EP2162961A1 - Dispositif et module de protection contre les éclairs et les surtensions - Google Patents
Dispositif et module de protection contre les éclairs et les surtensionsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2162961A1 EP2162961A1 EP08761287A EP08761287A EP2162961A1 EP 2162961 A1 EP2162961 A1 EP 2162961A1 EP 08761287 A EP08761287 A EP 08761287A EP 08761287 A EP08761287 A EP 08761287A EP 2162961 A1 EP2162961 A1 EP 2162961A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- electrodes
- wall
- module
- devices
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
- H01T4/12—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel hermetically sealed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for protection against lightning and overvoltage with two electrodes, the gas-tightly seal both end faces of a cylinder of insulating material and define a discharge space inside the chamber thus formed, and a module with these devices.
- Such devices are u. a. as lightning and / or overvoltage protection in the main power supply system of structural systems, in which the outer conductors are connected via a respective lightning arrester with the neutral conductor provided.
- a device is also referred to as a spark gap arrangement or arrester arrangement.
- a surge arrester serves to avoid dangers to living beings, plant and equipment damage as well as fires.
- the purpose of lightning and overvoltage protection is to reduce overvoltages to a protection level of 1.5 kV and dissipate strong pulse currents up to 50 kA. In this case, jet flames and pressure waves are to be avoided in order to allow installation in typical installations without taking into account special safety distances and passive fire protection measures.
- the extinguishing capacity and the limitation of the line frequency secondary current must be such that:
- a low dynamic response voltage is required.
- the required value is 1500 V when a ramp voltage of 5 kV / ⁇ s is applied.
- this level of protection and the other characteristics mean that ignition aids must be used.
- One way to improve ignition performance is to introduce a primer, e.g. graphite, which provides primary charge carriers, distorts the electric field, and improves dynamic detonation behavior via a sliding discharge along the ceramic surface of the inner wall of the cylinder.
- the invention is based on the object to provide a device of the type mentioned above, with the required characteristics can be achieved or exceeded.
- the invention solves this problem with the features of the independent claims. Embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
- the device for protection against lightning and overvoltages provides two electrodes which seal both faces of the cylinder made of insulating material, in particular of alumina ceramic, gas-tight and define a discharge space in the interior of the chamber thus formed.
- at least one step is provided in the contact region of at least one of the electrodes and the cylinder such that the chamber extends beyond the inner wall of the cylinder.
- the electrodes are preferably made of copper or copper alloys.
- the chamber is the entire gas-filled interior that results after soldering or closing the cylinder to the electrodes.
- the discharge space is basically the chamber area, but a high-energy discharge to protect against lightning and overvoltages in a discharge gap, which is formed between each other with a small distance facing electrode surfaces, in particular in the central region of the device.
- the area of contact of the area of the end face of the cylinder is referred to, on which in principle the cylinder can be connected or soldered to the electrode.
- the contact region thus extends at least over the thickness of the inner wall of the cylinder.
- the insulation distance to the respective electrode extends at least by the length and height of the gradation. As a result, even with repeated shock and Continuous current loads achieved a high level of insulation of the device or the arrester during the entire life.
- the gradation is arranged in the front-side inner wall of the cylinder.
- the gradation is arranged in at least one of the electrodes.
- Ignition aids in particular, such as graphite ignition strips, which are applied to the inner wall of the cylinder and extend in one embodiment to the front-side inner wall of the cylinder, improve the ignition behavior and the load capacity of the device or the arrester.
- the ignition aid improves the dynamic ignition behavior of the arrester, in particular by providing primary charge carriers, distorting the electric field and improving a sliding discharge along the surface of the ceramic cylinder.
- ignition aids that the electrodes are pasted with an activating compound which likewise improves the ignition behavior.
- the ignition properties of the device can be further improved if the ignition aids on the inner wall of the cylinder extend to the step in the front-side inner wall of the cylinder.
- the distance between the end of the ignition strips to the metallic electrodes (residual insulation) set and keep so low that the function of the ignition fuse is optimized.
- the ignition aids are widened in the transition region from the inner wall to the front-side inner wall of the cylinder. Further variations of the igniter geometry are designed to further enhance the dynamic detonation behavior of the arrester.
- the ignition strips thus formed are distributed at intervals of 45 ° over the inner circumference of the cylinder.
