EP2115754A1 - Transformateur - Google Patents
TransformateurInfo
- Publication number
- EP2115754A1 EP2115754A1 EP08707516A EP08707516A EP2115754A1 EP 2115754 A1 EP2115754 A1 EP 2115754A1 EP 08707516 A EP08707516 A EP 08707516A EP 08707516 A EP08707516 A EP 08707516A EP 2115754 A1 EP2115754 A1 EP 2115754A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage winding
- electrically conductive
- voltage
- conductive layer
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/288—Shielding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
- H01F27/324—Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
- H01F27/363—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of electrically conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
Definitions
- the invention relates to a transformer with a voltage insulation between a high-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding for potential separation.
- the invention relates to a high-voltage transformer, in particular to the insulation for electrical isolation, between the high-voltage winding and the undervoltage winding.
- the invention relates to an insulation arrangement for potential separation between a high-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding of a transformer.
- High voltage transformers are needed to adapt to different voltage levels. For example, an oil-immersed furnace transformer transforms a voltage of 110 kV to a voltage of 1.5 kV
- Mains transformer in oil version a voltage of 110 kV to 0.4 kV and a distribution transformer in dry version a voltage of 33 kV to 0.4 kV.
- the power for such transformers starts at approx. 0.4 megawatts and can amount to more than 100 megawatts.
- a high-voltage transformer in which in a layer structure of the high-voltage insulation, an electrically conductive layer is set to high voltage potential and another electrically conductive layer to undervoltage potential. Due to the potential conditions, partial discharges occur on the surface of the layer subjected to the undervoltage, which destroy the insulation.
- An object of the invention is to provide an insulation arrangement for potential separation between the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding of a transformer or a transformer with a corresponding insulation arrangement, which at higher voltages, e.g. above 36 kV, without oil insulation, or with which the air gaps at lower voltages, e.g. below 36 kV, can be reduced.
- the invention relates to a transformer according to the features of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to an insulation assembly according to the features of claim 21. Embodiments and advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.
- the invention relates to a transformer having an insulation arrangement between a high-voltage winding and a negative voltage winding for potential separation, which has a layer structure, comprising an inner insulation between the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding, to which at least one semiconducting layer is adjacent.
- the invention relates in particular to an insulation arrangement for potential separation between a high-voltage winding and a Undervoltage winding of a transformer, which has a layer structure comprising an internal insulation for the arrangement between the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding of the transformer, to which at least one semiconducting layer is adjacent.
- the advantage of the invention is that it allows to transform a transformer above a relatively high voltage, e.g. of 36 kV without realizing a risky oil design or at relatively low voltages, e.g. Below 36 kV, to reduce the partial discharge and the air gaps and thus reduce the dimensions of the transformer.
- a relatively high voltage e.g. of 36 kV
- relatively low voltages e.g. below 36 kV
- partial discharges to the outside can be substantially reduced or completely prevented.
- the inner insulation on a first and second side which are in particular opposite sides, adjoin a respective semiconductive layer.
- the transformer comprises a first electrically conductive layer, which is laid to a first defined potential and which is arranged between the high-voltage winding and the inner insulation.
- the first electrically conductive layer is set to a first defined potential, which is equal to or at least close to the upper voltage of the high-voltage winding.
- the transformer alternatively or additionally comprises a second electrically conductive layer which is laid to a second defined potential and which is arranged between the low-voltage winding and the inner insulation.
- the second electrically conductive layer is set to a second defined potential, which is equal to or at least close to the undervoltage winding undervoltage.
- the electrically conductive layers may be supplied by an external voltage source, which may have a current limiting, or by the winding voltages of the transformer.
- the transformer comprises a first inner insulation between the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding, to which at least a first semiconductive layer adjoins, and a second inner insulation between the high-voltage winding and the lower-voltage winding, to which at least one second semiconductive layer adjoins.
- a first electrically conductive layer which is laid to a first defined potential and which is arranged between the high-voltage winding and the first inner insulation
- a second electrically conductive layer which is placed on a second defined potential and the is disposed between the first inner insulation and the second inner insulation
- a third electrically conductive layer which is placed on a third defined potential and which is arranged between the lower voltage winding and the second inner insulation.
- the first electrically conductive layer is set to a first defined potential, which is equal to or at least close to the upper voltage of the high voltage winding
- the third electrically conductive layer is set to a third defined potential, which is equal to or at least close to the undervoltage winding undervoltage.
- the second electrically conductive layer is preferably set to approximately half the total potential difference between the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding.
