EP2159411B1 - Rotateur de type piston - Google Patents

Rotateur de type piston Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2159411B1
EP2159411B1 EP08015251A EP08015251A EP2159411B1 EP 2159411 B1 EP2159411 B1 EP 2159411B1 EP 08015251 A EP08015251 A EP 08015251A EP 08015251 A EP08015251 A EP 08015251A EP 2159411 B1 EP2159411 B1 EP 2159411B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotator
hydraulic
cylinder assembly
piston
pistons
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08015251A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2159411A1 (fr
Inventor
Vilis Darznieks
Andris Martinsons
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BALTROTORS SIA
Original Assignee
BALTROTORS SIA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BALTROTORS SIA filed Critical BALTROTORS SIA
Priority to EP08015251A priority Critical patent/EP2159411B1/fr
Priority to AT08015251T priority patent/ATE513125T1/de
Publication of EP2159411A1 publication Critical patent/EP2159411A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2159411B1 publication Critical patent/EP2159411B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/06—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C3/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith and intended primarily for transmitting lifting forces to loose materials; Grabs
    • B66C3/005—Grab supports, e.g. articulations; Oscillation dampers; Orientation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3677—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like allowing movement, e.g. rotation or translation, of the tool around or along another axis as the movement implied by the boom or arms, e.g. for tilting buckets
    • E02F3/3681—Rotators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/06—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F03C1/061—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F03C1/0613—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of hydraulic devices, more specifically, to hydraulic rotators used in hydraulic cranes for actuation and rotation of working appliances, such as clamps, grab buckets, including multi-bucket grapples, excavator buckets, etc.
  • Rotators of prior art including different models manufactured by BALTROTORS, SIA, LV, and INDEXATOR, AB, SE, contain guided-vane hydraulic motors as rotation gears.
  • rotator of prior art of company INDEXATOR, AB is known from International patent application No. WO 03/082725, 2003 , whereby a rotator assembly of which contains a vane-type hydraulic motor with springloaded vanes that interact with the contoured inner surface of the stator.
  • An inherent drawback of the rotator of the prior art is a lack of rigid stopping moment during the rotation process, a feature crucial at construction works. In the event of load unbalance at the inclined or horizontal position of rotor axle, a spontaneous swing movement of the load becomes possible, which is unacceptable in building and construction technology.
  • the rotators of prior art are also well-known BLACK BRUIN brand radial piston-type rotators made by Sampo Hydraulics Oy, FI. Information about the prototype is available at web site: http://www.sampo-hydraulics.com.
  • This type of rotator of prior art is mostly used in timber industry, and due to its specific design features the rotator is integrated with the suspension, therefore its connection to another suspension is impossible.
  • a circular cross-section large-diameter piston is used as the key element of the radial piston-type hydraulic motor. Large-diameter piston is necessary to achieve the torque required, but it results in the rotator's increased size.
  • invention relates to a hydraulic equipment comprising: multiple cylinder bores and multiple pairs of relatively movable pistons, one pair reciprocable in each cylinder bore; a rotatable cylinder block in which the cylinder bores are formed, means to rotate the cylinder block, a pair of normally stationary cams and springs operative to bias the pistons toward the cams, a piston of each pair alternately covering and uncovering an inlet port and the other piston of each pair alternately covering and uncovering an outlet port.
  • the other axial-piston type hydraulic equipment of prior art is known from description to patent US 4086845 of May 2, 1978 .
  • the equipment is designed to be operated as a motor and includes a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores on the same circumference thereof and a plurality of plunger assemblies each disposed within the cylinder bore.
  • the plunger assembly has a pair of plungers oppositely disposed within a cylinder bore so as to define a chamber there between and slidably movable within the cylinder bore.
  • a pair of cams are disposed in contact with opposite plungers with the cylinder block disposed there between.
  • the cams each have a cam surface for imparting a plurality of reciprocatory movements in one cycle to the opposite plunger.
  • the cam surfaces are formed to have a sine curves each having a two crests and a different stroke.
  • the two cam plates are being continually subjected to reaction forces due to the ball pistons and have a movable construction, errors easily develop in the positions of the cam plates. This has been difficult problem in this type of fluid device. For this reason, it is desirable that the cam plates have a fixed construction.
  • a piston-type rotator including an axial piston hydraulic motor and a block with axial openings for pistons, connecting elements enabling mounting the rotator to a crane and to working appliances, a hydraulic system for actuation of working appliances and distribution of fluid within the rotator, wherein the hydraulic motor producing rotary motion and torque, contains a cylinder assembly with axial cylindrical openings that are provided with two pistons and springs between said pistons and are positioned in each of the said cylindrical openings so that the pistons can move in opposite from each other direction under the force of hydraulic pressure and actuate by means of their working surfaces a turntable.