- the device is designed to be stackable for stacking a plurality of similar devices. As a result, it is easy to build modules with multiple devices that are individually interchangeable and can have different threshold voltages.
- At least one of the electrodes has both a cup-shaped region and a bead-like region, which extend in the longitudinal axis direction of the device in each case on both sides of the plane of the contact surface of the cylinder and the electrode. This allows a particularly efficient stacking, because the middle electrode of two arresters must be present only once, but is available as an electrode for both arresters.
- the arrester is formed so that the electrodes are mirrored at the transverse axis of the device. This allows efficient stacking with small dimensions of the module thus formed.
- the characteristics of a module of series-connected arresters can be optimized if a varistor is connected in parallel to at least part of the devices connected in series. If necessary, several varistors can be connected in parallel to combinations of arresters.
- a plurality of arresters with different response voltages are connected in series.
- a series connection of several arresters of different characteristics in one module allows the mastering of the required DC response voltage, the An Anlagenmonyriad and the power-frequency follow current.
- An additional wiring of several elements of the series connection with a varistor arranged in parallel favors the behavior under load with the required DC response voltage and the An videriad.
- the high arc voltage of the individual conductors limits the mains frequency follow current.
- a module comprises a holding device with two electrically conductive holders arranged on both sides of the module, which are connected by spacer insulators and clamp the module.
- FIG. 1a shows an arrester with a graduation in the cylinder of insulating material
- FIG. 1b shows an arrester with a graduation in each of the two electrodes
- Figure Ic shows an insulating cylinder with a
- FIG. 1 d shows the cylinder according to FIG. 1 c in a perspective view
- FIG. 2 shows a first module with a series connection of stacked arresters
- FIG. 3 shows a second module with a series connection of stacked arresters
- FIG. 4a-c shows equivalent circuit diagrams of modules
- FIG. 5 shows a third module with a varistor in a clamping holder.
- An arrester according to FIG. 1a contains a housing which is formed from a cylinder 1 of insulating material, eg a ceramic of Al 2 O 3, and two electrodes 2, 3, in particular with advantageous flow properties and high thermal conductivity, eg of copper.
- the electrodes are in particular symmetrical.
- Inside the chamber 7 formed by the housing is the discharge space.
- grading 4 in the ceramic a sufficiently high level of insulation of the arrester over its entire lifetime is ensured even with repeated shock and residual current loads.
- the gradation lengthens the wall-side insulation gap between the electrodes.
- a housing comprising a cylinder 11 of insulating material, eg a ceramic of Al 2 O 3 , and two electrodes 21, 31, in particular with advantageous flow properties and high thermal conductivity, eg of copper, forms as another exemplary embodiment of an arrester is.
- the electrodes are in particular symmetrical. Inside the chamber 71 formed by the housing is the discharge space.
- a gradation 41 in the electrodes ensures a sufficiently high level of insulation of the arrester over its entire life, even with repeated shock and residual current loads. The gradation lengthens the wall-side insulation gap between the electrodes.
- an arrester has an outside diameter D of e.g. 30 mm and a height H of e.g. 3 mm or 4 mm.
- Stage 4 in the ceramic or 41 in the electrodes prevents a continuous vapor deposition layer in the case of an arc discharge in the arrester and thus insulation problems of the arrester, which can lead to a reduced or unusable function.
- the ignition behavior and the load capacity of the arrester can be further optimized.
- each arrester For the function of the device or the Zündstriches each arrester the distance of the Zündstrichs to the metallic electrodes of the arrester is important.
- a shaping is preferred the Zündstrichs into the stage in the ceramic advantageous because it improves the connection of the ignition strips. The way from the ignition end to the electrodes can be optimized thereby.
- Figure Ic shows the ignition strips 52 on the inner wall of the cylinder and the gradation 4 in detail and in perspective, Figure Id.
- the ignition strips are widened.
- Other igniter geometries are of course provided.
- a metallization 6 is applied to a portion of the end face of the cylinder for the VerInstitutlötung with one of the electrodes.
- FIG. 1 a or FIG. 1 b preferably several of the arresters configured according to FIG. 1 a or FIG. 1 b are connected in series and form a module.
- FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 further exemplary embodiments according to FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 are provided, in which the insulating ceramics 12, 14, 16 and 18 opposite the electrodes 22, 32 or the electrodes 23 a, 23 b opposite the insulating ceramics 13, 15 and 17 graded.
