EP2158350B1 - Method for the treatment of laundry, and washing machine suitable for this purpose - Google Patents
Method for the treatment of laundry, and washing machine suitable for this purpose Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2158350B1 EP2158350B1 EP08760070.6A EP08760070A EP2158350B1 EP 2158350 B1 EP2158350 B1 EP 2158350B1 EP 08760070 A EP08760070 A EP 08760070A EP 2158350 B1 EP2158350 B1 EP 2158350B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- laundry
- lye
- washing
- amount
- washing machine
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 101150114468 TUB1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010936 aqueous wash Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00
- D06F39/04—Heating arrangements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
- D06F2103/02—Characteristics of laundry or load
- D06F2103/04—Quantity, e.g. weight or variation of weight
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
- D06F2105/56—Remaining operation time; Remaining operational cycles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F33/00—Control of operations performed in washing machines or washer-dryers
- D06F33/30—Control of washing machines characterised by the purpose or target of the control
- D06F33/32—Control of operational steps, e.g. optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending on the condition of the laundry
- D06F33/36—Control of operational steps, e.g. optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending on the condition of the laundry of washing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
- D06F34/14—Arrangements for detecting or measuring specific parameters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00
- D06F39/40—Steam generating arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the treatment of laundry items in a washing machine and a particularly suitable for carrying out this method washing machine.
- the laundry items to be washed are treated with an amount of water sufficient to saturate the laundry items with water and an additional minimum free liquor, generally 2 to 3 liters, which allows mass transfer between bound and free liquors. This can be done in particular a transfer of heat between the heating, which heats the free fleet, and the laundry items.
- the adjustment of the amount of water is ensured in each case by suitable methods for controlling the water level in the drum and the adjustment of the amount of the absorbency of the laundry items.
- the free liquor results after deduction of the amount of water bound in the laundry from the amount of water filled into the washing machine.
- Cotton fabric binds about 200% of its own weight, so that a load of 6 kg of cotton fabric binds about 12 l of water.
- both the washing-active substances for washing and the dissolved dirt are removed from the laundry during heating by the constant change from bound to free liquor and vice versa. Since many soiling on or in items of laundry are only solvable at a higher temperature, both free and bound liquor must be heated during the heating.
- the energy consumption of a washing machine is essentially determined by the energy required for the heating of the water. A reduction in the amount of water in a washing machine would therefore be desirable, in particular a reduction in the amount of free liquor.
- a reduction in the amount of water in a washing machine would therefore be desirable, in particular a reduction in the amount of free liquor.
- a conventional washing machine must be ensured by the free fleet of heat transfer from the heater into the laundry. Any reduction in the free fleet and thus a reduction in energy consumption are thus difficult to achieve.
- a method with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is made WO 2006/101362 A known.
- An object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for treating laundry in a washing machine, in which energy and / or water can be saved over known methods.
- step c) is performed only after completion of step b).
- the temperature T w of the water in step c) is preferably at most 30 ° C.
- the direct heating of the laundry containing the wash liquor is preferably carried out with hot foam, hot air, water vapor and / or electromagnetic radiation obtained using the heating device (s).
- the heating device for direct heating of a load containing the wash liquor may be attached in different places in the washing machine according to the invention.
- the heating device is arranged in the tub and in particular in the drum.
- the hot foam is preferably produced by rotating the drum at a speed U 1 which is less than an application speed U A of the laundry, turning on the heater and heating the foam ,
- the application speed U A of the laundry is the rotational speed of the drum at which the items of laundry can be applied to an inner wall of the drum, for example a speed in the range of 300 to 500 revolutions per minute.
- the temperature gradient is adjustable via the heater output and the foam density. Since primarily the surface of the laundry is heated, it is advantageous if the laundry is turned intensively. This can advantageously be done by reversing the operation of the drum at a speed of 30 to 100 revolutions per minute.
- the heating in step b) by means of electromagnetic radiation is preferably effected by using a microwave heating and / or an infrared radiator ("IR radiator").
- the heating of the wetted laundry with hot air has the advantage that a temperature gradient is adjustable, whereby heat losses can be reduced.
- a heater known from a tumble dryer can be used to generate hot air.
- the use of hot air is therefore particularly advantageous in a combination device that combines the function of a washing machine with that of a tumble dryer.
- the drum in step b) is preferably reversely operated for a period of 10 to 30 minutes at a speed of 30 to 100 revolutions per minute, more preferably 40 to 70 revolutions per minute.
- a good redistribution of the items of laundry is achieved, so that the heating of the wetted items of laundry, which generally takes place on their surface, can take place as evenly as possible due to the improved accessibility of the surface.
- step c) in step b) substantially only loosened dirt still remaining in the laundry items can be rinsed out.
- step c With the end of step c), the actual washing process is generally completed.
- the laundry items can then be rinsed and spun as in a conventional washing program.
- the laundry items contain at most the amount of water required for the saturation of the laundry items with wash liquor.
- the ratio of the amount (a2) to the amount (a3) is in the range of 0.5 to 0.9.
- the ratio of the amount (a2) to the amount (a3) is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 0.7.
