Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
  • B01D35/18—Heating or cooling the filters
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
  • B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
  • B01D29/58—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
  • B01D29/64—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element
  • B01D29/6469—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element scrapers
  • B01D29/6476—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element scrapers with a rotary movement with respect to the filtering element
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
  • B01D29/885—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices with internal recirculation through the filtering element
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
  • B01D29/90—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding
  • B01D29/908—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding provoking a tangential stream

Definitions

• the technical field of the invention is that of filtration devices and in particular devices for the filtration of fatty effluents.
• Patent FR-2833855 discloses a filter which is intended to filter such effluents.
• This filter comprises several superimposed filter screens each equipped with a scraper means that periodically cleans the screen and remove solid residues by gravity.
• This filter has the disadvantage of imposing a discontinuous operation. Indeed, the filtering sequences must be frequently interrupted to allow the cleaning of the sieves with the scrapers.
• the object of the invention is to propose a filter having improved performances.
• This filter can operate practically continuously without stopping the operation of the installation (or with brief stops) and the filtration quality obtained is homogeneous and depends only on the mesh size characteristics of the sieves used.
• the subject of the invention is a filtering device for effluent and in particular for an effluent comprising a fatty fraction, a device comprising at least one chamber inside which at least one filtering screen is arranged through which the effluent circulates through gravity, sieve separating two chambers of the enclosure, characterized in that it comprises a circulation means for driving back to an upper chamber located above the sieve the effluents that are in a lower chamber disposed below the sieve, the device also comprising a means for heating the effluents.
• the effluent heating means is constituted by at least one tubing circuit disposed in the enclosure, tubes carrying a heat transfer fluid.
• the effluent can be introduced into the chamber at an upper opening, a first sieve being disposed below the opening and being inclined so that the effluent flows on the sieve.
• the enclosure may include an upper wall disposed above the first screen, whose wall distance to the sieve decreases from the upper opening.
• the device may comprise at least one second sieve disposed below the first sieve, second sieve whose mesh size is smaller than that of the first sieve, the enclosure being thus divided into three chambers delimited by the two sieves.
• the effluent may be introduced into the chamber at an upper opening, a sieve being disposed below the opening and in a substantially horizontal orientation, a rotary scraper being arranged on the sieve.
• the circulation means may comprise at least one duct connecting a suction orifice located at a lower part of the chamber and at least one injection orifice located at an upper and / or intermediate portion of the chamber. enclosure, pipe on which will be arranged a pump, the . or the injection ports being arranged above a sieve.
• the enclosure may comprise a housing which will be separated from the chamber or chambers by at least one filtering wall, housing inside which will be arranged a lifting means for discharging the sludge accumulating at the bottom of the enclosure, the lifting means being a bucket elevator and each bucket being made in the form of grids, sieves or filters .
• the housing of the elevator may be inclined.
• the filtering wall may comprise several parts 1 separated by sieves delimiting the different chambers, each part of the wall having a mesh size substantially equal to that of the sieve which is disposed above it.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of FIG. a filtration device according to the invention
• FIGS. 2a and 2b are two views showing the buckets of the elevating means implemented in this first embodiment
• FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view in longitudinal section of a second embodiment of a filtration device according to FIG.
• FIGS. 4a and 4b are two views showing the buckets of the elevating means used in this second embodiment.
• a filtration device 1 according to a first embodiment comprises an enclosure 2 inside which is disposed at least one filter screen 3a, 3b through which an effluent circulates by gravity.
• the effluent is introduced into the chamber 2 at an upper opening 4 (arrow E).
• the effluent has preferably been preheated to increase its fluidity (heating at a temperature of the order of 25 to 40 ° C).
• the type of treatment will depend on the nature of the effluents that have been filtered.
• a biological treatment can be carried out in a digester.
• An isolation valve 7 is disposed on the evacuation pipe S. It will be periodically opened to evacuate the filtered effluent. It can be seen in FIG. 1 that the filtering screens 3a and 3b delimit in the chamber 2 three superimposed chambers 8a, 8b and 8c.
• the upper chamber 8a is the one in which opens the upper opening 4.