- at least one of the electrodes has both a cup-shaped region 25, 35 or 27, 28 and a bead-shaped region 24, 34 and 26, respectively in the longitudinal axis direction of the device on both sides of the plane of the contact surface of the cylinder and the electrode extend. This allows a particularly efficient stacking because the middle electrode 25 or 28 of two arresters must be present only once, but is available as an electrode to both associated arresters.
- the arresters are designed so that the electrodes are mirrored on the transverse axis of the device. This allows efficient stacking with small dimensions of the module thus formed.
- a plurality of devices or arresters are connected in series. It is particularly space-saving when two devices connected in series have a central common electrode, which is formed as one of the two electrodes of each of the two devices.
- the overall arrangement according to FIG. 4 consists of a series connection of individual arresters FS200 and FS600 with the same (FS200) or different properties, eg with operating DC voltages of 200V or 600V.
- An external wiring of different sections is advantageous. This wiring is preferably carried out with varistors Vl, V2, V3. However, it can also be realized in another way with the aim of achieving a rapid increase in potential at one or more individual conductors under dynamic load.
- FIG. 4b shows the same arrester arrangement as FIG.
- FIG. 4a shows the same arrester arrangement as Figure 4a, but with a varistor V2 with 420V, which is connected in parallel to the six arresters FS200.
- FIG. 5 The series connection of individual arresters FS200 and FS600, which is preferably realized by clamping in an electrically conductive, tong-like holder 61, 62, 63, taking into account the mountability in standardized rail systems, is shown in FIG. 5.
- the holders 61 and 63 are insulated from one another by spacers.
- Parallel to the arresters FS 200, a varistor V is connected.
- the clamping allows easy adaptation of the electrical properties to the application, by individual arresters can be varied or replaced and an external wiring of different sections can be made.
- This wiring is preferably carried out with varistors, but can also be realized in another way with the aim to achieve a rapid increase in potential at one or more Einzelableiter under dynamic load.
Landscapes
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007029093 | 2007-06-21 | ||
PCT/EP2008/057914 WO2008155424A1 (fr) | 2007-06-21 | 2008-06-20 | Dispositif et module de protection contre les éclairs et les surtensions |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2162961A1 true EP2162961A1 (fr) | 2010-03-17 |
EP2162961B1 EP2162961B1 (fr) | 2012-03-21 |
Family
ID=39731674
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08761287A Active EP2162961B1 (fr) | 2007-06-21 | 2008-06-20 | Dispositif et module de protection contre les éclairs et les surtensions |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8080927B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2162961B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5200100B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20100040860A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101779349B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE550816T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102008029094A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2008155424A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SG173139A1 (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2011-08-29 | Otkrytoe Aktsionernoe Obschestvo Npo Streamer | Lighting arrester and a power transmission line provided with such an arrester |
DE102009006545B4 (de) | 2009-01-29 | 2017-08-17 | Epcos Ag | Überspannungsableiter und Anordnung von mehreren Überspannungsableitern zu einem Array |
WO2014130838A1 (fr) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-28 | Bourns, Inc. | Dispositifs et procédés relatifs à des tubes à décharge gazeuse plats |
SI24350A (sl) | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-30 | ISKRA ZAŠčITE d.o.o. | Ploščati plinski odvodnik |
DE102013109393A1 (de) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-05 | Epcos Ag | Überspannungsableiter |
DE102014102065B4 (de) * | 2014-02-18 | 2017-08-17 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Zündelement zur Verwendung bei einem Überspannungsschutzelement, Überspannungsschutzelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zündelements |
DE102015110135A1 (de) | 2015-06-24 | 2016-12-29 | Epcos Ag | Überspannungsableiter mit verbessertem Isolationswiderstand |
DE102015114846A1 (de) | 2015-09-04 | 2017-03-09 | Epcos Ag | Funkenstreckenanordnung |
