EP2138798A2 - Header box, in particular of a heat exchanger for automotive vehicle and heat exchanger, more particularly condenser for automotive vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The box has a box part comprising a set of contact areas with which a tubular sheet (9) and the box part are soldered with each other at soldering areas (28), where the soldering areas are formed by the set of contact areas and set of contact areas (26) of the sheet. A contact securing element (30) inhibits critical removal of the contact areas from each other within the soldering areas. The contact securing element is arranged at a longitudinal separating wall area (25) of the box. The contact securing element has a projection (35) provided within the contact areas. An independent claim is also included for a heat exchanger comprising a heat exchanger block.

Description

The invention relates to a collecting box, in particular a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle, comprising a tube bottom comprising first contact surfaces, with a box part comprising second contact surfaces, wherein the tube sheet and the box part are soldered together at soldering areas, and at Welchem the first contact surfaces and the second contact surfaces Can form soldering areas. Furthermore, the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a condenser, of a motor vehicle with a heat exchanger block and with collecting boxes, in which cooling tubes of the heat exchanger block open into the collecting boxes.

Generic headers for heat exchangers are well known in the art and often consist of at least two moldings, which are soldered together, so that the collecting tank can be formed in particular liquid-tight and pressure-resistant. In the aforementioned moldings is usually a tube plate and a box part or a lid of the header tank.

From the publication DE 103 15 371 A1 For example, a heat exchanger with an at least two-cell collection box of a bottom and a lid is known, wherein the bottom and the lid are soldered together at common contact surfaces. So that the collecting tank is constructed particularly resistant to pressure, the bottom has edge strips, so that the lid can be inserted into the ground and learns by means of the edge strips lateral guidance. In addition, further contact surfaces are provided along the central axis of the collecting box, which provide additional soldering areas on the collecting box in addition to the edge strip area. In particular, by means of the edge strips can also be a good pre-fixing the lid on the floor succeed, so that the contact surfaces for forming the soldering areas on the bottom and lid are securely stacked so that they cover well during transport of the components together prefixed and during the soldering process can.

In another heat exchanger from the published patent application DE 10 2004 037 688 A1 there is a collection box in this respect also at least from a bottom and a lid, which form at common contact surfaces soldering areas where they are soldered together. So that the two components of the collecting tank can advantageously be prefixed with each other before the actual soldering process, at least one of the two moldings has lug-like structures which can at least partially surround the floor inserted in the lid, so that the floor is no longer unintentionally counter to a loading direction can solve from the lid of the collecting tank. By means of the tab-like structures It is possible to pre-fix the bottom and the lid of the collecting box well before soldering.

From the publication US 2003/0159813 A1 For example, a cover of a header tank and a bottom of the header tank are crimped lengthwise before brazing at their edge portions, so that the cover and bottom are well pre-fixed for first handling of the header tank. In addition, a latching connection is provided in a longitudinal dividing wall region of the collecting box, which extends over the entire length of the longitudinal dividing wall region, wherein latching noses of a first molded part can engage in undercuts of a second molded part of the collecting box, whereby the cover and bottom of the collecting box well prefixed together in this longitudinal dividing wall area are.

It is an object of the present invention to further develop generic collecting tanks.

The object of the invention is achieved by a collecting box, in particular a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle, having a tube bottom comprising first contact surfaces, comprising a box part comprising further contact surfaces, wherein the tube plate and the box part are soldered to soldering areas, and in which the first contact surfaces and the second contact surfaces can form the soldering areas, the collecting box being characterized by means for securing the contact, by means of which a critical removal of the contact surfaces from one another is prevented in the soldering areas.

Although it is known from the prior art, prefixed to each other to be soldered moldings of a collecting box, such as a tube sheet and a box part, so that the two moldings are well handleable before the actual permanent assembly and the risk of falling apart of the prefixed header tank is reduced. However, it can not be reliably ensured by means of such conventional prefixing that the contact surfaces to be soldered together in the actual soldering areas are also so close and good that a high quality soldered connection can be formed there between the molded components of the collecting box to be soldered. A non-optimal solder joint can drastically reduce the strength of the header, in particular the resistance of the header to high internal pressures, so that about the bursting pressure of the header is substantially reduced. Even if the molded components of the collecting tank to be soldered were previously pressed against each other during the pre-fixing, it can not be guaranteed due to production inaccuracies in the production of the molded components that they can always lie sufficiently against one another at their contact surfaces. Even if they are still sufficiently adjacent to one another during the pre-fixing, it can happen, in particular in the case of heating with respect to a soldering process, that two contact areas forming a soldering area critically move away from each other so that a sufficient solder joint can not form there.