  • the turntable is adapted to support a derrick on a crane. It is rotatably mounted in an annular support, fixed to an annular base which is adapted to be fixed in its turn to the frame of the crane. According to this type of prior art construction instead of cylinder block rotating, the cam plates and valve members rotate driving the said turntable. As mentioned in patent description of prior art an object of the above design was to improve a hydraulic fluid energy translating device mounted directly to rotate a turret in a movable crane or the like without the necessity of employing any gearing between the hydraulic device and the rotatable turret.
  • Drawback of the rotator of the prior art is such that because of the described design heavy duty bearings are placed in annular support to take up axial and radial loads at relatively long diametric distance one from another; and also a necessity for making bearing races in parts of rotator itself inevitably arises. Furthermore it is difficult to make the hydraulic motor smaller in size because of delivery of fluid under pressure to and from conduits. Design of rotator with special bearing unit made by using the parts of rotator itself is giving rise to certain engineering difficulties concerned with strict requirements to precision of production and thermal treatment resulting in increase of production costs without guarantee of long-term and safe operation in conditions of heavy loads. Disposition of bearings at relatively long diametric distance one from another negatively affects the operation of cylinder unit when there is applied bending moment. It has an adverse effect on the serviceable life and performance of these hydraulic motors. Occurrence of indications of wear of bearing race will require mandatory replacement of all costly parts when the wearing of some part happens.
  • the object of the current invention is to develop a technologically improved embodiment of rotator with higher torque, minimised dimensions, and more reliable in operation.
  • a piston-type hydraulic rotator comprising an outer casing; an axial piston hydraulic motor for producing rotary motion and torque including a cylinder assembly and an assembly of block with axial cylindrical openings for pistons, wherein two pistons and springs between said pistons positioned in each of the said cylindrical openings enabling the pistons to move in opposite from each other direction under the force of hydraulic pressure and to interact by means of their working surfaces with connecting elements enabling mounting the rotator to a crane and to working appliances; a hydraulic system enabling actuation of hydraulic motor and working appliances by means for distribution of hydraulic fluid within the rotator; wherein the means for distribution of hydraulic fluid within the rotator are realized as a distribution valve located in the central aperture of the assembly of block for connection with pressure source, hydraulic motor and working appliances via fluid channels; the outer casing is provided with an upper and bottom covers and spacer between them, held together by bolts so that the distribution valve is fixed to the bottom cover enabling its rotary motion relatively to cylinder assembly by means of the inside spheroid working surfaces
  • the connecting crane are formed as an axle with a flange attached to the block of hydraulic motor by means of bolts and pins; wherein the rotator is provided with bored hydraulic channels for supply or correspondingly drainage of the distribution valve and cylinders of block and with bored hydraulic channels that lead from distribution valve to the cylinders in the cylinder assembly for supply or drainage the hydraulic motor; one of bolts is provided with a through axial hole for fluid outflow from the casing; whereas the rotator is provided with bored channels connectable to an external source of pressure applicable to the working appliances and to the system of fluid distribution within the rotator.
  • the axial bearings are mounted on both sides between the said cylinder assembly and the upper and bottom covers of casing so that they are capable of taking up axial loads from the said covers, and the spacer is provided with pressed-in sliding bearing enabling rotation of casing relatively to the cylinder assembly and to take up radial loads.
  • a flanged axle is attached to the cylinder assembly provided with hydraulic channels connected to an external pressure source for applying pressure to the working appliances and to the system of fluid distribution within the rotator, whereas the flanged surface of the axle is performed as an assembly point for attachment components of the rotator and the crane.
  • Fig. 1 is shown the longitudinal section of the rotator and Fig. 2 - its cross section.
  • the piston-type rotator includes the following major components: outer casing 1; cylinder assembly 2; flanged axle 3.
  • Outer casing 1 in its turn comprises: upper cover 4; bottom cover 5; spacer 6, held together by bolts 7.
  • the internal walls of the upper 4 and bottom covers 5 have spheroid figurative surfaces conforming to the shape of cylinder assembly 2.
  • the cylinder assembly 2 comprises an assembly of block 8 with milled cylindrical openings-cylinders, wherein in each of the cylindrical opening two pistons 9 and springs 11 between them are inserted so that the pistons 9 can move in opposite from each other direction under the force of hydraulic pressure and actuate by means of their working surface the unit revolving the outer casing 1 interconnected with working appliances (not shown).
  • the balls 10 are placed into the ball socket on the piston 9 surfaces opposite to the spring 11.
  • axial bearings 14 are mounted to take up axial loads from the upper and bottom covers 4, 5 whereas the spacer 6 contains pressed-in sliding bearing 15, enabling the rotation of outer casing 1 relatively to the cylinder assembly 2 and taking up radial loads.
  • the distribution valve 16 is located in the central aperture of the cylinder assembly block 8 with a minimum gap clearance that enables thermal expansion of heat generated by the hydraulic fluid.
  • Distribution valve 16 is fixed to the bottom cover 5 with a pin 17 and rotates along with the cover during normal operation.
  • the static component, connecting rotator with the crane's arm (not shown) is a flanged axle 3, attached to the cylinder assembly block 8 with axial load-bearing screws 12, and with torque-responsive pins 13.
  • One of bolts 12 has a through axial hole, connecting the inner space of casing 1 with channel 5', which serves as a drainage for outflow from the casing.