- an amount of water (a2) of 10 liters for example, 8 liters using steam could be used.
- the saturation amount (a3) of water is about twice a loading amount (a1).
- the saturation amount (a3) may be significantly lower.
- the values for the saturation amount (a3) are known per se, so that the amount of water (a2) can be specified in a wash program.
- the loading quantity (a1) can be determined by a measure known per se.
- a first sensor is used to determine the amount of liquid or foam in the tub, the sensor signal of which can be tracked during the process.
- a hydrostatic pressure p measured with the aid of the first sensor can be compared with the filled amount of water or wash liquor.
- the laundry located in the drum absorbs water or washing liquor, which can therefore not contribute to an increase in the hydrostatic pressure.
- the amount of laundry (loading quantity (a1)) and its degree of moisture penetration (degree of wetting) can be determined.
- the duration of wetting in step a) can be matched very precisely to the predetermined amount of laundry.
- the monitoring of a temperature in the drum is advantageous.
- a second sensor for determining the temperature in the drum is preferably arranged in the washing machine.
- the amount of water or wash liquor to be used in the process according to the invention can additionally be reduced by rotating the drum at high speed during steps a) and / or b). In this case, if necessary, the water / wash liquor contained in the laundry items is thrown off and a reduction in the amount of water or wash liquor required for saturation is achieved.
- the invention also relates to a washing machine with a program control for controlling a program flow, a rotatably mounted in a tub drum, a bottom of the tub arranged Laugenablaufsystem, and a drive motor for the drum, the washing machine additionally a heater for direct heating of a wash liquor containing loading amount (a1) with laundry.
- the heating device is in a first preferred embodiment, a device for generating steam or hot air.
- the heating device is a microwave heater and / or an IR radiator.
- a first sensor for determining a quantity of a liquid present in the tub and possibly foam, wherein the sensor signal can be preferably tracked during the process.
- a second sensor for determining a temperature in the drum is arranged.
- the invention has the advantage that compared to conventional methods, a significantly lower amount of water or wash liquor is heated. This amount corresponds essentially to the amount necessary for saturating the laundry items, which can still be reduced by appropriate rapid rotation of the drum during heating. As a result, a significant saving of water and energy is possible.
- FIG. 1 Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the parts relevant to the following description of an embodiment of a washing machine in which a method as described above can be performed. Other embodiments are conceivable.
- the washing machine of the FIG. 1 embodiment shown has a tub 1, in which a drum 2 rotatably mounted and operated by a drive motor 14.
- the axis of rotation 3 of the drum 2 is directed from the horizontal by a small angle (for example, 13 °) forward and upwards, so that one has easier access and insight into the interior of the drum 2.
- Wäschemit choir 4 allow redistribution of the laundry items 7 during rotation of the drum 2.
- scooping devices 5 allow intensive rinsing of the cleaned laundry items 7 with water. 6
- a heater 16 outside of tub 1 and drum 2.
- the in FIG. 1 shown heater 16 may provide hot air or steam in particular.
- a foam optionally used in step b) of the process described above and produced by rotating the drum 2 with the laundry items 7 can be heated via a heating device 13 arranged at the bottom of the liquor container 1.
- the wash liquor is partially thrown off the laundry 7 and so intensively mixed with air, whereby foam is formed.
- the rotating drum 2 in the wash liquor which is below the drum 2 in the tub 1, enter air and thus cause foam.
- the formation of foam can be assisted by adding a corresponding detergent to the wash liquor.
- the washing machine of Fig. 1 also has a liquor inlet system 8, 9, 10, which comprises a water connection fitting for the domestic water network 8, an electrically controllable valve 9 and a supply line 10 to the tub 1, which may optionally also be guided via a Waschstoffein Kunststoff Anlagen Maschinene ("Ein Hamptonschale”) 11 from which can transport the feed water there presented detergent in the tub 1.
- the valve 9 as well as the heater 13 may be controlled by a controller (“program control”) 12 in response to a program flowchart that is responsive to a timing program and / or to the achievement of certain measurements of Parameters such as speed of the drum 2 may be bound within the washing machine.
- a lye drain system 18 with any necessary lines and drain valve and drain pump is, as is known, the sake of clarity only shown schematically as an arrow.
- a first sensor 15 for the measurement of the hydrostatic pressure p is provided in the tub 1.
- a second sensor 17 for determining a temperature in the drum 2 is arranged.
- the second sensor 17 may also be located in a space between the tub 1 and the drum 2.
- step a) of the above-described method for treating the laundry water is introduced in an amount sufficient to fill a space between the tub 1 and the drum 2 at a lower end of the drum with water and can wet the laundry 7.
- This wash liquor is gradually absorbed by the laundry items 7 until they are wetted to saturation. More wash or water does not have to be added.
- the heating of the laundry items 7 with the washing liquor bound therein is carried out directly and without mediation by an unbound residue of washing liquor.
- This contamination in the laundry items 7 are initially solved, but not completely washed out. This is done only in a subsequent step by additionally added, not or at least not very highly heated water, which no longer has to contribute to solving the contaminants, but only to their rinsing from the laundry 7.
- a comparatively low temperature of at most 40 is sufficient ° C, possibly even at most 30 ° C.