By means of the contact securing means according to the invention, however, the risk is drastically reduced that two contact surfaces forming a soldering area critically remove one another. This ensures that the collecting tank is particularly pressure-stable. This is particularly advantageous in terms of capacitors, since these often cold processes with high pressures must be controlled.

The term "contact surface" describes surfaces of the tube bottom or the box part, generally of the collecting box, which can provide each other soldering areas in which a solder joint between the tube sheet and the box part to be formed.

In the present case, the term "soldering areas" describes those areas of the contact surfaces at which molded components of the collecting box are to be soldered to one another by means of soldered connections. In this context, it is understood that not all contact surfaces between the mold components necessarily form soldering areas.

It is also understood that the means for securing contacts, hereinafter also referred to as contact securing means, may be of various shapes, as long as an extraordinarily good contact between contact surfaces of the molded components of the collecting tank can be ensured with them, so that soldering takes place at these contact surfaces a common soldering process of the header box can form particularly well. The contact securing means can be provided here on almost all contact surfaces that are to form soldering areas of the collecting tank.

In this context, a preferred embodiment variant provides that the means for securing the contact are arranged on a longitudinal dividing wall region of the collecting tank. Such a longitudinal partition wall portion may divide the collecting box into two main channels. In particular, this makes it ideal for placing contact surfaces on both the tube sheet and the box portion of the header tank, with the pressure resistance of the header box being particularly high when the tube sheet and box member are brazed together.

The contact-securing means can be provided in a structurally simple manner if the means for securing the contact are arranged within the soldering areas. Although this reduces the respective soldering area, but this can be compensated with one of the entire solder joint for. In particular, if not the entire soldering area is required to meet the strength requirements.

The quality of the solder joints at the soldering areas of the collecting box can be further increased if the means for securing contacts have solder initiation formations. Such Lötinitialisierungsgebilde can ensure particularly reliable contact between the first contact surfaces and second contact surfaces, starting from which a solder joint can form excellent.

In this connection, it is advantageous if the means for securing the contact have elevations within the first contact surfaces and / or the second contact surfaces.

Moreover, it is advantageous for the means for securing the contact to have depressions within the first contact surfaces and / or the second contact surfaces.

If elevations of the means for securing the contact and lowering the means for securing the contact are positively connected to one another, contact areas on soldering areas can be held in a particularly reliable manner against each other.

In practice, it has proven to be advantageous if the means for securing contact a pin-hub connection.

If the means for securing the contact with the tubesheet or the lid penetrate additional pressing connections can be made from outside to inside soldering areas, whereby a particularly close pressure of the first and second contact surfaces can be ensured to each other.

For example, in this connection, a pin of a tube plate can be inserted into a hub, which may be formed as a through hole on a box part, such that a free end of the pin is accessible from the outside of a header, so that the pin in the hub from the outside, can be pressed. In this respect, a particularly close-fitting Kontakifixierung can be achieved.

If the means for securing the contact along a longitudinal axis of the collecting tank are arranged at a distance from each other, additional soldering areas can form on the contact surfaces between the individual contact securing means, so that the tube bottom and the box part can be soldered together over a sufficiently large area.

In this context, the object is also achieved by a heat exchanger, in particular by a condenser, a motor vehicle with a heat exchanger block and collecting tanks, in which cooling tubes of the heat exchanger open into the manifolds, wherein the heat exchanger is characterized in that it has a collecting box according to one of here comprises feature combinations described.

Further advantages, objects and characteristics of the present invention will be explained with reference to the following description of the appended drawing, in which an example of a heat exchanger and a tube plate and a box part of a header of the heat exchanger are shown.

Figur 1

schematisch eine Ansicht eines Wärmeübertragers mit seitlich angeordneten Sammelkästen,

Figur 2

schematisch eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Rohrbodens mit Mitteln zur Kontaktsicherung in Gestalt von Zapfen im Bereich einer Längstrennwand eines Sammelkastens,

Figur 3

schematisch eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Kastenteils mit Mitteln zur Kontaktsicherung in Gestalt von Durchgangslöchern im Bereich der Längstrennwand eines Sammelkastens,

Figur 4

schematisch eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Sammelkastens mit dem Rohrboden aus der Figur 1 und mit dem Kastenteil aus der Figur 3 und mit zusätzlichen Vorfixierlaschen,

Figur 5

schematisch eine weitere perspektivische Ansicht des Sammelkastens aus der Figur 4 mit umgebogenen und fixierten Vorfixierlaschen,

Figur 6

schematisch nochmals eine perspektivische Ansicht des Sammelkastens aus den Figuren 4 und 5 mit verpressten Kontaktsicherungsmittel,

Figur 7

schematisch einen Querschnitt des Sammelkastens aus den Figuren 4 bis 6 im Bereich verpresster Kontaktsichorungsmittel, und

Figur 8

schematisch einen Längsschnitt des Sammelkastens im Bereich verpresster Kontaktsicherungsmittel.