• a first screen 3a is disposed below the opening 4 and is inclined so that the effluent flows by gravity on the screen 3a.
• the enclosure has an upper wall 9 which is disposed above the first screen 3a.
• the wall 9 and the first sieve 3a are arranged in such a way that the distance between sieve 3a and wall 9 is decreasing between the upper opening 4 and the lower end of the first sieve 3a, at the level of which a slot 10 separates the wall 9 and the first sieve 3a.
• Such an arrangement forms a funnel which forces the effluent to pass through the screen 3a.
• the dimensions of the slot 10 will be chosen according to the maximum particle size of the solid waste present in the effluent. This will give the slot 10 a width (smaller dimension of the slot) which will be slightly greater than this maximum grain size. This prevents any clogging of the slot 10 by the residues. Generally for fat effluents from fries will give the slot a width of about 10 mm.
• 3a is also of the order of 5 mm (average size of the sieve openings).
• the enclosure 2 encloses a second screen 3b which is disposed below the first screen, substantially parallel to the latter and at a distance.
• a second screen 3b which is disposed below the first screen, substantially parallel to the latter and at a distance.
• the mesh size of the second screen 3b is chosen smaller than that of the first screen 3a.
• the order of magnitude of the mesh of the second sieve is 2 mm.
• the enclosure has a housing 11 which extends over substantially the entire height of the enclosure 2.
• This housing 11 communicates with the first chamber 8a through the slot 10. It is however separated from the chambers 8b and 8c by at least one filter wall 12a, 12b.
• This filtering wall here comprises two parts 12a and 12b which are separated by the second sieve 3b.
• the upper part 12a of the wall is a filter having a mesh size substantially equal to that of the first screen 3a which is disposed above it.
• the lower part 12b of the wall is a filter whose mesh size is substantially equal to that of the second screen 3b.
• a second level of filtering is performed at the second sieve 3b. Again the inclination of the second sieve 3b prevents clogging. Residues that can not pass through the second screen 3b are discharged through the upper portion 12a of the filter wall 12a. The filter mesh of this portion 12a and at least equal to that of the first screen 3a. No clogging is therefore to be feared. The filter mesh of the lower portion 12b is substantially equal to that of the second screen 3b. Thus no coarse residue present in the housing 11 (as a result of the filtering provided by the slot 10 and the part 12a) can not return to the lower chamber 8c which contains the filtered effluent having the optimum quality.
• the chamber 2 contains a means 13 for heating the effluents which is constituted by at least one tubing circuit disposed in the enclosure 2, tubes carrying a coolant (such as water, oil or water). air) which is supplied by a heating device 14, for example a boiler.
• a coolant such as water, oil or water. air
• the heating means 13 fluidizes a fatty effluent which facilitates filtering.
• the temperature is of the order of 40 ° C.
• the device comprises a circulation means which allows the effluents present in the lower chamber 8c to be carried back to one and / or the other of the two upper chambers 8a, 8b.
• This means thus comprises a pump 15 which takes the effluent at a first suction port 16 which is disposed at a lower part of the lower chamber 8c of the enclosure
• each injection port 18a or 18b is located above a sieve (respectively 3a or 3b).
• a multi-way valve 19 makes it possible to choose to inject the fluid at a single orifice 18a or 18b or at the two orifices simultaneously.
• the operation of the filter is therefore intermittent but the interruptions between the valve openings are short and depend only on the mass of new influents that is introduced. If this introduced mass of effluent is regulated as a function of time, it is possible to obtain a practically continuous filter operation.
• the filtered fluid also circulates in the lateral housing 11 and that it is sucked by the pump 15 and passes through the lower part 12b of the filtering partition.
• a lifting means 20 which is intended to evacuate the sludge accumulating at the bottom of the chamber 2.
• the elevator means shown here is a bucket elevator.
• These elevators are classic in the field of public works or quarries. They comprise an endless belt or conveyor chain 21 on which buckets 22 are fixed at regular intervals. The belt is driven between two pulleys (or pinions), one of the pulleys (or pinion), here the upper pulley, is rotated by a motor 23.
