EP2144033B1 - Amorce de projectile - Google Patents

Amorce de projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2144033B1
EP2144033B1 EP09008658.8A EP09008658A EP2144033B1 EP 2144033 B1 EP2144033 B1 EP 2144033B1 EP 09008658 A EP09008658 A EP 09008658A EP 2144033 B1 EP2144033 B1 EP 2144033B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charge
detonator
delay
fuze
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09008658.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2144033A2 (fr
EP2144033A3 (fr
Inventor
Markus Kopf
Frank Martin Kienzler
Gerd Giesler
Herbert Höni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Junghans Microtec GmbH
Original Assignee
Junghans Microtec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Junghans Microtec GmbH filed Critical Junghans Microtec GmbH
Priority to PL09008658T priority Critical patent/PL2144033T3/pl
Publication of EP2144033A2 publication Critical patent/EP2144033A2/fr
Publication of EP2144033A3 publication Critical patent/EP2144033A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2144033B1 publication Critical patent/EP2144033B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/10—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/142—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes combined time and percussion fuzes in which the timing is caused by combustion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an igniter for a projectile with an igniter assembly for igniting a main charge of the projectile and a delay detonator for igniting the igniter assembly after a set by a burnup path of a delay charge delay time, the delay detonator a housing with a detonator in which it is ignited, and a detonator half including a detonator charge for igniting the igniter assembly.
  • Igniter for Artelleriegeuntere, Mttlergranaten or direct projectiles are usually provided with a Zündan onion with a detonator chain through which a main charge of the projectile is ignited.
  • the ignition assembly comprises an ignition charge which is ignited electronically or mechanically at a certain time or in a particular situation of the igniter and which gives its ignition energy directly to the main charge or, for example, to an amplifier charge of the ignition chain, which in turn ignites the main charge.
  • the projectile In case of failure of such a mechanical or electronic triggering of the ignition charge, the projectile is a dud after landing, which represents a significant source of danger for a very long period of time.
  • a dud may arise, for example, when a bullet with a percussion fuse in deep snow or a snowdrift lands and the impact igniter does not ignite or the bullet so flat on the ground that it slips over the ground and comes to a halt only slowly.
  • the detonator In order to ensure ignition even in such a non-regular situation, it is known to provide the detonator with a delay detonator, which is ignited by, for example, the launching of the projectile and the one after a preset Delay time of a few seconds ignites the igniter assembly, if it has not already been ignited regularly by a time fuse or impact fuse or the like.
  • a delay detonator usually comprises a delay charge which is ignited, for example, during firing, and which burns for a predetermined delay time, similar to a detonating cord, in order to transfer ignition energy to a detonator for igniting the firing arrangement after this delay time has elapsed.
  • the housing has a discharge opening in the ignition half with a freely openable cross-section in the igniting state of the delay detonator.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that the delay time can be set very precisely with a delay charge.
  • the burning of a delay charge is very robust against mechanical stresses, so that the ignition of the igniter assembly can take place by the delay detonator even if the fuze has been exposed to high loads in the meantime, as they can occur at launch and an impact. Due to the high mechanical load during firing of the projectile, however, it may happen that the homogeneous structure of the fuel of the deceleration charge is somewhat disturbed.
  • the discharge opening allows in the igniting state of the delay detonator a free passage of gas from a charge of the delay detonator in its environment. It is provided in the igniting state of the delay detonator with a freely continuous opening cross-section, which is at least 1 mm 2 in size. As a result, enough gas can escape through the discharge opening to reduce pressure peaks. A pressure relief in the ignition half is the more necessary the greater the pressure peaks occurring during ignition. In order to be able to reduce even large pressure peaks, which can occur under high mechanical loads or by inhomogeneities in charges, the discharge opening expediently comprises a freely continuous in the igniting state of the delay detonator opening cross-section of at least 5 mm 2 .