  • Flanged axle 3 also has hydraulic channels 1'; 2' bored through it, via which supply of hydraulic fluid is directed to distribution valve 16 and either pressure supply or drainage is carried out depending on the direction of movement; likewise, in assembly block 8, hydraulic channels 1" and 2" that lead from the distribution valve to the cylinders in the cylinder assembly, are provided for the same purpose.
  • hydraulic channels 3' and 4' have been provided in the flanged axle 3 and they subsequently lead on to channels 3" and 4" formed by bushings 18 and 19, inserted accordingly into the central apertures of bottom cover 5, distribution valve 16 and into that of casing of block 8.
  • Seals 20 and 21 isolate the discharge ducts from the drain channels. At the end of the system there are outlets 3'" and 4'" to which hydraulic system of the working appliances is connected.
  • the piston-type rotator operates as follows. Pressure is directed to the distribution valve 16 via channel 1', then via channels in compliance with the distribution valve's certain configuration, on to the cylinders in cylinder assembly 2. In this particular case, those are channels 1" ( Fig. 2 ). Once the pressure reaches the cylinder, pistons 9 start moving in opposite directions and actuating the balls 10, inserted into each of them, the contoured surfaces of the upper and bottom covers 4, 5, and as a consequence of the resulting tangential force, torque is generated, causing the rotation of outer casing 1 ( Fig. 1 ).
  • the technical features of the invented rotator are characterized by that there are two pistons operating concurrently, the resulting torque is twice that generated by a single piston.
  • the hydraulic fluid from the cylinders operating in drain mode travels via hydraulic channels 2" ( Fig. 2 ) to the distribution valve 16 and then on via channels 2" ( Fig. 2 ) to be drained ( Fig.1 ).
  • the suggested rotator offers improved performance in terms of a two-fold increase in torque output while having smaller dimensions than a double-row axial piston rotator.
  • the suggested hydraulic piston rotator can be used in hydraulic cranes for actuating and rotating attachments of various pieces of machinery, whereas all of its constituent parts can be produced by industrial methods of prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Rotateur hydraulique de type piston comprenant : un carter externe (1) ; un moteur hydraulique à pistons axiaux destiné à produire un mouvement de rotation et un couple, comprenant un ensemble vérin statique (2) et un ensemble bloc (8) avec des ouvertures cylindriques axiales pour des pistons (9), deux pistons (9) et ressorts (11) entre lesdits pistons étant positionnés dans chacune desdites ouvertures cylindriques de façon à permettre aux pistons (9) de se déplacer dans des sens opposés l'un à l'autre sous la force de la pression hydraulique et d'interagir, au moyen de surfaces de travail sphéroïdes intérieures, avec des éléments de liaison permettant le montage du rotateur hydraulique de type piston sur une grue et sur des appareils de travail ; un système hydraulique permettant l'actionnement du moteur hydraulique et des appareils de travail par des moyens de distribution de fluide hydraulique à l'intérieur dudit rotateur hydraulique de type piston ;
    caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens de distribution de fluide hydraulique à l'intérieur du rotateur hydraulique de type piston sont réalisés sous la forme d'une soupape de distribution (16) disposée dans une ouverture centrale de l'ensemble bloc (8) pour une liaison à une source de pression hydraulique, un moteur hydraulique et des appareils de travail par l'intermédiaire de canaux de fluide ;
    le carter externe (1) comporte un couvercle supérieur (4) et un couvercle inférieur (5) et un élément d'espacement (6) entre ceux-ci, maintenus ensemble par des boulons (7), de telle sorte que ladite soupape de distribution (16) est fixée au couvercle inférieur (5) de façon à permettre sa rotation par rapport à l'ensemble vérin statique (2) au moyen des surfaces de travail sphéroïdes intérieures des couvercles supérieur et inférieur (4, 5) dudit carter (1) qui sont aptes à interagir avec des surfaces se conformant à une forme dudit ensemble vérin statique (2).
  2. Rotateur de type piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de liaison pour le montage du rotateur à une grue se présente sous la forme d'un axe (3) avec une bride fixée au bloc (8) du moteur hydraulique au moyen de boulons (12) et de tiges (13) ; le rotateur comportant des canaux hydrauliques percés (1', 2') pour l'alimentation ou la vidange correspondante de la soupape de distribution (16) et des vérins de bloc (8) ; et des canaux hydrauliques percés (1", 2") qui mènent de la soupape de distribution (16) aux vérins dans l'ensemble vérin (2) pour l'alimentation ou la vidange du moteur hydraulique ; l'un des boulons (12) comportant un trou axial traversant pour un écoulement sortant de fluide à partir du carter (1) ; tandis que le rotateur comporte des canaux (3', 4') aptes à être reliés à une source externe de pression appliquée aux appareils de travail et au système de distribution de fluide à l'intérieur du rotateur ; la surface bridée de l'axe (3) étant apte à constituer un point d'assemblage pour la liaison d'appareils de travail et du rotateur à la grue.
  3. Rotateur de type piston selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que des paliers de butée (14) sont placés sur deux côtés entre ledit ensemble vérin (2) et le couvercle supérieur (4) et le couvercle inférieur (5) du carter (1), de telle sorte qu'ils sont capables de reprendre les charges axiales dirigées vers le haut et dirigées vers le bas, et qu'un palier lisse correspondant (15) est enfoncé dans un diamètre interne dudit élément d'espacement (6) de façon à permettre la rotation du carter (1) par rapport à l'ensemble vérin (2) et à reprendre les charges radiales.
EP08015251A 2008-08-29 2008-08-29 Rotateur de type piston Not-in-force EP2159411B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08015251A EP2159411B1 (fr) 2008-08-29 2008-08-29 Rotateur de type piston
AT08015251T ATE513125T1 (de) 2008-08-29 2008-08-29 Kolbendrehmaschine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08015251A EP2159411B1 (fr) 2008-08-29 2008-08-29 Rotateur de type piston