It shows

FIG. 1

1 is a schematic view of a heat exchanger with laterally arranged collecting boxes;

FIG. 2

2 is a schematic perspective view of a tube plate with contact securing means in the form of pins in the region of a longitudinal dividing wall of a collecting box;

FIG. 3

1 is a schematic perspective view of a box part with contact securing means in the form of through holes in the region of the longitudinal dividing wall of a collecting box;

FIG. 4

schematically a perspective view of a collecting tank with the tube sheet from the FIG. 1 and with the box part from the FIG. 3 and with additional prefixing tabs,

FIG. 5

schematically another perspective view of the collecting tank from the FIG. 4 with bent and fixed prefixing straps,

FIG. 6

schematically again a perspective view of the collecting tank from the FIGS. 4 and 5 with pressed contact securing means,

FIG. 7

schematically a cross section of the collecting tank from the FIGS. 4 to 6 in the field of compressed contact, and

FIG. 8

schematically a longitudinal section of the header box in the area pressed contact securing means.

The Indian FIG. 1 Heat exchangers 1 shown by way of example can be used in motor vehicles, for example, in order to cool coolant of an internal combustion engine (not shown here). The heat exchanger 1 comprises a cooler network 2, on which a coolant inlet box 3 and a coolant outlet box 4 are arranged. Between the two coolant boxes 3 and 4 extend coolant tubes 5 (numbered here only by way of example), so that one to cooling coolant can flow from the coolant inlet box 3 to the coolant drainage 4. In order to substantially improve heat dissipation of the heat energy inherent in the coolant, cooling rib shafts 6 are arranged in this embodiment between the individual coolant tubes 5; which extend from the coolant inlet box 3 to the coolant drain box 4. Each of the cooling fin shafts 6 provides a plurality of cooling fins 7 on the heat exchanger 1. By means of the provided cooling fins 7, the total leakage area for heat energy of the heat exchanger 1 is advantageously increased, which in turn allows the cooling performance of the heat exchanger 1 can be improved. In the middle of the heat exchanger 1, a vertically extending retaining web 8 is provided, by means of which the cooling tubes 5 can be additionally held.

Both the coolant inlet box 3 and the coolant outlet box 4 are each composed of a bent tube sheet 9 and a bent box part 10 together (numbered here only in terms of the coolant inlet box 3).

The tube sheet 9 and the box part 10 are pressed liquid-tightly together at a seam 11 and closed at the top 12 with a first closure 13 and at the bottom 14 with a further closure 15. In the area of the upper side 12, the coolant inlet box 3 also has a coolant inlet 16, while the Kühlmitkelablaufkasten 4 has a coolant outlet 17 in the region of the bottom 14.

The respective bent tube sheet 9 of the coolant inlet box 3 or of the coolant discharge box 4 is arranged relative to the individual coolant tubes 5 such that the coolant tubes 5 are aligned substantially at a right angle 18 to the longitudinal extent 19.

While the coolant inlet 16 and the coolant outlet 17 are respectively provided on the corresponding box part 10, communicate the coolant tubes 5 with the respective bent tube sheet 9 of the coolant inlet box 3 and the coolant drain box 4 by piercing passages 20 of the bent tube sheet 9. The passages 20 are arranged along the longitudinal extension 19 at a bottom region of the tube bottom 9.

The coolant inlet box 3 and the coolant outlet box 4 can generally be referred to as header boxes 21, which are essentially composed of a tube plate 9 and a box part 10, as described by way of example below.

The Indian FIG. 2 tube sheet 9 shown has at its elongated edges 22 on a plurality of Vorfixierlaschen 23.

Along its tube central axis 24 extends a longitudinal partition wall portion 25 of the headers 21. In this longitudinal partition wall portion 25, the tube plate 9 first contact surfaces 26 (here only exemplified), with the second contact surfaces 27 (here only exemplified) of the box part 10 (see FIG. 3 ) Soldering regions 28 of the headers 21 can form. For this purpose, the first contact surfaces 26 and the second contact surfaces 27 in a suitable and known manner with solder (not numbered here) be provided.

At each of the first contact surfaces 26 of the tube sheet 9 contact securing pin 29 of means 30 for securing contact of the collecting tanks 21 are arranged. Accordingly, the second contact surfaces 27 are provided with contact securing hubs 31 in the form of through-holes 32 of the contact-securing means 30. The contact-securing means 30 comprise in particular in this exemplary embodiment, therefore, on the one hand, the contact securing pins 29 and, on the other hand, the contact securing hubs 31,

is the box part 10 in the tube sheet 9 according to the FIGS. 4 to 6 inserted properly, the contact-securing pins 29 of the tube sheet 9 are advantageously arranged in the Kontaktsicherungsnaben 31 of the box part 10, in such a way that the contact-securing pins 29, the contact securing hubs 31, in the form of the through holes 32, can pierce, as particularly well according to the illustrations of FIGS. 7 and 8 is recognizable.