DE102016101728A1 (de) | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-03 | Epcos Ag | Ableiter zum Schutz vor Überspannungen |
DE102016105541A1 (de) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-28 | Epcos Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ableiters und Ableiter |
UA124286C2 (uk) * | 2017-05-05 | 2021-08-18 | Акціонєрноє Общєство "Нпо "Стрімєр" | Розрядник з напірними камерами |
DE102017115030A1 (de) | 2017-07-05 | 2019-01-10 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Ableiter zum Schutz vor Überspannungen |
DE102017115035A1 (de) * | 2017-07-05 | 2019-01-10 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Ableiter |
CN110571208A (zh) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 | 一种抗雷击保护电路、保护装置及保护装置的制作方法 |
DE102019134337A1 (de) | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-17 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Vorrichtung zur Ableitung von Überspannungen und deren Verwendung |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR990361A (fr) * | 1948-07-06 | 1951-09-20 | Oerlikon Maschf | Dispositif de dérivation de surtension |
FR1105065A (fr) * | 1953-11-24 | 1955-11-28 | Siemens Ag | Fusible de surtension |
CH345061A (de) * | 1955-07-23 | 1960-03-15 | Siemens Ag | Löschfunkenstrecke |
US3376458A (en) * | 1965-11-22 | 1968-04-02 | Gen Electric | Spark gap device |
JPS4948092B1 (fr) * | 1970-06-09 | 1974-12-19 | ||
GB1389142A (en) * | 1973-05-31 | 1975-04-03 | Comtelco Uk Ltd | Electrical surge arrestor |
DE2445063B2 (de) * | 1974-09-20 | 1977-09-29 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Ueberspannungsableiter mit einem gasgefuellten entladungsgefaess |
JPS5216648A (en) * | 1975-07-30 | 1977-02-08 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Dc protection device |
US4104693A (en) * | 1976-03-23 | 1978-08-01 | Reliable Electric Company | Gas filled surge arrester |
JPH0216550Y2 (fr) * | 1984-11-27 | 1990-05-08 | ||
US5557250A (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1996-09-17 | Raychem Corporation | Telecommunications terminal block |
DE4236538A1 (de) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-04-28 | Siemens Ag | Gekapselte Funkenstrecke |
US5724220A (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1998-03-03 | Tii Industries, Inc. | Coaxial transmission line surge arrestor with fusible link |
RU2137275C1 (ru) * | 1994-12-08 | 1999-09-10 | Тии Индастриз, Инк. | Разрядник для коаксиальной линии передачи |
EP0893863A1 (fr) * | 1997-07-21 | 1999-01-27 | Harris Corporation | Tube à décharge à gas muni d'un boítier d'oxyde de métal |
DE19814631A1 (de) * | 1998-03-26 | 1999-09-30 | Siemens Ag | Gasgefüllte Entladungsstrecke |
DE29810937U1 (de) * | 1998-06-18 | 1999-11-04 | OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG, 58710 Menden | Funkenstrecke |
DE50300047D1 (de) * | 2002-04-11 | 2004-09-16 | Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg | Funkenstrecke |
JP4299244B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-19 | 2009-07-22 | エプコス アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | 過電圧の防止のための保護素子及びその適用 |
DE102004005129B4 (de) * | 2004-02-02 | 2018-09-27 | Snaptrack, Inc. | Bauelement mit empfindlichen Bauelementstrukturen und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
JP2006024423A (ja) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-26 | Okaya Electric Ind Co Ltd | 放電管 |
-
2008
- 2008-06-20 EP EP08761287A patent/EP2162961B1/fr active Active
- 2008-06-20 DE DE102008029094A patent/DE102008029094A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-06-20 AT AT08761287T patent/ATE550816T1/de active
- 2008-06-20 JP JP2010512710A patent/JP5200100B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-20 WO PCT/EP2008/057914 patent/WO2008155424A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2008-06-20 CN CN200880103508.7A patent/CN101779349B/zh active Active
- 2008-06-20 KR KR1020107001376A patent/KR20100040860A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2009
- 2009-12-21 US US12/643,155 patent/US8080927B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2008155424A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101779349A (zh) | 2010-07-14 |
US20100156264A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
WO2008155424A1 (fr) | 2008-12-24 |
CN101779349B (zh) | 2013-05-29 |
EP2162961B1 (fr) | 2012-03-21 |
DE102008029094A1 (de) | 2009-01-02 |
KR20100040860A (ko) | 2010-04-21 |
JP2010532069A (ja) | 2010-09-30 |
US8080927B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 |
ATE550816T1 (de) | 2012-04-15 |
JP5200100B2 (ja) | 2013-05-15 |
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