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2159411A1 EP2159411A1 (fr) 2010-03-03
EP2159411B1 true EP2159411B1 (fr) 2011-06-15

Family

ID=40351875

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08015251A Not-in-force EP2159411B1 (fr) 2008-08-29 2008-08-29 Rotateur de type piston

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2159411B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE513125T1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010027895A1 (de) * 2010-04-17 2011-10-20 Holp Gmbh Drehvorrichtung für ein Anbaugerät an einer Arbeitsmaschine
SE537562C2 (sv) * 2011-03-26 2015-06-16 Indexator Rotator Sys Ab Anordning vid en rotator
WO2015155627A1 (fr) * 2014-04-10 2015-10-15 Ala Officine S.P.A. Distributeur de fluide rotatif à trajectoires multiples
DE102015011255A1 (de) 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Gunther Neumann Hydraulikmotor zum Drehen von Bagger-Arbeitsgeräten o.dgl.
FI127285B (fi) 2016-05-25 2018-03-15 Ponsse Oyj Pyörityslaitteen rakenne sekä vastaava pyörityslaite ja metsäkone
CN112196751A (zh) * 2020-10-07 2021-01-08 黄洪刚 一种柱塞泵

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2617360A (en) 1945-05-10 1952-11-11 Virgil D Barker Fluid displacement device
US2712794A (en) * 1949-06-15 1955-07-12 Marion W Humphreys Fluid motor or pump
US3435774A (en) 1966-12-01 1969-04-01 Benton Harbor Eng Works Inc Hydraulic pump or motor
JPS51106203A (en) 1975-03-14 1976-09-21 Kinzo Takagi Ryutaihonpu oyobi moota
DE2838346C2 (de) * 1978-09-02 1985-02-14 Fa. Heinz Thumm, 7012 Fellbach Drehvorrichtung für einen Baggergreifer o.dgl.
ATE183793T1 (de) 1995-02-18 1999-09-15 Thumm Heinz Oelhydraulik Drehvorrichtung für baggergreifer
SE525043C2 (sv) 2002-04-02 2004-11-16 Indexator Ab Anordning vid en rotator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2159411A1 (fr) 2010-03-03
ATE513125T1 (de) 2011-07-15

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