  • the housing of the delay detonator covers all charges of the delay detonator, such as an attack charge, a transition charge between the strike charge and a delay charge, optionally a further transition charge and a detonator charge. Since the pressure peaks form primarily during ignition of the delay detonator, the discharge opening is arranged in the ignition half of the housing, that is in the half in which the delay detonator is ignited, for example by a tapping needle, which is pressed into an ignition charge.
  • this is passed through the housing for igniting the delay detonator, which may have a tapping opening for this purpose.
  • This puncture opening is so far blocked in the igniting state of the delay detonator, ie in the state in which the firing needle dips into an ignition charge and ignites it, so that it can not serve as a discharge opening.
  • a small slot between the firing pin and the housing is sufficient as a discharge opening only if it has a passage of at least 1 mm 2 , which moreover can not be covered by an element of the firing needle, eg a cover or a stop.
  • the discharge opening opens directly to a puncture charge of the delay detonator. Pressure peaks that occur when igniting the puncture charge, this can be particularly well derived. Also possible is the location of the vent opening at a transfer charge between a sticking charge and a delay charge to reduce pressure spikes that may result from charge to charge transfer. An arrangement of the discharge opening both at the piercing charge and at the transfer charge is advantageous.
  • the delay detonator is expediently elongate, so that its length in a burn-up direction is longer, in particular more than twice as long, as its extension in the other two spatial directions.
  • the burn-up direction of the delay detonator that is to say the direction advantageously transversely to a direction of flight of the projectile, expediently lies at an angle between 70 and 110 degrees to the direction of flight of the projectile, in particular perpendicular to the direction of flight of the projectile.
  • the burn-up direction is the direction in which a delay charge of the delay detonator burns off, for example from a sticking charge to the detonator charge.
  • the tapping opening and the discharge opening are designed as two separate openings in the housing.
  • the processes of piercing and pressure relief can be separated and the openings can be optimized for a reliable ignition of the delay detonator or on a good pressure relief.
  • the relief opening it is possible for the relief opening to simultaneously form the piercing opening, through which a puncturing needle for igniting the delay detonator can be passed.
  • a puncture of the delay detonator is advantageously done when shooting the projectile and using the launch acceleration.
  • a particularly simple construction of the igniter can be achieved if a puncture direction of the puncture needle through the puncture opening is opposite to the direction of flight of the projectile. Due to the antiparallelity of the piercing direction and the direction of flight of the projectile, the inertia of the piercing needle can be used for accelerating and piercing the retardation detonator without the need for other means of propulsion.
  • Blowing hot combustion gases through the delay detonator in the presence of a pressure spike can only take place if a corresponding backpressure against the burnup direction is present in the retardation detonator.
  • the generation of such a backpressure can be counteracted particularly effectively if the relief opening is arranged according to the invention in the housing against a burnup direction of a delay charge. Accelerated, hot gases can leave the deceleration detonator without diverting, resulting in particularly effective pressure reduction.
  • the discharge opening is arranged opposite a detonator opening of the housing.
  • a pressure relief against the burning direction can be particularly easily realized.
  • the discharge opening may in this case be introduced at a rear side of the housing, which is arranged in particular parallel to the front side.
  • Rear and front can be defined here by the ignition half, which is the rear half and the detonator half, which is the front half.
  • the delay detonator is provided for accelerating a sharply set ignition charge of the ignition arrangement against a puncture needle.
  • the igniter assembly can be ignited and the main charge thereby detonated.
  • the invention is applicable to a detonator which is an impact fuze.
  • the ignition energy necessary for igniting the ignition arrangement can be made available by the delay detonator, for example by accelerating the ignition charge of the ignition arrangement against the puncturing needle.
