner and gas turbine, the number and the arrangement may vary.
  • the natural gas inlet openings 16, 17 are essentially round, and can be produced by means of bores.
  • the synthesis gas feed 2 and its flower-shaped synthesis gas inlet opening 20 as well as the natural gas supply 3 with the natural gas inlet 16,17 are designed so that a pressure drop below 25 dp / p is achieved with the same heat input in terms of synthesis and natural gas.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows the natural gas supply 3. Since the volume flow of natural gas is much lower than that for synthesis gas, the diameter of the natural gas supply 3 is substantially lower than the syngas feed 2. To convert from syngas to natural gas operation or vice versa, it is only necessary the synthesis gas or natural gas supply 3 to interrupt. This can be achieved without hardware changes.
  • any other high-calorie burner material can be used, for example fuel oil.
  • the flower shape 20 of the synthesis gas inlet port is merely an example, other forms for synthesis gas inlet port are also conceivable.
  • Fig. 5 shows another fuel supply 100 according to the invention in synthesis gas operation.
  • the natural gas feed 300 runs outside the synthesis gas feed 200, that is to say the synthesis gas feed 200 is surrounded by the natural gas feed 300 in an annular manner.
  • the volume of the natural gas stream 130 is typically substantially less than the volume of the synthesis gas stream 120.
  • the effects on the airflow 140 are thus negligible.
  • no disturbances in the synthesis gas operation are caused by this type of arrangement.
  • synthesis gas is passed through the syngas feed 200, and exits at the fuel nozzle 110 for the synthesis gas. This is designed flower-shaped 220.
  • the synthesis gas supply 200 is tapered in the flow direction, that is, at the fuel nozzle 220.
  • Fig. 6 shows the fuel supply 100 according to the invention in natural gas operation.
  • Natural gas is passed through the natural gas feed 300, which is connected in a ring to the synthesis gas feed 200.
  • the natural gas is injected through radial natural gas inlet openings 150 substantially transverse to the air flow 140 and thus premixed. This corresponds to the preferred blowing direction into an airflow 140 in a conventional premixed natural gas burner.
  • the radial inlet openings 150 are arranged in the flow direction at the beginning of the flower-shaped 220 fuel nozzle 110 for the synthesis gas.
  • the number of radial inlet ports 150 may be tuned to the particular burner / gas turbine type.
  • Fig. 7 11 shows an enlarged view of the burner feed 100 and the fuel nozzle 110.
  • the natural gas feed 300 surrounds the synthesis gas feed 200 annularly.
  • This annular environment consists of an outer 240 and inner wall 260.
  • Fig. 8 shows an enlarged view of the flower-shaped 220 injection for the synthesis gas. This is in the flow direction beyond the annular natural gas supply. Thus, it is largely prevented that the additional natural gas supply has an influence on the synthesis gas operation. In order to switch from synthesis gas to natural gas operation or vice versa, it is only necessary to interrupt the synthesis gas 200 or natural gas feed 300. This can be achieved without hardware changes. Due to the very good premix of the airflow Natural gas (similar to the standard natural gas burner) results in low levels of NOx, which must be guaranteed when natural gas is used. Also, the premix with synthesis gas, and thus low NOx values, is ensured with this arrangement.
  • the synthesis gas supply 200 and its flower-shaped 220 synthesis gas inlet opening as well as the natural gas feed 300 with the natural gas inlet opening 150 are designed so that a pressure drop below 25 dp / p is achieved with the same heat input with regard to synthesis gas and natural gas.
  • any other high-calorie burner material can be used, for example fuel oil.
  • the flower shape 220 of the synthesis gas inlet port is merely an example, other forms for synthesis gas inlet port are also conceivable.
  • the fuel feed and method of the invention disclose a simple and effective solution for the configuration of a backup backup system in a synthesis gas burner, particularly in a synthesis gas premix burner.
  • a substantially parallel or coaxial synthesis gas injection into an air stream allow a high-calorie Zweitbrünscherindüsung transverse to the air flow, resulting in only a minimal pressure loss with very good mixing of the second fuel with the air flow.
  • Due to the very good mixing of the air flow with natural gas similar to the standard natural gas burner), low NOx values continue to result, which must be ensured when natural gas is used.
  • the premix with synthesis gas, and thus low NOx values are ensured with this arrangement.
  • the design of the synthesis gas burner as a secondary fuel burner has only minimal influence on the synthesis gas operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP08017128A 2008-09-29 2008-09-29 Alimentation en carburant et procédé d'injection du carburant Withdrawn EP2169308A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08017128A EP2169308A1 (fr) 2008-09-29 2008-09-29 Alimentation en carburant et procédé d'injection du carburant
US13/121,461 US8959922B2 (en) 2008-09-29 2009-09-25 Fuel nozzle with flower shaped nozzle tube
JP2011528347A JP5312599B2 (ja) 2008-09-29 2009-09-25 燃料ノズル
EP09783434.5A EP2329189B1 (fr) 2008-09-29 2009-09-25 Buse à combustible
RU2011117317/06A RU2506497C2 (ru) 2008-09-29 2009-09-25 Топливная форсунка
PCT/EP2009/062460 WO2010034819A1 (fr) 2008-09-29 2009-09-25 Buse à combustible
CN200980138271.0A CN102165258B (zh) 2008-09-29 2009-09-25 燃料喷嘴
EP13002599.2A EP2629011A1 (fr) 2008-09-29 2009-09-25 Buse de combustible
JP2012259959A JP5487280B2 (ja) 2008-09-29 2012-11-28 燃料ノズル

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08017128A EP2169308A1 (fr) 2008-09-29 2008-09-29 Alimentation en carburant et procédé d'injection du carburant

Publications (1)

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EP2169308A1 true EP2169308A1 (fr) 2010-03-31

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EP08017128A Withdrawn EP2169308A1 (fr) 2008-09-29 2008-09-29 Alimentation en carburant et procédé d'injection du carburant

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0580683A1 (fr) * 1991-04-25 1994-02-02 Siemens Ag Bruleur, en particulier pour turbines a gaz, pour la combustion peu polluante du gaz de houille et d'autres combustibles.
WO2006040269A1 (fr) * 2004-10-11 2006-04-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Bruleur destine a la combustion d'un gaz combustible a faible pouvoir calorifique et procede pour faire fonctionner un bruleur
EP1892472A1 (fr) * 2006-08-14 2008-02-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de combustion en particulier pour une turbine à gaz

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0580683A1 (fr) * 1991-04-25 1994-02-02 Siemens Ag Bruleur, en particulier pour turbines a gaz, pour la combustion peu polluante du gaz de houille et d'autres combustibles.
WO2006040269A1 (fr) * 2004-10-11 2006-04-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Bruleur destine a la combustion d'un gaz combustible a faible pouvoir calorifique et procede pour faire fonctionner un bruleur
EP1892472A1 (fr) * 2006-08-14 2008-02-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de combustion en particulier pour une turbine à gaz

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