- the first and third electrically conductive layers can be insulated from the upper or lower voltage winding by a respective insulation layer.
- the first electrically conductive layer is followed by the first inner insulation, followed by the first semiconductive layer and the second electrically conductive layer, followed by the second inner insulation, followed by the second semiconductive layer and the third electrically conductive layer ,
- an arrangement according to the invention can be extended in a modular manner to a plurality of internal isolations with respective semiconducting layers become.
- the layer structure can be connected in series.
- 2, 3, 5, etc. successive layers are possible.
- another embodiment includes an arrangement in which the third electrically conductive layer is followed by a third inner insulation, followed by a third semiconductive layer and a fourth electrically conductive layer which is set at a fourth defined potential equal to the undervoltage or at least close.
- the second and third electrically conductive layer are placed on a respective intermediate potential between the upper and lower voltage, for example, two-thirds or one-third of the total potential difference between the high-voltage winding and low-voltage winding.
- An aspect of the invention consists, in particular, in a high-voltage insulation for potential separation, which has a firmly connected layer structure, with an electrically conductive layer, electrically connected or insulated to the upper voltage, wherein in an insulated embodiment, the electrically conductive layer is set to a defined potential, which of the upper voltage followed by an internal insulation, followed by a semiconducting layer to prevent partial discharges at the surface of the insulation and another electrically conductive layer, connected or isolated to the undervoltage, wherein in an insulated embodiment, the electrically conductive layer is set to a defined potential which is close to the undervoltage.
- the electrically conductive layers may be supplied by an external voltage source, which may have a current limiting, or by the winding voltages of the transformer.
- the layer structure can be switched several times in series, wherein the electrically conductive layers are connected by a voltage source to a defined potential.
- the first conductive layer is set to the potential of the undervoltage of 400 volts, the second electrically conductive layer to 30 kV and the third conductive layer to 60 kV. Due to the electrically conductive layers with a defined potential, there is virtually no potential difference to adjacent winding.
- the voltage curve of the high-voltage winding is equal to the voltage curve of the electrically conductive layer belonging to the upper voltage, or is close to this voltage curve in an insulated embodiment. The same applies to the undervoltage.
- the electrically conductive layers may, depending on the application, be electrically conductively connected to the upper or lower voltage winding and / or connected to an external voltage source.
- voltage dividers, transformers or the like can be used, which are directly or indirectly coupled to the upper or lower voltage winding.
- Such components may change the amount of voltage of the respective electrically conductive layer with respect to the upper or lower voltage winding or, for the same amount of voltage, ensure power decoupling for the high and low voltage windings.
- the insulation arrangement can be made very thin, in contrast to the usual air gaps. Furthermore, a partial discharge on the surface of the insulation is prevented by the semiconductive layer.
- the resistance of the semiconductive layer can be determined for all values which exist between the resistance of an electrical conductor, e.g. Copper, and that of an electrical nonconductor, z. As silicone, are designed.
- a favorable variant for the semiconducting layer is the spraying of a thin carbon layer with a defined resistance. This may for example be between 0.1 ⁇ and 1 M ⁇ , in particular 2 ⁇ to 10 k ⁇ , for example approximately 5 k ⁇ .
- the voltage insulation is formed very stable with their layer structure, so that they can form a winding support for receiving the voltage winding itself, wherein the winding support of the upper voltage in the interior has an electrically conductive layer, this the same potential as the high-voltage winding has
- an internal insulation followed by a semiconductive layer and a further electrically conductive layer is realized, the potential of this electrically conductive layer being equal to the potential of the undervoltage, or by means of an insulation is located close together, and the layers are fixed together and without air pockets.
- the high-voltage winding is electrically connected to the first electrically conductive layer or insulated from the upper voltage, wherein in an insulated embodiment, the electrically conductive layer is set to a defined potential, which is close to the upper voltage, then the first inner insulation, then the first semiconducting layer, then another electrically conductive layer, which is placed on a defined potential, for example half of the total potential difference, then a third electrically conductive layer, then a second inner insulation, then a second semiconducting layer, then a fourth electrically conductive layer, which is electrically connected to the lower voltage winding, or insulation to the fourth electrically conductive layer. In isolation to the undervoltage, the fourth electrically conductive layer is set to a defined potential, which is close to the undervoltage.
- the invention relates to the following further aspects:
- An embodiment comprises a high-voltage transformer with a high-voltage insulation between a high-voltage winding and a low voltage winding for potential separation, having a firmly bonded layer structure, comprising or consisting of an electrically conductive layer, which is set to a defined potential which is equal to or at least close to the upper voltage followed by an internal insulation, followed by a semiconductive layer and another electrically conductive layer, which is set at a defined potential which is equal to or at least close to the undervoltage.