  • FIG. 1 shows an igniter 2 of a projectile not shown, for example, a mortar shell, a Artelleriegeunteres or a direct projectile in a partially cut and greatly simplified representation.
  • the fuze 2 is an impact fuze and is screwed via a thread 4 in a projectile body, whereby the bullet is made.
  • the igniter 2 comprises an igniter housing 6 with a bottom 8, on which elements of the igniter 2 are fixed, such as a delay detonator 10 and, in addition, a double-bolt system 12, of which only a part is indicated schematically for the sake of clarity.
  • a rotor 14 which is rotatable about a pin 16, and two puncture needles 18, 20 for igniting a priming charge 22 in the rotor 14 or a piercing charge 24 (see Figure 2) in the delay detonator 10, their attachment in the igniter housing 6 also for the sake of clarity is not shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows the delay detonator 10 in a cutaway view.
  • a housing 26 the piercing charge 24, a transfer charge 28, a delay charge 30, a further transfer charge 32 and a detonator charge 34 are arranged from front to back.
  • the housing 26 In the area of the puncture charge 24, the housing 26 is provided with a puncture opening 36, through which the puncture needle 20 can be introduced into the puncture charge 24.
  • the housing 26 On the rear side 38 of the housing 26 and also in the region of the piercing charge 24, the housing 26 is provided with a discharge opening 40.
  • the housing 26 On the opposite front side 42, the housing 26 is designed to be open, so that a large detonation opening 44 is formed.
  • the delay detonator 10 is a good 20 mm long and the diameter of the discharge opening is about 3.5 mm.
  • the fuze 2 When the projectile is fired, the fuze 2 is accelerated very strongly in the direction of flight 46. As a result, an indicated pin 48 of the double pin system 12 is pressed downwards, ie in the direction of the projectile body and with him an unillustrated second pin of the double pin system 12. As a result, the rotor 14 is unlocked, which is rotated by a corresponding mechanism to the bolt 16, so the primer 22 is moved under the puncture needle 12 according to the arrow 50. Upon impact of the projectile on a target of the fuze 2 is accelerated very strongly against the direction of flight 46, so that the rotor 14 is moved relative to the igniter housing 6 upwards, ie in the direction of flight 46, as indicated by an arrow 52 is.
  • the tapping needle 18 rests fixed in the igniter housing 6, so that the primer 22 is pressed against the tapping needle 18 and ignited.
  • ignition charge 22 ignition energy is transmitted through the bottom 8 through a main charge, not shown, of the projectile and this is ignited.
  • the primer 22, the rotor 14 and the piercing needle 18 are part of a firing assembly 54, which may optionally include one or two more charges a firing chain.
  • the decelerating acceleration of the igniter 2 may be too low to push the rotor 14 in the direction of flight 44 upwards and the squib 22 against the firing pin 18.
  • the projectile comes to rest without the main charge detonating, becoming a dud.
  • the igniter 2 is provided with the delay detonator 10, which is ignited when the projectile is launched.
  • the puncture needle 20 When firing the projectile, the puncture needle 20, which is movably mounted in the igniter housing 6, accelerated by its inertia relative to the igniter housing 6 in Anstichcardi 56, ie opposite to the direction of flight 46, the delay detonator 10, so that they are with their tip through the opening 36th moved in the housing 26 in the Anstichladung 24 inside.
  • a brim-shaped stop 58 of the tapping needle 20 their movement is stopped in the Anstichladung 24, wherein the stop 52 during ignition of the puncture charge 24 lid-like around the tapping opening 36 rests and this closes.
  • the tapping charge 24 ignites the transfer charge 28, which in turn ignites the delay charge 30.
  • the deceleration charge 30 is set to burn from its rear end to the transfer charge 28 for 15 seconds until the combustion arrives at its front end and thus at the transfer charge 32.
  • the transfer charge 32 is ignited after these 15 seconds and in turn ignites the detonator charge 34, which emits a strong gas pressure surge to the outside.
  • the rotor 14 is accelerated in the direction of flight 46, so that the squib 22 is pressed against the tapping needle 18 and ignites. In this way, after no more than 15 seconds, the main charge of the projectile is ignited, if it has not previously been ignited regularly by an impact of the fuze 2.