Since the contact-securing pins 29 can penetrate the second contact surfaces 27 of the box part 10, the present contact-securing means 30 simultaneously form solder-initiation structures 33, by means of which there is always a contact area 34, even if only a small contact area, between the first contact areas 26 and the second contact areas 27 is trained. This is true even if areas of the first contact surfaces 26 and second contact surfaces 27 are not touching each other.

This is because the contact-securing pins 29 in this embodiment form elevations 35 within the first contact surfaces 26 and the contact-securing hubs 31 depressions 36 within the second contact surfaces 27.

Alone, this arranging the elevations 35 and 36 sinks already requires a very good contact protection of the first contact surfaces 26 and the second contact surfaces 27 to each other, so that in the soldering areas 28 always very good solder joints can form, which in turn the headers 21 overall very pressure-stable and are also characterized by a high bursting pressure.

If the means 30 for securing contacts, in particular corresponding elevations 35 and depressions 36, are additionally positively connected with one another by pressing the contact securing pins 29 with the contact securing hubs 31, a particularly intimate contact of the first contact surfaces 26 and the second contact surfaces 27 is ensured (see in particular FIG FIGS. 6 to 8 ).

In this case, also pressed and thus particularly strong pin-hub connections 37 are provided by means 30 for securing contact to the collecting tanks 21.

Thus, in spite of the means 30 for securing contact sufficiently large contact surfaces 26 and 27 are available for forming the solder regions 28 in particular in the longitudinal partition wall portion 25 of the headers 21, the means 30 for securing each contact by a distance 38 (by way of example only with respect to FIG. 6 located) spaced from each other.

Specifically, when the means 30 are pressed to secure contact, can alternatively be dispensed with the prefixing tabs 23 still provided here in this embodiment, so that the collecting boxes 21 structurally can be constructed even easier.

References list

1

Heat exchanger

2

radiator core

3

Cooling water inlet box

4

Cooling water drain box

5

Cooling water pipes

6

Fins waves

7

cooling fins

8th

holding web

9

tube sheet

10

box part

11

seam

12

top

13

first closure

14

bottom

15

another closure

16

Cooling water inlet

17

Cooling water outlet

18

right angle

19

longitudinal extension

20

by trains

21

collection boxes

22

elongated edges

23

Vorfixierlaschen

24

central axis

25

Longitudinal partition area

26

first contact surfaces

27

second contact surfaces

28

solder bumps

29

Contact security bolts

30

Means for contact security

31

Contact securement hubs

32

Through holes

33

Lötinitialisierungsgebilde

34

contact areas

35

surveys

36

Reduce

37

Pin-hub connection

38

distance

Claims (12)

Collecting box (3, 4, 21), in particular a heat exchanger (1) of a motor vehicle, having a tube bottom (9) comprising first contact surfaces (26), with a box part (10) comprising second contact surfaces (27), in which the tube plate (9 ) and the box part (10) are soldered together at soldering portions (28), and wherein the first contact surfaces (26) and the second contact surfaces (27) can form the soldering portions (28), characterized by means (30) for securing the contact means which in the soldering areas (28) a critical removal of the contact surfaces (26, 27) is prevented from each other. Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (30) for securing contact on a longitudinal dividing wall region (25) of the collecting box (3, 4, 21) are arranged. Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means (30) for securing contact within the soldering areas (28) are arranged. Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the means (30) for securing contacts Lötinitialisierungsgebilde (33). Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the means (30) for securing contact elevations (35) within the first contact surfaces (26) and / or the second contact surfaces (27). Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the means for securing contact depressions (36) within the first contact surfaces (26) and / or the second contact surfaces (27). Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that elevations (35) of the means (30) for securing contact and depressions (36) of the means (30) for securing contact are positively connected to one another. Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the means (30) for securing contact a pin-hub connection (37). Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the means (30) for contact securing the tube plate (9) or the box part (10) penetrate. Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the means (30) for securing contact along a longitudinal axis (24) of the collecting tank (21) are arranged spaced from each other. Collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the tube plate (9) and / or the box part (10) have means (23) for prefixing. Heat exchanger (1), in particular condenser, of a motor vehicle with a heat exchanger block (2) and with collecting boxes (3, 4, 21), in which cooling tubes (5) of the heat exchanger block (2) in the collecting boxes (3, 4, 21) open, characterized by a collecting box (3, 4, 21) according to one of the preceding claims.

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