- the electrically conductive layer and / or the further electrically conductive layer may be electrically conductively connected to the high-voltage winding or the low-voltage winding.
- the electrically conductive layer and / or the further electrically conductive layer may be electrically insulated from the high-voltage winding or the low-voltage winding.
- the inner insulation can have a semiconducting layer on both sides.
- the electrically conductive layer and / or the further electrically conductive layer has an insulation for the high-voltage winding or for the low-voltage winding.
- the layer structure forms a winding carrier for receiving the high-voltage winding.
- a further embodiment of the invention comprises a high-voltage transformer having a high-voltage insulation between a high-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding for potential separation, which has a firmly bonded layer structure comprising or consisting of a first electrically conductive layer which is set to a defined potential which is equal to the upper voltage or at least close, followed by a first inner insulation followed by a first semiconductive layer and a second electrically conductive layer laid to a second defined potential followed by a second inner insulation followed by a second semiconducting layer and a third one electrically conductive layer, which is placed on a third defined potential, followed by a third inner insulation, followed by a third semiconductive layer and a fourth electrically conductive layer, which on a fourth defined Po tential, which is equal to or at least close to the undervoltage.
- the second electrically conductive layer can be applied to half the total potential difference between the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding.
- the bobbin or winding support for receiving the high-voltage winding is rotatable in a variant around the transformer core, so that electrically conductive material and insulation material can be wound.
- the bobbin is driven externally.
- the electrically conductive layers are supplied in a further variant of an external voltage source, so that a current limit is possible. But this is not absolutely necessary.
- the bobbin or winding support for receiving the high-voltage winding can be prefabricated and divided or can be made in one piece directly around the toroidal core.
- the compact insulation can also be mounted as a cylinder between the high-voltage winding and low-voltage winding, wherein an air gap can be approximately in the form of an air gap between the high-voltage winding and between the low-voltage winding.
- Side flanges of the bobbin in one embodiment may have a frictional or positive surface.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a transformer with an insulation arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a transformer with an insulation arrangement according to another embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional illustration of an exemplary winding process of the high-voltage winding of an embodiment of a transformer according to the invention on a winding carrier in the form of a toroidal core.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a transformer with an insulation arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention. The transformer is shown for the sake of clarity only roughly schematically. Between an upper voltage winding 4 and a lower voltage winding 8, an insulation arrangement is arranged.
- This can be designed differently according to the principles of the invention, a variant being shown in FIG.
- the layer structure according to the invention which is firmly bonded, for example, is not limited to the layer sequence described below, but can be changed in itself and can also be extended in a modular manner depending on the application.
- the exemplary embodiments explained in the figures are each a high-voltage transformer in which the advantages of the invention become particularly apparent. However, the invention and its advantages are basically applicable to a variety of types of transformers, especially in the medium or low voltage range.
- FIG. 1 shows a transformer 10 with an insulation arrangement between a high-voltage winding 4 and a low-voltage winding 8 for potential separation between the upper and lower voltage.
- the insulation arrangement has a layer structure which comprises an inner insulation 2 of the transformer.
- an insulating layer 3 is arranged between the high-voltage winding 4 and a first electrically conductive layer 1.
- the first electrically conductive layer 1 is set to a defined potential A, which is equal to the potential of the high-voltage winding 4 or this comes close.
- the inner insulation 2 forms the actual insulation layer for electrical isolation and comprises or consists of, for example, silicone or other suitable non-conductive material.
- the inner insulation 2 is followed by a semiconducting layer 6, for example with or of a carbonaceous material.
- a semiconducting layer 6 for example with or of a carbonaceous material.
- Another electrically conductive layer 5 is connected to the potential B, which is equal to the potential of the low-voltage winding 8 or, separated from this by an insulating layer 7, is close.
- the insulation layer 7 follows and then the undervoltage Winding 8.
- the layers 3, 1, 2, 6, 5 and 7 are firmly connected and form a unit.
- the layer arrangement according to FIG. 1 can also be varied in such a way that the semiconducting layer 6 is arranged on the other side of the inner insulation 2, ie on the high-voltage side of the inner insulation 2, or on both sides on opposite sides of the inner insulation 2 a semiconducting layer is provided , It is also possible in certain applications to provide none or only one of the pairs of layers 3, 1 or 5, 7 or to supply only one of the electrically conductive layers 1, 5 with an external voltage source.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of another embodiment of a transformer with an insulation arrangement according to an extended embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a structure of a transformer 20 with two inner insulations 2a and 2b between the high-voltage winding 4 and the low-voltage winding 8 and an external voltage source SP.