  • the sticking charge 34 and the transfer charge 28 When igniting the sticking charge 34 and the transfer charge 28, it may happen that a high gas pressure within the housing 26 in the region of the sticking charge 24 and / or the transfer charge 28 is formed. It can thereby happen that hot gases are forced through the delay charge 30 abruptly, especially if this micro cracks or the like, which may have occurred, for example, during launch.
  • the transfer charge 32 is ignited immediately and with it the detonator charge 34, so that the gas pressure surge for lifting the rotor 14 is already generated at or shortly after the launch. At this time, the rotor 14 is not yet rotated into its unlocked position, so that the squib 22 can not be pressed against the piercing needle 18 yet.
  • a detonation of the main charge is omitted and does not take place at too low an impact.
  • the projectile becomes a dud.
  • the rotor 14 can be damaged by the gas pressure surge of the detonator charge 34 so that it can jam and can not rotate to its unlocked position.
  • the primer 22 can not be ignited in this way, even at a regular impact and the bullet is in any case a dud.
  • the discharge opening 40 is introduced into the ignition half 60 of the delay detonator 10.
  • the ignition half is the one in the rear half of the delay detonator 10 in terms of its dimensions. In it the ignition charge 24 is located.
  • the front half of the delay detonator 10 is its detonator half 62, in which the detonator charge 34 lies.
  • the delay charge 30 is elongated and with it the delay detonator 10.
  • the longitudinal direction of the elongated delay detonator 10 and with it a burnup direction 66 of the delay charge 30 is perpendicular to the direction of flight 46 .
  • the puncture needle 20 is arranged so that it is laterally inserted into the housing 26 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the delay detonator 10 and / or the burn-off direction 66 for igniting the delay detonator 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Détonateur (2) pour un projectile comprenant un arrangement de mise à feu (54) destiné à mettre à feu une charge principale du projectile et un détonateur à retardement (10) destiné à mettre à feu l'arrangement de mise à feu (54) après un temps de retard défini par un segment de combustion (64) d'une charge de retardement (30),
    a) le détonateur à retardement (10) présentant un boîtier (26) muni d'une moitié de mise à feu (60) dans laquelle il est mis à feu et une moitié de détonateur (62) qui contient une charge de détonateur (34) servant à la mise à feu de l'arrangement de mise à feu (54),
    b) le boîtier (26) présentant dans la moitié de mise à feu (60), une ouverture de décharge (40) ayant une section transversale d'ouverture à passage libre dans l'état mis à feu du détonateur à retardement (10) et
    c) l'ouverture de décharge (40) étant disposée dans le boîtier (26) à l'opposé du sens de combustion (66) de la charge de retardement (30), de sorte que des gaz de combustion chauds accélérés puissent quitter le détonateur à retardement (10) sans être déviés,
    caractérisé en ce que
    d) l'ouverture de décharge (40) débouche directement sur une charge de piquage (24) du détonateur à retardement (10) et
    e) le boîtier (26) enveloppe toutes les charges (24, 30, 34) du détonateur à retardement (10).
  2. Détonateur (2) selon la revendication 1, avec lequel l'ouverture de décharge (40) présente une section transversale d'ouverture à passage libre dans l'état mis à feu du détonateur à retardement (10) d'au moins 5 mm2.
  3. Détonateur (2) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, avec lequel un sens de combustion (66) du détonateur à retardement (10) est transversal par rapport à un sens de vol (46) du projectile.
  4. Détonateur (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec lequel le boîtier (26) présente en plus de l'ouverture de décharge (40) une ouverture de piquage (36) destinée à l'introduction d'une aiguille de piquage (20) en vue de mettre à feu le détonateur à retardement (10).
  5. Détonateur (2) selon la revendication 4, avec lequel un sens de piquage (56) de l'aiguille de piquage (20) à travers l'ouverture de piquage (36) est à l'opposé du sens de vol (46) du projectile.
  6. Détonateur (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec lequel l'ouverture de décharge (40) est disposée en face d'une ouverture de détonateur (44) du boîtier (26).
  7. Détonateur (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec lequel le détonateur à retardement (10) est prévu pour accélérer une charge de mise à feu vive (22) de l'arrangement de mise à feu (54) contre une aiguille de piquage (18).
  8. Détonateur (2) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec lequel le détonateur (2) est réalisé sous la forme d'un détonateur à percussion.
EP09008658.8A 2008-07-11 2009-07-02 Amorce de projectile Active EP2144033B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09008658T PL2144033T3 (pl) 2008-07-11 2009-07-02 Zapalnik do pocisku