- the required heating energy is therefore very low, since heating energy must be expended primarily only for the bound in the laundry items 7 liquor to be treated.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
- Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
- Accessory Of Washing/Drying Machine, Commercial Washing/Drying Machine, Other Washing/Drying Machine (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Behandlung von Wäschestücken in einer Waschmaschine sowie eine zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens besonders geeignete Waschmaschine.The invention relates to a method for the treatment of laundry items in a washing machine and a particularly suitable for carrying out this method washing machine.
Bei bekannten Waschverfahren werden die zu waschenden Wäschestücke mit einer Menge an Wasser behandelt, die zur Sättigung der Wäschestücke mit Wasser ausreicht, sowie einer zusätzlichen minimalen freien Flotte, im Allgemeinen 2 bis 3 Liter, die einen Stoffaustausch zwischen gebundener und freier Flotte ermöglicht. Dadurch kann insbesondere ein Transfer von Wärme zwischen der Heizung, die die freie Flotte erwärmt, und den Wäschestücken erfolgen. Die Einstellung der Menge an Wasser wird im Einzelfall durch geeignete Verfahren zur Regelung des Wasserstands in der Trommel und der Anpassung der Menge an das Saugvermögen der Wäschestücke sichergestellt. Die freie Flotte ergibt sich nach Abzug der in den Wäschestücken gebundenen Wassermenge von der in die Waschmaschine eingefüllten Wassermenge. Baumwollgewebe bindet etwa 200 % seines Eigengewichts, so dass eine Beladungsmenge von 6 kg Baumwollgewebe ungefähr 12 I Wasser bindet.In known washing processes, the laundry items to be washed are treated with an amount of water sufficient to saturate the laundry items with water and an additional minimum free liquor, generally 2 to 3 liters, which allows mass transfer between bound and free liquors. This can be done in particular a transfer of heat between the heating, which heats the free fleet, and the laundry items. The adjustment of the amount of water is ensured in each case by suitable methods for controlling the water level in the drum and the adjustment of the amount of the absorbency of the laundry items. The free liquor results after deduction of the amount of water bound in the laundry from the amount of water filled into the washing machine. Cotton fabric binds about 200% of its own weight, so that a load of 6 kg of cotton fabric binds about 12 l of water.
Bei diesen Verfahren werden während des Aufheizens durch den ständigen Wechsel von gebundener zu freier Flotte und umgekehrt sowohl die waschaktiven Substanzen zum Wäschestück als auch der gelöste Schmutz vom Wäschestück abtransportiert. Da viele Verschmutzungen an oder in Wäschestücken nur bei höherer Temperatur lösbar sind, müssen während des Aufheizens sowohl freie als auch gebundene Flotte erwärmt werden.In these processes, both the washing-active substances for washing and the dissolved dirt are removed from the laundry during heating by the constant change from bound to free liquor and vice versa. Since many soiling on or in items of laundry are only solvable at a higher temperature, both free and bound liquor must be heated during the heating.
Der Energieverbrauch einer Waschmaschine wird wesentlich durch die für die Erwärmung des Wassers benötigte Energie bestimmt. Eine Verringerung der Menge an Wasser in einer Waschmaschine wäre daher wünschenswert, insbesondere eine Verringerung der Menge an freier Flotte. Jedoch muss bei einer herkömmlichen Waschmaschine durch die freie Flotte der Wärmetransport von der Heizung in die Wäschestücke gewährleistet werden. Eine beliebige Reduzierung der freien Flotte und damit eine Verringerung des Energieverbrauches sind somit nur schwer zu erreichen.The energy consumption of a washing machine is essentially determined by the energy required for the heating of the water. A reduction in the amount of water in a washing machine would therefore be desirable, in particular a reduction in the amount of free liquor. However, in a conventional washing machine must be ensured by the free fleet of heat transfer from the heater into the laundry. Any reduction in the free fleet and thus a reduction in energy consumption are thus difficult to achieve.
Bekannte Maßnahmen zur Verringerung der freien Flotte in einer Trommelwaschmaschine sind die Reduzierung eines Spalts zwischen der Trommel und dem Laugenbehälter oder eine externe Erwärmung der Flotte in einem Durchlauferhitzer. Allen bekannten Maßnahmen gemeinsam ist jedoch die Notwendigkeit, zur Erwärmung einen zusätzlichen, wenn auch reduzierten Anteil an freier Flotte zu benötigen.Known measures for reducing the free liquor in a drum washing machine are the reduction of a gap between the drum and the tub or an external heating of the liquor in a water heater. Common to all known measures, however, is the need to require an additional, albeit reduced, proportion of free liquor for heating.
Ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 ist aus
Eine Aufgabe ist es außerdem, eine für die Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geeignete Waschmaschine aufzuzeigen.It is also an object to provide a washing machine suitable for carrying out this method.
Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Aufgaben durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 und durch eine Waschmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 11 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den jeweils abhängigen Patentansprüchen aufgeführt. Außerdem entsprechen bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen des Verfahrens bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Waschmaschine und umgekehrt, auch wenn darauf hierin nicht im Einzelnen hingewiesen wird.According to the invention, these objects are achieved by a method having the features of patent claim 1 and by a washing machine having the features of
Die Erfindung betrifft somit ein Verfahren zur Behandlung von Wäschestücken mit einer wässrigen Waschlauge in einer Waschmaschine mit einem am Boden eines Laugenbehälters angeordneten Laugenablaufsystem, einer drehbar gelagerten Trommel und einer Heizvorrichtung zur direkten Erwärmung einer die Waschlauge enthaltenden Beladungsmenge der Wäschestücke, wobei das Verfahren die Schritte
- a) Zugabe der Waschlauge zu der Beladungsmenge (a1) einer Menge (a2) kleiner oder gleich einer Menge (a3), die zur Sättigung der Wäsche mit Wasser erforderlich ist ("Sättigungsmenge"), und Benetzen der Wäschestücke;
- b) direkte Erwärmung der benetzten Wäschestücke durch die Heizvorrichtung; und
- c) Zugabe von Wasser mit einer Temperatur Tw von höchstens 40 °C zum Ausspülen der Waschlauge aus den Wäschestücken
- a) adding the wash liquor to the loading amount (a1) of an amount (a2) equal to or less than an amount (a3) required to saturate the laundry with water ("saturation amount"), and wetting the laundry items;
- b) direct heating of the wetted laundry items by the heating device; and
- c) adding water at a temperature T w of at most 40 ° C for rinsing the wash liquor from the laundry
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform dieses Verfahrens wird Schritt c) erst nach Beendigung von Schritt b) durchgeführt.In a preferred embodiment of this method, step c) is performed only after completion of step b).
Die Temperatur Tw des Wassers in Schritt c) beträgt vorzugsweise höchstens 30 °C.The temperature T w of the water in step c) is preferably at most 30 ° C.
Bevorzugt erfolgt die direkte Erwärmung der die Waschlauge enthaltenden Wäschestücke mit heißem Schaum, Heißluft, Wasserdampf und/oder elektromagnetischer Strahlung, der/die unter Verwendung der Heizvorrichtung erhalten wurde(n).The direct heating of the laundry containing the wash liquor is preferably carried out with hot foam, hot air, water vapor and / or electromagnetic radiation obtained using the heating device (s).
Die Heizvorrichtung zur direkten Erhitzung einer die Waschlauge enthaltenden Beladungsmenge kann in der erfindungsgemäßen Waschmaschine an verschiedenen Stellen angebracht sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Heizvorrichtung in dem Laugenbehälter und insbesondere in der Trommel angeordnet.The heating device for direct heating of a load containing the wash liquor may be attached in different places in the washing machine according to the invention. Preferably, the heating device is arranged in the tub and in particular in the drum.
Im Falle der Erwärmung der benetzten Wäschestücke mit heißem Schaum anschließend an Schritt a) wird der heiße Schaum vorzugsweise durch Rotieren der Trommel mit einer Drehzahl U1, die kleiner als eine Anlegedrehzahl UA der Wäschestücke ist, erzeugt, die Heizeinrichtung eingeschaltet und der Schaum erhitzt. Die Anlegedrehzahl UA der Wäsche ist die Drehzahl der Trommel, bei der sich die Wäschestücke an eine Innenwand der Trommel anlegen können, beispielsweise eine Drehzahl im Bereich von 300 bis 500 Umdrehungen pro Minute.In the case of heating the wet pieces of hot-foam laundry subsequent to step a), the hot foam is preferably produced by rotating the drum at a speed U 1 which is less than an application speed U A of the laundry, turning on the heater and heating the foam , The application speed U A of the laundry is the rotational speed of the drum at which the items of laundry can be applied to an inner wall of the drum, for example a speed in the range of 300 to 500 revolutions per minute.
Bei der Erwärmung mit heißem Schaum kann eine direkte Erwärmung der Wäschestücke bewirkt werden. Der Temperaturgradient ist über die Leistung der Heizvorrichtung sowie die Schaumdichte einstellbar. Da in erster Linie die Oberfläche der Wäschestücke erwärmt wird, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Wäsche intensiv gewendet wird. Dies kann vorteilhaft durch reversierendes Betreiben der Trommel bei einer Drehzahl von 30 bis 100 Umdrehungen pro Minute geschehen.When heating with hot foam direct heating of the laundry items can be effected. The temperature gradient is adjustable via the heater output and the foam density. Since primarily the surface of the laundry is heated, it is advantageous if the laundry is turned intensively. This can advantageously be done by reversing the operation of the drum at a speed of 30 to 100 revolutions per minute.
Die Erwärmung im Schritt b) mittels elektromagnetischer Strahlung wird vorzugsweise durch Verwendung einer Mikrowellenheizung und/oder eines Infrarot-Strahlers ("IR-Strahlers") bewirkt.The heating in step b) by means of electromagnetic radiation is preferably effected by using a microwave heating and / or an infrared radiator ("IR radiator").