- the transformer 20 comprises a first electrically conductive layer 1, which is placed on a first defined potential A and which is arranged between the high voltage winding 4 and the first inner insulation 2a, a second electrically conductive layer 5, which is placed on a second defined potential B.
- a first semiconductive layer 6a adjoins the first inner insulation 2a, and a second semiconducting layer 6b adjoins the second inner insulation 2b.
- the multilayer structure becomes advantageous at high voltages because the voltage of, for example, 60 kV is divided in half within the isolation arrangement.
- the potential A of 60 kV is applied to the first electrically conductive layer 1, the potential B of 30 kV to the second electrically conductive layer 5, and the potential C of 0.4 kV to the third electrically conductive layer 11 created.
- the semiconducting layers 6a and 6b serve for a defined potential reduction.
- the insulating layer 7 forms a Separation to the low-voltage winding 8 and the insulation layer 3 is a separation to the high-voltage winding 4 of the transformer 20th
- the layer arrangement according to FIG. 2 can also be varied in that the semiconducting layers 6a, 6b are respectively arranged on the other side of the inner insulation 2a or 2b, ie on the high-voltage side of the inner insulation 2a or 2b, or on opposite sides on both sides the respective inner insulation 2a, 2b is provided a semiconducting layer. It is also possible in certain applications to provide none or only one of the pairs of layers 3, 1 or 11, 7 or to supply only one or selected of the electrically conductive layers 1, 5, 11 with an external voltage source. In certain cases, it is also possible to dispense with the electrically conductive layer 5.
- the arrangement of Figure 2 can be extended in a modular manner by further successive layers. This will be explained below, starting from FIG. 2, without a more detailed drawing.
- the third electrically conductive layer 11 is followed by a third inner insulation, followed by a third semiconductive layer and a fourth electrically conductive layer, which is placed at a fourth defined potential which is equal to or at least close to the undervoltage.
- the potential C corresponds to a suitable intermediate potential between upper and lower voltage, e.g. about one-third of the total potential difference (in the above numerical example, for example, 20 kV), while potential B is then e.g. about two-thirds of the total potential difference between upper and lower voltage corresponds (in the above numerical example, for example, 40 kV).
- the variations described above with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2 may also find application in this embodiment.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of an exemplary winding process of the high-voltage winding of an embodiment of a transformer according to the invention on a winding carrier in the form of a toroidal core 24.
- FIG. 3 shows an arrangement in which two winding carriers 21 are simultaneously wound with respective layer structures according to the invention.
- the high-voltage winding support 21 are around the Transformer core 24 rotatably and are driven in the arrow direction to wind the winding materials of electrically conductive material (here aluminum flat strip) 22 and insulation material 23 on the winding support 21.
- electrically conductive material here aluminum flat strip
- the insulation layer structure according to the invention which forms a winding carrier 21 (so-called bobbin) for receiving the high-voltage winding 4, can be prefabricated and divided or can be manufactured in one piece directly around the transformer core 24.
- the layer structure may be mounted as a cylinder between the high-voltage winding 4 and the low-voltage winding 8, wherein at least one air gap (not shown) may be provided for cooling purposes between the upper-voltage winding and the lower-voltage winding.
- Such an air gap may in principle be arranged between any two layers of the layer structure, but will generally be arranged relatively close to the upper and / or lower voltage winding.