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008032744A DE102008032744B4 (de) 2008-07-11 2008-07-11 Zünder für ein Geschoss

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2144033A2 EP2144033A2 (fr) 2010-01-13
EP2144033A3 EP2144033A3 (fr) 2013-06-19
EP2144033B1 true EP2144033B1 (fr) 2015-04-15

Family

ID=40941489

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09008658.8A Active EP2144033B1 (fr) 2008-07-11 2009-07-02 Amorce de projectile

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8037827B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2144033B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2009202759B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2668248C (fr)
DE (1) DE102008032744B4 (fr)
PL (1) PL2144033T3 (fr)
SG (1) SG158806A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200904818B (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140245917A1 (en) * 2011-10-17 2014-09-04 Ael Mining Services Limited Pyrotechnic time delay element

Family Cites Families (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2397781A (en) * 1931-08-05 1946-04-02 Max W Fischer Fuse
US3119338A (en) * 1959-10-13 1964-01-28 Bombrini Parodi Delfino Spa Delay detonators for priming devices
GB1401827A (en) * 1972-11-28 1975-07-30 Dynamit Nobel Ag Fuse for impact sensitive explosive device
BE800881A (fr) * 1973-06-14 1973-12-14 Prb Sa Detonateur a micro-retard pour fusees balistiques et fusees ainsi equipees
US3945323A (en) * 1974-06-14 1976-03-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Impact and self-destruct fuze
US5591935A (en) * 1980-08-27 1997-01-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Shock sensing dual mode warhead
DE3624713C2 (de) * 1986-07-22 1995-09-07 Diehl Gmbh & Co Aufschlagzünder mit Selbstzerlegeeinrichtung für einen Bomblet
IL82066A (en) * 1987-03-31 1992-03-29 Israel State Fuse for sub-munition warhead
DE3740966A1 (de) * 1987-12-03 1989-06-15 Diehl Gmbh & Co Pyrotechnischer zuender fuer geschosse, raketen, bomblets und minen
DE3925238A1 (de) * 1989-07-29 1991-01-31 Rheinmetall Gmbh Zuender fuer ein bombletgeschoss
US5003879A (en) * 1989-11-06 1991-04-02 Propellex Delay detonator
DE4303128C2 (de) * 1993-02-04 1995-10-12 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Zündvorrichtung für Geschosse, Raketen, Bomblets und Minen mit einer pyrotechnischen Selbstzerlegervorrichtung
DE4335022C2 (de) * 1993-10-14 1998-06-10 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Zünd- und Sicherungseinrichtung mit Selbstzerlegungseinrichtung für ein mit einer Hohlladungseinlage versehenes Granatengeschoß
AT403410B (de) * 1994-01-31 1998-02-25 Oregon Ets Patentverwertung Zünder für eine granate
DE9419261U1 (de) * 1994-12-01 1996-04-04 Gebrüder Junghans GmbH, 78713 Schramberg Aufschlagzünder für Munition
DE19726951C2 (de) * 1997-06-25 1999-12-16 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Zünder für ein Drallgeschoß mit im Verriegelungsbolzen für den Detonatorträger angeordneter Selbstzerlegereinheit
US6640719B1 (en) * 1999-01-11 2003-11-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Fuze explosive train device and method
FR2816401B1 (fr) * 2000-11-09 2002-12-20 France Etat Armement Moyens d'initiation pyrotechnique retardateurs
CA2596018C (fr) * 2005-02-08 2015-11-03 Dyno Nobel Inc. Circuit a retard et ses procedes de production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008032744B4 (de) 2010-04-01
US20100005993A1 (en) 2010-01-14
ZA200904818B (en) 2010-04-28
EP2144033A2 (fr) 2010-01-13
AU2009202759A1 (en) 2010-01-28
DE102008032744A1 (de) 2010-01-14
CA2668248A1 (fr) 2010-01-11
PL2144033T3 (pl) 2015-10-30
US8037827B2 (en) 2011-10-18
AU2009202759B2 (en) 2011-09-15
CA2668248C (fr) 2013-03-19
SG158806A1 (en) 2010-02-26
EP2144033A3 (fr) 2013-06-19

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