Bei der Erwärmung mit Mikrowellen ist eine direkte Erwärmung der in den Wäschestücken gebundenen Waschlauge (Tensidlösung) ebenfalls möglich. Der Temperaturgradient ist hierbei über die Mikrowellenleistung einstellbar. Bei der Verwendung einer Mikrowellenheizung ist darauf zu achten, dass es zu keinen Kurzschlüssen aufgrund von ggf. in den Wäschestücken vorhandenen metallischen Teilen kommt. Außerdem sind bestimmte Kunstfasern ggf. bei einer Erwärmung mit Mikrowellen nicht stabil. So könnte es beispielsweise bei Nähten aus Polyester zu einer Schädigung von Wäschestücken kommen.When heating with microwaves, direct heating of the wash liquor bound in the laundry items (surfactant solution) is likewise possible. The temperature gradient is adjustable via the microwave power. When using a microwave heating, make sure that there are no short circuits due to metal parts that may be present in the laundry items. In addition, certain synthetic fibers may not be stable when heated with microwaves. For example, seams made of polyester could cause damage to items of laundry.
Bei der Erwärmung mit einem IR-Strahler ist eine direkte Erwärmung der Wäschestücke ebenfalls möglich. Der Temperaturgradient ist über die Leistung des IR-Strahlers einstellbar. Da insbesondere die Oberfläche der Textilstücke erwärmt wird, ist hierbei eine intensive Umverteilung der Wäschestücke durch reversierendes Betreiben der Trommel von Vorteil.When heating with an IR emitter direct heating of the laundry is also possible. The temperature gradient is adjustable via the power of the IR emitter. Since in particular the surface of the textile pieces is heated, in this case an intensive redistribution of the laundry items by reversing operation of the drum is advantageous.
Die Erwärmung der benetzten Wäschestücke mit Heißluft hat den Vorteil, dass ein Temperaturgefälle einstellbar ist, wodurch Wärmeverluste verringert werden können.The heating of the wetted laundry with hot air has the advantage that a temperature gradient is adjustable, whereby heat losses can be reduced.
Zur Erzeugung von Heißluft kann prinzipiell eine aus einem Wäschetrockner bekannte Heizung verwendet werden. Die Verwendung von Heißluft ist daher besonders vorteilhaft bei einem Kombinationsgerät, das die Funktion einer Waschmaschine mit der eines Wäschetrockners vereint.In principle, a heater known from a tumble dryer can be used to generate hot air. The use of hot air is therefore particularly advantageous in a combination device that combines the function of a washing machine with that of a tumble dryer.
Bei der Erwärmung mit Heißdampf kann die Luft bei der angewandten Temperatur mit Wasserdampf gesättigt (Sattdampf) oder ungesättigt sein. Der Vorteil der Verwendung von Heißdampf besteht in einem verbesserten Wärmeübergang zwischen einer Heizung und Wasser.When heated with superheated steam, the air at the temperature used saturated with saturated steam (saturated steam) or unsaturated. The advantage of using superheated steam is improved heat transfer between a heater and water.
Im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird die Trommel im Schritt b) vorzugsweise während eines Zeitraums von 10 bis 30 Minuten bei einer Drehzahl von 30 bis 100 Umdrehungen pro Minute, besonders bevorzugt 40 bis 70 Umdrehungen pro Minute reversierend betrieben. Hierdurch wird insbesondere eine gute Umverteilung der Wäschestücke erzielt, so dass die Erwärmung der benetzten Wäschestücke, die im Allgemeinen an deren Oberfläche stattfindet, aufgrund der verbesserten Zugänglichkeit der Oberfläche möglichst gleichmäßig erfolgen kann.In the process according to the invention, the drum in step b) is preferably reversely operated for a period of 10 to 30 minutes at a speed of 30 to 100 revolutions per minute, more preferably 40 to 70 revolutions per minute. In this way, in particular, a good redistribution of the items of laundry is achieved, so that the heating of the wetted items of laundry, which generally takes place on their surface, can take place as evenly as possible due to the improved accessibility of the surface.
Im Schritt c) kann der im Schritt b) im Wesentlichen nur angelöste, noch in den Wäschestücken verbliebene Schmutz ausgespült werden.In step c), in step b) substantially only loosened dirt still remaining in the laundry items can be rinsed out.
Mit Ablauf von Schritt c) ist im Allgemeinen der eigentliche Waschvorgang beendet. Im weiteren Programmablauf können die Wäschestücke dann wie in einem herkömmlichen Waschprogramm gespült und geschleudert werden.With the end of step c), the actual washing process is generally completed. In the further program sequence, the laundry items can then be rinsed and spun as in a conventional washing program.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren enthalten die Wäschestücke der Beladungsmenge höchstens die für die Sättigung der Wäschestücke mit Waschlauge erforderliche Menge an Wasser.In the method according to the invention, the laundry items contain at most the amount of water required for the saturation of the laundry items with wash liquor.
Vorzugsweise liegt das Verhältnis der Menge (a2) zur Menge (a3) im Bereich von 0,5 bis 0,9. Bei Verwendung von heißem Dampf im Schritt b) liegt das Verhältnis der Menge (a2) zur Menge (a3) vorzugsweise im Bereich von 0,5 bis 0,7.Preferably, the ratio of the amount (a2) to the amount (a3) is in the range of 0.5 to 0.9. When using hot steam in step b), the ratio of the amount (a2) to the amount (a3) is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 0.7.