• the housing 11 of the elevator 20 is inclined and the upper part of the elevator communicates with the outside at an evacuation 24.
• the latter is shown schematically here by a horizontal pipe. It goes without saying that, concretely, the evacuation is carried out (as is conventional for such elevators) vertically and by gravity during the overturning of each bucket at the level of the upper part of the elevator.
• the inclination of the housing 11 and the elevator makes it easier to evacuate the residues at a distance from the enclosure 2.
• the evacuated residues are stored in a tank 25. According to their nature, they can be subsequently composted or incinerated. In order to avoid the evacuation of the filtered liquid by the lifting means, the buckets of the latter will have a structure adapted to the particle size of the residues or sludges obtained.
• FIGS 2a and 2b thus show in two orthogonal views a bucket 22 usable.
• Each bucket 22 comprises a support 26 which allows its attachment to the chain or conveyor belt and a receptacle 27 which is formed here by bars 28 secured to a central plate 29.
• the spacing between the bars 28 will be chosen according to the size of the residues that one seeks to evacuate.
• the bars form a grid which allows a rough sieving.
• Such an embodiment is implemented for a filter arranged at the input of a treatment station and intended to eliminate the largest residues.
• the cups 22 may include a receptacle in the form of a screen having a mesh size adapted.
• FIGS. 3, 4a, 4b show a second embodiment of the invention which is more particularly adapted to finer filtering and which can therefore be implemented downstream of the device described above.
• This device 1 comprises, as before, an enclosure 2 inside which is disposed a filter screen 3 through which the effluent E introduced through the upper opening 4 circulates by gravity.
• the screen 3 separates the chamber 2 into two chambers: an upper chamber 8a and a lower chamber 8b.
• the device further comprises a means for circulating the effluent which takes the effluent filtered in the lower part of the lower chamber 8b by a suction orifice 16 and which injects it into the upper chamber 8a through an injection orifice 18.
• the circulation is ensured by a pump 15.
• the device 1 also comprises a means 13 for heating the effluents comprising a tubing circuit arranged in the chamber 2 and connected to a boiler 14.
• the device 1 finally comprises, as the previous one, a housing 11 which is separated from the chambers by filtering walls 12a, 12b.
• An elevating means with buckets 20 is disposed in this housing 11. It makes it possible to evacuate the sludge towards the storage tank 25.
• the screen 3 is here horizontal and disposed below the upper opening 4.
• This screen 3 also carries a scraper 30 which is rotated by a motor 31.
• the scraper is constituted for example by a thin sheet which is at a distance from the sieve 3 which is of the order of magnitude of the mesh of the sieve.
• the mesh size of the sieve 3 is here 0.5 mm.
• the scraper is here permanently rotated and the first chamber 8a has a substantially cylindrical section.
• the scraper 30 has the effect of accelerating the filtering of an already relatively clean effluent and also avoids any clogging.
• the circulation of effluents and their heating also facilitates filtering.
• the screen 3 however only covers the part of the chamber located above the chamber 8b. between the housing 11 and the first chamber 8a is disposed a filtering wall 12b which is horizontal and forms a circular sector completing the screen 3.
• the mesh size of the wall 12b is greater than that of the screen 3 (of the order of 1.5 mm). Furthermore, the mesh dimensions of the wall 12a are substantially identical to those of the screen 3. Thus, during the rotary movement of the scraper 30, the larger particles are directed towards the housing 11 while the filtered liquid is concentrated in the second chamber 8a.
• FIGS. 4a and 4b show, according to two orthogonal views, a bucket 22 which can be used with this second embodiment.
• Each bucket 22 further comprises a support 26 which allows its attachment to the chain or conveyor belt and a receptacle 27 which is formed here by a filtering screen secured to a central plate 29.
• the mesh size of this filter screen is from order of that of the filtering wall 12a is of the order of 0.5 mm.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
• Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=38198279

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2006
  • 2006-12-14 FR FR0610895A patent/FR2909895B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-11-28 WO PCT/FR2007/001948 patent/WO2008081091A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2007-11-28 EP EP07870344A patent/EP2125145A2/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (1)

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