- the winding support 21 may have side flanges (not shown) which have a frictional or positive surface. This has an advantageous effect during the winding process.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
- Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un transformateur (10) comprenant un dispositif d'isolation entre un enroulement haute tension (4) et un enroulement basse tension (8) pour une séparation de potentiel, éventuellement, un dispositif d'isolation pour une séparation de potentiel entre un enroulement haute tension (4) et un enroulement basse tension (8) d'un transformateur, dispositif présentant une structure stratifiée comprenant une isolation interne (2; 2a, 2b) entre l'enroulement haute tension (4) et l'enroulement basse tension (8), à laquelle est adjacente au moins une couche semi-conductrice (6, 6a, 6b). Les dimensions d'un transformateur peuvent ainsi être réduites; en outre, des décharges partielles vers l'extérieur peuvent être réduites, voire même supprimées.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007006005A DE102007006005B3 (de) | 2007-02-07 | 2007-02-07 | Transformator |
PCT/EP2008/000835 WO2008095660A1 (fr) | 2007-02-07 | 2008-02-01 | Transformateur |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2115754A1 true EP2115754A1 (fr) | 2009-11-11 |
Family
ID=39226933
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08707516A Withdrawn EP2115754A1 (fr) | 2007-02-07 | 2008-02-01 | Transformateur |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100109830A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2115754A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2010518612A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20090114373A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101606209A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2008213339A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0806852A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2675502A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102007006005B3 (fr) |
EA (1) | EA015163B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2008095660A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200904525B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2355116A1 (fr) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-10 | ABB Research Ltd. | Dispositif électrique et son procédé de fabrication |
JP6519497B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-18 | 2019-05-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 計器用変圧器 |
EP3770931A1 (fr) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-01-27 | Solaredge Technologies Ltd. | Appareil de transformateur |
CN110853898A (zh) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-28 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | 变压器及变压器加工工艺 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2977556A (en) * | 1957-03-15 | 1961-03-28 | Gen Electric | Electrical coil |
DE1258966B (de) * | 1964-04-27 | 1968-01-18 | May & Christe Ges Mit Beschrae | Luftgekuehlter Kunststofftransformator |
DE1763515A1 (de) * | 1965-04-20 | 1971-12-30 | May & Christe Gmbh | Potentialsteuernder Schirm fuer Kunststofftransformatoren |
DE2150214A1 (de) * | 1971-10-08 | 1973-04-12 | Transformatoren Union Ag | Mit einem schild versehene wicklung fuer transformatoren |
US3891955A (en) * | 1974-05-07 | 1975-06-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrical inductive apparatus |
US4173747A (en) * | 1978-06-08 | 1979-11-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Insulation structures for electrical inductive apparatus |
DE3243595C2 (de) * | 1982-11-25 | 1985-10-17 | Smit Transformatoren B.V., Nijmegen | Wicklungsanordnung für einen gasgekühlten Transformator |
US4518941A (en) * | 1983-11-16 | 1985-05-21 | Nihon Kohden Corporation | Pulse transformer for switching power supplies |
FR2587795B1 (fr) * | 1985-09-20 | 1990-02-09 | Europ Propulsion | Capteur de deplacement lineaire inductif |
DE8914262U1 (fr) * | 1989-12-04 | 1990-03-01 | Michael Riedel Transformatorenbau Gmbh, 7174 Ilshofen, De | |
DE4204092C2 (de) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-12-16 | Ant Nachrichtentech | Aus mindestens einer Wicklungskammer bestehender Spulenkörper für elektrisches Wickelgut, insbesondere für einen Hochspannungstransformator, sowie Hochspannungstransformator |
US6147580A (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-11-14 | Square D Company | Strip wound induction coil with improved heat transfer and short circuit withstandability |
FR2793599B1 (fr) * | 1999-05-10 | 2001-07-06 | Transfix Toulon Soc Nouv | Transformateur mt/bt a isolement sec, a champ electrique lineairement reparti, pour la distribution de l'energie electrique en milieu rural |
-
2007
- 2007-02-07 DE DE102007006005A patent/DE102007006005B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-02-01 US US12/524,637 patent/US20100109830A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-02-01 AU AU2008213339A patent/AU2008213339A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-02-01 CN CNA2008800044286A patent/CN101606209A/zh active Pending
- 2008-02-01 JP JP2009548612A patent/JP2010518612A/ja active Pending
- 2008-02-01 BR BRPI0806852-6A patent/BRPI0806852A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-02-01 KR KR1020097015825A patent/KR20090114373A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-02-01 WO PCT/EP2008/000835 patent/WO2008095660A1/fr active Search and Examination
- 2008-02-01 EA EA200970730A patent/EA015163B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-02-01 CA CA002675502A patent/CA2675502A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2008-02-01 EP EP08707516A patent/EP2115754A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-06-29 ZA ZA200904525A patent/ZA200904525B/xx unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2008095660A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102007006005B3 (de) | 2008-07-31 |
AU2008213339A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
EA200970730A1 (ru) | 2009-12-30 |
WO2008095660A1 (fr) | 2008-08-14 |
US20100109830A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
ZA200904525B (en) | 2010-04-28 |
JP2010518612A (ja) | 2010-05-27 |
EA015163B1 (ru) | 2011-06-30 |
CN101606209A (zh) | 2009-12-16 |
CA2675502A1 (fr) | 2008-08-14 |
BRPI0806852A2 (pt) | 2014-04-29 |
KR20090114373A (ko) | 2009-11-03 |
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