Beispielsweise könnte bei einer Beladungsmenge (a1) von 6 kg mit Wäsche aus Baumwollgewebe eine Wassermenge (a2) von 10 Liter (beispielsweise 8 Liter bei Verwendung von Wasserdampf) eingesetzt werden.For example, with a loading amount (a1) of 6 kg with cotton fabric laundry, an amount of water (a2) of 10 liters (for example, 8 liters using steam) could be used.
Bei Baumwollgewebe beträgt die Sättigungsmenge (a3) an Wasser ungefähr das Doppelte einer Beladungsmenge (a1). Bei Kunstfasern, welche Wasser in geringerem Umfang absorbieren, kann die Sättigungsmenge (a3) deutlich geringer sein. Die Werte für die Sättigungsmenge (a3) sind an sich bekannt, so dass die Wassermenge (a2) in einem Waschprogramm vorgegeben werden kann.For cotton fabric, the saturation amount (a3) of water is about twice a loading amount (a1). For synthetic fibers, which absorb water to a lesser extent, the saturation amount (a3) may be significantly lower. The values for the saturation amount (a3) are known per se, so that the amount of water (a2) can be specified in a wash program.
Hierbei kann die Beladungsmenge (a1) ggf. durch eine an sich bekannte Maßnahme ermittelt werden. Vorteilhaft wird daher im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein erster Sensor zur Bestimmung der Menge einer im Laugenbehälter befindlichen Flüssigkeit oder eines Schaums verwendet, dessen Sensorsignal während des Verfahrens verfolgt werden kann.If necessary, the loading quantity (a1) can be determined by a measure known per se. Advantageously, therefore, in the method according to the invention, a first sensor is used to determine the amount of liquid or foam in the tub, the sensor signal of which can be tracked during the process.
Zur Bestimmung der Beladungsmenge (a1) kann beispielsweise im Verfahrensschritt a) ein mit Hilfe des ersten Sensors gemessener hydrostatischer Druck p mit der eingefüllten Menge an Wasser oder Waschlauge verglichen werden. Die in der Trommel befindliche Wäsche saugt Wasser oder Waschlauge auf, das bzw. die daher nicht zu einer Erhöhung des hydrostatischen Drucks beitragen kann. Durch den Vergleich des gemessenen hydrostatischen Drucks p und/oder des zeitlichen Gradienten des hydrostatischen Druckes p mit entsprechenden in einer Programmsteuerung einer Waschmaschine gespeicherten Werten für die Durchfeuchtung von Wäsche lässt sich der Wäscheposten (Beladungsmenge (a1)) und sein Durchfeuchtungsgrad (Benetzungsgrad) ermitteln. Im Ergebnis kann die Dauer einer Benetzung in Schritt a) sehr genau auf den vorgegebenen Wäscheposten abgestimmt werden. Damit wird im Allgemeinen einem Programm eine für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ausreichende Benetzung des Wäschepostens signalisiert, so dass Schritt a) beendet ist und Schritt b) begonnen werden kann.In order to determine the loading amount (a1), for example, in method step a), a hydrostatic pressure p measured with the aid of the first sensor can be compared with the filled amount of water or wash liquor. The laundry located in the drum absorbs water or washing liquor, which can therefore not contribute to an increase in the hydrostatic pressure. By comparing the measured hydrostatic pressure p and / or the temporal gradient of the hydrostatic pressure p with corresponding values stored in a program control of a washing machine for the moistening of laundry, the amount of laundry (loading quantity (a1)) and its degree of moisture penetration (degree of wetting) can be determined. As a result, the duration of wetting in step a) can be matched very precisely to the predetermined amount of laundry. Thus, in general, a program for the inventive method sufficient wetting of the laundry cost is signaled to a program, so that step a) is completed and step b) can be started.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist die Überwachung einer Temperatur in der Trommel vorteilhaft. Hierzu ist vorzugsweise in der Waschmaschine ein zweiter Sensor zur Bestimmung der Temperatur in der Trommel angeordnet.In the method according to the invention, the monitoring of a temperature in the drum is advantageous. For this purpose, a second sensor for determining the temperature in the drum is preferably arranged in the washing machine.
Die Menge an im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren einzusetzendem Wasser bzw. Waschlauge kann zusätzlich dadurch verringert werden, dass während der Schritte a) und/oder b) die Trommel mit einer hohen Drehzahl gedreht wird. Hierbei wird ggf. in den Wäschestücken enthaltendes Wasser/Waschlauge abgeschleudert und eine Verringerung der zur Sättigung erforderlichen Menge an Wasser bzw. Waschlauge erreicht.The amount of water or wash liquor to be used in the process according to the invention can additionally be reduced by rotating the drum at high speed during steps a) and / or b). In this case, if necessary, the water / wash liquor contained in the laundry items is thrown off and a reduction in the amount of water or wash liquor required for saturation is achieved.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist außerdem eine Waschmaschine mit einer Programmsteuerung zur Steuerung eines Programmablaufs, einer in einem Laugenbehälter drehbar gelagerten Trommel, einem am Boden des Laugenbehälters angeordneten Laugenablaufsystem, und einem Antriebsmotor für die Trommel, wobei die Waschmaschine zusätzlich eine Heizvorrichtung zur direkten Erhitzung einer die Waschlauge enthaltenden Beladungsmenge (a1) mit Wäschestücken aufweist.The invention also relates to a washing machine with a program control for controlling a program flow, a rotatably mounted in a tub drum, a bottom of the tub arranged Laugenablaufsystem, and a drive motor for the drum, the washing machine additionally a heater for direct heating of a wash liquor containing loading amount (a1) with laundry.
