Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
  • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
  • H01Q1/1278—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens in association with heating wires or layers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
  • H05B2214/02—Heaters specially designed for de-icing or protection against icing

Definitions

• the invention relates to an assembly consisting of an electrically heatable glazing and a magnetic field sensitive apparatus, having the features of the preamble of claim 1..
• glazings and mirrors can be electrically heated by providing them with an electrically conductive coating and / or electrically conductive tracks and by heating the coating and / or the conductive tracks by applying an electrical voltage and leaving to circulate a current.
• the heat produced makes it possible to eliminate, in a short time, such glazings the visual disturbances caused by condensation of humidity and / or icing / snow. On the windows of a vehicle, the frozen wipers can be released again.
• the zone of the heating wires in the outer lateral corner of a trapezoidal glass pane is divided into three electrically connected strips. series in which the heating current flows in alternate directions. There is also inevitably an additional collector conductor section. However, as with the aforementioned US patent, this division into zones serves only to homogenize the heating power in this lateral zone.
• US Pat. No. 5,182,431 also already publishes an arrangement of discrete heating conductors (screen-printed or wire-shaped) in several parallel zones which, for controlling an area of the surface to be heated preferably, also comprises a series circuit composed of groups of heating conductors traversed by currents in opposite directions.
• the fundamental principles of electrotechnical knowledge also include the fact that the circulation of an electric current in a conductor always generates a magnetic field around this conductor. This magnetic field is normally much more powerful than the overall but relatively weak magnetic field of the Earth and is superimposed on it. It is therefore not surprising that a compass which is installed in a vehicle near an electrically heatable glazing, in particular of course in the field of vision of the driver of the vehicle near the windshield, is disturbed and / or deviated by the electric magnetic field produced during heating to the point where a reliable directional indication with respect to the earth's magnetic field is no longer possible.
• Heated windows with electrically conductive coating tend to form "hot spots" in the presence of defects in the homogeneity of the coating conductive (window passing radiation), that is to say local overheating at the edges of these defects of homogeneity, which are undesirable and may in addition to this cause long-term damage to the windows, in particular in the case of composite panes with a thermoplastic adhesive layer.
• DE 101 26 869 A1 discloses a wire heating pane with which the two parallel collector conductors are arranged directly next to one another near an edge of the pane, the heating wires moving away while being Isolated through collector conductors farther from the edge.
• the invention relates to all possible variants of electrically heatable glazing, and whether they are now glass or plastic. Specifically, this is monolithic windows with a heated conductive structure arranged on their surface in the form of a layer, a printed pattern (screen printing) or son or heated conductors embedded in the mass of the window.
• Composite panes comprising at least two rigid panes and an adhesive layer connecting them by surface adhesion, in particular vehicle windshields, are often found in a heated version. It is true that heating in Composite glass is usually embedded in the composite (again with heated conductors in the form of a layer, printed pattern or wires). But it is of course also possible to make composite windows with heated structures that are outside (on one or both main surfaces).
• the object of the invention is to take measurements to influence the magnetic field of an electrically heatable glazing, which in particular allow undisturbed operation of a device sensitive to magnetic fields, such as a compass or a sensor in the vicinity of such a window.
• the invention exploits the fact that a magnetic field which is generated by a current in a conductor according to the "rule of the thumb" and rotating to the right with respect to the direction of the current can be compensated at least partially by the magnetic field in a conductor parallel traversed by a current in the opposite direction.
• This physical effect is not mentioned explicitly in any of the documents mentioned above, because these relate to totally different problems. But it also occurs where there are electrical conductors arranged parallel to each other and traversed by currents in the opposite direction.
• the heating conductors which extend in principle in parallel between two side edges of the glazing
• a magnetic field sensitive device such as a compass, but also other types of sensors, in particular devices integrated in satellite positioning systems
• the effect of the magnetic field in the direction of this apparatus can be at least minimized.
• these measurements are taken in a partial area of the glazing surface and with a form of glass without the heating function itself necessarily being necessary.
• the measurements in accordance with the invention are in no way comparable with a communication window of the type mentioned above.
• the invention thus does not consist, as with the state of the art mentioned above, in a local control of the heating power or in a homogenization of the currents in heating conductors of different lengths, but exclusively in a larger reduction. possible magnetic field generated locally (perpendicular to the plane of the glass) of the heating conductors at the location of a device whose operation would otherwise be disturbed. If this is to be done on an industrial scale at a reasonable cost, it is of course also necessary to find a compromise between a very high resolution compensation (for example with a change of direction of the current from one heating wire to another, beyond 2 adjacent heating wires) and a solution with which a magnetic field that is too strong still persists.
• reversing line here designates a virtual line extending in the plane of the glass parallel to the heating conductors and on both sides of which are flows of current in opposite directions in neighboring heating conductors.
• this inversion line is in the line or the separation surface each time between two parallel stripes separated from each other. It appears particularly appropriate that at least two such inversion lines are located next to each other in the area of the apparatus with a mutual gap which is determined according to the difference between the apparatus and the surface of the window and possibly according to its own width.
• this difference which can also be called width of the partial zone of the glazing, or separation distance between the heating conductors of each end of the partial zone, corresponds to one to three times, preferably corresponds to twice , the distance separating the device from the glazing. It is thus possible to compensate almost completely the magnetic field that acts on the device above the area of the heating conductors in the center, so that the device can detect at this location mainly the magnetic field earthly.