Bei der Heizvorrichtung handelt es sich in einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform um eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Wasserdampf oder Heißluft. In einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform handelt es sich bei der Heizvorrichtung um ein Mikrowellenheizgerät und/oder einen IR-Strahler.The heating device is in a first preferred embodiment, a device for generating steam or hot air. In a second preferred embodiment, the heating device is a microwave heater and / or an IR radiator.
Vorzugsweise befindet sich in der erfindungsgemäßen Waschmaschine ein erster Sensor zur Bestimmung einer Menge einer im Laugenbehälter befindlichen Flüssigkeit und ggf. Schaum, wobei das Sensorsignal während des Verfahrens vorzugsweise verfolgt werden kann.Preferably, in the washing machine according to the invention a first sensor for determining a quantity of a liquid present in the tub and possibly foam, wherein the sensor signal can be preferably tracked during the process.
Es ist überdies bevorzugt, wenn in der erfindungsgemäßen Waschmaschine ein zweiter Sensor zur Bestimmung einer Temperatur in der Trommel angeordnet.It is furthermore preferred if, in the washing machine according to the invention, a second sensor for determining a temperature in the drum is arranged.
Die Erfindung hat den Vorteil, dass gegenüber herkömmlichen Verfahren eine deutlich geringere Menge an Wasser bzw. Waschlauge erwärmt wird. Diese Menge entspricht im Wesentlichen der zur Sättigung der Wäschestücke notwendigen Menge, welche durch geeignete schnelle Drehung der Trommel während des Erwärmens noch reduziert werden kann. Hierdurch ist eine deutliche Einsparung von Wasser und Energie möglich.The invention has the advantage that compared to conventional methods, a significantly lower amount of water or wash liquor is heated. This amount corresponds essentially to the amount necessary for saturating the laundry items, which can still be reduced by appropriate rapid rotation of the drum during heating. As a result, a significant saving of water and energy is possible.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der
Die Waschmaschine der in
Bei der in
Alternativ kann ein in Schritt b) des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens ggf. eingesetzter und durch Drehen der Trommel 2 mit den Wäschestücken 7 erzeugter Schaum über eine am Boden des Laugenbehälters 1 angeordnete Heizvorrichtung 13 erhitzt werden. Beim Drehen der Trommel wird die Waschlauge teilweise aus den Wäschestücken 7 abgeschleudert und derart intensiv mit Luft durchmischt, wobei Schaum entsteht. Auch kann die sich drehende Trommel 2 in Waschlauge, die unterhalb der Trommel 2 im Laugenbehälter 1 steht, Luft eintragen und somit Schaum hervorrufen. Die Bildung von Schaum kann durch Beigabe eines entsprechenden Waschmittels zur Waschlauge unterstützt werden.Alternatively, a foam optionally used in step b) of the process described above and produced by rotating the
Die Waschmaschine der
Ein Laugenablaufsystem 18 mit allfällig nötigen Leitungen sowie Ablaufventil und Laugenpumpe ist, da an sich bekannt, der Übersicht halber nur schematisch als Pfeil dargestellt.A
Ein erster Sensor 15 für die Messung des hydrostatischen Druckes p ist im Laugenbehälter 1 vorgesehen. Es ist zudem ein zweiter Sensor 17 zur Bestimmung einer Temperatur in der Trommel 2 angeordnet. Der zweite Sensor 17 kann sich allerdings auch in einem Zwischenraum zwischen dem Laugenbehälter 1 und der Trommel 2 befinden.A
In der hier gezeigten Ausführungsform wird im Schritt a) des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens zum Behandeln der Wäschestücke 7 Wasser in einer Menge eingeführt, die ausreicht, dass ein Raum zwischen dem Laugenbehälter 1 und der Trommel 2 an einem unteren Ende der Trommel mit Wasser gefüllt ist und die Wäschestücke 7 benetzen kann. Diese Waschlauge wird nach und nach von den Wäschestücken 7 aufgenommen, bis diese bis zu ihrer Sättigung benetzt sind. Mehr Waschlauge oder Wasser muss nicht zugegeben werden. Das Beheizen der Wäschestücke 7 mit der darin gebundenen Waschlauge erfolgt direkt und ohne Vermittlung durch einen nicht gebundenen Rest von Waschlauge. Dabei werden Verschmutzungen in den Wäschestücken 7 zunächst gelöst, aber noch nicht vollständig ausgeschwemmt. Dies erfolgt erst in einem nachfolgenden Schritt durch zusätzlich zugegebenes, nicht oder jedenfalls nicht sehr hoch erwärmtes Wasser, welches nicht mehr zum Lösen der Verschmutzungen beitragen muss, sondern nur noch zu ihrem Ausspülen aus den Wäschestücken 7. Dazu genügt eine vergleichsweise geringe Temperatur von höchstens 40°C, womöglich sogar nur höchstens 30°C. Die erforderliche Heizenergie ist also sehr gering, da Heizenergie in erster Linie nur für die in den zu behandelnden Wäschestücken 7 gebundene Flotte aufgewendet werden muss.In the embodiment shown here, in step a) of the above-described method for treating the laundry 7, water is introduced in an amount sufficient to fill a space between the tub 1 and the
Claims (12)
- Method for the treatment of laundry (7) having an aqueous washing lye in a washing machine comprising a lye discharge system (18) disposed on the base of a lye container (1), a rotationally mounted drum (2) and a heating device (13, 16) for the direct heating of a load (a1) of laundry (7) containing the washing lye, comprising the following steps:a) Adding the washing lye to the load (a1) and wetting the laundry (7);b) Direct heating of the wetted laundry (7) by means of the heating device (13, 16); andc) Adding water at a temperature Tw of not more than 40°C for rinsing the washing lye from the laundry (7),characterised in that