• Figure 1 a first embodiment of a glazing according to the invention with which are formed in all three groups of heating conductors in which the central group is crossed by a current in the opposite direction of the other two groups;
• Figure 2 a second embodiment with which five groups of heating conductors are formed, three of which are connected electrically in series and which are thus traversed by currents in the opposite direction;
• Figure 3 is a schematic representation of magnetic field lines that are generated around three heating conductors extending parallel to each other.
• a glazing 1 shown in simplified form in the form of a straight-line trapezoid is equipped with a certain number of heating conductors 2 and a pair of collector conductors 3 in addition to external terminals 3A for the Application of a supply voltage to the heating conductors 2.
• the latter are in the form of thin discrete conductive strips printed parallel to one another or deposited in the form of wires.
• the heating conductors 2 form at least one "normal" heating zone (here there are two heating zones on the right and left of the center of the glass).
• a device 4 sensitive to magnetic fields is installed in the immediate vicinity of the glazing 1 and is here in the direction of observation at a short distance in front of the plane of the window and approximately in the center of the window near the window. lower edge.
• the concrete mounting position of this apparatus 4 with respect to the glazing 1, however, is of secondary importance for the present invention.
• the apparatus can thus also be mounted in the upper zone of the glazing, for example in the housing of an interior mirror in a motor vehicle, and again has a relatively small deviation from the glazing in the direction of the normal.
• the apparatus is then attached at least indirectly to the glazing unit and in a fixed position relative thereto.
• a group of heating conductors 2 ' (highlighted visually and grouped by a dashed ellipse) is electrically isolated from the first pair of collector conductors 3 and thus "normal" heating zones consisting of heating conductors 2 and equipped with a (second) pair of collector conductors 3 'proper.
• the latter are provided with their own external terminals which are brought above the outer collector conductors 3 (closer to the edge of the pane) by being electrically insulated from them.
• To the right and left of this group of heating conductors 2 ' which is approximately in the center of the glass are two larger groups of heating conductors 2.
• the reciprocal deviation of the reversal lines on the surface of the window which also determines the level of weakening of the magnetic field, is dimensioned according to the conditions of the individual mounting situation, in particular according to the dimensions of the device 4 itself and its deviation from the surface of the glass. Simple optimization tests and possible simulations can be performed for this purpose. In particular, this difference corresponds to one to three times, and preferably corresponds to twice the distance separating the apparatus from the glazing.
• the arrangement shown in Figure 1, three heating zones connected in parallel, has the advantage that the heating voltage is everywhere the same, which allows to design all heating conductors identically without changing the local heating power.
• it has the disadvantage that it is necessary to provide additional external terminals for the short 3 'collector conductors in order to be able to fix an inverted polarity with respect to that of the collector conductors 3.
• the two additional collector conductors 3' of the zone partial are arranged respectively close to the two edges of greater extension of the glazing (longitudinal edges) and in the middle of these edges, the heating son 2 'extending between these two collector conductors.
• the conductors 3 ' are preferably in the form of bus bars which extend parallel to the edges of greater extension of the glazing.
• Figure 2 shows a variant of the configuration of the partial area of the surface using the same reference characters for the same elements as in Figure 1.
• Five groups of heating conductors are in all formed here. These are two larger groups respectively to the right and left of the center of the window (heating conductors 2, "normal” heating zones) which extend directly between the collecting conductors 3.
• four parallel heating conductors 2 '(group 2'i) extend between the upper collector conductor 3 and a short collector conductor 3'.
• This one has no external terminal, but only serves as a jumper with the next 2 ' 2 group in the series. It also comprises four heating conductors which extend between the short collector conductor 3 'of the bottom and a short collector 3' of the top, also without external terminal, which in turn are connected four heating conductors (group 2 ' 3 ) to the collector conductor 3 at the bottom.
• the changing directions of current flow are also represented by arrows in Figure 2 to illustrate them.
• the 3 'collector conductors are used here only reversing jumpers for the current flowing in the series circuit.
• This series circuit forms a voltage divider in which the available heating voltage between the collector conductors 3 is reduced to partial voltages. In the absence of additional measures, that is to say when the heating conductors 2 'are designed identically to the heating conductors 2, this would produce a reduction of the heating power in the zone of groups 2'i to 2 ' 3 .
• FIG. 3 shows in highly simplified form a section through three heating conductors 2 ' 1 , 2' 2 and 2 ' 3 arranged in parallel (flat) next to one another, which are respectively surrounded by magnetic field lines. While the magnetic field lines in the external heating conductors 2'i and 2 '3 rotate left, magnetic field lines in the central heating conductor 2' 2 rotate right.
• Vector arrows form a closed triangle locally.
• the apparatus 4 is preferably installed near this location or that this location in the heatable glazing demarcated by the inversion lines described above should preferably be arranged near the installation location of the apparatus in the complete assembly environment.

Landscapes

• Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=39477650

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (9)

Family Cites Families (18)

• 2007
  • 2007-01-04 DE DE102007001080A patent/DE102007001080A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-12-21 US US12/520,340 patent/US8669493B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-12-21 EP EP07872018.2A patent/EP2108238B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2007-12-21 PL PL07872018T patent/PL2108238T3/pl unknown
  • 2007-12-21 ES ES07872018.2T patent/ES2463465T3/es active Active
  • 2007-12-21 DK DK07872018.2T patent/DK2108238T3/da active
  • 2007-12-21 WO PCT/FR2007/052609 patent/WO2008087350A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2007-12-21 PT PT78720182T patent/PT2108238E/pt unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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