in step a) washing lye is added in an amount (a2) smaller or equal to an amount (a3) required for saturation of the laundry (7) with water , i.e. the saturation amount, and in step b) the direct heating of the laundry (7) containing the washing lye takes place using hot foam, hot air, and/or electromagnetic radiation which has/have been achieved by using the heating device (13, 16), and without the agency of a non-bound remainder of washing lye. - Method according to claim 1, characterised in that step c) is not carried out until completion of step b).
- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the temperature Tw of the water in step c) is not more than 30°C.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the wetted laundry (7) is heated with hot foam, following step a) the hot foam is generated by rotating the drum at a speed U1 which is less than the contact speed UA of the laundry, the heating device (13, 16) is switched on and the foam is heated.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the heating in step b) is effected by using electromagnetic radiation by means of a microwave heater (16) or an IR radiator (16).
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the drum (2) is operated in step b) in a reversing mode at a speed of 30 to 100 r.p.m. for a time period of 10 to 30 minutes.
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a ratio of the amount (a2) to the amount (a3) is between 0.5 and 0.9.
- Washing machine with a program controller (12) for controlling the program, a drum (2) rotatably mounted in a lye container (1), a lye discharge system (18) arranged on the base of the lye container (1) and a drive motor (14) for the drum (2), wherein the washing machine has a heating device (13, 16) for the direct heating of a load (a1) of laundry (7) containing the washing lye, and is configured to perform a method comprising the following steps:a) Adding the washing lye to the load (a1) and wetting the laundry (7);b) Direct heating of the wetted laundry (7) by means of the heating device (13, 16); andc) Adding water at a temperature Tw of not more than 40°C for rinsing the washing lye from the laundry (7),characterised in that
the washing machine is configured
in step a) to add washing lye in an amount (a2) smaller or equal to an amount (a3) required for saturation of the laundry (7) with water , i.e. the saturation amount, and in step b) to bring about the direct heating of the laundry (7) containing the washing lye using hot foam, hot air, and/or electromagnetic radiation which has/have been achieved by using the heating device (13, 16), and without the agency of a non-bound remainder of washing lye. - Washing machine according to claim 8, characterised in that the heating device (13, 16) is a device (16) for generating hot air.
- Washing machine according to claim 8, characterised in that the heating device (13, 16) is a microwave heating device (16) and/or an IR radiator (16).
- Washing machine according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the heating device (13, 16) is arranged in the lye container (1).
- Washing machine according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterised in that a second sensor (17) for determining a temperature is arranged in the drum (2).
Priority Applications (1)
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PL08760070T PL2158350T3 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2008-05-27 | Method for the treatment of laundry, and washing machine suitable for this purpose |
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DE102007028212.7A DE102007028212B4 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-06-20 | Process for treating items of laundry and washing machine suitable for this purpose |
PCT/EP2008/056472 WO2008155196A2 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2008-05-27 | Method for the treatment of laundry, and washing machine suitable for this purpose |
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EP2158350A2 EP2158350A2 (en) | 2010-03-03 |
EP2158350B1 true EP2158350B1 (en) | 2018-07-11 |
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US (1) | US20100235999A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2158350B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101711295B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007028212B4 (en) |
EA (1) | EA017035B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2686139T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2158350T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008155196A2 (en) |
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EP4411051A1 (en) | 2023-02-06 | 2024-08-07 | Zöllner GmbH | Method for cleaning laundry and corresponding washing system |
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KR20170049593A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2017-05-10 | 킹 데니스 존 | Washing machine |
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CN101711295A (en) | 2010-05-19 |
WO2008155196A3 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
US20100235999A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
CN101711295B (en) | 2014-11-05 |
ES2686139T3 (en) | 2018-10-16 |
DE102007028212B4 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
DE102007028212A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
EP2158350A2 (en) | 2010-03-03 |
PL2158350T3 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
EA201070016A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
WO2008155196A2 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
EA017035B1 (en) | 2012-09-28 |
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